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Subject = Biomedical;
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Displaying Results 1 - 21 of 21 on page 1 of 1
Marked
Mark
A Monocular Marker-Free Gait Measurement System
(2010)
Courtney, Jane; De Paor, Annraoi M
A Monocular Marker-Free Gait Measurement System
(2010)
Courtney, Jane; De Paor, Annraoi M
Abstract:
This paper presents a new, user-friendly, portable motion capture and gait analysis system for capturing and analyzing human gait, designed as a telemedicine tool to monitor remotely the progress of patients through treatment. The system requires minimal user input and simple single-camera filming (which can be acquired from a basic webcam) making it very accessible to nontechnical, nonclinical personnel. This system can allow gait studies to acquire a much larger data set and allow trained gait analysts to focus their skills on the interpretation phase of gait analysis. The design uses a novel motion capture method derived from spatiotemporal segmentation and model-based tracking. Testing is performed on four monocular, sagittal-view, sample gait videos. Results of modeling, tracking, and analysis stages are presented with standard gait graphs and parameters compared to manually acquired data.
https://arrow.dit.ie/biodevart/7
Marked
Mark
A System for Monitoring Pressures and Spinal Curvature in Spinally Injured People Immobilised on a Spinal Raft
(2004)
De Fréin, Ruairí; Flinn, Eoin; Burke, Ted
A System for Monitoring Pressures and Spinal Curvature in Spinally Injured People Immobilised on a Spinal Raft
(2004)
De Fréin, Ruairí; Flinn, Eoin; Burke, Ted
Abstract:
We present a system designed to study the pressure at various ‘hot spots’ on the back of the body and the deformation of the spine experienced by a patient when strapped to a spinal board, and the potential alleviation of both by the addition of an inflatable “spinal raft” (or other similar device). In measuring pressure we devised a system of air-filled sacks interfaced with a PC. Each sack, placed under a particular key point on the body, is inflated until its faces just begin to separate and a switch thereby opens. The pressure reading is then captured and displayed by the computer. Seeking a non-invasive method of measuring the curvature of the vertebral column, we discovered that we could use a magnetometer to measure the vertical displacement of magnetically-tagged vertebrae from a fixed horizontal plane. The results of our study will be employed by an independent body to determine the merits or demerit of the spinal raft.
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotart/1
Marked
Mark
A Wireless and Digital Electrode Bus Topology for Biopotential Measurement
(2012)
Nolan, Mark; Burke, Edward; Coyle, Eugene
A Wireless and Digital Electrode Bus Topology for Biopotential Measurement
(2012)
Nolan, Mark; Burke, Edward; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
The conventional biopotential measurement configuration utilises long lead wires which connect measuring electrodes to signal conditioning circuitry. The majority of bioelectric signals that are measured from the human body have a tiny signal amplitude (5µV-5mV range) and thus any interference that is induced on the lead wires can have a detrimental effect on the original signal. In this paper, we present an alternative configuration, in which digitisation occurs on the electrode, potentially providing enhanced signal measurement as well as significant benefits in terms of the simplification of the physical interconnections between electrodes. Multiple electrodes are combined to form a digital electrode bus. This proposed topology represents the next stage in the evolution of bioelectric measurement as, due to the decrease in cost and size of integrated circuits, more of the bioinstrumentation circuitry is shifted away from a base measurement station and into the electrode itself. T...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/28
Marked
Mark
An electro-oculogram based system for communication and control using target position variation
(2005)
Fitzmaurice, Ronan; Burke, Ted; De Paor, Annraoi
An electro-oculogram based system for communication and control using target position variation
(2005)
Fitzmaurice, Ronan; Burke, Ted; De Paor, Annraoi
Abstract:
In this paper we describe a novel mode of human computer interaction based on gaze tracking using the electro-oculogram (EOG). Despite the relative simplicity of recording this signal, it is often discounted as a reliable method of gaze tracking because of problems arising from changing sensitivity and DC drift. We describe an original technique, Target Position Variation (TPV), which addresses this issue by presenting moving icons which, when followed with the eye, create a corresponding pattern in the EOG signal which can be used to infer the correct gaze position and to compensate for variations in sensitivity.
