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Subject = Adherence;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 58 on page 1 of 3
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A Method to Calculate Adherence to Inhaled Therapy That Reflects the Changes in Clinical Features of Asthma.
(2016)
Sulaiman, Imran; Seheult, Jansen; MacHale, Elaine; Boland, Fiona; O'Dwyer, Susan M...
A Method to Calculate Adherence to Inhaled Therapy That Reflects the Changes in Clinical Features of Asthma.
(2016)
Sulaiman, Imran; Seheult, Jansen; MacHale, Elaine; Boland, Fiona; O'Dwyer, Susan M; Rapcan, Viliam; D'Arcy, Shona; Cushen, Breda; Mokoka, Matshediso; Killane, Isabelle; Ryder, Sheila A; Reilly, Richard B; Costello, Richard W
Abstract:
<p>Originally Published in: Sulaiman I, Seheult J, MacHale E, Boland F, O'Dwyer SM, Rapcan V, D'Arcy S, Cushen B, Mokoka M, Killane I, Ryder SA, Reilly RB, Costello RW. A Method to Calculate Adherence to Inhaled Therapy That Reflects the Changes in Clinical Features of Asthma. Anns of the American Thoracic Society. 2016; 13(11):1894-1903. DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201603-222OC">10.1513/AnnalsATS.201603-222OC</a>. Copyright © 2015 by the American Thoracic Society. The final publication is available at http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201603-222OC</p>
<p>Rationale Currently studies on adherence to inhaled medications report Average Adherence over time. This measure does not account for variations in the interval between doses nor for errors in inhaler use. Objectives We investigated whether adherence calculated as a single Area Under the concentration-time Curve (AUC) measure, incorporati...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/74
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A nurse-led intervention study: Promoting compliance with Diskus Inhaler use in asthma patients.
(2014)
MacHale, Elaine; Costello, Richard W; Cowman, Seamus
A nurse-led intervention study: Promoting compliance with Diskus Inhaler use in asthma patients.
(2014)
MacHale, Elaine; Costello, Richard W; Cowman, Seamus
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5047302/</p>
<p>AIM: To examine the impact of a nurse-led patient assessment and education programme in promoting compliance with inhaler use in asthma patients.</p> <p>DESIGN: A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design.</p> <p>METHODS: A sample of asthmatic patients (N = 21) were recruited from the population of patients attending an asthma clinic. An Inhaler Proficiency Schedule (IPS) was developed and validated. At each visit, participants were requested to demonstrate their inhaler technique. The participants were investigated as to their confidence level with self-administration of their inhaler and adherence to prescribed doses. This information was recorded on a Patient-Reported Behaviour (PRB) questionnaire.</p> <p>RESULTS: Technique, compliance and patient confidence levels improved with nurse-led education repeated over thre...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/81
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A qualitative study of prescription contraception use: the perspectives of users, general practitioners and pharmacists
(2016)
Sweeney, Leigh-Ann; Molloy, Gerard J.; Byrne, Molly; Murphy, Andrew W.
A qualitative study of prescription contraception use: the perspectives of users, general practitioners and pharmacists
(2016)
Sweeney, Leigh-Ann; Molloy, Gerard J.; Byrne, Molly; Murphy, Andrew W.
Abstract:
The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) remains the most popular form of prescription contraception in many countries, despite adherence difficulties for many. Uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), which are less reliant on user adherence, remains low. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of, and attitudes towards, prescription contraception amongst samples of contraception users, general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists.Methodology and FindingsWe conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 18 contraception users, 18 GPs and 9 pharmacists. The study took place in Galway, Republic of Ireland between June and September 2014. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Overall, contraception users were more familiar with the OCP, and all the women interviewed began their prescription contraception journey using this method. All participants identified episodes of poor adherence throughout the reproductive life course. The iden...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5717
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A qualitative study of prescription contraception use: the perspectives of users, general practitioners and pharmacists
(2018)
Sweeney, Leigh-Ann; Molloy, Gerard J.; Byrne, Molly; Murphy, Andrew W.; Morgan, Karen; ...
