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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 493 on page 1 of 20
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'Doing' health policy analysis: methodological and conceptual reflections and challenges.
(2008)
Walt, Gill; Shiffman, Jeremy; Schneider, Helen; Murray, Susan F; Brugha, Ruairi F; Gils...
'Doing' health policy analysis: methodological and conceptual reflections and challenges.
(2008)
Walt, Gill; Shiffman, Jeremy; Schneider, Helen; Murray, Susan F; Brugha, Ruairi F; Gilson, Lucy
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://academic.oup.com">https://academic.oup.com</a></p>
<p>The case for undertaking policy analysis has been made by a number of scholars and practitioners. However, there has been much less attention given to how to do policy analysis, what research designs, theories or methods best inform policy analysis. This paper begins by looking at the health policy environment, and some of the challenges to researching this highly complex phenomenon. It focuses on research in middle and low income countries, drawing on some of the frameworks and theories, methodologies and designs that can be used in health policy analysis, giving examples from recent studies. The implications of case studies and of temporality in research design are explored. Attention is drawn to the roles of the policy researcher and the importance of reflexivity and researcher positionality in the research process. The final s...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/87
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'Smart' non-viral delivery systems for targeted delivery of RNAi to the lungs.
(2013)
Ramsey, Joanne M; Hibbitts, Alan; Barlow, James; Sivadas, Neeraj; Cryan, Sally-Ann
'Smart' non-viral delivery systems for targeted delivery of RNAi to the lungs.
(2013)
Ramsey, Joanne M; Hibbitts, Alan; Barlow, James; Sivadas, Neeraj; Cryan, Sally-Ann
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.future-science.com/doi/abs/10.4155/tde.12.133?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed">http://www.future-science.com/doi/abs/10.4155/tde.12.133?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed</a></p>
<p>The emergence of RNAi offers a potentially exciting new therapeutic paradigm for respiratory diseases. However, effective delivery remains a key requirement for their translation into the clinic and has been a major factor in the limited clinical success seen to date. Inhalation offers tissue-specific targeting of the RNAi to treat respiratory diseases and a diminished risk of off-target effects. In order to deliver RNAi directly to the respiratory tract via inhalation, 'smart' non-viral carriers are required to protect the RNAi during delivery/aerosolization and enhance cell-specific uptake to target ce...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/spharmart/13
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A collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold allows for binding and co-delivery of recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins and bisphosphonates.
(2014)
Murphy, Ciara M; Schindeler, Aaron; Gleeson, John P; Yu, Nicole YC; Cantrill, Laurence ...
A collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold allows for binding and co-delivery of recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins and bisphosphonates.
(2014)
Murphy, Ciara M; Schindeler, Aaron; Gleeson, John P; Yu, Nicole YC; Cantrill, Laurence C; Mikulec, Kathy; Peacock, Lauren; O'Brien, Fergal; Little, David G
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.sciencedirect.com</p>
<p>An emerging paradigm in orthopedics is that a bone-healing outcome is the product of the anabolic (bone-forming) and catabolic (bone-resorbing) outcomes. Recently, surgical and tissue engineering strategies have emerged that combine recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) and bisphosphonates (BPs) in order to maximize anabolism and minimize catabolism. Collagen-based scaffolds that are the current surgical standard can bind rhBMPs, but not BPs. We hypothesized that a biomimetic collagen-hydroxyapatite (CHA) scaffold would bind both agents and produce superior in vivo outcomes. Consistent with this concept, in vitro elution studies utilizing rhBMP-2 ELISA assays and scintillation counting of (14)C-radiolabeled zoledronic acid (ZA) confirmed delayed release of both agents from the CHA scaffold. Next, scaffolds were tested for their capacity to form ectopic bone after surgical impl...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/anatart/78
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A comparison of latanoprost and dorzolamide in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a 3 month, randomised study
(2018)
O'Donoghue, E P
A comparison of latanoprost and dorzolamide in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a 3 month, randomised study
(2018)
O'Donoghue, E P
Abstract:
Aims-To compare the effects on intraocular pressure (IOP) and side effects of monotherapy with either latanoprost or dorzolamide in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Methods-224 patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were recruited to a 3 month open labelled study. Previous glaucoma medications were washed out and the patients were randomised to receive either latanoprost 0.005% once daily or dorzolamide 2% three times daily. Results-Of 224 patients 213 were included in the analysis of efficacy. After 3 months, latanoprost reduced mean baseline diurnal IOP from 27.2 (SD 3.0) mm Hg by 8.5 (3.3) mm Hg. The corresponding figures for dorzolamide were 27.2 (3.4) and 5.6 (2.6) mm Hg. The difference of 2.9 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.3-3.6) was highly significant (p<0.001, ANCOVA). Latanoprost reduced IOP at peak by 8.6 mm Hg (32%) compared with 6.2 mm Hg (23%) for dorzolamide, and the difference of 2.4 mm Hg was significant (p<0.001, ANCOVA). The correspo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9642
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A comparison of performances of consultant surgeons, NCHDs and medical students in a modified HPAT examination.
