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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 39 on page 1 of 2
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A cognitive occupation-based programme for people with multiple sclerosis: a study to test feasibility and clinical outcomes
(2019)
Reilly, Sean; Hynes, Sinéad M.
A cognitive occupation-based programme for people with multiple sclerosis: a study to test feasibility and clinical outcomes
(2019)
Reilly, Sean; Hynes, Sinéad M.
Abstract:
Cognitive impairments are common in MS and affect personal, social, and occupational functioning. There is a developing body of evidence highlighting the role of cognitive rehabilitation, but there is still no evidence for a validated holistic approach. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Cognitive Occupation-Based Programme for People with Multiple Sclerosis (COB-MS) for improving daily life and cognitive impairment. This study used an experimental pretest/posttest design with eight-week follow-up. Participants were recruited from MS networks using convenience sampling. The primary outcome measure was the GAS. Secondary outcomes included the OSA-DLS, CVLT-II, BVMT-R, SDMT, TMT, BRIEF-A, and EMQ-R. Twelve participants were recruited, aged 39-73 years (mean: 55.08; SD: 9.61). There were statistically significant improvements in the GAS (p
This research was supported by funding from the National University of Ireland Galway Millennium Fund 2016/2017.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15026
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A multi-centre retrospective study of rituximab use in the treatment of relapsed or resistant warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
(2018)
Maung, Su W.; Leahy, Maeve; O'Leary, Hilary M.; Khan, Irfan; Cahill, Mary R.; Gill...
A multi-centre retrospective study of rituximab use in the treatment of relapsed or resistant warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
(2018)
Maung, Su W.; Leahy, Maeve; O'Leary, Hilary M.; Khan, Irfan; Cahill, Mary R.; Gilligan, Oonagh; Murphy, Philip; McPherson, Suzanne; Jackson, Fred; Ryan, Mary; Hennessy, Brian; McHugh, Johnny; Goodyer, Matthew; Bacon, Larry; O'Gorman, Peter; Nee, Aisling; O'Dwyer, Michael; Enright, Helen; Saunders, Jean; O'Keeffe, Denis
Abstract:
This retrospective analysis assessed the response, safety and duration of response to standard dose rituximab 375 mg/m(2) weekly for four weeks as therapy for patients with primary or secondary warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (WAIHA), who had failed initial treatment. Thirty-four patients received rituximab for WAIHA in seven centres in the Republic of Ireland. The overall response rate was 70 center dot 6% (24/34) with 26 center dot 5% (9/34) achieving a complete response (CR). The time to response was 1 month post-initiation of rituximab in 87 center dot 5% (21/24) and 3 months in 12 center dot 5% (3/24) of patients. The median duration of follow-up was 36 months (range 6-90 months). Of the patients who responded, 50% (12/24) relapsed during follow up with a median time to next treatment of 16 center dot 5 months (range 6-60 months). Three patients were re-treated with rituximab 375 mg/m2 weekly for four weeks at relapse and responded. There was a single episode of neutropenic ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12686
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A phase i dose-escalation study of msc1992371a, an oral inhibitor of aurora and other kinases, in advanced hematologic malignancies
(2018)
Graux, Carlos; Sonet, Anne; Maertens, Johan; Duyster, Justus; Greiner, Jochen; Chalando...
