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Subject = Biomarkers;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 110 on page 1 of 5
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A Metabolomics Approach to the Identification of Urinary Biomarkers of Pea Intake
(2019)
Pedapati, S.C. Sri Harsha; Abdul Wahab, Roshaida; Cuparencu, Catalina; Dragsted, Lars O...
A Metabolomics Approach to the Identification of Urinary Biomarkers of Pea Intake
(2019)
Pedapati, S.C. Sri Harsha; Abdul Wahab, Roshaida; Cuparencu, Catalina; Dragsted, Lars Ove; Brennan, Lorraine
Abstract:
A significant body of evidence demonstrates that isoflavone metabolites are good markers of soy intake, while research is lacking on specific markers of other leguminous sources such as peas. In this context, the objective of our current study was to identify biomarkers of pea intake using an untargeted metabolomics approach. A randomized cross-over acute intervention study was conducted on eleven participants who consumed peas and couscous (control food) in random order. The urine samples were collected in fasting state and postprandially at regular intervals and were further analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis resulted in robust Partial least squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) models obtained for comparison of fasting against the postprandial time points (0 h vs. 4 h, (R2X = 0.41, Q2 = 0.4); 0 h vs. 6 h, ((R2X = 0.517, Q2 = 0.495)). Variables with variable i...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10663
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A novel neutrophil derived inflammatory biomarker of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis.
(2012)
Reeves, Emer P; Bergin, David A; Fitzgerald, Sean; Hayes, Elaine; Keenan, Joanne; Henry...
A novel neutrophil derived inflammatory biomarker of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis.
(2012)
Reeves, Emer P; Bergin, David A; Fitzgerald, Sean; Hayes, Elaine; Keenan, Joanne; Henry, Michael; Meleady, Paula; Vega-Carrascal, Isabel; Murray, Michelle A; Low, Teck Boon; McCarthy, Cormac; O'Brien, Emmet; Clynes, Martin; Gunaratnam, Cedric; McElvaney, Noel G
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available from Elsevier at <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156919931100172X" target="_blank" title="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156919931100172X">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science</a></p>
<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> The focus of this study was to characterize a novel biomarker for cystic fibrosis (CF) that could reflect exacerbations of the disease and could be useful for therapeutic stratification of patients, or for testing of potential drug treatments. This study focused exclusively on a protein complex containing alpha-1 antitrypsin and CD16b (AAT:CD16b) which is released into the bloodstream from membranes of pro-inflammatory primed neutrophils.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> Neutrophil membrane expression and extracellular levels of AAT and CD16b were quantified by flow cytometry, Western blot a...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/49
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A novel panel of protein biomarkers for predicting response to thalidomide-based therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
(2011)
Rajpal, Rajesh; Dowling, Paul; Meiller, Justine; Clarke, Colin; Murphy, William G.; O...
