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Author = Mulcahy, Grace;
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Displaying Results 1 - 14 of 14 on page 1 of 1
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A differential interplay between the expression of Th1/Th2/Treg related cytokine genes in Teladorsagia circumcincta infected DRB1*1101 carrier lambs
(2012)
Hassan, Musa; Hanrahan, James P; Good, Barbara; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
A differential interplay between the expression of Th1/Th2/Treg related cytokine genes in Teladorsagia circumcincta infected DRB1*1101 carrier lambs
(2012)
Hassan, Musa; Hanrahan, James P; Good, Barbara; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
Abstract:
Substantial debate exists on whether the immune response between sheep resistant and susceptible to gastrointestinal nematodes can be differentiated into a Th1 and Th2 phenotype. The present study addresses the hypothesis that variation in resistance to Teladorsagia circumcincta between DRB1*1101 (associated with reduced faecal egg count and worm burden) carriers and non-carriers is due to a differential interplay in the expression of Th1/Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) related cytokine genes. Lambs from each genotype were either slaughtered at day 0 (un-infected control) or infected with 3 × 104 Teladorsagia circumcincta L3 and slaughtered at 3, 7, 21, and 35 days later. Lambs carrying the DRB1*1101 allele had a significantly lower worm burden (P < 0.05) compared to the non-carriers. Abomasal mucosal cytokine gene expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and comparison made for time and genotype effects. The response generated varied through the course of infection and...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/227
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A differential interplay between the expression of th1/th2/treg related cytokine genes in teladorsagia circumcincta infected drb1*1101 carrier lambs
(2018)
Hassan, Musa; Hanrahan, James P; Good, Barbara; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
A differential interplay between the expression of th1/th2/treg related cytokine genes in teladorsagia circumcincta infected drb1*1101 carrier lambs
(2018)
Hassan, Musa; Hanrahan, James P; Good, Barbara; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
Abstract:
Substantial debate exists on whether the immune response between sheep resistant and susceptible to gastrointestinal nematodes can be differentiated into a Th1 and Th2 phenotype. The present study addresses the hypothesis that variation in resistance to Teladorsagia circumcincta between DRB1*1101 (associated with reduced faecal egg count and worm burden) carriers and non-carriers is due to a differential interplay in the expression of Th1/Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) related cytokine genes. Lambs from each genotype were either slaughtered at day 0 (un-infected control) or infected with 3 x 104 Teladorsagia circumcincta L3 and slaughtered at 3, 7, 21, and 35 days later. Lambs carrying the DRB1*1101 allele had a significantly lower worm burden (P &lt; 0.05) compared to the non-carriers. Abomasal mucosal cytokine gene expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and comparison made for time and genotype effects. The response generated varied through the course of infec...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11839
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Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Higgs, Rowan; Gaines, Susan; Tierney, Joanna; James, Tharappel; Lloyd, ...
Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Higgs, Rowan; Gaines, Susan; Tierney, Joanna; James, Tharappel; Lloyd, Andrew T.; Fares, Mario A.; Mulcahy, Grace; O'Farrelly, Cliona
Abstract:
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteins' predicted to be encoded by these EST clusters for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites primarily in the mature AMP that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implicatio...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/319/
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Comparison of diagnostic techniques for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in animal samples
(2016)
Mirhashemi, Marzieh Ezzaty; Zintl, Annetta; Grant, Tim; Lucy, Frances E.; Mulcahy, Grac...
Comparison of diagnostic techniques for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in animal samples
(2016)
Mirhashemi, Marzieh Ezzaty; Zintl, Annetta; Grant, Tim; Lucy, Frances E.; Mulcahy, Grace; De Waal, Theo
Abstract:
While a large number of laboratory methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in faecal samples are now available, their efficacy for identifying asymptomatic cases of cryptosporidiosis is poorly understood. This study was carried out to determine a reliable screening test for epidemiological studies in livestock. In addition, three molecular tests were compared to identify Cryptosporidium species responsible for the infection in cattle, sheep and horses. A variety of diagnostic tests including microscopic (Kinyoun's staining), immunological (Direct Fluorescence Antibody tests or DFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and molecular methods (nested PCR) were compared to assess their ability to detect Cryptosporidium in cattle, horse and sheep faecal samples. The results indicate that the sensitivity and specificity of each test is highly dependent on the input samples; while Kinyoun's and DFAT proved to be reliable screening tools for cattle samples, DF...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/8083
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Determining the Prevalence and Seasonality of Fasciola hepatica in Pasture-based Dairy herds in Ireland using a Bulk Tank Milk ELISA
(2015)
Bloemhoff, Yris; Forbes, Andrew; Danaher, Martin; Good, Barbara; Morgan, Eric; Mulcahy,...
