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Author = Madden, David (David Patrick);
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 70 on page 1 of 3
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A comparison of poverty and welfare measures
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A comparison of poverty and welfare measures
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
The relatively widespread use of poverty measures is analysed and their properties compared with other definitions of welfare. Using a synthetic data set but one which shares some properties of the Irish income distribution of 1987, a number of changes in incomes are simulated and their impact upon a variety of poverty and welfare measures is analysed. It is argued that abbreviated welfare measures may summarise better what it is that concerns economists about poverty than do conventional poverty measures.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/759
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A formal investigation of inequalities in health behaviours after age 50 on the Island of Ireland
(2014)
Hudson, Eibhlin; Mosca, Irene; Madden, David (David Patrick)
A formal investigation of inequalities in health behaviours after age 50 on the Island of Ireland
(2014)
Hudson, Eibhlin; Mosca, Irene; Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
Smoking, low physical activity and frequent alcohol consumption may have substantial health risks in terms of disease, quality of life and mortality. Understanding inequality in relation to these behaviours among older people is important in the context of a rapidly ageing population. In this study, we examine income-related inequality in relation to these three key health behaviours using data on older adults from both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. We employ concentration indices and decompose them to determine the factors which contribute most to inequality. We then examine whether differences exist between the two regions. We find that smoking and low physical activity are more concentrated among those with lower incomes in both regions. In relation to physical activity, the magnitude of the inequality is higher for Northern Ireland. Frequent alcohol consumption is more concentrated among those with higher incomes in both regions. Self-assessed health and age t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5397
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A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper provides a new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland, incorporating a variety of different consumer demand models. Own-price and expenditure elasticities are presented and tests of the propositions implied by utility-maximisation are carried out, including the use of small-sample corrections. The results obtained show reasonable agreement across the different deterministic models but stochastic specification appears to be of crucial importance both for plausibility of estimates obtained and for rejection or non-rejection implied by utility-maximisation.
Foundation for Fiscal Studies
A hard copy is available in UCD Library at GEN 330.08 IR/UNI
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1684
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Mark
A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/797
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Mark
A profile of obesity in Ireland, 2002-2007
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A profile of obesity in Ireland, 2002-2007
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
Using the nationally representative Slan dataset we take a number of approaches to profile the change in obesity in Ireland over the 2002-2007 period. There is no evidence of either first or second order stochastic dominance between the two years. There is evidence that obesity and overweight are relatively more concentrated amongst males, the old and those with lower educational achievement. While obesity rose slightly over the period this was due to a rise in the average level of body mass index rather than a change in the shape of the distribution. Finally a semi-parametric decomposition of the change in the distribution over time indicates that the change in obesity arose not because of changes in population characteristics but rather the in the impact of these characteristics on body mass index.
Not applicable
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2636
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A review of recent research into poverty in Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A review of recent research into poverty in Ireland
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/770
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A review of recent research into trends in poverty
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A review of recent research into trends in poverty
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/790
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An analysis of indirect tax reform in Ireland in the 1980s
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
An analysis of indirect tax reform in Ireland in the 1980s
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper applies the Ahmad-Stern model of indirect tax reform to the Irish economy for two different years, 1980 and 1987. It introduces a modification to the traditional marginal social cost measure used in these studies, identify welfare-improving, revenue-neutral tax changes at the margin and examines their sensitivity to such issues as inequality aversion and consumer preferences. It also estimates the implied degree of inequality aversion for Ireland for these two years. Results suggest that the government's social welfare function, as implied by the indirect tax system, has become less inequality averse.
