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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 69 on page 1 of 3
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A Concept for a Long-term Scalable Primary Care Model
(2009)
Maad, Soha; Dimitrov, Borislav D; Fahey, Tom
A Concept for a Long-term Scalable Primary Care Model
(2009)
Maad, Soha; Dimitrov, Borislav D; Fahey, Tom
Abstract:
<p>See also European and Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems (EMCIS) website at http://www.emcis.org</p>
<p>This paper presents a concept for development of a unified bioengineering framework that consolidates efforts in extending the geographical boundaries and outreach of primary care in Ireland and ensure its long-term scalability. This framework encompasses infrastructures, devices, systems, techniques, materials, engineering practices and socio-technical set-ups for improved access, safety and quality of care at national and global levels. In particular, we address the development of special purpose solutions, technologies and devices for healthcare from a bioengineering perspective, within the wider biotechnology agenda in Ireland.</p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/gpproc/2
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A Mechano-Regulation Model of Fracture Repair in Vertebral Bodies
(2010)
KELLY, DANIEL
A Mechano-Regulation Model of Fracture Repair in Vertebral Bodies
(2010)
KELLY, DANIEL
Abstract:
In this study a multi-scale mechano-regulation model was developed in order to investigate the mechanobiology of trabecular fracture healing in vertebral bodies. A macro-scale finite element model of the spinal segment L3-L4-L5, including a mild wedge fracture in the body of the L4 vertebra, was used to determine the boundary conditions acting on a micro-scale finite element model simulating a portion of fractured trabecular bone. The micro-scale model, in turn, was utilized to predict the local patterns of tissue differentiation within the fracture gap and then how the equivalent mechanical properties of the macro-scale model change with time. The patterns of tissue differentiation predicted by the model appeared consistent with those observed in vivo. Bone formation occurred primarily through endochondral ossification. New woven bone was predicted to occupy the majority of the space within the fracture site approximately 7-8 weeks after the fracture event. Remodeling of cancellous...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41080
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A prediction of cell differentiation and proliferation within a collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold subjected to mechanical strain and perfusive fluid flow.
(2010)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
A prediction of cell differentiation and proliferation within a collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold subjected to mechanical strain and perfusive fluid flow.
(2010)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
Abstract:
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation can be influenced by biophysical stimuli imparted by the host scaffold. Yet, causal relationships linking scaffold strain magnitudes and inlet fluid velocities to specific cell responses are thus far underdeveloped. This investigation attempted to simulate cell responses in a collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) scaffold within a bioreactor. CG scaffold deformation was simulated using mu-computed tomography (CT) and an in-house finite element solver (FEEBE/linear). Similarly, the internal fluid velocities were simulated using the afore-mentioned mu CT dataset with a computational fluid dynamics solver (ANSYS/CFX). From the ensuing cell-level mechanics, albeit octahedral shear strain or fluid velocity, the proliferation and differentiation of the representative cells were predicted from deterministic functions. Cell proliferation patterns concurred with previous experiments. MSC differentiation was dependent on the level of CG scaffold strain an...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40225
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A Radial Clutch Needle for Facile and Safe Tissue Compartment Access
(2020)
O'Cearbhaill, Eoin D.; Laulicht, Bryan; Mitchell, Niamh
A Radial Clutch Needle for Facile and Safe Tissue Compartment Access
(2020)
O'Cearbhaill, Eoin D.; Laulicht, Bryan; Mitchell, Niamh
Abstract:
Efficient and safe access to targeted therapeutic sites is a universal challenge in minimally invasive medical intervention. Percutaneous and transluminal needle insertion is often performed blindly and requires significant user skill and experience to avoid complications associated with the damage of underlying tissues or organs. Here, we report on the advancement of a safer needle with a radial mechanical clutch, which is designed to prevent overshoot injuries through the automatic stopping of the needle once a target cavity is reached. The stylet‐mounted clutch system is inexpensive to manufacture and compatible with standard hypodermic or endoscopic needles, and therefore can be adapted to achieve safe access in a myriad of minimally invasive procedures, including targeted drug delivery, at‐home and in‐hospital intravenous access, laparoscopic and endo‐ and trans‐luminal interventions. Here, we demonstrate the clutch needle design optimization and illustrate its potential for ra...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11266
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A role for the primary cilium in paracrine signaling between mechanically stimulated osteocytes and mesenchymal stem cells.
