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Author = Gallagher, Stephen;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 69 on page 1 of 3
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'Soft and fluffy': Medical students' attitudes towards psychology in medical education
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Wallace, Sarah; Nathan, Yoga; McGrath, Deirdre
'Soft and fluffy': Medical students' attitudes towards psychology in medical education
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Wallace, Sarah; Nathan, Yoga; McGrath, Deirdre
Abstract:
Psychology is viewed by medical students in a negative light. In order to understand this phenomenon, we interviewed 19 medical students about their experiences of psychology in medical education. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were generated: attitudes, teaching culture, curriculum factors and future career path; negative attitudes were transmitted by teachers to students and psychology was associated with students opting for a career in general practice. In summary, appreciation of psychology in medical education will only happen if all educators involved in medical education value and respect each other's speciality and expertise.
ACCEPTED
peer-reviewed
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4348
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"It might hurt, but still it's good': People with rheumatoid arthritis beliefs and expectations about physical activity interventions
(2017)
Larkin, Louise; Kennedy, Norelee; Fraser, Alexander D.; Gallagher, Stephen
"It might hurt, but still it's good': People with rheumatoid arthritis beliefs and expectations about physical activity interventions
(2017)
Larkin, Louise; Kennedy, Norelee; Fraser, Alexander D.; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
Many people who have rheumatoid arthritis report low levels of physical activity. We conducted 17 interviews with people who have rheumatoid arthritis to gain insight into how they view physical activity and to explore how their levels of activity may be increased. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were generated: being active, barriers and facilitators, information and advice, and supporting physical activity. A lack of information about being active fostered negative emotions limiting physical activity participation. Improved provision of physical activity advice is warranted to promote physical activity in people who have rheumatoid arthritis.
peer-reviewed
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6560
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A commentary on the effects of identification with a support group on the mental health of people with multiple sclerosis
(2013)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Donnell, Aisling T.; Minescu, Anca; Muldoon, Orla T.
A commentary on the effects of identification with a support group on the mental health of people with multiple sclerosis
(2013)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Donnell, Aisling T.; Minescu, Anca; Muldoon, Orla T.
Abstract:
no abstract available
ACCEPTED
peer-reviewed
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4374
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A Commentary on “Positive Psychology Interventions for Patients With Heart Disease: A Preliminary Randomized Trial”
(2017)
Creaven, Ann-Marie; O'Connell, Brenda; Gallagher, Stephen
A Commentary on “Positive Psychology Interventions for Patients With Heart Disease: A Preliminary Randomized Trial”
(2017)
Creaven, Ann-Marie; O'Connell, Brenda; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
In a recent randomized feasibility trial, Nikrahan et al.1 found that positive psychological interventions (PPIs) led to significant improvements in psychological wellbeing in patients who had undergone a procedure to treat cardiovascular disease. We were enthused to see this line of inquiry and agree this is a crucial step in determining the generalizability of PPIs in non-Western clinical populations.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/10623/
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A longitudinal study of relationships between identity continuity and anxiety following brain injury
(2017)
Walsh, R.Stephen; Muldoon, Orla T.; Fortune, Dónal G.; Gallagher, Stephen
A longitudinal study of relationships between identity continuity and anxiety following brain injury
(2017)
Walsh, R.Stephen; Muldoon, Orla T.; Fortune, Dónal G.; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
Objective: Anxiety is of particular importance following acquired brain injury (ABI), because anxiety has been identified as a significant predictor of functional outcomes. Continuity of self has been linked to post ABI adjustment and research has linked selfdiscrepancy to anxiety. This longitudinal study investigates the impact of affiliative and ‘self as doer’ self-categorisations anxiety. Materials and Methods: Data was collected at two time points. Fifty-three adult ABI survivors participating in post-acute community neuro-rehabilitation participated at time one and 32 of these participated at time two. Participants completed a 28-item identity questionnaire based on Leach et al.’s (2008) multicomponent model of ingroup identification which measured the strength of affiliative and self as doer identities. Anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: Analysis indicates a significant mediated relationship between affiliative identification and anx...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5886
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A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2014)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel M.; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl,...