A novel panel of protein biomarkers for predicting response to thalidomide-based therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
(2011)
Rajpal, Rajesh; Dowling, Paul; Meiller, Justine; Clarke, Colin; Murphy, William G.; O'Connor, Robert; Kell, Malcolm; Mitsiades, Constantine; Richardson, Paul; Anderson, Kenneth C.; Clynes, Martin; O'Gorman, Peter
Abstract:
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous group of disorders both genotypically and phenotypically. Response to thalidomide-based induction therapy in newly diagnosed patients varies significantly in published clinical trials. Proteomic analysis was performed on 39 newly diagnosed MM patients treated with a thalidomide-based regimen (22 responders; 17 non-responders) using immunodepletion, 2-D DIGE analysis and mass spectrometry. Zinc-a-2-glycoprotein (ZAG), vitamin D-binding protein (VDB), serum amyloid-A protein (SAA) and b-2-microglobulin (B2M) had statistically significant higher concentrations in non-responders compared to responders, while haptoglobin (Hp) had a lower concentration. ELISAs were used to validate the candidate protein biomarkers using unfractionated serum from 51 newly diagnosed MM patients (29 responders; 22 non-responders). Using logistic regression, the best possible area under the curve (AUC) was 0.96 using ZAG, VDB and SAA in combination. Leave-one-out-cross...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/7348/
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A roadmap to advance delirium research: Recommendations from the NIDUS Scientific Think Tank
(2020)
Cunningham, Colm
A roadmap to advance delirium research: Recommendations from the NIDUS Scientific Think Tank
(2020)
Cunningham, Colm
Abstract:
Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition. It occurs across the life span, yet it is particularly common among older adults, and is closely linked with underlying neurocognitive disorders. Evidence is mounting that intervening on delirium may represent an important opportunity for delaying the onset or progression of dementia. To accelerate the current understanding of delirium, the Network for Investigation of Delirium: Unifying Scientists (NIDUS) held a conference "Advancing Delirium Research: A Scientific Think Tank" in June 2019. This White Paper encompasses the major knowledge and research gaps identified at the conference: advancing delirium definition and measurement, understanding delirium pathophysiology, and prevention and treatment of delirium. A roadmap of research priorities is proposed to advance the field in a systematic, interdisciplinary, and coordinated fashion. A call is made for an international consortium and biobank targeted to delirium...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/95398
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A systematic review of metabolite biomarkers of schizophrenia
(2018)
Davison, Jennifer; O'Gorman, Aoife; Brennan, Lorraine; Cotter, David R.
A systematic review of metabolite biomarkers of schizophrenia
(2018)
Davison, Jennifer; O'Gorman, Aoife; Brennan, Lorraine; Cotter, David R.
Abstract:
Current diagnosis of schizophrenia relies exclusively on the potentially subjective interpretation of clinical symptoms and social functioning as more objective biological measurement and medical diagnostic tests are not presently available. The use of metabolomics in the discovery of disease biomarkers has grown in recent years. Metabolomic methods could aid in the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers of schizophrenia. This systematic review focuses on biofluid metabolites associated with schizophrenia. A systematic search of Web of Science and Ovid Medline databases was conducted and 63 studies investigating metabolite biomarkers of schizophrenia were included. A review of these studies revealed several potential metabolite signatures of schizophrenia including reduced levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPUFAs), vitamin E and creatinine; and elevated levels of lipid peroxidation metabolites and glutamate. Further research is needed to validate these biomarkers and woul...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9339
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Age-dependent differences in pulmonary host responses in ARDS: A prospective observational cohort study
(2019)
Schouten, Laura R.; van Kaam, Anton H.; Kohse, Franziska; Veltkamp, Floor; Bos, Lieuwe ...
Age-dependent differences in pulmonary host responses in ARDS: A prospective observational cohort study
(2019)
Schouten, Laura R.; van Kaam, Anton H.; Kohse, Franziska; Veltkamp, Floor; Bos, Lieuwe D.; de Beer, Friso M.; van Hooijdonk, Roosmarijn T.; Horn, Janneke; Straat, Marleen; Witteveen, Esther; Glas, Gerie J.; Wieske, Luuk; van Vught, Lonneke A.; Wiewel, Maryse A.; Ingelse, Sarah A.; Cortjens, Bart; van Woensel, Job B.; Bos, Albert P.; Walther, Thomas; Schultz, Marcus J.
Abstract:
Background: Results from preclinical studies suggest that age-dependent differences in host defense and the pulmonary renin–angiotensin system (RAS) are responsible for observed differences in epidemiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) between children and adults. The present study compares biomarkers of host defense and RAS in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from neonates, children, adults, and older adults with ARDS. Methods: In this prospective observational study, we enrolled mechanical ventilated ARDS patients categorized into four age groups: 20 neonates (< 28 days corrected postnatal age), 29 children (28 days–18 years), 26 adults (18–65 years), and 17 older adults (> 65 years of age). All patients underwent a nondirected BAL within 72 h after intubation. Activities of the two main enzymes of RAS, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2, and levels of biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial activation, and epithelial damage were determined in BAL...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9115
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An agenda for best practice research on group singing, health, and well-being
(2019)
Dingle, Genevieve A.; Clift, Stephen; Finn, Saoirse; Gilbert, Rebekah; Groarke, Jenny M...