(2010)
Quinn, Alison; Corrigan, Mark A; Broderick, J; McEntee, G; Hill, Arnold DK
A comparison of performances of consultant surgeons, NCHDs and medical students in a modified HPAT examination.
(2010)
Quinn, Alison; Corrigan, Mark A; Broderick, J; McEntee, G; Hill, Arnold DK
Abstract:
<p>The original article is avaliable at <a href="http://www.imj.ie">www.imj.ie</a></p>
<p>Following the implementation of the Fottrell report, entry to medical school in Ireland has undergone significant change. Medical school studentship is now awarded based on a combination of points obtained from the final examination of Irish secondary schools (the leaving certificate) combined with HPAT scores (Health Professions Admissions Test). The HPAT is designed to test a candidate's knowledge in several different fields including problem solving skills, logical and non verbal reasoning. A sample HPAT was administered to a test group composed of consultant surgeons, non consultant hospital doctors, and medical students. Statistical analysis was performed and no significant difference was found between the performances of the groups. This is surprising as it was expected that groups with greater experience at medical problem solving would ha...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/surgart/18
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A functional-analytic model of analogy: a relational frame analysis.
(2018)
Stewart, Ian; Barnes-Holmes, Dermot; Roche, Bryan; Smeets, Paul M
A functional-analytic model of analogy: a relational frame analysis.
(2018)
Stewart, Ian; Barnes-Holmes, Dermot; Roche, Bryan; Smeets, Paul M
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to explore a behavior-analytic model of analogical reasoning, defined as the discrimination of formal similarity via equivalence-equivalence responding. In Experiment 1, adult humans were trained and tested for the formation of four three-member equivalence relations: A1-B1-C1, A2-B2-C2, A3-B3-C3, and A4-B4-C4. The B and C stimuli were three-letter nonsense syllables, and the A stimulus was a colored shape. Subjects were then successfully tested for equivalence-equivalence responding (e.g., matching B1/C1 to B2/C2 rather than B3/C4). These tasks were designed such that equivalence-equivalence responding might allow subjects to discriminate a physical similarity between the relations involved. Some participants (color subjects) received only equivalence-equivalence tasks in which they might discriminate a color relation, whereas others (shape subjects) were given tasks in which they might discriminate a shape relation. A control group received both types of ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9913
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A method to assess adherence in inhaler use through analysis of acoustic recordings of inhaler events.
(2014)
D'Arcy, Shona; MacHale, Elaine; Seheult, Jansen; Holmes, Martin S; Hughes, Cian; S...
A method to assess adherence in inhaler use through analysis of acoustic recordings of inhaler events.
(2014)
D'Arcy, Shona; MacHale, Elaine; Seheult, Jansen; Holmes, Martin S; Hughes, Cian; Sulaiman, Imran; Hyland, Deirdre; O'Reilly, Conor; Glynn, Senan; Al-Zaabi, Thekra; McCourt, John; Taylor, Terence; Keane, Frank; Killane, Isabelle; Reilly, Richard B; Costello, Richard W
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone</p>
<p>RATIONALE: Poor adherence to inhaler use can be due to poor temporal and/or technique adherence. Up until now there has been no way of reliably tracking both these factors in everyday inhaler use.</p> <p>OBJECTIVES: This paper introduces a device developed to create time stamped acoustic recordings of an individual's inhaler use, in which empirical evidence of temporal and technique adherence in inhaler use can be monitored over time. The correlation between clinical outcomes and adherence, as determined by this device, was compared for temporal adherence alone and combined temporal and technique adherence.</p> <p>FINDINGS: The technology was validated by showing that the doses taken matched the number of audio recordings (r2 = 0.94, p20% of their inhaler events. Repeated training reduced this to 7% of participants (p = 0.03). When time of use was consid...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/75
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A methylcellulose and collagen based temperature responsive hydrogel promotes encapsulated stem cell viability and proliferation in vitro.