A qualitative study of prescription contraception use: the perspectives of users, general practitioners and pharmacists
(2018)
Sweeney, Leigh-Ann; Molloy, Gerard J.; Byrne, Molly; Murphy, Andrew W.; Morgan, Karen; Hughes, Carmel M.; Ingham, Roger
Abstract:
Background The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) remains the most popular form of prescription contraception in many countries, despite adherence difficulties for many. Uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), which are less reliant on user adherence, remains low. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of, and attitudes towards, prescription contraception amongst samples of contraception users, general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists. Methodology and Findings We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 18 contraception users, 18 GPs and 9 pharmacists. The study took place in Galway, Republic of Ireland between June and September 2014. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Overall, contraception users were more familiar with the OCP, and all the women interviewed began their prescription contraception journey using this method. All participants identified episodes of poor adherence throughout the reproductive life cou...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14086
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A System for Estimating Drug Delivery from a Dry Powder Inhaler by Analysis of Acoustic Recordings of Time-Stamped Inhaler Events
(2016)
Seheult, Jansen N
A System for Estimating Drug Delivery from a Dry Powder Inhaler by Analysis of Acoustic Recordings of Time-Stamped Inhaler Events
(2016)
Seheult, Jansen N
Abstract:
<p>Inhaled medications are the mainstay of therapy in the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD because they allow delivery of the active ingredient directly to the site of action. Poor adherence to inhaled controller medications has been estimated to account for up to 60% of asthma-related hospitalizations and increased rates of 30- and 60- day hospital readmissions in patients with COPD. Numerous electronic monitoring devices have been developed over the last four decades to monitor temporal non-adherence; however, many of these devices do not monitor all or most aspects of inhaler technique. Currently used methods for monitoring inhaler technique, including subjective checklists, are suboptimal.</p> <p>There is a need to study the frequency of temporal and technique non-adherence in the Irish population and to investigate the impact of dosing and technique errors on drug delivery. Moreover, a comprehensive system of tracking the date and...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mdtheses/77
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Adherence mechanisms of Candida albicans
(2000)
Cotter, Gary; Kavanagh, Kevin
Adherence mechanisms of Candida albicans
(2000)
Cotter, Gary; Kavanagh, Kevin
Abstract:
The yeast Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is capable of inducing a range of superficial and systemic diseases in the immunocompromised host. Although it displays a variety of virulence factors, one--the ability to adhere to host tissue--is considered essential in the early stages of colonisation and tissue invasion. Adherence is achieved by a combination of specific (ligand-receptor interactions) and non-specific (electrostatic charge, van der Waals forces) mechanisms which allow the yeast to attach to a wide range of tissue types and inanimate surfaces. Conventional methods for treating disease cause by C. albicans rely upon the use of antifungal drugs designed to kill the yeast or arrest its growth. An alternative approach, aimed at disrupting the adherence of the yeast to host tissue in cases of superficial infection, may have potential for controlling disease, particularly in situations where the unattached fungal cell can be removed from the affected s...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/11131/
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Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells
(2001)
Murphy, A.R.; Kavanagh, Kevin
Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells
(2001)
Murphy, A.R.; Kavanagh, Kevin
Abstract:
A number of isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been associated with disease in immunocompromised individuals. Such isolates display a variety of characteristics that enable colonization and persistence in the host. The aim of the work presented here was to establish whether clinical isolates of S. cerevisiae were capable of adhering to epithelial tissue. Adherence to host tissue has been shown to be crucial to the virulence of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, and identification of this ability in S. cerevisiae might indicate a role for adherence in tissue colonization by this emerging pathogen. Clinical S. cerevisiae isolates were found to be capable of adhering to exfoliated buccal epithelial cells (BECs) but to a lesser degree than C. albicans. In contrast to the situation evident with C. albicans, the adherence of S. cerevisiae isolates to BECs was not influenced by the carbon source in which the yeast was grown. Treatment of S. cerevisiae with trypsin or proteinase ...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/7601/
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Adherence to antiretrovirals among US women during and after pregnancy
(2009)
Bardeguez, Arlene D.; Lindsey, Jane C.; Shannon, Maureen; Tuomala, Ruth E.; Cohn, Susan...