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/8
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An Electrooculogram-based Binary Saccade Sequence Classification (BSSC) Technique for Augmentative Communication and Control
(2009)
Keegan, Johnalan; Burke, Ted; Condron, James
An Electrooculogram-based Binary Saccade Sequence Classification (BSSC) Technique for Augmentative Communication and Control
(2009)
Keegan, Johnalan; Burke, Ted; Condron, James
Abstract:
In the field of assistive technology, the electroocu-logram (EOG) can be used as a channel of communication and the basis of a man-machine interface. For many people with severe motor disabilities, simple actions such as changing the TV channel require assistance. This paper describes a method of detecting saccadic eye movements and the use of a saccade sequence classification algorithm to facilitate communication and control. Saccades are fast eye movements that occurs when a person's gaze jumps from one fixation point to another. The classification is based on pre-defined sequences of saccades, guided by a static visual template (e.g. a page or poster). The template, consisting of a table of symbols each having a clearly identifiable fixation point, is situated within view of the user. To execute a particular command, the user moves his or her gaze through a pre-defined path of eye movements. This results in a well-formed sequence of saccades which are translated into a comma...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/3
Marked
Mark
An investigation into non-verbal sound-based modes of human-to-computer communication with rehabilitation applications
(2003)
Burke, Ted
An investigation into non-verbal sound-based modes of human-to-computer communication with rehabilitation applications
(2003)
Burke, Ted
Abstract:
During the course of our work in the National Rehabilitation Hospital in Ireland we have encountered patients who, while unable to speak, are capable of making reproducible utterances. We present techniques used to harness such utterances, in addition to whistling, as a means of communication and control. A simple technique for identifying the phonemes /o/ and /s/ (in single-symbol ARPAbet notation) is presented with applications. The use of pitch variation as a means of controlling a continuously variable parameter is described with two applications - a microcontroller based light dimmer switch and a computer program which facilitates mouse pointer control. Finally, a technique for the recognition of short note sequences is presented. A program is described which allows arbitrary commands to be executed in response to tunes either sung or whistled by the user. These commands may be used to switch on or off electrical appliances in the home.
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/7
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Augmented Control of a Hands-Free Electrolarynx
(2011)
Madden, Brian; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Augmented Control of a Hands-Free Electrolarynx
(2011)
Madden, Brian; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
During voiced speech, the larynx acts as the sound source, providing a quasi-periodic excitation of the vocal tract. Following a total laryngectomy, some people speak using an electrolarynx which employs an electromechanical actuator to perform the excitatory function of the absent larynx. Drawbacks of conventional electrolarynx designs include the monotonic sound emitted, the need for a free-hand to operate the device, and the difficulty experienced by many laryngectomees in adapting to its use. One improvement to the electrolarynx, which clinicians and users frequently suggest, is the provision of a convenient hands-free control facility. This would allow more natural use of body language, as well as enabling the user to perform other manual tasks whilst speaking. An additional enhancement is the redevelopment of the devices' actuator to remove the self-radiated buzzing sound which is emitted during operation. The overall goal of this research is to investigate the implementa...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/18
Marked
Mark
Compact Patch Antenna for Electromagnetic Interaction with Human Tissue at 434 MHz
(2009)
Curto, Sergio; McEvoy, Patrick; Bao, Xiulong; Ammann, Max
Compact Patch Antenna for Electromagnetic Interaction with Human Tissue at 434 MHz
(2009)
Curto, Sergio; McEvoy, Patrick; Bao, Xiulong; Ammann, Max
Abstract:
Single element loop, dipole and conventional square patch antennas have been used as hyperthermia applicators in the treatment of cancerous human cells at superficial depths inside the body. A smaller novel patch antenna in very close proximity to a phantom tissue model produces an enhanced specific absorption rate pattern without significant frequency detuning or impedance mismatch. The new patch increases its coupling aperture by supporting a combination of resonances that are also typical for loop, dipole and square patch antennas. For computation efficiency and clarity in the synthesized hyperthermia treatment conditions, simplified planar tri-layered tissue models interfaced with a waterbolus are used to study the permittivity loading on the antennas and the resultant specific absorption rates.