A phase i dose-escalation study of msc1992371a, an oral inhibitor of aurora and other kinases, in advanced hematologic malignancies
(2018)
Graux, Carlos; Sonet, Anne; Maertens, Johan; Duyster, Justus; Greiner, Jochen; Chalandon, Yves; Martinelli, Giovanni; Hess, Dagmar; Heim, Dominik; Giles, Francis J.; Kelly, Kevin R.; Gianella-Borradori, Athos; Longerey, Blandine; Asatiani, Ekaterine; Rejeb, Narmyn; Ottmann, Oliver G.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11716
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A qualitative study of the development of health literacy capacities of participants attending a community-based cardiovascular health programme
(2018)
McKenna, Verna; Sixsmith, Jane; Barry, Margaret
A qualitative study of the development of health literacy capacities of participants attending a community-based cardiovascular health programme
(2018)
McKenna, Verna; Sixsmith, Jane; Barry, Margaret
Abstract:
Health literacy is a critical determinant of health, which can empower individuals and lead to engagement in collective health promotion action and is also a crucial component in the self-management of illness. The current study moves beyond a focus on functional health literacy and presents findings from a longitudinal qualitative (LQ) study consisting of three phases. This paper presents findings from the second phase of the study, which assessed the development of health literacy capacities of individuals attending a structured cardiovascular risk reduction programme in Ireland. The study objectives were to: explore perceptions of changes in interactions and information exchange within health consultations; identify the facilitators associated with changes in health literacy capacities; assess developments in engagement with broader contexts for health literacy capacities. A LQ study design was undertaken, which employed repeat interview methodology with 19 participants (aged 36-...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12821
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Addressing market segmentation and incentives for risk selection: how well does risk equalisation in the Irish private health insurance market work?
(2017)
Keegan, Conor; Teljeur, Conor; Turner, Brian; Thomas, Steve
Addressing market segmentation and incentives for risk selection: how well does risk equalisation in the Irish private health insurance market work?
(2017)
Keegan, Conor; Teljeur, Conor; Turner, Brian; Thomas, Steve
Abstract:
This study assesses the efficacy of Ireland’s recently introduced risk equalisation scheme in its voluntary health insurance market. Robust risk equalisation is especially important in an Irish context given acute risk segmentation and incentives for risk selection that have evolved within the market. Using uniquely acquired VHI data (N=1,235,922) this analysis assesses the predictive efficacy of both current and alternative risk equalisation specifications. Results suggest that the low predictive power of the current risk equalisation design (R2 = 6.8 per cent) is not appropriately correcting for anti-competitive incentives and asymmetries in the market. Improvements to the current design could be achieved through the introduction of diagnosis-based risk adjusters.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3987
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Aliskiren alone or with other antihypertensives in the elderly with borderline and stage 1 hypertension: the apollo trial
(2018)
Teo, K. K.; Pfeffer, M.; Mancia, G.; O'Donnell, M.; Dagenais, G.; Diaz, R.; Dans, ...
Aliskiren alone or with other antihypertensives in the elderly with borderline and stage 1 hypertension: the apollo trial
(2018)
Teo, K. K.; Pfeffer, M.; Mancia, G.; O'Donnell, M.; Dagenais, G.; Diaz, R.; Dans, A.; Liu, L.; Bosch, J.; Joseph, P.; Copland, I.; Jung, H.; Pogue, J.; Yusuf, S.; ,
Abstract:
Aims We studied the unclear question whether blood pressure (BP) lowering reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) in elderly individuals with systolic BP <160 mm Hg. Methods and results We initiated a randomized placebo-controlled stratified 2 x 2 factorial clinical trial evaluating the effects of BP lowering in 11 000 elderly individuals with systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 130 and 159 mm Hg, for 5 years. Following 5-week active run-in, participants were randomized to aliskiren (300 mg) or placebo, and to an additional antihypertensive [hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) or amlodipine (5 mg)], or their respective placeboes. Study was terminated by sponsor after 1759 subjects (age 72.1 +/- 5.2 years, 88% receiving at least one antihypertensive) were randomized and followed for 0.6 year. Study drugs were well tolerated with few serious adverse events during run-in and after randomization, with no significant differences between treatment groups. By design, three levels of BP r...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14132
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An evaluation of on-tool shrouds for controlling respirable crystalline silica in restoration stone work
(2018)
An evaluation of on-tool shrouds for controlling respirable crystalline silica in restoration stone work
(2018)
Abstract:
Objectives: The task of grinding sandstone with a 5-inch angle grinder is a major source of exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS), known to cause diseases such as silicosis and lung cancer among workers who work with these materials. A shroud may be a suitable engineering control for this task. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of four commercially available shrouds at reducing respirable dust and RCS levels during the task of grinding sandstone using tools and accessories typical of restoration stone work. Methods: The task of grinding sandstone with a 5-inch angle grinder, equipped with different grinding wheels, was carried out over three trials at a restoration stone masonry site. Photometric and RCS data were collected when a 5-inch grinder, equipped with different grinding wheels, was used to grind sandstone with and without a shroud. A total of 24 short duration samples were collected for each no shroud and with shroud combination. Work...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11863
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Angiogenesis inhibitor therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma: toxicity and treatment patterns in clinical practice from a global medical chart review
(2018)
OH, WILLIAM K.; McDERMOTT, DAVID; PORTA, CAMILLO; LEVY, ANTONIN; ELAIDI, REZA; SCOTTE, ...