(2011)
KELLY, DANIEL; HOEY, DAVID
A role for the primary cilium in paracrine signaling between mechanically stimulated osteocytes and mesenchymal stem cells.
(2011)
KELLY, DANIEL; HOEY, DAVID
Abstract:
Bone turnover is a mechanically regulated process, coordinated in part by the network of mechanosensitive osteocytes residing within the tissue. The recruitment and bone forming activity of the mesenchymal derived osteoblast is determined by numerous factors including mechanical loading. It is therefore somewhat surprising that although mechanically regulated signaling between the coordinating osteocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) should exist, to date it has not been directly demonstrated. In this study, conditioned media from mechanically stimulated osteocytes (MLO-Y4 cell line) was collected and added to MSCs (C3H10T1/2 cell line). The addition of mechanically stimulated osteocyte conditioned media resulted in a significant upregulation of the osteogenic genes OPN and COX-2 in MSCs compared to statically cultured conditioned media, demonstrating a novel paracrine signaling mechanism between the two cell types. The same mechanically conditioned media did not alter gene expr...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/59504
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An anisotropic inelastic constitutive model to describe stress softening and permanent deformation in arterial tissue
(2012)
KELLY, DANIEL; MAHER, EOGHAN JOSEPH; LALLY, CAITRIONA
An anisotropic inelastic constitutive model to describe stress softening and permanent deformation in arterial tissue
(2012)
KELLY, DANIEL; MAHER, EOGHAN JOSEPH; LALLY, CAITRIONA
Abstract:
Inelastic phenomena such as softening and unrecoverable inelastic strains induced by loading have been observed experimentally in soft tissues such as arteries. These phenomena need to be accounted for in constitutive models of arterial tissue so that computational models can accurately predict the outcomes of interventional procedures such as balloon angioplasty and stenting that involve non-physiological loading of the tissue. In this study, a novel constitutive model is described that accounts for inelastic effects such as Mullins-type softening and permanent set in a fibre reinforced tissue. The evolution of inelasticity is governed by a set of internal variables. Softening is introduced through a typical continuum damage mechanics approach, while the inelastic residual strains are introduced through an additive split in the stress tensor. Numerical simulations of aorta and carotid arterial tissue subjected to uniaxial testing in the longitudinal, circumferential and axial direc...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/63771
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An Enteric-Coated Polyelectrolyte Nanocomplex Delivers Insulin in Rat Intestinal Instillations when Combined with a Permeation Enhancer
(2020)
Sladek, Svenja; McCartney, Fiona; Eskander, Mena; Brayden, David James; et al.
An Enteric-Coated Polyelectrolyte Nanocomplex Delivers Insulin in Rat Intestinal Instillations when Combined with a Permeation Enhancer
(2020)
Sladek, Svenja; McCartney, Fiona; Eskander, Mena; Brayden, David James; et al.
Abstract:
The use of nanocarriers is being researched to achieve oral peptide delivery. Insulin-associated anionic polyelectrolyte nanoparticle complexes (PECs) were formed that comprised hyaluronic acid and chitosan in an optimum mass mixing ratio of 5:1 (MR 5), followed by coating with a pH-dependent polymer. Free insulin was separated from PECs by size exclusion chromatography and then measured by HPLC. The association efficiency of insulin in PECs was >95% and the loading was ~83 µg/mg particles. Dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis of PECs revealed low polydispersity, a negative zeta potential range of −40 to −50 mV, and a diameter range of 95–200 nm. Dissolution studies in simulated small intestinal fluid (FaSSIF-V2) revealed that the PECs were colloidally stable. PECs that were coated with Eudragit® L-100 delayed insulin release in FaSSIF-V2 and protected insulin against pancreatin attack more than uncoated PECs. Uncoated anionic PECs interacted weakly with mu...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11785
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Anatomically accurate model of EMG during index finger flexion and abduction derived from diffusion tensor imaging
(2020)
Botelho, Diego Pereira; Curran, Kathleen M.; Lowery, Madeleine M.
Anatomically accurate model of EMG during index finger flexion and abduction derived from diffusion tensor imaging
(2020)
Botelho, Diego Pereira; Curran, Kathleen M.; Lowery, Madeleine M.