https://arrow.dit.ie/ahfrcart/15
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Design and characterisation of a micro-flow cytometer with 3D hydrodynamic focusing
(2011)
Chiavaroli, Stefano
Design and characterisation of a micro-flow cytometer with 3D hydrodynamic focusing
(2011)
Chiavaroli, Stefano
Abstract:
Recent advances in micro fabrication technology have resulted in proliferation of microscale mechanical devices, most of which are applied in the biomedical field and clinical diagnostics. One of the most promising technology platform is microflow cytometry, which requires biological cells to be focused in single file and presented in front of a detection system. The heart of a microflow cytometer is the generation of a sample stream with a diameter of the order of the particles to be measured. In order to be successfully analysed and to reduce measurement errors, particles should be focused in all three dimensions. Limitation in fabrication capability at reduced scales has resulted in adapting the macroscopic approach to a more simplified planar one. In recent years, a number of three dimensional flow focusing devices have been documented, but the "perfect" system still has to come. The primary objective of this research thesis is to demonstrate that a microdevice for 3D ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1679
Marked
Mark
Footwear Antennas for Body Area Telemetry
(2013)
Gaetano, Domenico; McEvoy, Patrick; Ammann, Max; Browne, Jacinta; Keating, Louise; Horg...
Footwear Antennas for Body Area Telemetry
(2013)
Gaetano, Domenico; McEvoy, Patrick; Ammann, Max; Browne, Jacinta; Keating, Louise; Horgan, Frances
Abstract:
Antennas designed to link footwear sensors within body centric networks are introduced with two small UWB antennas, one directional and another quasi-omnidirectional. The radiating characteristics are evaluated for three positions on a sample sports shoe using a detailed simulation model and measurements with a homogenous foot phantom. Antenna performance is assessed for resilience to close proximity loading by the footwear materials and the phantom foot.
https://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart2/68
Marked
Mark
Intelligibility of Electrolarynx Speech Using a Novel Actuator
(2010)
Madden, Brian; Nolan, Mark; Burke, Ted; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Intelligibility of Electrolarynx Speech Using a Novel Actuator
(2010)
Madden, Brian; Nolan, Mark; Burke, Ted; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
During voiced speech, the larynx provides quasi-periodic acoustic excitation of the vocal tract. Following a laryngectomy, some people speak using an electrolarynx which replaces the excitatory function of the absent larynx. Drawbacks of conventional electrolarynx designs include the buzzing monotonic sound emitted, the need for a free hand to operate the device, and difficulty experienced by many laryngectomees in adapting to its use. Despite these shortcomings, it remains the preferred method of speech rehabilitation for a substantial minority of laryngectomees. In most electrolarynxes, mechanical vibrations are produced by a linear electromechanical actuator, the armature of which percusses against a metal or plastic plate at a frequency within the range of glottal phonation. As part of the ongoing development of a hands-free alternative to the conventional electrolarynx, the authors have developed a novel actuator which is based on a lightweight pager motor similar to those used...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/13
Marked
Mark
Intelligibility of Electrolarynx Speech using a Novel Hands-Free Actuator
(2011)
Madden, Brian; Nolan, Mark; Burke, Ted; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Intelligibility of Electrolarynx Speech using a Novel Hands-Free Actuator
(2011)
Madden, Brian; Nolan, Mark; Burke, Ted; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
During voiced speech, the larynx provides quasi-periodic acoustic excitation of the vocal tract. In most electrolarynxes, mechanical vibrations are produced by a linear electromechanical actuator, the armature of which percusses against a metal or plastic plate at a frequency within the range of glottal excitation. In this paper, the intelligibility of speech produced using a novel hands-free actuator is compared to speech produced using a conventional electrolarynx. Two able-bodied speakers (one male, one female) performed a closed response test containing 28 monosyllabic words, once using a conventional electrolarynx and a second time using the novel design. The resulting audio recordings were randomized and replayed to ten listeners who recorded each word that they heard. The results show that the speech produced using the hands-free actuator was substantially more intelligible to the majority of listeners than that produced using the conventional electrolarynx. The new actuator ...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/10
Marked
Mark
Novel Bioelectrical Measurement using a Digital Biopotential Monode
(2011)
Nolan, Mark; Burke, Edward; Coyle, Eugene
Novel Bioelectrical Measurement using a Digital Biopotential Monode
(2011)
Nolan, Mark; Burke, Edward; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
In conventional biopotential recording, two or more electrodes are placed on the body. A unipolar lead records the time-varying electrical potential at a single point (relative to a reference potential) via one signal electrode. A bipolar lead records the time-varying potential difference between two points via two signal electrodes. In each case, the signal electrodes are connected to high impedance amplifier inputs, while an additional electrode provides a low-impedance path between the amplifier and human subject. Bipolar leads are usually preferred since interference appearing at both signal electrodes can be eliminated using an instrumentation amplifier with high CMRR. A drawback of bipolar lead recording is that wires must connect all electrodes to the amplifier. This paper presents preliminary work on a novel design for a digital biopotential measurement device which we call the biopotential monode.