Angiogenesis inhibitor therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma: toxicity and treatment patterns in clinical practice from a global medical chart review
(2018)
OH, WILLIAM K.; McDERMOTT, DAVID; PORTA, CAMILLO; LEVY, ANTONIN; ELAIDI, REZA; SCOTTE, FLORIAN; HAWKINS, ROBERT; CASTELLANO, DANIEL; BELLMUNT, JOAQUIM; RHA, SUN YOUNG; SUN, JONG-MU; NATHAN, PAUL; FEINBERG, BRUCE A.; SCOTT, JEFFREY; McDERMOTT, RAY; AHN, JIN-HEE; WAGSTAFF, JOHN; CHANG, YEN-HWA; OU, YEN-CHUAN; DONNELLAN, PAUL
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to assess the treatment patterns and safety of sunitinib, sorafenib and bevacizumab in real-world clinical settings in US, Europe and Asia. Medical records were abstracted at 18 community oncology clinics in the US and at 21 tertiary oncology centers in US, Europe and Asia for 883 patients 18 years who had histologically/cytologically confirmed diagnosis of advanced RCC and received sunitinib (n=631), sorafenib (n=207) or bevacizumab (n=45) as first-line treatment. No prior treatment was permitted. Data were collected on all adverse events (AEs) and treatment modifications, including discontinuation, interruption and dose reduction. Treatment duration was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Demographics were similar across treatment groups and regions. Median treatment duration ranged from 6.1 to 10.7 months, 5.1 to 8.5 months and 7.5 to 9.8 months for sunitinib, sorafenib and bevacizumab patients, respectively. Grade 3/4 AEs were experienced by 26.0, 28...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13337
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Anti-RSV prophylaxis efficacy for infants and young children with cystic fibrosis in Ireland
(2015)
Linnane, Barry; Kiernan, Miranda G.; O'Connell, Nuala H.; Kearse, Linda; Dunne, Co...
Anti-RSV prophylaxis efficacy for infants and young children with cystic fibrosis in Ireland
(2015)
Linnane, Barry; Kiernan, Miranda G.; O'Connell, Nuala H.; Kearse, Linda; Dunne, Colum P.
Abstract:
Rationale: There is limited evidence supporting the routine use of palivizumab in paediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients to reduce respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and related hospitalisation. Despite this, anti-RSV prophylaxis is increasingly common. This is the first report from Ireland regarding palivizumab outcomes for children with CF, under 2 years old, despite the greatest prevalence of CF globally. Methods: An audit was performed at a tertiary hospital in Ireland’s mid-West to document all children with CF, <24 months old, who received palivizumab over a five year period and comparision made with all eligible children for the prior five year period who had not received the product (also CF patients). Palivizumab was administered to both cohorts in their first year of life. Hospitalisation rates were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Incidence of RSV and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was recorded. Results: A total of 19 patients who received palivizumab w...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4836
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Breast-cancer adjuvant therapy with zoledronic acid
(2018)
Coleman, Robert E.; Marshall, Helen; Cameron, David; Dodwell, David; Burkinshaw, Roger;...
