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Displaying Results 1 - 18 of 18 on page 1 of 1
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Addressing Private Practice in Public Hospitals
(2020)
Guo, Xidong; Parlane, Sarah
Addressing Private Practice in Public Hospitals
(2020)
Guo, Xidong; Parlane, Sarah
Abstract:
This paper proposes a theoretical analysis of the private provision of care within public hospitals and assesses its impact on the quality and cost of healthcare. We also capture this policy’s impact on the number of outpatients that are seen and the number that are cured. We show that the private income gathered by consultants engaged in dual practice has a negative impact on the level of care being provided as it incentivises consultants to focus on the number of patients seen. However, the private fees generate lower healthcare costs. Hence the removal of private practice in public hospitals is only optimal when the benefit associated with curing patients is large enough. The impact on waiting lists is ambiguous. Considering that consultants may differ in their ability, we show that the optimal contracts enable senior doctors (with more experience) to get a greater private income than junior doctors when discrimination between senior and junior physicians is allowed. When discrim...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11437
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Are Cancer Survivors who are Eligible for Social Security More Likely to Retire than Healthy Workers? Evidence from Difference-in-Differences
(2015)
Candon, David
Are Cancer Survivors who are Eligible for Social Security More Likely to Retire than Healthy Workers? Evidence from Difference-in-Differences
(2015)
Candon, David
Abstract:
Despite the fact that there are over a million new cancer cases detected in the U.S. every year, none of retirement-health literature focuses specifically on the effect that cancer has on retirement. Social Security may offer a pathway to retirement for eligible workers but the separate effects of both cancer, and Social Security, on retirement, need to be accounted for. I use the fact that some workers will be eligible for Social Security when they are diagnosed with cancer, while some will not, as a source of exogenous variation to identify the joint effect of cancer diagnosis and Social Security eligibility on retirement. With data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), I use a difference-in-differences model to show that being eligible for Social Security, and surviving cancer, increases the probability of retirement by 11.2% for male workers. Given the increase in both cancer survival rates, and the number of older workers in the labour force, it is important to know if ca...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6434
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Distributional characteristics for Ireland : a note
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Distributional characteristics for Ireland : a note
(2010)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
The distributional characteristic is a measure which can be used in many applications in social cost-benefit analysis. In the application here, the distributional characteristics of a number of broad aggregates of goods are calculated for Ireland. These calculations can aid in assessing the distributional implications of price and tax changes.
Not applicable
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2607
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Do small group health insurance regulations influence small business size?
(2008)
Kapur, Kanika; Karaca-Mandic, Pinar; Gates, Susan M.; Fulton, Brent
Do small group health insurance regulations influence small business size?
(2008)
Kapur, Kanika; Karaca-Mandic, Pinar; Gates, Susan M.; Fulton, Brent
Abstract:
The cost of health insurance has been the primary concern of small business owners for several decades. State small group health insurance reforms, implemented in the 1990s, aimed to control the variability of health insurance premiums and to improve access to health insurance. Small group reforms only affected firms within a specific size range, and the definition of the upper size threshold for small firms varied by state and over time. As a result, small group reforms may have affected the size of small firms around the legislative threshold and may also have affected the propensity of small firms to offer health insurance. Previous research has examined the second issue, finding little to no effect of health insurance reforms on the propensity of small firms to offer health insurance. In this paper, we examine the relationship between small group reform and firm size. We use data from a nationally representative repeated cross-section survey of employers and data on state small ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/291
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Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A discrete choice approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A discrete choice approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper uses a discrete choice approach to investigate factors influencing starting and quitting smoking, in particular the role of tobacco taxes. Standard probit analysis is applied to both starting and quitting. Tobacco taxes appear to exert a negative influence over decisions to start smoking, but their effect on quitting smoking is less clearcut.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/777
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Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A duration analysis approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Do tobacco taxes influence starting and quitting smoking? A duration analysis approach using evidence from a sample of Irish women
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper uses duration analysis to investigate factors influencing starting and quitting smoking, in particular the role of tobacco taxes. Applying a variety of parametric duration models, including a split population model, to a sample of Irish women, it finds mixed results regarding the effect of tobacco taxes. In general the coefficient on tobacco taxes is in the expected direction but in some cases statistical significance is low. The paper finds among other factors education, health knowledge and marital status to be most important with very little role for advertising bans.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/762
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EU Competition Law: An Unaffordable Luxury in Times of Crisis?
(2020)
Massey, Patrick; McDowell, Moore
EU Competition Law: An Unaffordable Luxury in Times of Crisis?