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/21
Marked
Mark
On Improving Electrooculogram-Based Computer Mouse Systems: The Accelerometer Trigger
(2011)
Keegan, Johnalan; Burke, Edward; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
On Improving Electrooculogram-Based Computer Mouse Systems: The Accelerometer Trigger
(2011)
Keegan, Johnalan; Burke, Edward; Condron, James; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
Eye tracking is a well-established method of computer control for profoundly paralysed people (Anson et al., 2002). Cameras are commonly used to track eye movements (Morimoto et al., 2005) but one alternative is the bioelectrical signal known as the electrooculogram (EOG). There are some EOG mouse control systems that facilitate the use of GUI applications, but certain actions, which are straightforward using a conventional mouse, remain impossible. Unless the eyes are tracking a target, they move in saccades (jumps), making it impossible to voluntarily trace out smooth trajectories with one's gaze, as would be required to draw a smooth curve. The conventional paradigm for EOG mouse control maps horizontal and vertical angular displacement of the eyes onto the coordinates of the mouse pointer (Gips et al. and Estrany et al., 2008), while the head remains stationary. Reversing this paradigm, if the point of fixation remains unchanged, the EOG can measure head movement. The prese...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/19
Marked
Mark
Radio-Frequency Breast Cancer Imaging Results for a Simplified Cylindrical Phantom
(2011)
Ruvio, Giuseppe; Solimene, Raffaele; D'Alterio, Antonietta; Ammann, Max; Pierri, R...
Radio-Frequency Breast Cancer Imaging Results for a Simplified Cylindrical Phantom
(2011)
Ruvio, Giuseppe; Solimene, Raffaele; D'Alterio, Antonietta; Ammann, Max; Pierri, Rocco
Abstract:
Microwave imaging is a pervasive research field andis useful in numerous applicative diagnostic noninvasive contexts. This paper focuses on two aspects. First, we perform a numerical investigation to assess the role played by fundamental parameters (i.e. number of sensors, operating frequency bandwidth) on cancer detection. To this end, a simplified cylindrical phantom probed by ideal two-dimensional dipoles (i.e. infinitely long along the axis of invariance) is considered. Second, in order to focus on the role of the antennas, we analyze, still by numerical simulations and for a simplified breast model, how performances vary when a realistic antenna is adopted.
https://arrow.dit.ie/ahfrccon/23
Marked
Mark
Rehabilitation Engineering Universal Design Challenge
(2015)
Lowery, Madeleine
Rehabilitation Engineering Universal Design Challenge
(2015)
Lowery, Madeleine
https://arrow.dit.ie/exdes3/1
Marked
Mark
Rpgrip1 is required for rod outer segment development and ciliary protein trafcking in zebrafsh
(2019)
Raghupathy, Rakesh K.; Zhang, Xun; Liu, Fei; Kennedy, Breandán; et al.
Rpgrip1 is required for rod outer segment development and ciliary protein trafcking in zebrafsh
(2019)
Raghupathy, Rakesh K.; Zhang, Xun; Liu, Fei; Kennedy, Breandán; et al.