Abstract:
This study presents a modelling framework in which information on muscle fiber direction and orientation during contraction is derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and incorporated in a computational model of the surface electromyographic (EMG) signal. The proposed model makes use of the principle of reciprocity to simultaneously calculate the electric potentials produced at the recording electrode by charges distributed along an arbitrary number of muscle fibers within the muscle, allowing for a computationally efficient evaluation of extracellular motor unit action potentials. The approach is applied to the complex architecture of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle of the hand to simulate EMG during index finger flexion and abduction. Using diffusion tensor imaging methods, the results show how muscle fiber orientation and curvature in this intrinsic hand muscle change during flexion and abduction. Incorporation of anatomically accurate muscle architecture and other...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11285
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Antimicrobial antagonists against food pathogens; a bacteriocin perspective
(2015)
O'Connor, Paula M.; Ross, R Paul; Hill, Colin; Cotter, Paul D.
Antimicrobial antagonists against food pathogens; a bacteriocin perspective
(2015)
O'Connor, Paula M.; Ross, R Paul; Hill, Colin; Cotter, Paul D.
Abstract:
Efforts are continuing to find novel bacteriocins with enhanced specificity and potency. Traditional plating techniques are still being used for bacteriocin screening studies, however, the availability of ever more bacterial genome sequences and the use of in silico gene mining tools have revealed novel bacteriocin gene clusters that would otherwise have been overlooked. Furthermore, synthetic biology and bioengineering-based approaches are allowing scientists to harness existing and novel bacteriocin gene clusters through expression in different hosts and by enhancing functionalities. The same principles apply to bacteriocin producing probiotic cultures and their application to control pathogens in the gut. We can expect that the recent developments on bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) described here will contribute greatly to increased commercialisation of bacteriocins in food systems.
This work was funded by the Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, a research centre fun...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/784
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Antimicrobials for food and feed; a bacteriocin perspective
(2020)
Paula M, O’Connor; O'Connor, Paula M.; Kuniyoshi, Tais M.; Oliveira, Ricardo PS; H...
Antimicrobials for food and feed; a bacteriocin perspective
(2020)
Paula M, O’Connor; O'Connor, Paula M.; Kuniyoshi, Tais M.; Oliveira, Ricardo PS; Hill, Colin; Ross, R Paul; Cotter, Paul D.
Abstract:
Bacteriocins are natural antimicrobials that have been consumed via fermented foods for millennia and have been the focus of renewed efforts to identify novel bacteriocins, and their producing microorganisms, for use as food biopreservatives and other applications. Bioengineering bacteriocins or combining bacteriocins with multiple modes of action (hurdle approach) can enhance their preservative effect and reduces the incidence of antimicrobial resistance. In addition to their role as food biopreservatives, bacteriocins are gaining credibility as health modulators, due to their ability to regulate the gut microbiota, which is strongly associated with human wellbeing. Indeed the strengthening link between the gut microbiota and obesity make bacteriocins ideal alternatives to Animal Growth Promoters (AGP) in animal feed also. Here we review recent advances in bacteriocin research that will contribute to the development of functional foods and feeds as a consequence of roles in food bi...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1927
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Apparent behaviour of charged and neutral materials with ellipsoidal fibre distributions and cross-validation of finite element implementations
(2012)
KELLY, DANIEL; NAGEL, THOMAS
Apparent behaviour of charged and neutral materials with ellipsoidal fibre distributions and cross-validation of finite element implementations
(2012)
KELLY, DANIEL; NAGEL, THOMAS
Abstract:
Continuous fibre distribution models can be applied to a variety of biological tissues with both charged and neutral extracellular matrices. In particular, ellipsoidal models have been used to describe the complex material behaviour of tissues such as articular cartilage and their engineered tissue equivalents. The choice of material parameters is more difficult than in classical anisotropic models and the impact that changes to these parameters can have on the predictions of such models are poorly understood. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the apparent behaviour of this class of materials over a range of material parameters. We further introduce a scaling approach to overcome certain counter-intuitive aspects related to the choice of anisotropy parameters and outline the integration method used in our implementations. User material codes for the commercial FE software packages Abaqus and MSC Marc are provided for use by other investigators. Cross-validation of our co...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/62428
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Assessment of the accuracy of an ultrasound elastography liver scanning system using a PVA-cryogel phantom with optimal acoustic and mechanical properties
(2010)