A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2014)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel M.; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl, Robert W.; Hayes, Sara
Abstract:
Background: Exercise has consistently yielded short-term, positive effects on health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, these effects have not been maintained in the long-term. Behaviour change interventions aim to promote long-term positive lifestyle change. This study, namely, "Step it Up" will compare the effect of an exercise plus Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)-based behaviour change intervention with an exercise plus control education intervention on walking mobility among people with MS.Methods/design: People with a diagnosis of MS who walk independently, score of 0-3 on the Patient Determined Disease Steps, who have not experienced an MS relapse or change in their MS medication in the last 12 weeks and who are physically inactive will be randomised to one of two study conditions. The experimental group will undergo a 10-week exercise plus SCT-based behavioural change intervention. The control group will undergo a 10-week exercise plus education...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4416
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A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2014)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl, Ro...
A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2014)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl, Robert W; Hayes, Sara
Abstract:
Exercise has consistently yielded short-term, positive effects on health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, these effects have not been maintained in the long-term. Behaviour change interventions aim to promote long-term positive lifestyle change. This study, namely, “Step it Up” will compare the effect of an exercise plus Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)-based behaviour change intervention with an exercise plus control education intervention on walking mobility among people with MS.
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/559462
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A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2018)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl, Ro...
A randomised controlled trial of an exercise plus behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis: the step it up study protocol
(2018)
Coote, Susan; Gallagher, Stephen; Msetfi, Rachel; Larkin, Aidan; Newell, John; Motl, Robert W; Hayes, Sara
Abstract:
Background: Exercise has consistently yielded short-term, positive effects on health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, these effects have not been maintained in the long-term. Behaviour change interventions aim to promote long-term positive lifestyle change. This study, namely, "Step it Up" will compare the effect of an exercise plus Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)-based behaviour change intervention with an exercise plus control education intervention on walking mobility among people with MS. Methods/design: People with a diagnosis of MS who walk independently, score of 0-3 on the Patient Determined Disease Steps, who have not experienced an MS relapse or change in their MS medication in the last 12 weeks and who are physically inactive will be randomised to one of two study conditions. The experimental group will undergo a 10-week exercise plus SCT-based behavioural change intervention. The control group will undergo a 10-week exerci...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10904
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A randomised controlled trial of benefit finding in caregivers: the building resources in caregivers study protocol
(2015)
Brand, Charles; O'Connell, Brenda H.; Gallagher, Stephen
A randomised controlled trial of benefit finding in caregivers: the building resources in caregivers study protocol
(2015)
Brand, Charles; O'Connell, Brenda H.; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
Caregivers may engage in benefit finding, that is, an increase in perceived positive growth, as a cognitive strategy for coping with stress. The Building Resources in Caregivers study will compare effects of a brief benefit finding writing intervention with a control intervention. Caregivers of people with mental and physical disabilities will be randomised into either a benefit-writing group or a neutral writing group. Caregivers will complete measures relating to themselves and care-recipients (e.g. sociodemographics and illness type) and psychometric measures of benefit finding, distress and quality of life at three time points. Additionally, qualitative commentary on participation experiences will be gathered.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4543
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An evaluation of an intervention designed to help inactive adults become more active with a peer mentoring component: a protocol for a cluster randomised feasibility trial of the move for life programme
(2019)
O'Regan, Andrew; Glynn, Liam G.; Bengoechea, Enrique García; Casey, Monica; Cliffo...
An evaluation of an intervention designed to help inactive adults become more active with a peer mentoring component: a protocol for a cluster randomised feasibility trial of the move for life programme
(2019)
O'Regan, Andrew; Glynn, Liam G.; Bengoechea, Enrique García; Casey, Monica; Clifford, Amanda M.; Donnelly, Alan Edward; Murphy, Andrew W.; Gallagher, Stephen; Gillespie, Paddy; Newell, John; Harkin, Mary; Macken, Phelim; Sweeney, John; Foley-Walsh, Mo; Quinn, Geraldine; Ng, Kwok W.; O’Sullivan, Nollaig; Balfry, Gearoid; Woods, Catherine B.