Determining the Prevalence and Seasonality of Fasciola hepatica in Pasture-based Dairy herds in Ireland using a Bulk Tank Milk ELISA
(2015)
Bloemhoff, Yris; Forbes, Andrew; Danaher, Martin; Good, Barbara; Morgan, Eric; Mulcahy, Grace; Sekiya, Mary; Sayers, Riona
Abstract:
This study was financed by both the Irish dairy levy and Merial.
Background Fasciola hepatica is a helminth parasite of global importance in livestock, with major economic impact. However information on F. hepatica infections in Irish pasture-based dairy herds is limited. Therefore this study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence, seasonality and management factors associated with F. hepatica. A total of 319 Irish dairy herds were selected for this study. Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected from 290 dairy farms on a quarter year basis, while from a further 29 dairy farms BTM samples were collected on a monthly basis to provide a more detailed pattern of F. hepatica exposure in Irish herds. BTM samples were analysed using a commercially available F. hepatica antibody detection ELISA. Furthermore, within-herd prevalence of F. hepatica was assessed in a subset of these 29 herds (n = 17); both individual serum samples and bulk tank milk samples we...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/884
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Determining the prevalence and seasonality of fasciola hepatica in pasture-based dairy herds in ireland using a bulk tank milk elisa
(2018)
Bloemhoff, Yris; Forbes, Andrew; Danaher, Martin; Good, Barbara; Morgan, Eric; Mulcahy,...
Determining the prevalence and seasonality of fasciola hepatica in pasture-based dairy herds in ireland using a bulk tank milk elisa
(2018)
Bloemhoff, Yris; Forbes, Andrew; Danaher, Martin; Good, Barbara; Morgan, Eric; Mulcahy, Grace; Sekiya, Mary; Sayers, Ríona
Abstract:
Background: Fasciola hepatica is a helminth parasite of global importance in livestock, with major economic impact. However information on F. hepatica infections in Irish pasture-based dairy herds is limited. Therefore this study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence, seasonality and management factors associated with F. hepatica. A total of 319 Irish dairy herds were selected for this study. Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected from 290 dairy farms on a quarter year basis, while from a further 29 dairy farms BTM samples were collected on a monthly basis to provide a more detailed pattern of F. hepatica exposure in Irish herds. BTM samples were analysed using a commercially available F. hepatica antibody detection ELISA. Furthermore, within-herd prevalence of F. hepatica was assessed in a subset of these 29 herds (n = 17); both individual serum samples and bulk tank milk samples were collected. Results: A within-herd prevalence of = 50 % was found for herds with ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10461
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Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L-like proteases: biology, function, and potential in the development of first generation liver fluke vaccines
(2003)
Dalton, John P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Stack, Colin M.; Collins, Peter R.; Walshe, A...
Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L-like proteases: biology, function, and potential in the development of first generation liver fluke vaccines
(2003)
Dalton, John P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Stack, Colin M.; Collins, Peter R.; Walshe, Alan; Sekiya, Mary; Doyle, Sean; Mulcahy, Grace; Hoyle, Deborah; Khaznadji, Eric; Moire, Nathalie; Brennan, Gerard; Mousley, Angela; Kreshchenko, Natalia; Maule, Aaron G.; Donnelly, Sheila M.