FAGAN, ANDREW
Assessment of the accuracy of an ultrasound elastography liver scanning system using a PVA-cryogel phantom with optimal acoustic and mechanical properties
(2010)
FAGAN, ANDREW
Abstract:
The accuracy of a transient elastography liver-scanning ultrasound system was assessed using a novel application of PVA-cryogel as a tissue-mimicking material with acoustic and shear elasticity properties optimized to best represent those of liver tissue. Although the liver-scanning system has been shown to offer a safer alternative for diagnosing liver cirrhosis through stiffness measurement, as compared to the liver needle biopsy exam, the scanner?s accuracy has not been fully established. The Young?s elastic modulus values of 5-6wt% PVA-cryogel phantoms, also containing glycerol and 0.3?m Al2O3 and 3?m Al2O3, were measured using a `gold standard? mechanical testing technique and transient elastography. The mechanically measured values and acoustic velocities of the phantoms ranged between 1.6-16.1kPa and 1540-1570m/s, respectively, mimicking those observed in liver tissue. The values reported by the transient elastography system overestimated the Young?s elastic modulus values re...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41180
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Bioengineering of nisin to enhance functionality against dairy pathogens
(2014)
Healy, Brian
Bioengineering of nisin to enhance functionality against dairy pathogens
(2014)
Healy, Brian
Abstract:
The bacteriocin class of antimicrobial peptides have emerged as a viable alternative to at least partially fill the void created by the end of the golden age of antibiotic discovery. Along with this potential use in a clinical setting, bacteriocins also play an important role as bio-preservatives in the food industry. This thesis focuses on a specific bacteriocin group, the lantibiotics (Lanthionine-containing antibiotics). Their numerous methods of appliance in a food setting and how their gene-encoded nature can be modified to improve on overall bioactivity and functionality are explored here. The use of a lantibiotic (lacticin 3147) producing starter culture to control the Crohn’s disease-linked pathogen Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was assessed in a raw milk cheese. Although lacticin 3147 production did not effectively control the pathogen, the study provided an impetus to employ a variety of PCR-based mutagenesis techniques with a view to the creation of enhanced lantibiotic ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2696
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Biomaterials and scaffolds for tissue engineering
(2011)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
Biomaterials and scaffolds for tissue engineering
(2011)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
Abstract:
Every day thousands of surgical procedures are performed to replace or repair tissue that has been damaged through disease or trauma. The developing field of tissue engineering (TE) aims to regenerate damaged tissues by combining cells from the body with highly porous scaffold biomaterials, which act as templates for tissue regeneration, to guide the growth of new tissue. This article describes the functional requirements, and types, of materials used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, it describes the challenges and where future research and direction is required in this rapidly advancing field.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/54960
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Biomechanics of the stick insect antenna: Damping properties and structural correlates of the cuticle
(2011)
DIRKS, JAN-HENNING
Biomechanics of the stick insect antenna: Damping properties and structural correlates of the cuticle
(2011)
DIRKS, JAN-HENNING
Abstract:
The antenna of the Indian stick insect Carausius morosus is a highly specialized near-range sensory probe used to actively sample tactile cues about location, distance or shape of external objects in real time. The length of the antenna?s flagellum is 100 times the diameter at the base, making it a very delicate and slender structure. Like the rest of the insect body, it is covered by a protective exoskeletal cuticle, making it stiff enough to allow controlled, active, exploratory movements and hard enough to resist damage and wear. At the same time, it is highly flexible in response to contact forces, and returns rapidly to its straight posture without oscillations upon release of contact force. Which mechanical adaptations allow stick insects to unfold the remarkable combination of maintaining a sufficiently invariant shape between contacts and being sufficiently compliant during contact? What role does the cuticle play? Our results show that, based on morphological differences, t...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61634
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Biophysical stimuli induced by passive movements compensate for lack of skeletal muscle during embryonic skeletogenesis
(2011)
MURPHY, PAULA; PRENDERGAST, PATRICK
Biophysical stimuli induced by passive movements compensate for lack of skeletal muscle during embryonic skeletogenesis
(2011)
MURPHY, PAULA; PRENDERGAST, PATRICK
Abstract:
In genetically modified mice with abnormal skeletal muscle development, bones and joints are differentially affected by the lack of skeletal muscle.We hypothesise that unequal levels of biophysical stimuli in the developing humerus and femur can explain the differential effects on these rudiments when muscle is absent. We find that the expression patterns of four mechanosensitive genes important for endochondral ossification are differentially affected in muscleless limbmutants, with more extreme changes in the expression in the humerus than in the femur. Using finite element analysis, we show that the biophysical stimuli induced by muscle forces are similar in the humerus and femur, implying that the removal of muscle contractile forces should, in theory, affect the rudiments equally. However, simulations in which a displacement was applied to the end of the limb, such as could be caused in muscleless mice by movements of the mother or normal littermates, predicted higher biophysic...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/57660
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Bone tissue material properties are altered during osteoporosis
(2005)
PRENDERGAST, PATRICK JOHN
Bone tissue material properties are altered during osteoporosis
(2005)
PRENDERGAST, PATRICK JOHN
Abstract:
Measurement of the effects of osteoporosis on the mechanical behavior of bone has been performed using whole bone testing, or testing of volumes of ovariectomized cancellous bone1-3 and these studies revealed a decrease in macro-level bone strength. However, it is not clear whether these changes were due only to the reduction in bone mass or whether a reduction in tissue strength also contributed. A number of studies report that the mineral content is unchanged or slightly lower in the osteoporotic bone tissue4 or that there is an increase in the mineral content and a lack of collagen5-7. Such microstructural changes suggest that a corresponding change in the mechanical behavior of the tissue should ensue during osteoporosis. However, to date, the tissue level properties and tissue level mineral content of osteoporotic trabecular bone have never been measured and so such ideas remain conjecture.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/39603
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Cell-matrix interactions regulate mesenchymal stem cell response to hydrostatic pressure
(2012)
STEWARD, ANDREW; KELLY, DANIEL; THORPE, STEPHEN; BUCKLEY, CONOR
Cell-matrix interactions regulate mesenchymal stem cell response to hydrostatic pressure
(2012)
STEWARD, ANDREW; KELLY, DANIEL; THORPE, STEPHEN; BUCKLEY, CONOR
Abstract:
Both hydrostatic pressure (HP) and cell-matrix interactions have independently been shown to regulate the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the response of MSCs to hydrostatic pressure will depend on the biomaterial within which the cells are encapsulated. Bone marrow derived MSCs were seeded into either agarose or fibrin hydrogels and exposed to 10 MPa of cyclic HP (1 Hz, 4 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 weeks) in the presence of either 1 or 10 ng/ml TGF-?3. Agarose hydrogels were found to support a spherical cellular morphology, while MSCs seeded into fibrin hydrogels attached and spread, with clear stress fiber formation. Hydrogel contraction was also observed in MSC-fibrin constructs. While agarose hydrogels better supported chondrogenesis of MSCs, HP only enhanced sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) accumulation in fibrin hydrogels, which correlated with a reduction in fibrin contraction. HP also...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/63820
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Changes in Neuronal Entropy in a Network Model of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia during Deep Brain Stimulation
(2020)
Fleming, John E.; Lowery, Madeleine M.
Changes in Neuronal Entropy in a Network Model of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia during Deep Brain Stimulation
(2020)
Fleming, John E.; Lowery, Madeleine M.
Abstract:
The 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Berlin, Germany, 23-27 July 2019
Neuronal entropy changes are observed in the basal ganglia circuit in Parkinson’s disease (PD). These changes are observed in both single unit recordings from globus pallidus (GP) neurons and in local field potential (LFP) recordings from the subthalamic nucleus (STN). These changes are hypothesized as representing changes in the information coding capacity of the network, with PD resulting in a reduction in the coding capacity of the basal ganglia network. Entropy changes in the LFP and in single unit recordings are investigated in a detailed physiological model of the cortico-basal ganglia network during STN deep brain stimulation (DBS). The model incorporates extracellular stimulation of STN afferent fibers, with both orthodromic and antidromic activation, and simulation of the LFP detected at a differential recording electrode. LFP s...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11280
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Characterising 3D Soft Tissue Features on Joint Surfaces
(2011)
O'Kane, Colm
Characterising 3D Soft Tissue Features on Joint Surfaces
(2011)
O'Kane, Colm
Abstract:
A crucial aspect of orthopaedic implant design is the prediction of surgical outcomes when the shape of a bone is necessarily altered by the addition of the implant. Matching native kinematics as closely as possible is generally considered a core aim of joint replacement surgery. The overall hypothesis behind this research is that soft tissue geometry, including cartilage thickness distribution and ligament attachment sites, influences kinematics in the knee joint. In order to enable investigation of possible links between geometry and kinematics, the ability to characterise the shape variation of the soft tissue relative to the underlying bony geometry must first be developed. This is the aspect which has been addressed in this work.