(2017)
Payne, Christina; Dolan, Eimear; O'Sullivan, Janice; Cryan, Sally-Ann; Kelly, Helena
A methylcellulose and collagen based temperature responsive hydrogel promotes encapsulated stem cell viability and proliferation in vitro.
(2017)
Payne, Christina; Dolan, Eimear; O'Sullivan, Janice; Cryan, Sally-Ann; Kelly, Helena
Abstract:
<p><strong></strong><em>“This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Drug Delivery and Translational Research.</em> <em>The final authenticated version is available online at <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13346-016-0347-2">:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13346-016-0347-2</a></em></p>
<p>With the number of stem cell-based therapies emerging on the increase, the need for novel and efficient delivery technologies to enable therapies to remain in damaged tissue and exert their therapeutic benefit for extended periods, has become a key requirement for their translation. Hydrogels, and in particular, thermoresponsive hydrogels, have the potential to act as such delivery systems. Thermoresponsive hydrogels, which are polymer solutions that transform into a gel upon a temperature increase, have a number of applications in the biomedical field ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/spharmart/50
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A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Newport gastroenteritis in Europe associated with watermelon from Brazil, confirmed by whole genome sequencing: October 2011 to January 2012.
(2014)
Byrne, Lisa; Fisher, Ian; Peters, Tansy; Mather, Alison; Thomson, Nicholas; Rosner, Bet...
A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Newport gastroenteritis in Europe associated with watermelon from Brazil, confirmed by whole genome sequencing: October 2011 to January 2012.
(2014)
Byrne, Lisa; Fisher, Ian; Peters, Tansy; Mather, Alison; Thomson, Nicholas; Rosner, Bettina; Bernard, Helen; McKeown, Paul; Cormican, Martin; Cowden, John; Aiyedun, V; Lane, Chris; International Outbreak Control Team
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.eurosurveillance.org">http://www.eurosurveillance.org</a></p>
<p>In November 2011, the presence of Salmonella Newport in a ready-to-eat watermelon slice was confirmed as part of a local food survey in England. In late December 2011, cases of S. Newport were reported in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Ireland and Germany. During the outbreak, 63 confirmed cases of S. Newport were reported across all six countries with isolates indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from the watermelon isolate.A subset of outbreak isolates were whole-genome sequenced and were identical to, or one single nucleotide polymorphism different from the watermelon isolate.In total, 46 confirmed cases were interviewed of which 27 reported watermelon consumption. Further investigations confirmed the outbreak was linked to the consumption of watermelon imported from Brazil.Although n...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/51
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A novel anti-cancer bifunctional platinum drug candidate with dual DNA binding and histone deacetylase inhibitory activity.
(2009)
Griffith, Darren; Morgan, Maria P; Marmion, Celine J
A novel anti-cancer bifunctional platinum drug candidate with dual DNA binding and histone deacetylase inhibitory activity.
(2009)
Griffith, Darren; Morgan, Maria P; Marmion, Celine J
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/">http://pubs.rsc.org</a></p>
<p>The successful design and synthesis of a novel multifunctional platinum drug candidate with DNA binding, histone deacetylase inhibitory activity and enhanced selectivity for cancer cells are described.</p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/pmcart/1
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A novel multiplex real-time pcr for the identification of mycobacteria associated with zoonotic tuberculosis
(2018)
Reddington, Kate; O'Grady, Justin; Dorai-Raj, Siobhan; Niemann, Stefan; van Soolin...
A novel multiplex real-time pcr for the identification of mycobacteria associated with zoonotic tuberculosis
(2018)
Reddington, Kate; O'Grady, Justin; Dorai-Raj, Siobhan; Niemann, Stefan; van Soolingen, Dick; Barry, Thomas
Abstract:
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death worldwide from a single infectious agent. An ability to detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) in clinical material while simultaneously differentiating its members is considered important. This allows for the gathering of epidemiological information pertaining to the prevalence, transmission and geographical distribution of the MTC, including those MTC members associated with zoonotic TB infection in humans. Also differentiating between members of the MTC provides the clinician with inherent MTC specific drug susceptibility profiles to guide appropriate chemotherapy. Methodology/Principal Findings: The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex real-time PCR assay using novel molecular targets to identify and differentiate between the phylogenetically closely related M. bovis, M. bovis BCG and M. caprae. The lpqT gene was explored for the collective identification of M. bovis, M. bovis BCG and M. caprae, the...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13612
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A novel neutrophil derived inflammatory biomarker of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis.