A hard copy is available in UCD Library at GEN 330.08 IR/UNI
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1729
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An analysis of mental stress in Ireland, 1994-2000
(2007)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
An analysis of mental stress in Ireland, 1994-2000
(2007)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
The General Health Questionnair(GHQ) is frequently used as a measure of mental well-being with those people with values below a certain threshold regarded as suffering from mental stress. Comparison of mental stress levels across populations may then be sensitive to the chosen threshold. This paper uses stochastic dominance techniques to show that mental stress fell in Ireland over the 1994 to 2000 period regardless of the threshold chosen. Decomposition techniques suggest that changes in the proportion unemployed and in the protective effect of income, education and marital status upon mental health were the principal factors underlying this fall.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/45
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BMI Mobility and Obesity Transitions Among Children in Ireland
(2019)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
BMI Mobility and Obesity Transitions Among Children in Ireland
(2019)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper examines mobility and changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) for a sample of Irish children across three waves of the longitudinal Growing Up in Ireland dataset. Particular attention is paid to transitions across the key BMI thresholds of overweight and obesity. Analysis is carried out by gender and by maternal education. In general, the degree of mobility appears to be relatively limited although it is greater than for the mothers of the children over the same time period. There is relatively little variation by gender and maternal education apart from some indication of less mobility out of obesity for girls.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11089
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Body Mass Index and the measurement of obesity
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Body Mass Index and the measurement of obesity
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper proposes a new method of measuring obesity using Body Mass Index (BMI) data. Conventional measures which simply count the number of individuals with BMI in excess of an upper limit ignore the extent by which individuals exceed BMI limits and also the increased risk ratios for various conditions associated very high levels of BMI. This paper suggests that measures currently used in the poverty literature can be usefully applied to measure obesity and provide us with measures which may be more relevant from a policy perspective. The approach is applied to data for Ireland.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/782
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Born to win? The role of circumstances and luck in early childhood health inequalities
(2013)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Born to win? The role of circumstances and luck in early childhood health inequalities
(2013)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper measures the degree of inequality of opportunity in birthweight and birthlength for a sample of Irish infants. The sample is partitioned into eight types by mothers’ education and mothers’ smoking status. Stochastic dominance tests reveal the presence of inequality of opportunity but its fraction of total inequality is comparatively small at 1-2%, with the remainder of inequality assigned to random, unobserved factors. These results are robust to finer partitioning of the population and to re-definition of types’ opportunity sets which gives greater weight to inequality at the lower end of the distribution. Analysis of the incidence of low birthweight and short birthlength using measures from the poverty and segregation literature also reveal that incidence is not uniform across type and is consistent with the presence of inequality of opportunity.
Not applicable
kpw22/10/13
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/4798
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Bridging the Gaps: Inequalities in Childrens' Educational Outcomes in Ireland
(2014)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Bridging the Gaps: Inequalities in Childrens' Educational Outcomes in Ireland
(2014)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
Recent developments in the inequality literature has stressed the importance of inequality of opportunity as opposed to inequality of outcome. In this paper we investigate the presence of ex post inequality of opportunity in two measures of educational achievement for a representative sample of Irish 9 year olds. Students are partitioned into four groups according to maternal education levels and gaps in outcomes are calculated between each group. Quantile decompositions of the pairwise gaps reveal that almost half of the gaps can be explained by differences in characteristics between the groups Detailed decompositions show consistently significant effects for income, number of childrens' books in the home and maternal age.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6210
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Can we infer external effects from a study of the Irish indirect tax system?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Can we infer external effects from a study of the Irish indirect tax system?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
A hard copy is available in UCD Library at GEN 330.08 IR/UNI
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1680
Marked
Mark
Can we infer external effects from a study of the Irish indirect tax system?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Can we infer external effects from a study of the Irish indirect tax system?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/796
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Mark
Changes in BMI in a Cohort of Irish Children: Some Decompositions and Counterfactuals
(2018)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Changes in BMI in a Cohort of Irish Children: Some Decompositions and Counterfactuals
(2018)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper examines the change in body mass index for a cohort of Irish children as they aged from 9 to 13 and decomposes the change into parts attributable to changes in observable characteristics and changes in returns to observable characteristics. The decomposition is carried out over the whole of the distribution, with a particular focus on the upper percentiles and a number of different decomposition techniques are applied and compared. The overall increase in BMI at higher percentiles is modest and is over-explained by the change in characteristics and is not sensitive to the adopted technique. The paper also carries out a number of partial equilibrium counterfactuals examining the impact of non-marginal changes in variables such as exercise and maternal education. The impact of these counterfactuals is limited.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9443
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Child and Adolescent Obesity in Ireland: A Longitudinal Perspective
(2016)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Child and Adolescent Obesity in Ireland: A Longitudinal Perspective
(2016)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper examines developments in childhood and adolescent obesity in Ireland using two waves of the Growing Up in Ireland survey. Obesity appears to level off between the two waves though there is tentative evidence that the socioeconomic gradient, measured with respect to maternal education and family income, becomes steeper. Exploiting the longitudinal nature of the data, transitions into and out of obesity are examined, with higher rates of transition into obesity observed for those whose mothers have the lowest level of education. Decomposition of the concentration index with respect to income reveals a greater role for income related obesity mobility rather than obesity related income mobility.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7858
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Childhood Obesity and Maternal Education in Ireland
(2016)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Childhood Obesity and Maternal Education in Ireland
(2016)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper analyses the socioeconomic gradient of chilidhood obesity in Ireland using the Growing Up in Ireland data with three innovations compared to previous work in the area. A different measure of socioeconomic status, maternal education, is employed. In addition, the depth and severity of obesity are examined as well as the incidence. Finally, the use of two waves of longitudinal data permits the analysis of the persistence of obesity. Results show that overall childhood obesity stabilised between the two waves. However the socioeconomic gradient becomes steeper in wave 2 for girls and in particular when depth, severity and persistence of obesity are accounted for. Girls whose mothers fail to complete secondary education are shown to be at a particular disadvantage.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/8127
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Concentration curves, inequality and tax reform
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Concentration curves, inequality and tax reform
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper applies the concept of welfare dominance using concentration curves to household data for Ireland. It identifies marginal tax reforms which would be welfare-enhancing for all social welfare functions satisfying weak restrictions. It also examines cases where stronger restrictions need to be imposed on the social welfare function to yield dominance. These stronger restrictions which we label limited third degree stochastic dominance extends the range of welfare-enhancing marginal tax reforms.
