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Subject = Equilibrium;
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Displaying Results 1 - 10 of 10 on page 1 of 1
Marked
Mark
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2017)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.;...
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2017)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.; Forrestal, Patrick J.; Richards, Karl G.; Fenton, Owen
Abstract:
During laboratory assessment of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), determining equilibrium at various pressures is challenging. This study establishes a methodological framework to identify appropriate experimental duration at each pressure step for the construction of SWCCs via centrifugation. Three common temporal approaches to equilibrium – 24-, 48- and 72-h – are examined, for a grassland and arable soil. The framework highlights the differences in equilibrium duration between the two soils. For both soils, the 24-h treatment significantly overestimated saturation. For the arable site, no significant difference was observed between the 48- and 72-h treatments. Hence, a 48-h treatment was sufficient to determine ‘effective equilibrium’. For the grassland site, the 48- and 72-h treatments differed significantly. This highlights that a more prolonged duration is necessary for some soils to conclusively determine that effective equilibrium has been reached. This framework c...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1147
Marked
Mark
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2017)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.;...
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2017)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.; Forrestal, Patrick J.; Richards, Karl G.; Fenton, Owen
Abstract:
During laboratory assessment of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), determining equilibrium at various pressures, is challenging. This study establishes a methodological framework to identify appropriate experimental duration at each pressure step for construction of SWCCs via centrifugation. Three common temporal approaches to equilibrium, (24, 48 and 72 h) are examined, for a grassland and arable soil. The framework highlighted differences in equilibrium duration between the two soils. For both soils, the 24-h treatment significantly overestimated saturation. For the arable site, no significant difference was observed between the 48 and 72-h treatments. Hence, a 48-h treatment was sufficient to determine effective equilibrium. For the grassland site, the 48 and 72-h treatments differed significantly. This highlights that a more prolonged duration is necessary for some soils to conclusively determine that effective equilibrium has been reached. This framework can be appli...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/6672
Marked
Mark
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2018)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.;...
A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation
(2018)
Vero, Sara E.; Healy, Mark G.; Henry, Tiernan; Creamer, Rachel E.; Ibrahim, Tristan G.; Forrestal, Patrick J.; Richards, Karl G.; Fenton, Owen
Abstract:
xDuring laboratory assessment of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), determining equilibrium at various pressures is challenging. This study establishes a methodological framework to identify appropriate experimental duration at each pressure step for the construction of SWCCs via centrifugation. Three common temporal approaches to equilibrium - 24-, 48- and 72-h - are examined, for a grassland and arable soil. The framework highlights the differences in equilibrium duration between the two soils. For both soils, the 24-h treatment significantly overestimated saturation. For the arable site, no significant difference was observed between the 48- and 72-h treatments. Hence, a 48-h treatment was sufficient to determine 'effective equilibrium'. For the grassland site, the 48- and 72-h treatments differed significantly. This highlights that a more prolonged duration is necessary for some soils to conclusively determine that effective equilibrium has been reached. This ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14311
Marked
Mark
Anomer preferences for glucuronic and galacturonic acid and derivatives and influence of electron-withdrawing substituents
(2019)
Kerins, Louise; Byrne, Sylvester; Gabba, Adele; Murphy, Paul V.
Anomer preferences for glucuronic and galacturonic acid and derivatives and influence of electron-withdrawing substituents
(2019)
Kerins, Louise; Byrne, Sylvester; Gabba, Adele; Murphy, Paul V.
Abstract:
Equilibrium anomeric ratios are reported for pyranoses (hemiacetals) of glucuronic and galacturonic acid and their derivatives. These are compared to related gluco- and galactopyranoses and to deoxyfluorogluco- and deoxyfluorogalactopyranoses. An association between axial anomer stability and the sum of H-1 NMR downfield chemical shifts for protons H-3 and H-5 was observed in D2O with gluco- and galactopyranoses as reference compounds. When compared to 2-hydroxytetrahydropyran in water, introduction of three OAc substituents and one carboxylic acid substituent leads to an increase in stability of the axial anomer by 0.89-1.05 kcal/mol. This is interpreted as the electron-withdrawing substituents causing a reduction in the steric (gauche) interaction and an increase in favourable Coulombic interaction between CH groups of the pyranose and the anomeric group through substituent deshielding effects. Anomer preferences for galacturonic acid and its derivatives were more sensitive to sol...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15177
Marked
Mark
First principles static and dynamic calculations for the transition metal hydride series MH4L3 (M = Fe, Ru and Os; L = NH3, PH3 and PF3)
(2015)
Sieffert, Nicolas; Kendrick, Thomas; Tiana, Davide; Morrison, Carole A.
First principles static and dynamic calculations for the transition metal hydride series MH4L3 (M = Fe, Ru and Os; L = NH3, PH3 and PF3)
(2015)
Sieffert, Nicolas; Kendrick, Thomas; Tiana, Davide; Morrison, Carole A.