Adherence to antiretrovirals among US women during and after pregnancy
(2009)
Bardeguez, Arlene D.; Lindsey, Jane C.; Shannon, Maureen; Tuomala, Ruth E.; Cohn, Susan E.; Smith, Elizabeth; Stek, Alice; Buschur, Shelly; Cotter, Amanda; Bettica, Linda; Read, Jennifer S.
Abstract:
Background—Antiretrovirals (ARVs) are recommended for maternal health and to reduce HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission, but suboptimal adherence can counteract its benefits. Objectives—To describe antepartum and postpartum adherence to ARV regimens and factors associated with adherence. Methods—We assessed adherence rates among subjects enrolled in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 1025 from August 2002 to July 2005 on tablet formulations with at least one self-report adherence assessment. Perfectly adherent subjects reported no missed doses 4 days before their study visit. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare antepartum with postpartum adherence rates and to identify factors associated with perfect adherence. Results—Of 519 eligible subjects, 334/445 (75%) reported perfect adherence during pregnancy. This rate significantly decreased 6, 24, and 48 weeks postpartum [185/284 (65%), 76/118 (64%), and 42/64 (66%), respectively (P < 0.01)]. Pregnant subje...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4897
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Adherence to the infant vitamin D supplementation policy in Ireland
(2020)
Hemmingway, Andrea; Fisher, Dawn; Berkery, Teresa; Murray, Deirdre M.; Kiely Mairead E.
Adherence to the infant vitamin D supplementation policy in Ireland
(2020)
Hemmingway, Andrea; Fisher, Dawn; Berkery, Teresa; Murray, Deirdre M.; Kiely Mairead E.
Abstract:
Purpose: From September 2010 until November 2019, Ireland’s infant vitamin D supplementation policy recommended administration of 5 μg/day of vitamin D3 from birth to 12 months to all infants, regardless of feeding method. This study aims to examine policy adherence. Methods: In the prospective COMBINE birth cohort study (recruited 2015–2017), detailed longitudinal supplement data were examined in 364 infants across the first year of life, according to product type, dose, frequency, and duration. Vitamin D supplement use at 2, 6, and 12 months in COMBINE was compared with the BASELINE cohort (recruited 2008–2011, n = 1949). Results: In COMBINE, 92% of infants initiated supplementation at birth. The median supplementation duration was 51 (40, 52) weeks, with a range of 3–52 weeks. While supplementing, most parents (92%) used an exclusive vitamin D supplement as recommended and 88% gave 5 µg/day. Half (51%) gave vitamin D daily and a further 33% supplemented at least 3–6 times/week. O...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10307
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Adherence to the oral contraceptive pill: a cross-sectional survey of modifiable behavioural determinants
(2018)
Molloy, Gerard J; Graham, Heather; McGuinness, Hannah
Adherence to the oral contraceptive pill: a cross-sectional survey of modifiable behavioural determinants
(2018)
Molloy, Gerard J; Graham, Heather; McGuinness, Hannah
Abstract:
Background: Poor adherence to the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is reported as one of the main causes of unintended pregnancy in women that rely on this form of contraception. This study aims to estimate the associations between a range of well-established modifiable psychological factors and adherence to OCP. Method: A cross-sectional survey of 130 female University students currently using OCP (Mean age: 20.46 SD: 3.01, range 17-36) was conducted. An OCP specific Medication Adherence Report Scale was used to assess non-adherence. Psychological predictor measures included necessity and concern beliefs about OCP, intentions, perceived behavioural control (pbc), anticipated regret and action and coping planning. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the data. Results: Fifty-two per cent of participants reported missing their OCP once or more per month and 14% twice or more per month. In bivariate analysis intentions (r = -0.25), perceived behavioural control (r = -0.66), ant...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12938
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Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study
(2018)
Menditto, E.; Costa, Elisio; Midão, L.; Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia Z.; Novellino, E.; B...
Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study
(2018)
Menditto, E.; Costa, Elisio; Midão, L.; Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia Z.; Novellino, E.; Bialek, S.; Briedis, V.; Mair, A.; Rajabian-Soderlund, R.; Arnavielhe, S.; Bedbrook, A.; Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa; Annesi-Maesano, I.; Anto, J. M.; Devillier, P.; De Vries, G.; Keil, T.; Sheikh, A.; Orlando, V.; Larenas-Linnemann, D.
Abstract:
Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment MASK‐rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient‐centered ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross‐sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from January 1, 2016 to August 1, 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: 12,143 users were registered. 6,949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1,887 users reported ≥ 7 VAS data. 1,195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. 136 (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC ≤ 1.25), 51 (4.23%) were partly adherent (MPR ≥70% and PDC =1.50) and 176 ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/7273
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An investigation into student physiotherapist's understandings of exercise adherence and their use of motivational strategies to improve exercise adherence in patient groups – a focus group study
(2011)
Devane, Michelle
An investigation into student physiotherapist's understandings of exercise adherence and their use of motivational strategies to improve exercise adherence in patient groups – a focus group study
(2011)
Devane, Michelle
Abstract:
Background: In physiotherapy practice, poor patient adherence to treatment has been cited as a principal reason for failure to recover from injury (Bassett 2003). Lack of motivation has been suggested as a contributing factor to this (Sluijs et al. 1993). Although adherence is an important concept in physiotherapy, currently there is no research investigating student physiotherapists' understanding of the concept or how they manage patients who are non-adherent. Objectives: To explore student physiotherapists' understanding of the concept of exercise adherence and their use of motivational strategies in enhancing patient adherence to exercise programmes. Methods: A qualitative design using focus group methodology was employed. Two focus groups (six participants in each) were conducted with 4th year undergraduate physiotherapy students from the University of Limerick. Groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis by which prominent them...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1516
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Association between gaps in antihypertensive medication adherence and injurious falls in older community-dwelling adults: a prospective cohort study.
(2019)
Dillon, Paul; Smith, Susan M; Gallagher, Paul; Cousins, Grainne
Association between gaps in antihypertensive medication adherence and injurious falls in older community-dwelling adults: a prospective cohort study.
(2019)
Dillon, Paul; Smith, Susan M; Gallagher, Paul; Cousins, Grainne
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/3/e022927.long">bmjopen.bmj.com</a></p>
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> Growing evidence suggests that older adults are at an increased risk of injurious falls when initiating antihypertensive medication, while the evidence regarding long-term use of antihypertensive medication and the risk of falling is mixed. However, long-term users who stop and start these medications may have a similar risk of falling to initial users of antihypertensive medication. Our aim was to evaluate the association between gaps in antihypertensive medication adherence and injurious falls in older (≥65 years) community-dwelling, long-term (≥≥1 year) antihypertensive users.</p> <p><strong>DESIGN:</strong> Prospective cohort study.</p> <p><strong>SETTING:</strong> Irish Community Pharmacy.</p> <p><strong>PA...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/spharmart/55
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Clinical guideline adherence by physiotherapists working in acute stroke care.
(2014)
Donohue, Anna; McLaughlin, Catherine; Crowe, Morgan; Horgan, Frances
Clinical guideline adherence by physiotherapists working in acute stroke care.