http://hdl.handle.net.proxy.lib.ul.ie/10344/7920
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Antibody response to vaccination as a marker of in vivo immune function in psychophysiological research
(2010)
Burns, Victoria E; Gallagher, Stephen
Antibody response to vaccination as a marker of in vivo immune function in psychophysiological research
(2010)
Burns, Victoria E; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
The hunt for novel tools to investigate empirical questions is ever present in psychophysiological research. Antibody response to vaccination has received increasing attention over recent years as a useful measure of in vivo immune function. There is now considerable evidence that the magnitude of the antibody response to vaccination is associated with a wide range of psychosocial factors. Further, there are preliminary indications that manipulating psychosocial variables, using both chronic and acute interventions, can also alter the efficacy of the vaccination. This review will discuss the theoretical and clinical relevance of the vaccine model in this context, and will address key methodological considerations for researchers considering adopting this approach. The review will also address how the strategic use of this model could help researchers further elucidate some of the remaining theoretical issues.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/3069
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Building resources in caregivers: feasibility of a brief writing intervention to increase benefit finding in caregivers
(2020)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Sullivan, Liam; Hughes, Zoe; O'Connell, Brenda H.
Building resources in caregivers: feasibility of a brief writing intervention to increase benefit finding in caregivers
(2020)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Sullivan, Liam; Hughes, Zoe; O'Connell, Brenda H.
Abstract:
Health and Well-Being published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association of Applied Psychology The Building Resources in Caregivers (BRiC) is a pilot feasibility trial that compared the effects of a 2-week benefit finding writing expressive intervention to a control intervention, who wrote about the weather. Caregivers completed primary (benefit finding) and secondary (quality of life, depression and anxiety) outcome measures at pre (t1), immediately post-test (t2) and 1 month later (t3). They also completed measures relating to trial feasibility, difficulty, and acceptance. Using complete case analysis only, analysis revealed no effect of the intervention for primary or secondary outcomes. Despite this, there were no differences between the intervention and control groups on key feasibility measures. Caregivers in the control condition were less likely to recommend this to other caregivers. Moreover, qualitative commentary provided by caregivers suggest...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/8620
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Caregiving alters immunity and stress hormones: a review of recent research
(2019)
Whittaker, Anna C.; Gallagher, Stephen
Caregiving alters immunity and stress hormones: a review of recent research
(2019)
Whittaker, Anna C.; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
Older caregivers of dementia patients have been studied as a model of chronic stress influencing psychological and physical well-being and the function of the immune system. These immune decrements can relate to altered stress hormone levels, and caregivers show elevated or reduced cortisol compared to age-matched controls as well as dysregulation in other cortisol indices. Recently, this field has developed to examine a range of immune outcomes and cortisol measures in younger caregivers too, as well as other potential underlying mechanisms including genetic variation, acute stress reactivity, and inflammation. Several interventions have also been trialled to reduce the negative physical impact of caregiving stress. This paper reviews the latest developments in the field and gives suggestions for future research.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/7795
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Caregiving for children with developmental disabilities is associated with a poor antibody response to influenza vaccination
(2009)
Gallagher, Stephen; Phillips, Anna C.; Drayson, Mark T.; Carroll, Douglas
Caregiving for children with developmental disabilities is associated with a poor antibody response to influenza vaccination
(2009)
Gallagher, Stephen; Phillips, Anna C.; Drayson, Mark T.; Carroll, Douglas
Abstract:
Objective: Older spousal caregivers of dementia patients have been found to show a relatively poor antibody response to medical vaccination. The present case control study compared the antibody responses to vaccination of younger parental caregivers of children with developmental disabilities and parents of typically developing children. Methods: At baseline assessment, 32 parents of children with developmental disabilities and 29 parents of typically developing children completed standard measures of perceived stress and child problem behaviours. They also provided a blood sample and were then vaccinated with the thymus-dependent trivalent influenza vaccine. Further blood samples were taken at 1- and 6-month follow-ups. Results: Relative to parents of typically developing children (mean titre = 458, SD = 155.7 at 1-month and mean titre = 265, SD = 483.0 at 6-month followup) caregivers (mean titre = 219, SD = 528.4 at 1-month and 86, SD = 55.0 at 6- month) mounted a poorer antibody ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/3072
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Caregiving is associated with low secretion rates of immunoglobulin A in saliva
(2008)
Gallagher, Stephen; Phillips, Anna C.; Evans, Phil; Der, Geoff; Hunt, Kate; Carroll, Do...