Abstract:
Mutations in the RPGR-interacting protein 1 (RPGRIP1) gene cause recessive Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), juvenile retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and cone-rod dystrophy. RPGRIP1 interacts with other retinal disease-causing proteins and has been proposed to have a role in ciliary protein transport; however, its function remains elusive. Here, we describe a new zebrafish model carrying a nonsense mutation in the rpgrip1 gene. Rpgrip1homozygous mutants do not form rod outer segments and display mislocalization of rhodopsin, suggesting a role for RPGRIP1 in rhodopsin-bearing vesicle trafficking. Furthermore, Rab8, the key regulator of rhodopsin ciliary trafficking, was mislocalized in photoreceptor cells of rpgrip1 mutants. The degeneration of rod cells is early onset, followed by the death of cone cells. These phenotypes are similar to that observed in LCA and juvenile RP patients. Our data indicate RPGRIP1 is necessary for rod outer segment development through regulating ciliary protein...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10208
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Mark
The Effects of Biomedical Signal Compression in Wireless Ambulatory Healthcare
(2013)
Higgins, Garreth
The Effects of Biomedical Signal Compression in Wireless Ambulatory Healthcare
(2013)
Higgins, Garreth
Abstract:
This thesis seeks to contribute to the field of ambulatory healthcare by examining methodologies to minimise the size of bioelectric signals, whilst preserving the quality of the diagnostic information contained within them. It begins by examining two compression algorithms using JPEG2000 and SPIHT based approaches. At low levels of fidelity loss, it was found that these algorithms could compress EEG data up to a Compression Ratio (CR) of 9. This level of fidelity loss was found to have little impact on the diagnostic information in the signals. Higher levels of compression were then tested, employing an automated seizure detection algorithm to analyse the loss in seizure detection levels. It was found that high levels of seizure detection performance were maintained with CRs of up to 90. An alternative approach to SPIHT-based EEG compression is presented whereby the level of quantisation is used to control the level of fidelity loss and SPIHT is employed as an entropy encoder. This...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/3796
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The Human Eye Position Control System in a Rehabilitation Setting
(2005)
Nolan, Yvonne; Burke, Ted; Boylan, C.; De Paor, Annraoi
The Human Eye Position Control System in a Rehabilitation Setting
(2005)
Nolan, Yvonne; Burke, Ted; Boylan, C.; De Paor, Annraoi
Abstract:
Our work at Ireland’s National Rehabilitation Hospital involves designing communication systems for people suffering from profound physical disabilities. One such system uses the electro-oculogram, which is an (x,y) system of voltages picked up by pairs of electrodes placed, respectively, above and below and on either side of the eyes. The eyeball has a dc polarisation between cornea and back, arising from the photoreceptor rods and cones in the retina. As the eye rotates, the varying voltages projected onto the electrodes drive a cursor over a mimic keyboard on a computer screen. Symbols are selected with a switching action derived, for example, from a blink. Experience in using this mode of communication has given us limited facilities to study the eye position control system. We present here a resulting new feedback model for rotation in either the vertical or the horizontal plane, which involves the eyeball controlled by an agonist-antagonist muscle pair, modelled by a single eq...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotart/4
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Mark
The Presence of Regional Accents in Electrolarynx Speech and the Resultant Effect on Overall Intelligibility.
(2012)
Madden, Brian; Coyle, Eugene
The Presence of Regional Accents in Electrolarynx Speech and the Resultant Effect on Overall Intelligibility.
(2012)
Madden, Brian; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
During voiced speech, the larynx provides quasi-periodic acoustic excitation of the vocal tract. In most electrolarynxes, mechanical vibrations are produced by a linear electromechanical actuator, the armature of which percusses against a metal or plastic plate at a frequency within the range of glottal excitation. In this paper, a phonological analysis of a section of results from an online perceptual intelligibility test was performed which compared speech produced using a novel hands-free electrolarynx and a commercially available electrolarynx. A portion of the test consisted of a closed-set format containing a selection of four sets of four random CVC audio samples (recorded by two speakers - 1 male, 1 female - using the Servox™ and the hands-free pager motor design). Each survey participant was requested to listen to every recording and then choose the word they thought most closely resembled the recording in which they heard. The phenomenon referred to as Irish-English, as do...
https://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/29
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Understanding the immobilisation of proteins on surfaces using molecular dynamics computer simulations
(2016)
O'Mahony, Shane
Understanding the immobilisation of proteins on surfaces using molecular dynamics computer simulations
(2016)
O'Mahony, Shane
Abstract:
The study of protein adsorption on surfaces is becoming an increasingly important topic for research since it plays a crucial role in a variety of biomedical and biotechnological applications, biomaterials and cell biology research. Specific properties of surface-based diagnostic assays and cell culture supports are often determined by the site-selective attachment of proteins to solid supports. In this thesis, we investigate two different methods of immobilising proteins: the immobilisation of the Hydrophobin protein via its “hydrophobic patch” and large-scale but weak van der Waals interactions; and the immobilisation of the TagRFP protein using hexahistidine tags and fewer but stronger electrostatic interactions. Our simulations show that the Hydrophobin protein prefers to use its hydrophobic patch to adsorb to hydrophobic surfaces while it adsorbs to hydrophilic surfaces with its opposite side. On the other hand, our simulations confirm that increasing the number of hexahistidin...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/7757
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Dublin Institute of Technology (17)
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