Breast-cancer adjuvant therapy with zoledronic acid
(2018)
Coleman, Robert E.; Marshall, Helen; Cameron, David; Dodwell, David; Burkinshaw, Roger; Keane, Maccon; Gil, Miguel; Houston, Stephen J.; Grieve, Robert J.; Barrett-Lee, Peter J.; Ritchie, Diana; Pugh, Julia; Gaunt, Claire; Rea, Una; Peterson, Jennifer; Davies, Claire; Hiley, Victoria; Gregory, Walter; Bell, Richard
Abstract:
BACKGROUND Data suggest that the adjuvant use of bisphosphonates reduces rates of recurrence and death in patients with early-stage breast cancer. We conducted a study to determine whether treatment with zoledronic acid, in addition to standard adjuvant therapy, would improve disease outcomes in such patients. METHODS In this open-label phase 3 study, we randomly assigned 3360 patients to receive standard adjuvant systemic therapy either with or without zoledronic acid. The zoledronic acid was administered every 3 to 4 weeks for 6 doses and then every 3 to 6 months to complete 5 years of treatment. The primary end point of the study was disease-free survival. A second interim analysis revealed that a prespecified boundary for lack of benefit had been crossed. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 59 months, there was no significant between-group difference in the primary end point, with a rate of disease-free survival of 77% in each group (adjusted hazard ratio in the zoledronic acid gro...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10843
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Canakinumab treatment for patients with active recurrent or chronic tnf receptor-associated periodic syndrome (traps): an open-label, phase ii study
(2018)
Gattorno, Marco; Obici, Laura; Cattalini, Marco; Tormey, Vincent; Abrams, Ken; Davis, N...
Canakinumab treatment for patients with active recurrent or chronic tnf receptor-associated periodic syndrome (traps): an open-label, phase ii study
(2018)
Gattorno, Marco; Obici, Laura; Cattalini, Marco; Tormey, Vincent; Abrams, Ken; Davis, Nicole; Speziale, Antonio; Bhansali, Suraj G; Martini, Alberto; Lachmann, Helen J
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of canakinumab, a high-affinity human monoclonal anti-interleukin-1 beta antibody, in inducing complete or almost complete responses in patients with active tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). Methods Twenty patients (aged 7-78 years) with active recurrent or chronic TRAPS were treated with canakinumab 150 mg every 4 weeks for 4 months (2 mg/kg for those 40 kg) in this open-label, proof-of-concept, phase II study. Canakinumab was then withdrawn for up to 5 months, with reintroduction on relapse, and 4 weekly administration (subsequently increased to every 8 weeks) for 24 months. The primary efficacy variable was the proportion of patients achieving complete or almost complete response at day 15, defined as clinical remission (Physician's Global Assessment score &lt;= 1) and full or partial serological remission. Results Nineteen patients (19/20, 95%; 95% CI 75.1% to 99.9%) achieved the primary efficacy...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11593
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Commonly used disinfectants fail to eradicate salmonella enterica biofilms from food contact surface materials
(2018)
Corcoran, M.; Morris, D.; De Lappe, N.; O'Connor, J.; Lalor, P.; Dockery, P.; Corm...
Commonly used disinfectants fail to eradicate salmonella enterica biofilms from food contact surface materials
(2018)
Corcoran, M.; Morris, D.; De Lappe, N.; O'Connor, J.; Lalor, P.; Dockery, P.; Cormican, M.
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Salmonellosis is the second most common cause of food-borne illness worldwide. Contamination of surfaces in food processing environments may result in biofilm formation with a risk of food contamination. Effective decontamination of biofilm-contaminated surfaces is challenging. Using the CDC biofilm reactor, the activities of sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, and benzalkonium chloride were examined against an early (48-h) and relatively mature (168-h) Salmonella biofilm. All 3 agents result in reduction in viable counts of Salmonella; however, only sodium hydroxide resulted in eradication of the early biofilm. None of the agents achieved eradication of mature biofilm, even at the 90-min contact time. Studies of activity of chemical disinfection against biofilm should include assessment of activity against mature biofilm. The difficulty of eradication of established Salmonella biofilm serves to emphasize the priority of preventing access of Salmonella to postcook areas of food p...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10910
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Comparison of approaches for rational siRNA design leading to a new efficient and transparent method
(2007)
Matveeva, Olga; Nechipurenko, Yury; Rossi, Leo; Moore, Barry; Saetrom, Pal; Ogurtsov, A...