(2014)
Donohue, Anna; McLaughlin, Catherine; Crowe, Morgan; Horgan, Frances
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.imj.ie">www.imj.ie</a></p>
<p>The publication of the Irish Clinical Guidelines for Stroke in 2009 provided healthcare professionals with an essential tool for improving stroke services. The aim of this study was to identify the degree to which Senior Physiotherapists in acute stroke care adhered to the Irish Clinical Guidelines for Stroke. This was a cross-sectional study, a postal or online survey was distributed to 31 Senior Physiotherapists working in acute stroke care, 23 responded, achieving a 74% response rate. There was excellent compliance with guidelines for the completion and documentation of full assessment within 5 working days of admission 19 respondents (82.6%), and the involvement of the patient in goal setting 19 (82.6%). Poor compliance was reported in relation to the provision of early assessment 10 (43.5%) and adequate rehabilitation intensity 9 (39%). The main ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/sphysioart/17
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Comment on 'Interventions to improve exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer: a systematic review'
(2014)
Hussey, Juliette; Broderick, Julie
Comment on 'Interventions to improve exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer: a systematic review'
(2014)
Hussey, Juliette; Broderick, Julie
Abstract:
Background: To systematically review the effects of interventions to improve exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer. Methods: Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared an exercise intervention to a usual care comparison in sedentary people with a homogeneous primary cancer diagnosis, over the age of 18 years were eligible. The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials MEDLINE; EMBASE; AMED; CINAHL; PsycINFO; SportDiscus; PEDro from inception to August 2012. Results: Fourteen trials were included in this review, involving a total of 648 participants. Just six trials incorporated prescriptions that would meet current recommendations for aerobic exercise. However, none of the trials included in this review reported intervention adherence of 75% or more for a set prescription that would meet current aerobic exercise guidelines. Despite uncertainty around adherence in many of the included trials...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/92955
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Cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence and predictors of statin utilisation in ireland with a focus on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
(2018)
Byrne, Paula; Cullinan, John; Murphy, Catríona; Smith, Susan M
Cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence and predictors of statin utilisation in ireland with a focus on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
(2018)
Byrne, Paula; Cullinan, John; Murphy, Catríona; Smith, Susan M
Abstract:
Objective To describe the prevalence of statin utilisation by people aged over 50 years in Ireland and the factors associated with the likelihood of using a statin, focusing particularly on those using statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of cardiovascular risk and sociodemographic factors associated with statin utilisation from wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. A hierarchy of indications for statin utilisation, consisting of eight mutually exclusive levels of CVD-related diagnoses, was created. Participants were assigned one level of indication. The prevalence of statin utilisation was calculated. The likelihood that an individual was using a statin was estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model, controlling for cardiovascular risk and sociodemographic factors. Results In this nationally representative sample (n=5618) of community-dwelling participants aged 50 years and over, 1715 (...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10635
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Digital technologies and adherence in respiratory diseases: the road ahead.
(2018)
Blakey, John D; Bender, Bruce G; Dima, Alexandra L; Weinman, John; Safioti, Guilherme; ...
Digital technologies and adherence in respiratory diseases: the road ahead.
(2018)
Blakey, John D; Bender, Bruce G; Dima, Alexandra L; Weinman, John; Safioti, Guilherme; Costello, Richard W
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a>erj.ersjournals.com</a></p>
<p>Outcomes for patients with chronic respiratory diseases remain poor despite the development of novel therapies. In part, this reflects the fact that adherence to therapy is low and clinicians lack accurate methods to assess this issue. Digital technologies hold promise to overcome these barriers to care. For example, algorithmic analysis of large amounts of information collected on health status and treatment use, along with other disease relevant information such as environmental data, can be used to help guide personalised interventions that may have a positive health impact, such as establishing habitual and correct inhaler use. Novel approaches to data analysis also offer the possibility of statistical algorithms that are better able to predict exacerbations, thereby creating opportunities for preventive interventions that may adapt therapy as disease activity changes. To ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/104
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Do Patients Know How to Use Sublingual Glyceryl Trinitrate?
(2011)
Henman, Martin; Deasy, Evelyn; Kirke, Ciara; Naddy, Helen
Do Patients Know How to Use Sublingual Glyceryl Trinitrate?