(2012)
Reeves, Emer P; Bergin, David A; Fitzgerald, Sean; Hayes, Elaine; Keenan, Joanne; Henry...
A novel neutrophil derived inflammatory biomarker of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis.
(2012)
Reeves, Emer P; Bergin, David A; Fitzgerald, Sean; Hayes, Elaine; Keenan, Joanne; Henry, Michael; Meleady, Paula; Vega-Carrascal, Isabel; Murray, Michelle A; Low, Teck Boon; McCarthy, Cormac; O'Brien, Emmet; Clynes, Martin; Gunaratnam, Cedric; McElvaney, Noel G
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available from Elsevier at <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156919931100172X" target="_blank" title="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156919931100172X">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science</a></p>
<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> The focus of this study was to characterize a novel biomarker for cystic fibrosis (CF) that could reflect exacerbations of the disease and could be useful for therapeutic stratification of patients, or for testing of potential drug treatments. This study focused exclusively on a protein complex containing alpha-1 antitrypsin and CD16b (AAT:CD16b) which is released into the bloodstream from membranes of pro-inflammatory primed neutrophils.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> Neutrophil membrane expression and extracellular levels of AAT and CD16b were quantified by flow cytometry, Western blot a...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/49
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A novel statistical method for assessing effective adherence to medication and calculating optimal drug dosages.
(2018)
Greene, Garrett; Costello, Richard W; Cushen, Breda; Sulaiman, Imran; MacHale, Elaine; ...
A novel statistical method for assessing effective adherence to medication and calculating optimal drug dosages.
(2018)
Greene, Garrett; Costello, Richard W; Cushen, Breda; Sulaiman, Imran; MacHale, Elaine; Conroy, Ronan M, Professor; Doyle, Frank
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0195663">https://journals.plos.org</a></p>
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> We derive a novel model-based metric for effective adherence to medication, and validate it using data from the INhaler Compliance Assessment device (INCATM). This technique employs dose timing data to estimate the threshold drug concentration needed to maintain optimal health.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> The parameters of the model are optimised against patient outcome data using maximum likelihood methods. The model is fitted and validated by secondary analysis of two independent datasets from two remote-monitoring studies of adherence, conducted through clinical research centres of 5 Irish hospitals. Training data came from a cohort of asthma patients (~ 47,000 samples from 218 patients). Validation data is fro...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/106
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A peptide corresponding to the neuropilin-1-binding site on VEGF(165) induces apoptosis of neuropilin-1-expressing breast tumour cells.
(2005)
Barr, Martin P; Byrne, Anne Marie; Duffy, Angela M; Condron, Claire M; Devocelle, Marc;...
A peptide corresponding to the neuropilin-1-binding site on VEGF(165) induces apoptosis of neuropilin-1-expressing breast tumour cells.
(2005)
Barr, Martin P; Byrne, Anne Marie; Duffy, Angela M; Condron, Claire M; Devocelle, Marc; Harriott, Patrick; Bouchier-Hayes, David J; Harmey, Judith H
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.nature.com">www.nature.com</a></p>
<p>There is increasing evidence that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has autocrine as well as paracrine functions in tumour biology. Vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated cell survival signalling occurs via the classical tyrosine kinase receptors Flt-1, KDR/Flk-1 and the more novel neuropilin (NP) receptors, NP-1 and NP-2. A 24-mer peptide, which binds to neuropilin-1, induced apoptosis of murine and human breast carcinoma cells, whereas a peptide directed against KDR had no effect. Both anti-NP1 and anti-KDR peptides induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Confocal microscopy using 5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein-labelled peptides showed that anti-NP1 bound to both tumour and endothelial cells, whereas anti-KDR bound endothelial cells only. This study demonstrates that NP-1 plays an essential role in autocrine antiapoptotic signalling by VE...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/surgart/26
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A pilot cross-sectional study of patients presenting with cellulitis to emergency departments.
(2014)
Quirke, Michael; Saunders, Jean; O'Sullivan, Ronald; Milenkovski, Hristijan; Wakai...
A pilot cross-sectional study of patients presenting with cellulitis to emergency departments.