An agenda for best practice research on group singing, health, and well-being
(2019)
Dingle, Genevieve A.; Clift, Stephen; Finn, Saoirse; Gilbert, Rebekah; Groarke, Jenny M.; Irons, J. Yoon; Bartoli, Alice Jones; Lamont, Alexandra; Launay, Jacques; Martin, Eleanor S.; Moss, Hilary; Sanfilippo, Katie Rose; Shipton, Matthew; Stewart, Lauren; Talbot, Samantha; Tarrant, Mark; Tip, Liesbeth; Williams, Elyse J.
Abstract:
Research on choirs and other forms of group singing has been conducted for several decades and there has been a recent focus on the potential health and well-being benefits, particularly in amateur singers. Experimental, quantitative, and qualitative studies show evidence of a range of biopsychosocial and well-being benefits to singers; however, there are many challenges to rigor and replicability. To support the advances of research into group singing, the authors met and discussed theoretical and methodological issues to be addressed in future studies. The authors are from five countries and represent the following disciplinary perspectives: music psychology, music therapy, community music, clinical psychology, educational and developmental psychology, evolutionary psychology, health psychology, social psychology, and public health. This article summarizes our collective thoughts in relation to the priority questions for future group singing research, theoretical frameworks, poten...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/8795
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Analysis of messenger RNAs detectable in medium conditioned by tumour cells in serum from breast cancer patients
(2006)
Kenny, Elaine
Analysis of messenger RNAs detectable in medium conditioned by tumour cells in serum from breast cancer patients
(2006)
Kenny, Elaine
Abstract:
Biomarkers have great potential for cancer detection and monitoring, with much of this type of analysis being carried out using tumour biopsies. This approach requires invasive procedures to obtain suitable specimens and only allows analysis of gene expression at one particular time point in the history of a cancer and from one location in the body. Biomarkers detectable in readily accessible body fluids, such as scrum, saliva or urine would allow on-going/ sequential monitoring of the course of disease (progression, response to therapy, etc.). A small number of studies have indicated the possibility of amplifying extracellular mRNA from the serum and/or plasma of cancer patients supporting the potential of this route of analysis. Limitations of these studies include the small numbers of serum/plasma specimens analysed; limited numbers of gene transcripts analysed; and discrepancies in protocols used, leading to a possibility that cells circulating in the bloodstream may be include...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17984/
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Analysis of MiRNA Expression and Biomarker Potential in Common Diseases: Breast Cancer and Obesity
(2012)
Heneghan, Helen M
Analysis of MiRNA Expression and Biomarker Potential in Common Diseases: Breast Cancer and Obesity
(2012)
Heneghan, Helen M
Abstract:
The two greatest health concerns worldwide at present are cancer and obesity; both of which continue to rise in incidence and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Understanding the aetiology and mechanisms of these diseases is critical in order to develop clear and effective strategies for improving global health. Mi(cro)RNAs are a recently discovered class of short, non-coding, endogenous RNA molecules, only 18-25 nucleotides long. These small, ubiquitous molecules have been shown to play critical regulatory roles in a wide range of cellular processes. Aberrant miRNA expression has been observed in various pathological events including carcinogenesis, and in the aetiology of obesity and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, miRNAs have emerged as an exciting new class of disease biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and dysregulation of miRNAs in two common diseases; breast cancer and obesity, with particular emphasis on exploring the pote...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2944
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Application of Supervised Machine Learning to Predict the Mortality Risk in Elderly Using Biomarkers
(2017)
Sonkar, Priyanka
Application of Supervised Machine Learning to Predict the Mortality Risk in Elderly Using Biomarkers
(2017)
Sonkar, Priyanka
Abstract:
The idea of long-term survival amongst older individuals has been a major medical and social concern. A wide range of biomarkers have been identified to prospectively predict disability, morbidity, and mortality outcomes in older adult populations. The machine learning techniques applied with clinically relevant biomarkers provide new ways of understanding diseases and solutions to tackle challenges to the health of the aging population. This paper describes two supervised machine learning techniques, Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) which are used in the prediction of the mortality in elderly people. LR is one of the traditionally used predictive modeling methods in clinical research where the probability of occurrence of two classes is a dichotomous criterion whereas, SVM is an emerging classification supervised learning technique based on building models using maximum-margin hyperplane. An attempt has been made to measure the classifier accuracy of each m...