Abstract:
We present a first principles static and dynamical study of the transition metal hydride series MH4L3 (M = Fe, Ru and Os; L = NH3, PH3 and PF3), with a view to arriving at an understanding of how the variation in the electronic properties of the metal sites and ligands can influence the dynamics of the resulting complexes. A broad range of behaviour was observed, encompassing stable classical minima (M = Os, L = NH3 and M = Ru, L = PH3) to stable eta(2)-H-2 non-classical minima (M = Fe, L = PF3 and M = Ru, L = PH3 or PF3), with the other structures exhibiting dynamical behaviour that spontaneously converted between the classical and non-classical states during the molecular dynamics simulations. The importance of a small L-axial-M-L-axial angle in stabilising the non-classical state is highlighted, as is a short eta(2)-H-2 center dot center dot center dot H-cis distance in non-classical complexes that spontaneously convert to the classical form. We also investigated the changes in t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6413
Marked
Mark
Kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of methylene blue adsorption on polyaniline and polypyrrole macro-nanoparticles synthesized by C-Dot-initiated polymerization
(2018)
Maruthapandi, Moorthy; Kumar, Vijay Bhooshan; Luong, John H. T.; Gedanken, Aharon
Kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies of methylene blue adsorption on polyaniline and polypyrrole macro-nanoparticles synthesized by C-Dot-initiated polymerization
(2018)
Maruthapandi, Moorthy; Kumar, Vijay Bhooshan; Luong, John H. T.; Gedanken, Aharon
Abstract:
This work unraveled kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic properties of methylene blue (MB) adsorbed on polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPY). The two polymers, PANI and PPY, synthesized by a facile C-dot (CD)-initiated polymerization method have been proven as the effective adsorbent materials to remove MB from wastewater. This dye model is also generally employed as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry and exhibits blue in an oxidizing environment, but it is colorless when exposed to a reducing agent. The effects of temperature, adsorbent amount contact time, and dye concentration were consistently examined. The adsorption capacity of the polymers at 28 degrees C could reach 19.2 mg/g. The adsorption equilibrium of the dye was attained after 90 and 120 min of contact time with PANI and PPY, respectively. The equilibrium details were well described by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Results showed that PANI and PPY prepared using CD-initiated polymerization are better ad...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6681
Marked
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Phosphorus removal from aqueous solutions containing low concentration of phosphate using pyrite calcinate sorbent
(2018)
Chen, T.-H.; Wang, J.-Z.; Wang, J.; Xie, J.-J.; Zhu, C.-Z.; Zhan, X.-M.
Phosphorus removal from aqueous solutions containing low concentration of phosphate using pyrite calcinate sorbent
(2018)
Chen, T.-H.; Wang, J.-Z.; Wang, J.; Xie, J.-J.; Zhu, C.-Z.; Zhan, X.-M.
Abstract:
Natural pyrite was modified by calcination under nitrogen (N-2) atmosphere to produce a novel sorbent for removing phosphorus (P) with low concentration from aqueous solutions. The crystallinity, porous texture, magnetic susceptibility and performance in P removal of pyrite calcinates depended on calcination temperatures. The sorbent obtained at calcination temperature of 500-600 A degrees C possessed the most efficient P removal. Solution pH in the range of 3.0-9.0 and anions of chloridion (Cl-), nitrate (NO3)(-) and sulfate (SO4 (2-)) had ignorable effect on P removal. The batch adsorption experiment shows that the maximum sorption capacities for P of this novel sorbent (q (m)) were up to 1.61-5.36 mg P/g at adsorption temperatures of 15-35 A degrees C. Dynamic sorption and regeneration experiments were conducted in an adsorption column filled with pyrite calcined at 600 A degrees C. The study found that oxygen was an important control factor responsible for P adsorption because t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10753
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Stability of some set-valued functional equations
(2018)
Park, Choonkil; O’Regan, Donal; Saadati, Reza
Stability of some set-valued functional equations
(2018)
Park, Choonkil; O’Regan, Donal; Saadati, Reza
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13405
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The search for equilibrium relationships in international finance: the case of the monetary model
(1991)
Pecchenino, Rowena A.
The search for equilibrium relationships in international finance: the case of the monetary model
(1991)
Pecchenino, Rowena A.
Abstract:
This paper considers some of the main long-run equilibrium relationships in international linance. We supplement the Phillips-Perron test. which has a unit root under the null. with the new KPS test statistic which is based on a stationary null and apply them to the various exchange rate fundamentals. The application of the Jahansen test for multiple cointegrating factors finds evidence of the existence of stable money demand functions in both the USA and UK with relatively short-lived perturbations. However, there appears to be insuffkient information in the data to distinguish & hether the real exchange rate has a unit root or is persistent and mean reverting. The consequent persistent deviations from purchasing power parity appears the only source of rejection of the equilibrium monetary model.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8522/
Marked
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Thermal unfolding and refolding of lysozyme in deep eutectic solvents and their aqueous dilutions
(2018)
Esquembre, Rocio; Sanz, Jesus M.; Wall, J. Gerard; del Monte, Francisco; Mateo, C. Reye...
Thermal unfolding and refolding of lysozyme in deep eutectic solvents and their aqueous dilutions
(2018)
Esquembre, Rocio; Sanz, Jesus M.; Wall, J. Gerard; del Monte, Francisco; Mateo, C. Reyes; Ferrer, M. Luisa
Abstract:
The stability of hen's egg white lysozyme in different choline chloride-based pseudo-concentrated and neat deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has been studied by means of intrinsic fluorescence and CD spectroscopy. Thermal unfolding experiments carried out in non-diluted urea: choline chloride and glycerol: choline chloride eutectic solvents (UCCl-DES and GCCl-DES, respectively) showed the accumulation at certain temperatures of discrete, partially folded intermediates that displayed a high content of secondary structure and a disrupted tertiary structure. Reversibility of the unfolding process was incomplete in these circumstances, with the urea-based DES showing higher protein structure destabilization upon thermal treatment. On the other hand, aqueous dilution of the eutectic mixtures allowed the recovery of a reversible, two-state denaturation process. Lysozyme activity was also affected in neat and pseudo-concentrated GCCl-DES, with an increasing recovery of activity upon aqueo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11376
Displaying Results 1 - 10 of 10 on page 1 of 1
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Institution
Maynooth University (1)
NUI Galway (6)
Teagasc (1)
University College Cork (2)
Item Type
Journal article (9)
Other (1)
Peer Review Status
Peer-reviewed (6)
Unknown (4)
Year
2019 (1)
2018 (5)
2017 (2)
2015 (1)
1991 (1)
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