(2014)
Quirke, Michael; Saunders, Jean; O'Sullivan, Ronald; Milenkovski, Hristijan; Wakai, Abel
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.imj.ie</p>
<p>To characterise the Emergency Department (ED) prevalence of cellulitis, factors predicting oral antibiotic therapy and the utility of the Clinical Resource Efficiency Support Team (CREST) guideline in predicting patient management in the ED setting, a prospective, cross-sectional study of consecutive adult patients presenting to 3 Irish EDs was performed. The overall prevalence of cellulitis was 12 per 1,000 ED visits. Of 59 patients enrolled, 45.8% were discharged. Predictors of treatment with oral antibiotics were: CREST, Class 1 allocation (odds ratio (OR) 6.81, 95% Cl =1.5-30.1, p=0.012), patient self-referral (OR= 6.2, 95% Cl 1.9- 20.0, p=0.03) and symptom duration longer than 48 hours (OR 1.2, 95% Cl = 1.0-1.5,p=0.049). In conflict with guideline recommendation, 43% of patients in CREST Class 1 received IV therapy. Treatment with oral antibiotics was predicted by CREST Class 1 allocation, self-refe...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/gpart/100
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A preclinical evaluation of the PI3K alpha/delta dominant inhibitor BAY 80-6946 in HER2-positive breast cancer models with acquired resistance to the HER2-targeted therapies trastuzumab and lapatinib.
(2015)
Elster, Naomi; Cremona, Mattia; Morgan, Carys; Toomey, Sinead; Carr, Aoife; O'Grad...
A preclinical evaluation of the PI3K alpha/delta dominant inhibitor BAY 80-6946 in HER2-positive breast cancer models with acquired resistance to the HER2-targeted therapies trastuzumab and lapatinib.
(2015)
Elster, Naomi; Cremona, Mattia; Morgan, Carys; Toomey, Sinead; Carr, Aoife; O'Grady, A; Hennessy, Bryan T; Eustace, Alex J
Abstract:
<p><em>The final publication is available at Springer via <a href="http://dx.doi.org/%5binsert">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-3239-5</a></em></p>
<p>The PI3K pathway is a key mechanism of trastuzumab resistance, but early attempts to indirectly target this pathway with mTOR inhibitors have had limited success. We present the results of a preclinical study of the selective alpha/delta isoform dominant PI3K inhibitor BAY 80-6946 tested alone and in combination with HER2-targeted therapies in HER2-positive cell lines, including models with acquired resistance to trastuzumab and/or lapatinib. A panel of HER2-positive breast cancer cells were profiled for their mutational status using Sequenom MassARRAY, PTEN status by Western blot, and anti-proliferative response to BAY 80-6946 alone and in combination with the HER2-targeted therapies trastuzumab, lapatinib and afatinib. Reverse phase protein array was used to determine the ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/molmedart/28
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A prediction of cell differentiation and proliferation within a collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold subjected to mechanical strain and perfusive fluid flow.
(2010)
Stops, Adam JF; Heraty, K B; Browne, M; O'Brien, Fergal J; McHugh, P E
A prediction of cell differentiation and proliferation within a collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold subjected to mechanical strain and perfusive fluid flow.
(2010)
Stops, Adam JF; Heraty, K B; Browne, M; O'Brien, Fergal J; McHugh, P E
Abstract:
This article is also available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation can be influenced by biophysical stimuli imparted by the host scaffold. Yet, causal relationships linking scaffold strain magnitudes and inlet fluid velocities to specific cell responses are thus far underdeveloped. This investigation attempted to simulate cell responses in a collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) scaffold within a bioreactor. CG scaffold deformation was simulated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and an in-house finite element solver (FEEBE/linear). Similarly, the internal fluid velocities were simulated using the afore-mentioned microCT dataset with a computational fluid dynamics solver (ANSYS/CFX). From the ensuing cell-level mechanics, albeit octahedral shear strain or fluid velocity, the proliferation and differentiation of the representative cells were predicted from deterministic functions. Cell proliferation patterns concurred with previous experiments...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/anatart/20
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A profile of elderly fallers referred for physiotherapy in the emergency department of a Dublin teaching hospital.
(2013)
Crehan, Fiona; O'Shea, D; Ryan, John M; Horgan, Frances
A profile of elderly fallers referred for physiotherapy in the emergency department of a Dublin teaching hospital.