Comparison of approaches for rational siRNA design leading to a new efficient and transparent method
(2007)
Matveeva, Olga; Nechipurenko, Yury; Rossi, Leo; Moore, Barry; Saetrom, Pal; Ogurtsov, Aleksey Y.; Atkins, John F.; Shabalina, Svetlana A.
Abstract:
Current literature describes several methods for the design of efficient siRNAs with 19 perfectly matched base pairs and 2 nt overhangs. Using four independent databases totaling 3336 experimentally verified siRNAs, we compared how well several of these methods predict siRNA cleavage efficiency. According to receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and correlation analyses, the best programs were BioPredsi, ThermoComposition and DSIR. We also studied individual parameters that significantly and consistently correlated with siRNA efficacy in different databases. As a result of this work we developed a new method which utilizes linear regression fitting with local duplex stability, nucleotide position-dependent preferences and total G/C content of siRNA duplexes as input parameters. The new method's discrimination ability of efficient and inefficient siRNAs is comparable with that of the best methods identified, but its parameters are more obviously related to the mechanisms of s...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5032
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Complementary and alternative medicine use in oncology: a questionnaire survey of patients and health care professionals
(2018)
Chang, Kah Hoong; Brodie, Rachel; Choong, Mei Ann; Sweeney, Karl J; Kerin, Michael J
Complementary and alternative medicine use in oncology: a questionnaire survey of patients and health care professionals
(2018)
Chang, Kah Hoong; Brodie, Rachel; Choong, Mei Ann; Sweeney, Karl J; Kerin, Michael J
Abstract:
Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use among cancer patients and non-cancer volunteers, and to assess the knowledge of and attitudes toward CAM use in oncology among health care professionals. Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire survey conducted in a single institution in Ireland. Survey was performed in outpatient and inpatient settings involving cancer patients and non-cancer volunteers. Clinicians and allied health care professionals were asked to complete a different questionnaire. Results: In 676 participants including 219 cancer patients; 301 non-cancer volunteers and 156 health care professionals, the overall prevalence of CAM use was 32.5% (29.1%, 30.9% and 39.7% respectively in the three study cohorts). Female gender (p &lt; 0.001), younger age (p = 0.004), higher educational background (p &lt; 0.001), higher annual household income (p = 0.001), private health insuran...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10743
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Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) in the treatment of borderline personality disorder
(2018)
O'Connell, B.; Dowling, Maura
Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) in the treatment of borderline personality disorder
(2018)
O'Connell, B.; Dowling, Maura
Abstract:
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a complex disorder that is difficult to treat. Five psychotherapeutic approaches are used in the management of BPD. These include cognitive behavioural therapy, mentalization-based therapy, schema-focused therapy, transference-focused therapy and dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT). Of the five approaches used to manage BPD, DBT has been studied the most extensively. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a multi-pronged approach comprising of skills-based training, individual psychotherapy, telephone calls and consultation team meetings. DBT can have a positive effect on therapists, shifting therapeutic pessimism towards one of optimism with DBT therapists also describing personal changes resulting from their work with clients. A considerable number of trials have been conducted as DBT was developed in the early 1990s, and most support the usefulness of BPD in the treatment of BPD. However, two Cochrane reviews conclude that more research is...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14683
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Differential impact of hormone receptor status on survival and recurrence for her2 receptor-positive breast cancers treated with trastuzumab
(2018)
McGuire, Andrew; Kalinina, Olga; Holian, Emma; Curran, Catherine; Malone, Carmel A.; Mc...
Differential impact of hormone receptor status on survival and recurrence for her2 receptor-positive breast cancers treated with trastuzumab
(2018)
McGuire, Andrew; Kalinina, Olga; Holian, Emma; Curran, Catherine; Malone, Carmel A.; McLaughlin, Ray; Lowery, Aoife; Brown, James A. L.; Kerin, Michael J.