Abstract:
Fasciola hepatica secretes cathepsin L proteases that facilitate the penetration of the parasite through the tissues of its host, and also participate in functions such as feeding and immune evasion. The major proteases, cathepsin L1 (FheCL1) and cathepsin L2 (FheCL2) are members of a lineage that gave rise to the human cathepsin Ls, Ks and Ss, but while they exhibit similarities in their substrate specificities to these enzymes they differ in having a wider pH range for activity and an enhanced stability at neutral pH. There are presently 13 Fasciola cathepsin L cDNAs deposited in the public databases representing a gene family of at least seven distinct members, although the temporal and spatial expression of each of these members in the developmental stage of F. hepatica remains unclear. Immunolocalisation and in situ hybridisation studies, using antibody and DNA probes, respectively, show that the vast majority of cathepsin L gene expression is carried out in the epithelial cell...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/7404/
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Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2018)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2018)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Abstract:
Gastrointestinal parasitism is a widely recognised problem in sheep production, particularly for lambs. While anthelmintics have a pivotal role in controlling the effects of parasites, there is a paucity of data on how farmers use anthelmintics. A representative sample of Irish lowland farmers were surveyed regarding their parasite control practices and risk factors that may contribute to the development of anthelmintic resistance. Questionnaires were distributed to 166 lowland Irish sheep producers. The vast majority of respondents treated their sheep with anthelmintics. Lambs were the cohort treated most frequently, the majority of farmers followed a set programme as opposed to treating at sign of disease. A substantial proportion (61%) administered four or more treatments to lambs in a 'normal' year. Departures from best practice in anthelmintic administration that would encourage the development of anthelmintic resistance were observed. In conclusion, in the light of a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13427
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Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in Ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2012)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in Ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2012)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Abstract:
Gastrointestinal parasitism is a widely recognised problem in sheep production, particularly for lambs. While anthelmintics have a pivotal role in controlling the effects of parasites, there is a paucity of data on how farmers use anthelmintics. A representative sample of Irish lowland farmers were surveyed regarding their parasite control practices and risk factors that may contribute to the development of anthelmintic resistance. Questionnaires were distributed to 166 lowland Irish sheep producers. The vast majority of respondents treated their sheep with anthelmintics. Lambs were the cohort treated most frequently, the majority of farmers followed a set programme as opposed to treating at sign of disease. A substantial proportion (61%) administered four or more treatments to lambs in a 'normal' year. Departures from best practice in anthelmintic administration that would encourage the development of anthelmintic resistance were observed. In conclusion, in the light of a...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/284
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Rumen fluke in Irish sheep: prevalence, risk factors and molecular identification of two paramphistome species
(2016)
Martinez-Ibeas, Ana M; Munita, Maria P; Lawlor, Kim; Sekiya, Mary; Mulcahy, Grace; Saye...
Rumen fluke in Irish sheep: prevalence, risk factors and molecular identification of two paramphistome species
(2016)
Martinez-Ibeas, Ana M; Munita, Maria P; Lawlor, Kim; Sekiya, Mary; Mulcahy, Grace; Sayers, Riona
Abstract:
Background Rumen flukes are trematode parasites found globally; in tropical and sub-tropical climates, infection can result in paramphistomosis, which can have a deleterious impact on livestock. In Europe, rumen fluke is not regarded as a clinically significant parasite, recently however, the prevalence of rumen fluke has sharply increased and several outbreaks of clinical paramphistomosis have been reported. Gaining a better understanding of rumen fluke transmission and identification of risk factors is crucial to improve the control of this parasitic disease. In this regard, a national prevalence study of rumen fluke infection and an investigation of associated risk factors were conducted in Irish sheep flocks between November 2014 and January 2015. In addition, a molecular identification of the rumen fluke species present in Ireland was carried out using an isolation method of individual eggs from faecal material coupled with a PCR. After the DNA extraction of 54 ...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1046
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Spatial patterns of Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi infections in ruminants in Ireland and modelling of C. daubneyi infection
(2018)
Naranjo-Lucena, Amalia; Munita, Maria P; Martinez-Ibeas, Ana M; McGrath, Guy; Murray, G...
Spatial patterns of Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi infections in ruminants in Ireland and modelling of C. daubneyi infection
(2018)
Naranjo-Lucena, Amalia; Munita, Maria P; Martinez-Ibeas, Ana M; McGrath, Guy; Murray, Gerard; Casey, Micheal; Good, Barbara; Sayers, Riona; Mulcahy, Grace; Zintl, Annetta
Abstract:
Background Fasciola hepatica has always represented a threat to Irish livestock because the Irish climate is highly suitable for the main local intermediate host of the parasite, the snail Galba truncatula. The recent clinical emergence of infections due to Calicophoron daubneyi has raised the question of whether the two parasites, which share a niche during part of their life-cycles, interact in some way. Here, we used geographical information systems (GIS) to analyse the distribution of both parasites in cattle and sheep. We also developed the first predictive model of paramphistomosis in Ireland. Results Our results indicated that, in cattle, liver fluke infection is less common than rumen fluke infection and does not exhibit the same seasonal fluctuations. Overall, we found that cattle had a higher likelihood of being infected with rumen fluke than sheep (OR = 3.134, P < 0.01). In addition, infectio...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1602
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The dynamic influence of the DRB1*1101 allele on the resistance of sheep to experimental Teladorsagia circumcincta infection
(2012)
Hassan, Musa; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Campion, Deirdre P; Sayers, Gearoid; Mu...