(2011)
Henman, Martin; Deasy, Evelyn; Kirke, Ciara; Naddy, Helen
Abstract:
Glyceryl trinitrate is a nitrate, a potent coronary vasodilator which exerts its principal benefit by reducing venous return, which reduces left ventricular work. Vasodilation is also associated with the undesired effects of flushing, headaches and postural hypotension. This practice research in the Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Incorporating the National Children?s Hospital (Tallaght) showed that patients do not always understand the correct use and dose of glyceryl trinitrate, particularly in the control of acute symptoms.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/83233
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Dysplasia severity, but not experiences during colposcopy, predicts adherence to follow-up colposcopy
(2018)
Kola, Susanna; Walsh, Jane C.
Dysplasia severity, but not experiences during colposcopy, predicts adherence to follow-up colposcopy
(2018)
Kola, Susanna; Walsh, Jane C.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12296
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Exploring the need for transition readiness scales within cystic fibrosis services: a qualitative descriptive study
(2018)
Bourke, Mary; Houghton, Catherine
Exploring the need for transition readiness scales within cystic fibrosis services: a qualitative descriptive study
(2018)
Bourke, Mary; Houghton, Catherine
Abstract:
Aims and objectivesTo explore healthcare professionals' and patients' perceptions of the potential use of a Transition Readiness Scale in cystic fibrosis care. This included an examination of barriers and facilitators to its implementation along with the identification of key items to include in a Transition Readiness Scale. BackgroundDue to increasing life expectancy and improved quality of life, more adolescents with cystic fibrosis are transitioning from paediatric to adult health care. To assess and correctly manage this transition, a more structured approach to transition is advocated. This can be achieved using a Transition Readiness Scale to potentially identify or target areas of care in which the adolescent may have poor knowledge. These key items include education, developmental readiness taking into account relationships, reproduction, future plans and self-management skills. Existing tools to gauge readiness concentrate mainly on education and self-care needs a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10493
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Exploring the Relationship Between Usage and Outcomes of an Internet-Based Intervention for Individuals With Depressive Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial
(2019)
Richards, Derek
Exploring the Relationship Between Usage and Outcomes of an Internet-Based Intervention for Individuals With Depressive Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial
(2019)
Richards, Derek
Abstract:
Background: Internet interventions can easily generate objective data about program usage. Increasingly, more studies explore the relationship between usage and outcomes, but they often report different metrics of use, and the findings are mixed. Thus, current evaluations fail to demonstrate which metrics should be considered and how these metrics are related to clinically meaningful change. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between several usage metrics and outcomes of an internet-based intervention for depression. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial that examined the efficacy of an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression (Space from Depression) in an adult community sample. All participants who enrolled in the intervention, regardless of meeting the inclusion criteria, were included in this study. Space from Depression is a 7-module supported intervention, delivered over a period of 8 weeks. Dif...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89491
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Fibronectin-binding proteins are required for biofilm formation by community-associated methicillin-resistantstaphylococcus aureusstrain lac
(2018)
McCourt, Jennifer; O'Halloran, Dara P.; McCarthy, Hannah; O'Gara, James P.; G...
Fibronectin-binding proteins are required for biofilm formation by community-associated methicillin-resistantstaphylococcus aureusstrain lac
(2018)
McCourt, Jennifer; O'Halloran, Dara P.; McCarthy, Hannah; O'Gara, James P.; Geoghegan, Joan A.