Caregiving is associated with low secretion rates of immunoglobulin A in saliva
(2008)
Gallagher, Stephen; Phillips, Anna C.; Evans, Phil; Der, Geoff; Hunt, Kate; Carroll, Douglas
Abstract:
Although the chronic stress of caring for a sick/disabled relative has been associated with poorer immunity using a range of outcomes, its impact on secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) in saliva has yet to be examined. Three hypotheses were tested in analyses of data from a large community sample: first, caregivers would have lower S-IgA secretion rates than non-caregivers; second, the impact of caregiving on S-IgA would be particularly apparent in older participants; third, for caregivers, caregiving burden would be negatively associated with S-IgA. The sample comprised three distinct age cohorts, one young (N = 623), one middle aged (N = 639), and the other elderly (N = 582). Participants were classified as caregivers if they regularly cared for somebody other than routine childcare. Caregiving strain was measured and a caregiving burden index was then derived as the composite of the number of people being cared for, the type of care provided, and the residential status of the pers...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/3076
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Child problem behaviours are associated with obesity in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Hannigan, Ailish
Child problem behaviours are associated with obesity in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Hannigan, Ailish
Abstract:
Epidemiological evidence suggests that obesity and depression are highly co-morbid. In a national cohort study, we examined whether parents caring for children with disabilities were more likely to be classified as obese compared to parents of children without disabilities and if obesity was associated with depressive symptoms or child behaviour characteristics. Using data from the Growing Up in Ireland National Longitudinal Study of Children (2006 to date), 627 parents of children with developmental disabilities were compared with 7941 parents of typically developing children on objectively measured levels of obesity (body mass index >= 30 kg/m(2)), depression, health behaviours, chronic health conditions, socio-demographic and child behavioural characteristics. Parents of children with disabilities were more likely to be classified as obese compared to control parents (24.5% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.005, Cramer's V
ACCEPTED
peer-reviewed
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4350
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Community-based intervention to promote physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis (CIPPA-RA): a study protocol for a pilot randomised control trial
(2017)
Larkin, Louise; Gallagher, Stephen; Fraser, Alexander D.; Kennedy, Norelee
Community-based intervention to promote physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis (CIPPA-RA): a study protocol for a pilot randomised control trial
(2017)
Larkin, Louise; Gallagher, Stephen; Fraser, Alexander D.; Kennedy, Norelee
Abstract:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory condition which may cause pain, stiffness and fatigue. People who have RA have reduced levels of physical activity due to these symptoms. Interventions targeting physical activity behaviour in this population have had limited efficacy. This paper describes a protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a theory-based intervention delivered in a community setting designed to promote physical activity in people who have RA. The aim of the pilot study is to assess the impact of the intervention on moderate-intensity physical activity in people with RA. The objectives are to obtain reliable estimates regarding recruitment rates; participant retention, protocol adherence and generate potential effect size estimates to inform sample size calculations for a main trial on physical activity participation. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with a selected sample of participants to explore their experiences. Participa...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6781
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Depression and chronic health conditions in parents of children with and without developmental disabilities: the growing up in Ireland cohort study
(2014)
Gallagher, Stephen; Hannigan, Ailish
Depression and chronic health conditions in parents of children with and without developmental disabilities: the growing up in Ireland cohort study
(2014)
Gallagher, Stephen; Hannigan, Ailish
Abstract:
Epidemiological evidence suggests that poor physical health and depression are highly comorbid. To date, however, no study has considered whether depression in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities is partly driven by poor physical health. Using data from the Growing Up in Ireland national cohort study (2006 to date), 627 parents of children with developmental disabilities were compared with 7941 parents of typically developing children on scores from the Centre for Epidemiological Depression Scale, chronic health conditions, socio-demographic and child behavioural characteristics. Having a child with disabilities was associated with a higher risk of depression (odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43, 2.35) compared to parents of typically developing children. Adjusting for the presence of chronic health conditions accounted for some of this excess risk (OR = 1.77,95% Cl: 1.38, 2.27). The association between having a child with disabilities ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4354