A hard copy is available in UCD Library at GEN 330.08 IR/UNI
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/781
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Conditional demands and marginal tax reform
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Conditional demands and marginal tax reform
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper examines Irish demand patterns using conditional demand functions. This overcomes the problems faced by traditional demand analysis which neglects the influence of labour supply and thus assumes weak separability. The conditional approach allows for more exact tests of weak separability using more flexible functional forms than is possible when estimating an unconditional commodity demand–labour supply model. The impact of the conditioned demand responses and the relaxation of weak separability on measures of marginal tax reform is examined.
Foundation for Fiscal Studies
HCM Network on the Microeconometrics of Public Policy Grant 930225
A hard copy is available in UCD Library at GEN 330.08 IR/UNI
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1741
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Mark
Distributional characteristics for Ireland : a note
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Distributional characteristics for Ireland : a note
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
The distributional characteristic is a measure which can be used in many applications in social cost-benefit analysis. In the application here, the distributional characteristics of a number of broad aggregates of goods are calculated for Ireland. These calculations can aid in assessing the distributional implications of price and tax changes.
Not applicable
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2607
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Do Schooling Reforms Also Improve Long-Run Health?
(2015)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Do Schooling Reforms Also Improve Long-Run Health?
(2015)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
An association between health and education has been well-established empirically. It is not clear however whether this represents a causal effect and, if so, in which direction. Recent research has attempted to unravel this by using educational reforms, such as compulsory schooling laws, as exogenous sources of variation in education and examining their long-run effects on a variety of health outcomes. When proper account is taken of age, cohort, and state specific effects, it is difficult to establish a credible causal link from educational reforms which affect the quantity of education to health. Thus the balance of research so far suggests that it would be imprudent to assign a causal effect from educational reforms to long-run health.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7258
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Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A discrete choice approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A discrete choice approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper uses a discrete choice approach to investigate factors influencing starting and quitting smoking, in particular the role of tobacco taxes. Standard probit analysis is applied to both starting and quitting. Tobacco taxes appear to exert a negative influence over decisions to start smoking, but their effect on quitting smoking is less clearcut.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/777
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Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A duration analysis approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A duration analysis approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper uses duration analysis to investigate factors influencing starting and quitting smoking, in particular the role of tobacco taxes. Applying a variety of parametric duration models, including a split population model, to a sample of Irish women, it finds mixed results regarding the effect of tobacco taxes. In general the coefficient on tobacco taxes is in the expected direction but in some cases statistical significance is low. The paper finds among other factors education, health knowledge and marital status to be most important with very little role for advertising bans.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/762
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Doctors’ fees in Ireland following the change in reimbursement : did they jump
(2008)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Doctors’ fees in Ireland following the change in reimbursement : did they jump
(2008)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper analyses the pure time-series properties of doctors’ fees in Ireland to assess whether a structural change in the series is observed at the time of the change in reimbursement in 1989. Such a break would be consistent with doctors responding to the reimbursement change in a manner predicted by supplier-induced-demand behaviour and would provide indirect evidence that such inducement had taken place. Structural change is assessed on the basis of CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests. The data is also analysed for the presence of unusually influential observations. In neither case are the results consistent with a break around the time of the introduction of the change.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/598
Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 70 on page 1 of 3
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