https://arrow.dit.ie/scschcomdis/110
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Assessment of biomarkers in Mytilus edulis to determine Good Environmental Status for implementation of MSFD in Ireland
(2013)
Giltrap, M.; Ronan, J.; Hardenberg, S.; Parkes, G.; McHugh, B.; McGovern, E.; Wilson, J.G.
Assessment of biomarkers in Mytilus edulis to determine Good Environmental Status for implementation of MSFD in Ireland
(2013)
Giltrap, M.; Ronan, J.; Hardenberg, S.; Parkes, G.; McHugh, B.; McGovern, E.; Wilson, J.G.
Abstract:
Candidate OSPAR/ICES recommended biomarkers at the level of the individual in Mytilus edulis for determination of good environmental status for MSFD were evaluated against contaminant levels at sites around Ireland. The sites chosen ranged from moderate to low pollution levels, but the actual ranking of the sites varied according to the contaminant levels present. At the most contaminated site, Cork, 4 out of 16 contaminants exceeded the EAC, while at Shannon, no EACs were exceeded. The SOS assay suggested that Cork was the healthiest site with a LT50 of 17.6 days, while SOS for Shannon was 15.6 days. Likewise, condition factors varied among sites and did not always correspond to contaminant-based status. There may be uncertainty in assigning status around the not good:good boundary. This raises potential difficulties not only in the biomarker/contaminant load relationship but also in the reliability of the biomarkers themselves and hence barriers meeting compliance levels.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1066
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Assessment of biomarkers in mytilus edulis to determine good environmental status for implementation of msfd in ireland
(2018)
Giltrap, M.; Ronan, J.; Hardenberg, S.; Parkes, G.; McHugh, B.; McGovern, E.; Wilson, J.G.
Assessment of biomarkers in mytilus edulis to determine good environmental status for implementation of msfd in ireland
(2018)
Giltrap, M.; Ronan, J.; Hardenberg, S.; Parkes, G.; McHugh, B.; McGovern, E.; Wilson, J.G.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11650
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Association of Selenoprotein and Selenium Pathway Genotypes with Risk of Colorectal Cancer and Interaction with Selenium Status
(2019)
Fedirko, Veronika; Jenab, Mazda; Méplan, Catherine; Hughes, David J.; et al.
Association of Selenoprotein and Selenium Pathway Genotypes with Risk of Colorectal Cancer and Interaction with Selenium Status
(2019)
Fedirko, Veronika; Jenab, Mazda; Méplan, Catherine; Hughes, David J.; et al.
Abstract:
Selenoprotein genetic variations and suboptimal selenium (Se) levels may contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We examined the association between CRC risk and genotype for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selenoprotein and Se metabolic pathway genes. Illumina Goldengate assays were designed and resulted in the genotyping of 1040 variants in 154 genes from 1420 cases and 1421 controls within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Multivariable logistic regression revealed an association of 144 individual SNPs from 63 Se pathway genes with CRC risk. However, regarding the selenoprotein genes, only TXNRD1 rs11111979 retained borderline statistical significance after adjustment for correlated tests (PACT = 0.10; PACT significance threshold was P < 0.1). SNPs in Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) and Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta-signaling genes (FRZB, SMAD3, SMAD7) from pathways affected by Se intake were also ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10809
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Biological Effects and Chemical Measurements in Irish Marine Waters
(2014)
Giltrap, Michelle; McHugh, Brendan; Ronan, Jenny; Wilson, James; McGovern, Evin
Biological Effects and Chemical Measurements in Irish Marine Waters
(2014)
Giltrap, Michelle; McHugh, Brendan; Ronan, Jenny; Wilson, James; McGovern, Evin
Abstract:
The overall aim of this project was to increase Ireland’s capacity for the generation of integrated monitoring of biological effects and chemical measurement data and for the completion of a pilot scale assessment of the quality of the Irish marine environment at a number of selected locations.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/974
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Biomarkers in Parkinson disease: studies on clinical, radiological and biological biomarkers
(2018)
Crotty, Grace F.