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Determinants of older adults’ intentions to vaccinate against influenza: a theoretical application
(2006)
Gallagher, Stephen; Povey, Rachel
Determinants of older adults’ intentions to vaccinate against influenza: a theoretical application
(2006)
Gallagher, Stephen; Povey, Rachel
Abstract:
Background Despite many government initiatives, uptake of the trivalent influenza vaccine among the older adult population still remains suboptimal. If immunization rates are to be optimized, new approaches for identifying the determinants that facilitate or inhibit influenza vaccination decision making in this population are necessary. Methods An extension of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) provided the theoretical framework for the development of a multi-item questionnaire. One hundred and ninety-three white, independent living and city dwelling men (n =77) and women (n = 116), completed the measure. The main outcomes of interest were future vaccination intentions. Results Overall, the TPB predicted 48.2% of older adults’ intentions to vaccinate next influenza season. Receiving the vaccine in the past and anticipating feelings of regret (the impact of missing a vaccination opportunity) contributed to increments of 10.7 and 13.7%, respectively, in explaining this intentional ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/585
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Developing a recovery college: a preliminary exercise in establishing regional readiness and community needs
(2016)
Kelly, Joy; Gallagher, Stephen; McMahon, Jennifer
Developing a recovery college: a preliminary exercise in establishing regional readiness and community needs
(2016)
Kelly, Joy; Gallagher, Stephen; McMahon, Jennifer
Abstract:
Background: Recovery orientated intervention has experienced a paradigm shift towards stakeholder training and education within recovery colleges. Such colleges are typicallyunderpinned by a culture of emancipatory education that aims to facilitate recovery through educational choice.Aims: The study aims to establish regional readiness for a recovery college. Specifically, we aim to uncover key stakeholder attitudes towards recovery, outline a contextual conceptualization of recovery and show how inductive, community-based research can incorporate stakeholderviews with core fidelity markers of a recovery college.Method: A mixed methods approach, specifically a cross-sectional survey, was adopted tointersect quantitative scales of stakeholder attitudes and qualitative assessment of recovery concepts and community needs.Results: Stakeholders recovery attitudes were positive overall with some variation between participant groups. Concepts of recovery were developing independent abilit...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6299
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Differential hemodynamic effects during the provision of active and passive support in the laboratory
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Howard, Siobhán; Heffernan, Marese
Differential hemodynamic effects during the provision of active and passive support in the laboratory
(2015)
Gallagher, Stephen; Howard, Siobhán; Heffernan, Marese
Abstract:
Objective: Recent research has pointed to the cardiovascular benefits of providing social support to others in times of stress; however, little is known about what factors influence such benefits.Design and measures: In a between-groups design, we investigated the possible interaction between intimacy (friend vs. stranger) and support type (active vs. passive) in determining the cardiovascular responses of support providers. Eighty participants had their blood pressure and heart rate monitored while providing either active or passive social support to a friend or a stranger who completed a stress task.Results: Although there was no interaction effect, a significant main effect showed that those who provided passive support showed larger decreases relative to those in the active support condition. There was no effect of intimacy. Further, these effects withstood adjustment for a number of potential confounds (e.g. sex and body mass index).Conclusion: It appears that the greatest phys...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/7796
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Effect of exercising at minimum recommendations of the multiple sclerosis exercise guideline combined with structured education or attention control education – secondary results of the step it up randomised controlled trial
(2017)
Coote, Susan; Uszynski, Marcin Kacper; Herring, Matthew P.; Hayes, Sara; Scarrott, Carl...
Effect of exercising at minimum recommendations of the multiple sclerosis exercise guideline combined with structured education or attention control education – secondary results of the step it up randomised controlled trial
(2017)
Coote, Susan; Uszynski, Marcin Kacper; Herring, Matthew P.; Hayes, Sara; Scarrott, Carl; Newell, John; Gallagher, Stephen; Larkin, Aidan; Motl, Robert W.