(2013)
Crehan, Fiona; O'Shea, D; Ryan, John M; Horgan, Frances
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.imj.ie">www.imj.ie</a></p>
<p>Ireland has an ageing population and the elderly are over-represented in Emergency Departments (ED)--a quarter of these presentations resulting from falls. A prospective study design was employed using a convenience sample to profile elderly fallers referred for physiotherapy in ED. Forty-subjects were assessed over 14 weeks. Mean age was 84.88 years (s.d. 7.3) and 31 (77.5%) were female. All demonstrated slow walking speed and 26 (65%) demonstrated poor grip strength. A quarter of subjects reported fear of falling and 30 (75%) were classified as frail. Elderly fallers in ED are a frail group of socially vulnerable patients who demonstrate a risk of further falls. Osteoporosis had been diagnosed in 9 (22.5%) subjects--a low prevalence compared with international research, but 25 (62.5%) subjects had never had a DEXA scan. The prevalence of frailty in ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/sphysioart/15
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A protocol to identify and minimise selection and information bias in abattoir surveys estimating prevalence, using Fasciola hepatica as an example
(2019)
Carroll, Rebecca I.; Forbes, Andrew; Graham, David A.; Messam, Locksley L. McV.
A protocol to identify and minimise selection and information bias in abattoir surveys estimating prevalence, using Fasciola hepatica as an example
(2019)
Carroll, Rebecca I.; Forbes, Andrew; Graham, David A.; Messam, Locksley L. McV.
Abstract:
Abattoir surveys and findings from post-mortem meat inspection are commonly used to estimate infection or disease prevalence in farm animal populations. However, the function of an abattoir is to slaughter animals for human consumption, and the collection of information on animal health for research purposes is a secondary objective. This can result in methodological shortcomings leading to biased prevalence estimates. Selection bias can occur when the study population as obtained from the abattoir is not an accurate representation of the target population. Virtually all of the tests used in abattoir surveys to detect infections or diseases that impact animal health are imperfect, leading to errors in identifying the outcome of interest and consequently, information bias. Examination of abattoir surveys estimating prevalence in the literature reveals shortcomings in the methods used in these studies. While the STROBE-Vet statement provides clear guidance on the reporting of observat...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10301
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A randomised controlled trial of a lengthened and multi-disciplinary consultation model in a socially deprived community: a study protocol.
(2007)
Whitford, David L; Chan, Wai-Sun
A randomised controlled trial of a lengthened and multi-disciplinary consultation model in a socially deprived community: a study protocol.
(2007)
Whitford, David L; Chan, Wai-Sun
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2296/8/38</p>
<p>BACKGROUND: There has been little development of the general practice consultation over the years, and many aspects of the present consultation do not serve communities with multiple health and social problems well. Many of the problems presenting to general practitioners in socio-economically disadvantaged areas are not amenable to a purely medical solution, and would particularly benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Socio-economic deprivation is also associated with those very factors (more psychosocial problems, greater need for health promotion, more chronic diseases, more need for patient enablement) that longer consultations have been shown to address. This paper describes our study protocol, which aims to evaluate whether a lengthened multidisciplinary primary care team consultation with families in a socially deprived area can improve the psychological health o...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/fcmmubart/3
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A systematic review and narrative synthesis of the experiences of caring for older people living with dementia in sub-Saharan Africa
(2020)
Mwendwa, Purity; Kroll, Thilo; De Brún, Aoife
A systematic review and narrative synthesis of the experiences of caring for older people living with dementia in sub-Saharan Africa
(2020)
Mwendwa, Purity; Kroll, Thilo; De Brún, Aoife
Abstract:
The broad review question will be: What are the experiences of caring for older people with dementia in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)?
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11494
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A targeted e-learning program for surgical trainees to enhance patient safety in preventing surgical infection.
(2010)
McHugh, Seamus M; Corrigan, Mark; Dimitrov, Borislav D; Cowman, Seamus; Tierney, Sean; ...
A targeted e-learning program for surgical trainees to enhance patient safety in preventing surgical infection.