Abstract:
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of the USA300 lineage is emerging as an important cause of medical device-related infection. However, few factors required for biofilm accumulation by USA300 strains have been identified, and the processes involved are poorly understood. Here, we identify S.aureus proteins required for the USA300 isolate LAC to form biofilm. A mutant with a deletion of the fnbA and fnbB genes did not express the fibronectin-binding proteins FnBPA and FnBPB and lacked the ability to adhere to fibronectin or to form biofilm. Biofilm formation by the mutant LACfnbAfnbB could be restored by expression of FnBPA or FnBPB from a plasmid demonstrating that both of these proteins can mediate biofilm formation when expressed by LAC. Expression of FnBPA and FnBPB increased bacterial aggregation suggesting that fibronectin-binding proteins can promote the accumulation phase of biofilm. Loss of fibronectin-binding proteins reduced the initial adher...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12737
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Glycomacropeptide reduces intestinal epithelial cell barrier dysfunction and adhesion of entero-hemorrhagic and entero-pathogenic escherichia coli in vitro
(2018)
Feeney, Shane; Ryan, Joseph; Kilcoyne, Michelle; Joshi, Lokesh; Hickey, Rita
Glycomacropeptide reduces intestinal epithelial cell barrier dysfunction and adhesion of entero-hemorrhagic and entero-pathogenic escherichia coli in vitro
(2018)
Feeney, Shane; Ryan, Joseph; Kilcoyne, Michelle; Joshi, Lokesh; Hickey, Rita
Abstract:
In recent years, the potential of glycosylated food components to positively influence health has received considerable attention. Milk is a rich source of biologically active glycoconjugates which are associated with antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-adhesion, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic properties. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is the C-terminal portion of kappa-casein that is released from whey during cheese-making by the action of chymosin. Many of the biological properties associated with GMP, such as anti-adhesion, have been linked with the carbohydrate portion of the protein. In this study, we investigated the ability of GMP to inhibit the adhesion of a variety of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains to HT-29 and Caco-2 intestinal cell lines, given the importance of E. coli in causing bacterial gastroenteritis. GMP significantly reduced pathogen adhesion, albeit with a high degree of species specificity toward enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains O125:H32 and O111:H2 and ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11436
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Healthy eating and reduced risk of cognitive decline: a cohort from 40 countries
(2018)
Smyth, A.; Dehghan, M.; O'Donnell, M.; Anderson, C.; Teo, K.; Gao, P.; Sleight, P....
Healthy eating and reduced risk of cognitive decline: a cohort from 40 countries
(2018)
Smyth, A.; Dehghan, M.; O'Donnell, M.; Anderson, C.; Teo, K.; Gao, P.; Sleight, P.; Dagenais, G.; Probstfield, J. L.; Mente, A.; Yusuf, S.; ,
Abstract:
Objective:We sought to determine the association of dietary factors and risk of cognitive decline in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.Methods:Baseline dietary intake and measures of the Mini-Mental State Examination were recorded in 27,860 men and women who were enrolled in 2 international parallel trials of the ONTARGET (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial) and TRANSCEND (Telmisartan Randomised Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease) studies. We measured diet quality using the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the association between diet quality and risk of 3-point decline in Mini-Mental State Examination score, and reported as hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals with adjustment for covariates.Results:During 56 months of follow-up, 4,699 cases of cognitive decline occurred. We observed lower risk of cognitive dec...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13964
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High rate of adherence to urate-lowering treatment in patients with gout: who’s to blame?
(2020)
Perez-Ruiz, Fernando; Perez-Herrero, Nuria; Richette, Pascal; Stack, Austin G.
High rate of adherence to urate-lowering treatment in patients with gout: who’s to blame?
(2020)
Perez-Ruiz, Fernando; Perez-Herrero, Nuria; Richette, Pascal; Stack, Austin G.
Abstract:
Introduction: Gout is commonly associated with low adherence rates, thus limiting the effectiveness of treatment. Nevertheless, informed and empowered patients may be more likely to achieve high adherence. We intend to demonstrate that adherence in clinical practice may reach that achieved in clinical trials. Methods: This was a transversal study within an inception cohort of patients with gout prospectively followed up. Patients were informed at entrance in the cohort of outcomes, targets, and means to implement for successful treatment. Adherence was evaluated through electronic medication possession ratio (MPR) for urate-lowering medication and oral medications for hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia for comparison. Factors associated with nonadherence, and the relation between nonadherence and serum urate levels while on treatment were analyzed. Results: Data were retrieved from 336 patients, who showed a mean MPR of 87.5%, with 82.1% of patients showing MPR C 0....
http://hdl.handle.net.proxy.lib.ul.ie/10344/9391
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