Biomarkers in Parkinson disease: studies on clinical, radiological and biological biomarkers
(2018)
Crotty, Grace F.
Abstract:
Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease. It affects 2 to 3 percent of those over 65 years with an age-dependent prevalence. Currently, the diagnosis of PD is hampered by the limited sensitivity and specificity of the available investigations. The diagnosis is usually made based on the clinical presentation which has a number of significant limitations. First of all, the disease has been present for decades before motor symptoms develop. Secondly, using clinical exam alone, the misdiagnosis rate remains high with both over-and under-diagnosis common. It is important to make an expeditious and correct diagnosis of PD, especially in this era of increasing interest in neuroprotective strategies for PD and other neurodegenerative conditions. Delaying the diagnosis until motor symptoms develop is suboptimal as more than 40% of dopaminergic neurons have been destroyed at this stage. We also need to ensure that true cases of PD are bein...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/7381
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Biomarkers of legume intake in human intervention and observational studies: a systematic review
(2019)
Pedapati, S.C. Sri Harsha; Abdul Wahab, Roshaida; Garcia-Aloy, Mar; Brennan, Lorraine; ...
Biomarkers of legume intake in human intervention and observational studies: a systematic review
(2019)
Pedapati, S.C. Sri Harsha; Abdul Wahab, Roshaida; Garcia-Aloy, Mar; Brennan, Lorraine; et al.
Abstract:
There is a growing interest in assessing dietary intake more accurately across different population groups and biomarkers have emerged as a complementary tool to replace traditional dietary assessment methods. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature available and evaluate the applicability and validity of biomarkers of legume intake reported across various observational and intervention studies. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge identified 44 studies which met the inclusion criteria for the review. Results from observational studies focused on soy or soy-based foods and demonstrated positive correlations between soy intake and urinary, plasma or serum isoflavonoid levels in different population groups. Similarly, intervention studies demonstrated increased genistein and daidzein levels in urine and plasma following soy intake. Both genistein and daidzein exhibited dose response relationships. Other isoflavonoid leve...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10114
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Biomarkers: are realism and control mutually exclusive in integrated pollution assessment?
(2014)
Wilson, J.G.; McHugh, B.; Giltrap, M.
Biomarkers: are realism and control mutually exclusive in integrated pollution assessment?
(2014)
Wilson, J.G.; McHugh, B.; Giltrap, M.
Abstract:
The conventional view of pollution monitoring is that any choice is a trade-off between realism and precision, as the control over confounding variables decreases with the increasing degree of organization of the test system. Dublin Bay is subject to considerable anthropogenic pressures and there have been many attempts to quantify the status of the system at organizational levels from DNA strand breaks (Comet) to the system itself (Ecological Network analysis, ENA). Using Dublin Bay as an example, the data show there was considerable variability at all levels of organization. At intracellular level, Lysosome Membrane Stability (LMS, assessed by Neutral Red Retention, NRR) varied almost 4-fold with season and individual condition, while the community level AZTI Marine biotic Index (AMBI) had a similar range within a single, supposedly homogeneous, site. Overall, there was no evidence that biomarkers of the lower levels of organisation reduced the variability of the measure, despit...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1241
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Biomarkers: are realism and control mutually exclusive in integrated pollution assessment?
(2018)
Wilson, J.G.; McHugh, B.; Giltrap, M.
Biomarkers: are realism and control mutually exclusive in integrated pollution assessment?