The dynamic influence of the DRB1*1101 allele on the resistance of sheep to experimental Teladorsagia circumcincta infection
(2012)
Hassan, Musa; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Campion, Deirdre P; Sayers, Gearoid; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
Abstract:
Suffolk sheep carrying the DRB1*1101 (previously referred to as-DRB1*0203 or G2) allele have been reported to show increased resistance to natural Teladorsagia circumcincta infection compared to non-carriers. The objective of this study was to compare the biochemical and physiological responses of DRB1*1101 carrier and non-carrier twin lambs to an experimental infection with 3 × 104 L3 Teladorsagia circumcincta. The variables studied included worm burden, faecal egg count, abomasal mast cells, IgA, IgE, IgG1 plus IgG2 and haematological parameters at 0, 3, 7, 21 and 35 days post infection (dpi), and duodenal smooth muscle contractility at 0 and 35 dpi. DRB1*1101 carrier lambs had significantly lower worm burden, higher mast cell and plasma platelet counts than the DRB1*1101 non-carriers (P < 0.05). Before infection, the non-carrier lambs exhibited significantly higher mucosal levels of all antibody isotypes measured compared to the carriers; these levels remained relatively stabl...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/228
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The dynamic influence of the drb1*1101 allele on the resistance of sheep to experimental teladorsagia circumcincta infection
(2018)
Hassan, Musa; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Campion, Deirdre; Sayers, Gearoid; Mulc...
The dynamic influence of the drb1*1101 allele on the resistance of sheep to experimental teladorsagia circumcincta infection
(2018)
Hassan, Musa; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Campion, Deirdre; Sayers, Gearoid; Mulcahy, Grace; Sweeney, Torres
Abstract:
Suffolk sheep carrying the DRB1*1101 (previously referred to as DRB1*0203 or G2) allele have been reported to show increased resistance to natural Teladorsagia circumcincta infection compared to non-carriers. The objective of this study was to compare the biochemical and physiological responses of DRB1*1101 carrier and non-carrier twin lambs to an experimental infection with 3 x 10(4) L3 Teladorsagia circumcincta. The variables studied included worm burden, faecal egg count, abomasal mast cells, IgA, IgE, IgG1 plus IgG2 and haematological parameters at 0, 3, 7, 21 and 35 days post infection (dpi), and duodenal smooth muscle contractility at 0 and 35 dpi. DRB1*1101 carrier lambs had significantly lower worm burden, higher mast cell and plasma platelet counts than the DRB1*1101 non-carriers (P &lt; 0.05). Before infection, the non-carrier lambs exhibited significantly higher mucosal levels of all antibody isotypes measured compared to the carriers; these levels remained relati...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11838
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UCD Access Symposium Proceedings 2017
(2019)
Kelly, Anna M.; Mulcahy, Grace
UCD Access Symposium Proceedings 2017
(2019)
Kelly, Anna M.; Mulcahy, Grace
Abstract:
UCD Access Symposium, University College Dublin, Ireland, 9 June 2017
The UCD Access Symposium was held in University College Dublin on June 9th 2017. These Symposium Proceedings are part of a series chronicling UCD's journey to becoming a diverse and inclusive scholarly community. The aim of this publication is to contribute to the scholarship and practice of inclusion, and help advance the integration of access and widening participation into everyday life in higher education. This Symposium Proceedings is laid out in 6 sections. The keynote address by Professor, Diane Reay, University of Cambridge, focuses on efforts to widening access and participation in the UK and explored why it has not resulted in a more socially just HE system. Inclusive Practice in UCD features the book review by Professor Lizbeth Goodman, UCD. UCD Community Outreach showcases three examples of outreach and engagement practice, while Mainstream Academic Support describes four creative examples of ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9818
Displaying Results 1 - 14 of 14 on page 1 of 1
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Maynooth University (2)
NUI Galway (4)
Teagasc (6)
University College Dublin (2)
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