Abstract:
Background: Recent exercise guidelines for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) recommend a minimum of 30 min moderate intensity aerobic exercise and resistance exercise twice per week. This trial compared the secondary outcomes of a combined 10-week guideline based intervention and a Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) education programme with the same exercise intervention involving an attention control education. Methods: Physically inactive people with MS, scoring 0–3 on Patient Determined Disease Steps Scale, with no MS relapse or change in MS medication, were randomised to 10-week exercise plus SCT education or exercise plus attention control education conditions. Outcomes included fatigue, depression, anxiety, strength, physical activity, SCT constructs and impact of MS and were measured by a blinded assessor pre and post-intervention and 3 and 6 month follow up. Results: One hundred and seventy-four expressed interest, 92 were eligible and 65 enrolled. Using linear mixed effects mo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5881
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Effect of exercising at minimum recommendations of the multiple sclerosis exercise guideline combined with structured education or attention control education – secondary results of the step it up randomised controlled trial
(2018)
Coote, Susan; Uszynski, Marcin; Herring, Matthew P.; Hayes, Sara; Scarrott, Carl; Newel...
Effect of exercising at minimum recommendations of the multiple sclerosis exercise guideline combined with structured education or attention control education – secondary results of the step it up randomised controlled trial
(2018)
Coote, Susan; Uszynski, Marcin; Herring, Matthew P.; Hayes, Sara; Scarrott, Carl; Newell, John; Gallagher, Stephen; Larkin, Aidan; Motl, Robert W
Abstract:
Background: Recent exercise guidelines for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) recommend a minimum of 30 min moderate intensity aerobic exercise and resistance exercise twice per week. This trial compared the secondary outcomes of a combined 10-week guideline based intervention and a Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) education programme with the same exercise intervention involving an attention control education. Methods: Physically inactive people with MS, scoring 0-3 on Patient Determined Disease Steps Scale, with no MS relapse or change in MS medication, were randomised to 10-week exercise plus SCT education or exercise plus attention control education conditions. Outcomes included fatigue, depression, anxiety, strength, physical activity, SCT constructs and impact of MS and were measured by a blinded assessor pre and post-intervention and 3 and 6 month follow up. Results: One hundred and seventy-four expressed interest, 92 were eligible and 65 enrolled. Using linear mixed effects mo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10906
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Enhancing social relationships through positive psychology activities: a randomised controlled trial
(2015)
O'Connell, Brenda H.; O'Shea, Deirdre; Gallagher, Stephen
Enhancing social relationships through positive psychology activities: a randomised controlled trial
(2015)
O'Connell, Brenda H.; O'Shea, Deirdre; Gallagher, Stephen
Abstract:
Despite the robust relationship between well-being and social relationships, the latter has received little examination within positive psychology activities (PPAs). This study aimed to test whether kindness- and gratitude-based PPAs, through positive social interaction with peers, enhanced relationship satisfaction. Using a longitudinal randomised controlled design, 225 participants were assigned to one of three conditions (relationship-focused, self-focused or control) and completed measures of relationship satisfaction, social support and happiness on three occasions (baseline, post-intervention and six weeks). The experimental PPAs were relationship-focused (involving social interaction) or self-focused (no social interaction). Those who completed relationship-focused PPAs had greater increases in relationship satisfaction than the self-focused and active control activities at six-week follow-up. Additionally, only those in the relationship-focused condition felt their existing ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4801
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Evaluating personality as a moderator of the association between life events stress and cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress
(2018)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Riordan, Adam; McMahon, Grace; Creaven, Ann-Marie
Evaluating personality as a moderator of the association between life events stress and cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress
(2018)
Gallagher, Stephen; O'Riordan, Adam; McMahon, Grace; Creaven, Ann-Marie
Abstract:
The present study investigated the possible interaction between life events stress and personality in predicting cardiovascular stress responses. Participants (N = 184) completed psychometric measures of life event stress and personality styles and had cardiovascular responses monitored during a standardised stress testing protocol. In adjusted models, the observed blunted association between life event stress and SBP and DBP was moderated by openness; this was more evident at −1SD below the mean openness value. Further, the association between life event stress and TPR vascular resistance was found to be moderated by conscientiousness. In particular, we found conscientiousness at both the mean and 1SD above the mean buffered against the negative impact of life stress on TPR reactivity. The findings are discussed in relation to theory and future directions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6704
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