(2018)
Wilson, J.G.; McHugh, B.; Giltrap, M.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14441
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Biospectroscopy insights into the multi-stage process of cervical cancer development: probing for spectral biomarkers in cytology to distinguish grades
(2013)
Purandare, Nikhil C.; Patel, Imran I.; Trevisan, Júlio; Bolger, Noel; Kelehan, Ronan; v...
Biospectroscopy insights into the multi-stage process of cervical cancer development: probing for spectral biomarkers in cytology to distinguish grades
(2013)
Purandare, Nikhil C.; Patel, Imran I.; Trevisan, Júlio; Bolger, Noel; Kelehan, Ronan; von Bünau, Günther; Martin-Hirsch, Pierre L.; Prendiville, Walter J.; Martin, Francis L.
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/270196
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Blood biomarker discovery in drug-free schizophrenia: the contributionof proteomics and multiplex immunoassays.
(2016)
Sabherwal, Sophie; English, Jane A; Föcking, Melanie; Cagney, Gerard; Cotter, David R
Blood biomarker discovery in drug-free schizophrenia: the contributionof proteomics and multiplex immunoassays.
(2016)
Sabherwal, Sophie; English, Jane A; Föcking, Melanie; Cagney, Gerard; Cotter, David R
Abstract:
<p>The Version of Scholarly Record of this Article is published in Expert Review of Proteomics 2016, available online at <a href="http://tandfonline.com/">http://www.tandfonline.com/</a> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14789450.2016.1252262">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14789450.2016.1252262</a></p>
<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Recent evidence supports an association between systemic abnormalities and the pathology of psychotic disorders which has led to the search for peripheral blood-based biomarkers. Areas covered: Here, we summarize blood biomarker findings in schizophrenia from the literature identified by two methods currently driving biomarker discovery in the human proteome; mass spectrometry and multiplex immunoassay. From a total of 14 studies in the serum or plasma of drug-free schizophrenia patients; 47 proteins were found to be significantly altered twice or more, in the same direction. P...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/psychart/56
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Blood immune transcriptome analysis of artificially fed dairy calves and naturally suckled beef calves from birth to 7 days of age
(2019)
Surlis, Carla; Earley, Bernadette; McGee, Mark; Keogh, Kate; Cormican, Paul; Blackshiel...
Blood immune transcriptome analysis of artificially fed dairy calves and naturally suckled beef calves from birth to 7 days of age
(2019)
Surlis, Carla; Earley, Bernadette; McGee, Mark; Keogh, Kate; Cormican, Paul; Blackshields, Gordon; Tiernan, Katie; Dunn, Amanda; Morrison, Steven; Arguello, A.; Waters, Sinead M.
Abstract:
Neonatal calves possess a very immature and naïve immune system and are reliant on the intake of maternal colostrum for passive transfer of immunoglobulins. Variation in colostrum management of beef and dairy calves is thought to affect early immune development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine changes in gene expression and investigate molecular pathways involved in the immune-competence development of neonatal Holstein dairy calves and naturally suckled beef calves using next generation RNA-sequencing during the first week of life. Jugular whole blood samples were collected from Holstein (H) dairy calves (n = 8) artificially fed 5% B.W. colostrum, and from beef calves which were the progenies of Charolais-Limousin (CL; n = 7) and Limousin-Friesian beef suckler cows (LF; n = 7), for subsequent RNA isolation. In dairy calves, there was a surge in pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression possibly due to the stress of separation from the dam. LF calves exhibited ...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1750
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Combining biomarker and food intake data: calibration equations for citrus intake
(2019)
D'Angelo, Silvia; Gormley, Isobel Claire; McNulty, Breige A.; Brennan, Lorraine; e...
Combining biomarker and food intake data: calibration equations for citrus intake
(2019)
D'Angelo, Silvia; Gormley, Isobel Claire; McNulty, Breige A.; Brennan, Lorraine; et al.
Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Measurement error associated with self-reported dietary intake is a well-documented issue. Combining biomarkers of food intake and dietary intake data is a high priority. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to develop calibration equations for food intake, illustrated with an application for citrus intake. Further, a simulation-based framework was developed to determine the portion of biomarker data needed for stable calibration equation estimation in large population studies. METHODS:Calibration equations were developed using mean daily self-reported citrus intake (4-d semiweighed food diaries) and biomarker-derived intake (urinary proline betaine biomarker) data from participants (n = 565) as part of a cross-sectional study. Different functional specifications and biomarker transformations were tested to derive the optimal calibration equation specifications. The simulation study was developed using linear regression for the calibration equations. Stability in th...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11209
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Carotenoids and antioxidant enzymes as biomarkers of the impact of heavy metals in food chain
(2016)
Vangelis, Andrianos; Stoikou, Vasiliki; Tsikrika, Konstantina; Lamprou, Dimitra; Stansi...
Carotenoids and antioxidant enzymes as biomarkers of the impact of heavy metals in food chain
(2016)
Vangelis, Andrianos; Stoikou, Vasiliki; Tsikrika, Konstantina; Lamprou, Dimitra; Stansinos, Sotiris; Proestos, Charalampos; Zabetakis, Ioannis
Abstract:
Antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase) and carotenoids (lutein and â-carotene) are often used as biomarkers of metal contamination of water and agricultural soils. In this study, the effects of heavy metals present in irrigation water on the aforementioned carotenoids of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) and carrots (Daucus carota L.), cultivated in a greenhouse and irrigated with a water solution including different levels of Cr(VI) and Ni(II) were investigated. These results were compared to the levels of the same metabolites that had been assessed in market-available potato and carrot samples. The findings indicated that the levels of the examined metabolites on the treated with Cr and Ni samples, resemble the levels of the same parameters in the market samples, originating from polluted areas. Therefore, the antioxidant enzymes, catalase and peroxidase, and the carotenoids, lutein and â-carotene, could be handled as indicators of heavy metal pollution.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5012
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Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) – an accessible source of immunologically informative biomolecules
(2020)
Adnane, Mounir; Meade, Kieran G; O’Farrelly, Cliona
Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) – an accessible source of immunologically informative biomolecules
(2020)
Adnane, Mounir; Meade, Kieran G; O’Farrelly, Cliona
Abstract:
Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM), the product of epithelial cells lining the uterus, cervix and vagina, is secreted to facilitate uterine lubrication and microbial clearance. Predominantly composed of water and mucins, CVM also contains high levels of immuno-active proteins such as immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactoferrin and lysozyme which protect against infection by blocking adhesion and mediating microbial killing. The repertoire of cytokines, chemokines and antimicrobial peptides is predominantly generated by the secretions of endometrial epithelial cells into the uterine lumen and concentrated in the CVM. The quantity and relative proportions of these inflammatory biomarkers are affected by diverse factors including the estrus cycle and health status of the animal and therefore potentially provide important diagnostic and prognostic indicators. We propose that measuring molecular signatures in bovine CVM could be a useful approach to identifying and monitoring genital tract pathologies ...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/2305
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Changes in the hydrological cycle in tropical East Africa during the Paleocene- Eocene Thermal Maximum
(2012)
NICHOLAS, CHRISTOPHER JOHN
Changes in the hydrological cycle in tropical East Africa during the Paleocene- Eocene Thermal Maximum
(2012)
NICHOLAS, CHRISTOPHER JOHN
Abstract:
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), at ca. 55.8 Ma, is one of the most studied instances of past greenhouse gas-induced global warming. As such, it provides a rich opportunity to examine the impact of such global change on local climates. The effect of increased continental and sea surface temperatures on local precipitation and humidity during the PETM remain poorly constrained and studies reveal complex, regional differences; whilst some localities appear to experience a net increase in humidity, others exhibit the opposite. Crucially, there are few records of hydrological change from tropical regions. Recent onshore drilling expeditions in Tanzania have yielded expanded sedimentary sections, deposited in a marine environment, that span much of the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene and show exceptionally good preservation of both calcareous microfossils and organic matter. The PETM interval has previously been constrained by both biostratigraphy and carbon isotopic records an...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/63827
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