Abstract:
Introduction Hormone receptor status has major implications for treatment and survival of breast cancer. Yet the impact of hormone receptor status on outcome after Trastuzumab has received little attention. The objective here was to explore any differential effects of Trastuzumab treatment (Trast +ve) on Luminal B HER2 or HER2+(ER-) breast cancer subtypes. Methods A cohort of 469 HER2 receptor-positive breast cancers was categorised by molecular subtype and Trastuzumab treatment. Effects of Trastuzumab treatment on survival, locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis were investigated by subtype, using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 patients had significant improvements in 5-year DFS (p &lt; 0.001) and OS (p &lt; 0.001), while Trast +ve HER2+(ER-) patients had significant improvements in 5-year DFS (p = 0.012) alone. Only Trast +ve Luminal B HER2 cancers displayed a significant reduction in LRR rates (p &lt; 0.001)....
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12803
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Efficacy of viral load suppression on life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus patients: a literature review
(2020)
Bwambale Kyamakya, Moses; Niranjan, Vikram
Efficacy of viral load suppression on life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus patients: a literature review
(2020)
Bwambale Kyamakya, Moses; Niranjan, Vikram
Abstract:
In a bid mitigate the spread of HIV and AIDS since it was diagnosed, several interventions ranging from palliative care, increased access to HIV treatment to manage opportunistic infections and the current drive of improving clinical outcomes through suppression of viral load are all aimed at prolonging survival of HIV and AIDS patients. The authors endeavour to corroborate the effect of viral load (VL) suppression on ART HIV patients. The authors applied a comprehensive search by merging terms for survival of HIV patients to clinical, demographic and socio-economic factors in NCBI and MEDLINE databases. About 15 articles were considered by outlining research questions, generating key words and search terminologies. Only articles published since 2013 during scale up of VL interventions were considered. It is worth noting that unsuppressed VL clinically decisively causes death in HIV/AIDS patients, propelled by a number of associated causes including opportunistic infections (OIs) Tu...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/8566
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Formulation strategies to improve oral peptide delivery
(2016)
Maher, Sam; Ryan, Ben; Duffy, Aoife; Brayden, David James
Formulation strategies to improve oral peptide delivery
(2016)
Maher, Sam; Ryan, Ben; Duffy, Aoife; Brayden, David James
Abstract:
Delivery of peptides by the oral route greatly appeals due to commercial, patient convenience and scientific arguments. While there are over 60 injectable peptides marketed worldwide, and many more in development, most delivery strategies do not yet adequately overcome the barriers to oral delivery. Peptides are sensitive to chemical and enzymatic degradation in the intestine, and are poorly permeable across the intestinal epithelium due to sub-optimal physicochemical properties. A successful oral peptide delivery technology should protect potent peptides from presystemic degradation and improve epithelial permeation to achieve a target oral bioavailability with acceptable intra-subject variability. This review provides a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the current status of oral peptide delivery with an emphasis on patented formulations that are yielding promising clinical data.
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
European Commission - Seventh Framework Prog...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7343
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Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2018)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Gastrointestinal nematode control practices on lowland sheep farms in ireland with reference to selection for anthelmintic resistance
(2018)
Patten, Thomas; Good, Barbara; Hanrahan, James P; Mulcahy, Grace; de Waal, Theo
Abstract:
Gastrointestinal parasitism is a widely recognised problem in sheep production, particularly for lambs. While anthelmintics have a pivotal role in controlling the effects of parasites, there is a paucity of data on how farmers use anthelmintics. A representative sample of Irish lowland farmers were surveyed regarding their parasite control practices and risk factors that may contribute to the development of anthelmintic resistance. Questionnaires were distributed to 166 lowland Irish sheep producers. The vast majority of respondents treated their sheep with anthelmintics. Lambs were the cohort treated most frequently, the majority of farmers followed a set programme as opposed to treating at sign of disease. A substantial proportion (61%) administered four or more treatments to lambs in a 'normal' year. Departures from best practice in anthelmintic administration that would encourage the development of anthelmintic resistance were observed. In conclusion, in the light of a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13427
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Highly sensitive b cell analysis predicts response to rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis
(2018)
Dass, Shouvik; Rawstron, Andy C.; Vital, Edward M.; Henshaw, Karen; McGonagle, Dennis; ...