https://arrow.dit.ie/biodevcon/2
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Characterising 3D Soft Tissue Features on Joint Surfaces
(2011)
O'Kane, Colm
Characterising 3D Soft Tissue Features on Joint Surfaces
(2011)
O'Kane, Colm
Abstract:
A crucial aspect of orthopaedic implant design is the prediction of surgical outcomes when the shape of a bone is necessarily altered by the addition of the implant. Matching native kinematics as closely as possible is generally considered a core aim of joint replacement surgery. The overall hypothesis behind this research is that soft tissue geometry, including cartilage thickness distribution and ligament attachment sites, influences kinematics in the knee joint. In order to enable investigation of possible links between geometry and kinematics, the ability to characterise the shape variation of the soft tissue relative to the underlying bony geometry must first be developed. This is the aspect which has been addressed in this work.
https://arrow.dit.ie/biodevoth/2
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Coaxing stem cells for skeletal muscle repair
(2018)
McCullagh, Karl J.A.; Perlingeiro, Rita C.R.
Coaxing stem cells for skeletal muscle repair
(2018)
McCullagh, Karl J.A.; Perlingeiro, Rita C.R.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12742
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Composition-function relations of cartilaginous tissues engineered from chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow and infrapatellar fat pad
(2011)
KELLY, DANIEL; BUCKLEY, CONOR; VINARDELL, TATIANA
Composition-function relations of cartilaginous tissues engineered from chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow and infrapatellar fat pad
(2011)
KELLY, DANIEL; BUCKLEY, CONOR; VINARDELL, TATIANA
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to determine the functional properties of cartilaginous tissues generated by porcine MSCs isolated from different tissue sources, and to compare these properties to those derived from chondrocytes (CC). MSCs were isolated from bone marrow (BM) and infrapatellar fat pad (FP), while CC were harvested from the articular surface of the femoro-patellar joint. Culture-expanded CC and MSCs were encapsulated in agarose hydrogels and cultured in the presence of TGF-?3. Samples were analysed biomechanically, biochemically and histologically at day 0, day 21 and day 42. After 42 days in free swelling culture, mean GAG content was 1.50 % w/w in CC seeded constructs, compared to 0.95 % w/w in FP and 0.43 % w/w in BM seeded constructs. Total collagen accumulation was highest in FP constructs. DNA content increased with time for all the groups. The mechanical functionality of cartilaginous tissues engineered using CCs was superior to that generated from either sourc...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/60816
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Computer simulating a clinical trial of a load-bearing implant: example of an intramedullary prosthesis
(2011)
PRENDERGAST, PATRICK
Computer simulating a clinical trial of a load-bearing implant: example of an intramedullary prosthesis
(2011)
PRENDERGAST, PATRICK
Abstract:
Computational modelling is becoming ever more important for obtaining regulatory approval for new medical devices. An accepted approach is to infer performance in a population from an analysis conducted in an idealized or `average? patient; we present here a method for predicting the performance of an orthopaedic implant when released into a population?effectively simulating a clinical trial. Specifically we hypothesise an analysis based on a method for predicting the performance in a population will lead to different conclusions than an analysis based on an idealised or `average? patient. To test this hypothesis we use a finite element model of an intramedullary implant in a bone whose size and remodelling activity is different for each individual in the population. We compare the performance of a low Young?s modulus implant () to one with a higher Young?s modulus (200 GPa). Cyclic loading is applied and failure is assumed when the migration of the implant relative to the bone exce...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61633
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Crosslinking and mechanical properties significantly influence cell attachment, proliferation, and migration within collagen glycosaminoglycan scaffolds.
(2011)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
Crosslinking and mechanical properties significantly influence cell attachment, proliferation, and migration within collagen glycosaminoglycan scaffolds.
(2011)
O'BRIEN, FERGAL
Abstract:
Crosslinking and the resultant changes in mechanical properties have been shown to influence cellular activity within collagen biomaterials. With this in mind, we sought to determine the effects of crosslinking on both the compressive modulus of collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds and the activity of osteoblasts seeded within them. Dehydrothermal, 1-ethyl-3-3-dimethyl aminopropyl carbodiimide and glutaraldehyde crosslinking treatments were first investigated for their effect on the compressive modulus of the scaffolds. After this, the most promising treatments were used to study the effects of crosslinking on cellular attachment, proliferation, and infiltration. Our experiments have demonstrated that a wide range of scaffold compressive moduli can be attained by varying the parameters of the crosslinking treatments. 1-Ethyl-3-3-dimethyl aminopropyl carbodiimide and glutaraldehyde treatments produced the stiffest scaffolds (fourfold increase when compared to dehydrothermal crosslink...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/55329
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