(2010)
McHugh, Seamus M; Corrigan, Mark; Dimitrov, Borislav D; Cowman, Seamus; Tierney, Sean; Humphreys, Hilary; Hill, Arnold DK
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com</a></p>
<p>INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infection accounts for 20% of all health care-associated infections (HCAIs); however, a program incorporating the education of surgeons has yet to be established across the specialty.</p> <p>METHODS: An audit of surgical practice in infection prevention was carried out in Beaumont Hospital from July to November 2009. An educational Web site was developed targeting deficiencies highlighted in the audit. Interactive clinical cases were constructed using PHP coding, an HTML-embedded language, and then linked to a MySQL relational database. PowerPoint tutorials were produced as online Flash audiovisual movies. An online repository of streaming videos demonstrating best practice was made available, and weekly podcasts were made available on the iTunes© store for free download. Usage o...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/gpart/23
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Accurately assessing the risk of schizophrenia conferred by rare copy-number variation affecting genes with brain function.
(2010)
Raychaudhuri, Soumya; Korn, Joshua M; McCarroll, Steven A A; The International Schizoph...
Accurately assessing the risk of schizophrenia conferred by rare copy-number variation affecting genes with brain function.
(2010)
Raychaudhuri, Soumya; Korn, Joshua M; McCarroll, Steven A A; The International Schizophrenia Consortium; Altshuler, David; Sklar, Pamela; Purcell, Shaun; Daly, Mark J
Abstract:
<p>John Waddington, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, RCSI is a member of The International Schizophrenia Consortium.<br />This article is also available at http://www.plosgenetics.org/.</p>
<p>Investigators have linked rare copy number variation (CNVs) to neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia. One hypothesis is that CNV events cause disease by affecting genes with specific brain functions. Under these circumstances, we expect that CNV events in cases should impact brain-function genes more frequently than those events in controls. Previous publications have applied "pathway" analyses to genes within neuropsychiatric case CNVs to show enrichment for brain-functions. While such analyses have been suggestive, they often have not rigorously compared the rates of CNVs impacting genes with brain function in cases to controls, and therefore do not address important confounders such as the large size of brain genes and...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mctart/35
Marked
Mark
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by a novel metalloprotease pathway.
(2008)
Bergin, David A; Greene, Catherine M; Sterchi, Erwin E; Kenna, Cliona; Geraghty, Patric...
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by a novel metalloprotease pathway.
(2008)
Bergin, David A; Greene, Catherine M; Sterchi, Erwin E; Kenna, Cliona; Geraghty, Patrick; Belaaouaj, Abderazzaq; Taggart, Clifford C; O'Neill, Shane J; McElvaney, Noel G
Abstract:
Published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry 2008 Nov 14;283(46):31736-44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M803732200. The article is available at http://www.jbc.org. PMID 18772136
Neutrophil Elastase (NE) is a pro-inflammatory protease present at higher than normal levels in the lung during inflammatory disease. NE regulates IL-8 production from airway epithelial cells and can activate both EGFR and TLR4. TACE/ADAM17 has been reported to trans-activate EGFR in response to NE. Here, using 16HBE14o-human bronchial epithelial cells we demonstrate a new mechanism by which NE regulates both of these events. A high molecular weight soluble metalloprotease activity detectable only in supernatants from NE-treated cells by gelatin and casein zymography was confirmed to be meprin alpha by Western immunoblotting. In vitro studies demonstrated the ability of NE to activate meprin alpha, which in turn could release soluble TGFalpha and induce IL-8 production from 16HBE14o- cells. These effects were abr...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/3
Marked
Mark
Activity of protein kinase CK2 uncouples Bid cleavage from caspase-8 activation.
(2010)
Hellwig, Christian T; Ludwig-Galezowska, Agnieszka H; Concannon, Caoimhín G; Litchfield...
Activity of protein kinase CK2 uncouples Bid cleavage from caspase-8 activation.
(2010)
Hellwig, Christian T; Ludwig-Galezowska, Agnieszka H; Concannon, Caoimhín G; Litchfield, David W; Prehn, Jochen H M; Rehm, Markus
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://jcs.biologists.org/" target="_blank">http://jcs.biologists.org/</a></p>
<p>In the present study, we quantitatively analysed the interface between apoptosis initiation and execution by determining caspase-8 activation, Bid cleavage and mitochondrial engagement (onset of mitochondrial depolarisation) in individual HeLa cervical cancer cells following exposure to tumour-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Employing resonance-energy-transfer probes containing either the caspase-8 recognition site IETD or full-length Bid, we observed a significant delay between the times of caspase-8 activation and Bid cleavage, suggesting the existence of control steps separating these two processes. Subsequent analyses suggested that the divergence of caspase-8 activation and Bid cleavage are critically controlled by kinase signalling: inhibiting protein kinase CK2 by using ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/physiolart/15
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