Highly sensitive b cell analysis predicts response to rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis
(2018)
Dass, Shouvik; Rawstron, Andy C.; Vital, Edward M.; Henshaw, Karen; McGonagle, Dennis; Emery, Paul
Abstract:
Objective. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), B cell depletion occurs in all patients treated with rituximab, but the clinical responses to rituximab are variable. A highly sensitive assay was used to test the hypothesis that B cell depletion is variable, and that incomplete depletion leads to a poorer outcome. Methods. Sixty patients with active RA unresponsive to anti-tumor necrosis factor agents received two I-gram infusions of rituximab. B cell numbers were measured by highly sensitive flow cytometry before and after each infusion and at 3-month intervals thereafter. A reduction in B cell levels below 0.0001 x 10(9)/liter was defined as complete depletion (compared with 0.05 x 109/liter by conventional cytometry). Clinical responses were measured using the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria. Results. At 6 months, 92% of patients had a moderate-to-good clinical response according to the EULAR criteria. B cells were detected in 63% of patients after the first infusion ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11068
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Identification and characterization of kidney transplants with good glomerular filtration rate at 1 year but subsequent progressive loss of renal function
(2018)
Park, Walter D.; Larson, Timothy S.; Griffin, Matthew D.; Stegall, Mark D.
Identification and characterization of kidney transplants with good glomerular filtration rate at 1 year but subsequent progressive loss of renal function
(2018)
Park, Walter D.; Larson, Timothy S.; Griffin, Matthew D.; Stegall, Mark D.
Abstract:
Background. After the first year after kidney transplantation, 3% to 5% of grafts fail each year but detailed studies of how grafts progress to failure are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the functional stability of kidney transplants between 1 and 5 years after transplantation and to identify initially well-functioning grafts with progressive decline in allograft function. Methods. The study included 788 adult conventional kidney transplants performed at the Mayo Clinic Rochester between January 2000 and December 2005 with a minimum graft survival and follow-up of 2.6 years. The modification of diet in renal disease equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR(MDRD)) was used to calculate the slope of renal function over time using all available serum creatinine values between 1 and 5 years after transplantation. Results. Most transplants demonstrated good function (eGFR(MDRD) &gt;= 40 mL/min) at 1 year with positive eGFR(MDRD) slope between 1 and 5 years a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13410
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Impact of adverse events, treatment modifications, and dose intensity on survival among patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line sunitinib: a medical chart review across ten centers in five european countries
(2018)
Porta, Camillo; Levy, Antonin; Hawkins, Robert; Castellano, Daniel; Bellmunt, Joaquim; ...
Impact of adverse events, treatment modifications, and dose intensity on survival among patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line sunitinib: a medical chart review across ten centers in five european countries
(2018)
Porta, Camillo; Levy, Antonin; Hawkins, Robert; Castellano, Daniel; Bellmunt, Joaquim; Nathan, Paul; McDermott, Ray; Wagstaff, John; Donnellan, Paul; McCaffrey, John; Vekeman, Francis; Neary, Maureen P.; Diaz, Jose; Mehmud, Faisal; Duh, Mei Sheng
Abstract:
Angiogenesis inhibitors have become standard of care for advanced and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but data on the impact of adverse events (AEs) and treatment modifications associated with these agents are limited. Medical records were abstracted at 10 tertiary oncology centers in Europe for 291 patients &gt;= 18 years old treated with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced RCC (no prior systemic treatment for advanced disease). Logistic regression models were estimated to compare dose intensity among patients who did and did not experience AEs during the landmark periods (18, 24, and 30 weeks). Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the possible relationship of low-dose intensity (defined using thresholds of 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) and treatment modifications during the landmark periods to survival. 64.4% to 67.9% of patients treated with sunitinib reported at least one AE of any grade, and approximately 10% of patients experienced at least one...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13505
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Molecular epidemiology of sexually transmitted human papillomavirus in a self referred group of women in Ireland
(2009)
Menton, John F.; Cremin, Suzanne M.; Canier, Lydie; Horgan, Mary; Fanning, Liam J.
Molecular epidemiology of sexually transmitted human papillomavirus in a self referred group of women in Ireland
(2009)
Menton, John F.; Cremin, Suzanne M.; Canier, Lydie; Horgan, Mary; Fanning, Liam J.
Abstract:
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer and external genital warts. The purpose of this study is to document the genotype distribution of HPV in females aged between 18 and 34 who self-referred to an STI clinic with visible external genital warts (EGW). Scrapings were taken from visible external genital warts (EGW). These scrapings were analysed by PCR for the presence of HPV DNA. Positive samples were then genotyped by means of a commercially available assay (LiPA). A comparison of genotyping results determined by the LiPA assay and direct amplicon DNA sequencing was also performed. Results: Ninety-two patients out of 105 samples (88%) had detectable levels of HPV DNA. The majority of individuals with EGW (66%) showed the presence of two or more genotypes. The most common HPV genotypes present in the study population were HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-33 and HPV-53. Potential effects of vaccination on HPV molecular epidemiology indicate that 40% of the pa...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2754
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No effect of a musical intervention on stress response to venepuncture in a neonatal population
(2019)
Howard, Caoimhe; Powell, Anna S.; Pavlidis, Elena; Pavel, Andreea; Finn, Daragh; Allen,...
No effect of a musical intervention on stress response to venepuncture in a neonatal population
(2019)
Howard, Caoimhe; Powell, Anna S.; Pavlidis, Elena; Pavel, Andreea; Finn, Daragh; Allen, Andrew; Olavarría-Ramírez, Loreto; Clarke, Gerard; Livingstone, Vicki; Boylan, Geraldine B.; Dempsey, Eugene M.
Abstract:
Aim: To investigate the effect of a musical intervention on neonatal stress response to venepuncture as measured by salivary cortisol levels and pain profile scores. Methods: In a randomised control crossover trial, participants were randomised to both a control arm (sucrose) and intervention arm (sucrose and music) for routine venepuncture procedures. Salivary swabs were collected at baseline, 20 minutes post‐venepuncture and 4 hours post‐venepuncture. Pain levels were assessed using the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP). A total of 16 preterm neonates participated in both arms to complete the study. Results: Cortisol values were elevated at all timepoints in the intervention arm (baseline, 20 minutes, and 4 hours post‐procedure) but not significantly so (P = .056, P = .3, and P = .575, respectively). Median change in cortisol values from baseline was +128.48 pg/mL (−47.66 to 517.02) at 20 minutes and +393.52 pg/mL (47.88‐1221.34) at 4 hours post‐procedure in the control arm com...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9804
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Optimizing the dose of intrathecal morphine in older patients undergoing hip arthroplasty
(2018)
Murphy, P. M.; Stack, D.; Kinirons, B.; Laffey, J. G.
Optimizing the dose of intrathecal morphine in older patients undergoing hip arthroplasty
(2018)
Murphy, P. M.; Stack, D.; Kinirons, B.; Laffey, J. G.
Abstract:
Intrathecal (IT) morphine provides excellent postoperative analgesia but may result in many side effects, including postoperative nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and respiratory depression, particularly at larger doses. Older patients may be at particular risk. The optimal dose of spinal morphine in older patients undergoing hip arthroplasty is not known. We designed this prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blinded study to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and side effect profile of 50-200 mug of IT morphine in older patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty. Sixty patients older than 65 years undergoing elective hip arthroplasty were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive spinal anesthesia with 15 mg of bupivacaine and IT morphine in four groups: 1) 0 mug, 2) 50 mug, 3) 100 mug, and 4) 200 mug. IT morphine 100 and 200 mug produced effective pain relief and decreased the postoperative requirement for morphine compared with control. IT morphine 50 mug did not provide...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9612
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