(2020)
Massey, Patrick; McDowell, Moore
Abstract:
The paper looks at two aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic. These are (i) the nature of this event and its implication for evaluating past policy and policy into the future, and (ii) the suitability of proposed changes in the implementation of competition policy affecting firm behaviour, market structures and state intervention. The first conclusion the paper reaches is that it is incorrect to describe the Covid-19 pandemic as a “Black Swan” event, unpredicted and unpredictable, and something for which it is not possible to prepare. Policy makers should accept responsibility for possible future events such as pandemics even when timing is uncertain. In the case of Covid-19, policy measures were clearly inadequate. The paper then considers the design and implementation of measures aimed at supporting economic recovery. The arguments that competition policy should be relaxed for the duration of the problem is rejected as ill-founded and counter-productive. In particular, it is wrong to t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11438
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Has Subjective General Health Declined with the Economic Crisis? A Comparison across European Countries
(2015)
Denny, Kevin
Has Subjective General Health Declined with the Economic Crisis? A Comparison across European Countries
(2015)
Denny, Kevin
Abstract:
This note examines whether subjective general health in Europe has changed since the onset of the economic crisis. Subjective general health for Ireland, Spain and Portugal is compared before and after the onset of the recession. Two other European economies, Germany and United Kingdom, are also examined. The change in the proportion of respondents reporting good or very good health is also plotted against the change in the unemployment rate over the period 2007-2012. Subjective general health improves slightly in countries experiencing sharp recessions. Across European countries there is no link between changes in subjective general health and in unemployment: no evidence is found to suggest that the Great Recession has worsened morbidity in Europe.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6505
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Health interventions and risky behaviour
(2007)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Health interventions and risky behaviour
(2007)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/44
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Ordinal and cardinal measures of health inequality : an empirical comparison
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Ordinal and cardinal measures of health inequality : an empirical comparison
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
When measuring health inequality using ordinal data, analysts typically must choose between indices specifically based upon ordinal data and more standard indices using ordinal data which has been transformed into cardinal data. This paper compares inequality rankings across a number of different approaches and finds considerable sensitivity to the choice between ordinal and cardinal based indices. There is relatively little sensitivity to the ethical choices made by the analyst in terms of the weight attached to different parts of the distribution.
Irish Research Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/760
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Parental Unemployment During the Great Recession and Childhood Adiposity
(2020)
Briody, Jonathan
Parental Unemployment During the Great Recession and Childhood Adiposity
(2020)
Briody, Jonathan
Abstract:
The incidence of adiposity in the early years of life has outgrown the prevalence rate in older children and adolescents globally; however, the relationships between unemployment and weight are predominantly studied in adults. This study examines the relationship between changing economic conditions during the Irish recession and child weight. Fixed effect logistic regression is used to examine the effects of parental unemployment on weight using the Growing up in Ireland infant cohort from 2008 to 2013. This study is the first to use longitudinal anthropometric measurements to estimate the impact of parental unemployment on children’s weight before, during and after a recession. Child growth charts are used to quantify children according to overweight for BMI, weight for age, and weight for height measures. For BMI, the probability of a child being overweight is 6 percentage points higher if either parent has experienced unemployment. For weight for age the probability is of simila...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11436
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Self-reported health in good times and in bad: Ireland in the 21st century
(2016)
Denny, Kevin; Franken, Patricia
Self-reported health in good times and in bad: Ireland in the 21st century
(2016)
Denny, Kevin; Franken, Patricia
Abstract:
The Great Recession has renewed interest in whether and how health responds to macroeconomic changes. Ireland provides a convenient natural experiment to examine this since a period of sustained high growth and low unemployment – the so-called Celtic Tiger period- gave way to a deep recession following the economic crisis in 2008. We use data from the Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey (SILC), to explore what happened to self-reported health over the period 2002-2014. While some sub-populations experienced pro-cyclical effects on self-rated health, in general we find no evidence that the proportion of the population in poor health was higher after the onset of the economic crisis. However a multivariate model implies that there was some effect at the top of the health distribution with a higher unemployment rate switching individuals from being in “very good health” to “good health”. Effect sizes are much larger for females than males.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7859
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Still unequal at birth - birth weight, socioeconomic status and outcomes at age 9
(2012)
McGovern, Mark
Still unequal at birth - birth weight, socioeconomic status and outcomes at age 9
(2012)
McGovern, Mark
Abstract:
Birth weight is an important aspect of public health which has been linked to increased risk of infant death, increased cost of care, and a range of later life outcomes. Using data from a new Irish cohort study, I document the relationship between birth weight and socioeconomic status. A strong association with maternal education does not appear to be due to the timing of birth or complications during pregnancy, even controlling for a wide range of background characteristics. However, results do suggest intergenerational persistence in the transmission of poor early life conditions. A comparison with the UK Millennium Cohort Study reveals similar social gradients in both countries. Birth weight predicts a number of outcomes at age 9, including test scores, hospital stays and health. An advantage of the data is that I am able to control for a number of typically unmeasured variables. I determine whether parental investments as measured by the quality of interaction with the child, pa...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/3431
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The Effect of Cancer on the Employment of Older Males: Attenuating Selection Bias using a High Risk Sample
(2015)
Candon, David
The Effect of Cancer on the Employment of Older Males: Attenuating Selection Bias using a High Risk Sample
(2015)
Candon, David
Abstract:
Estimating the unbiased effect of health shocks on employment is an important topic in both health and labour economics. This is particularly relevant to cancer, where improvements in screening and treatments have led to increases in survival for nearly all types of cancer. In order to address the issue of selection bias, I estimate the effect of cancer on employment for a high-risk cancer sample, male workers over the age of 65, thus attenuating the impact of many cancer risk factors. This identification strategy balances the covariates between the cancer and the non-cancer groups in numerous tests. Respondents who are diagnosed with cancer are 13.2 percentage points less likely to work than their non-cancer counterparts. The results also appear insensitive to omitted confounders.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6506
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The effect of disability on labour market outcomes in Germany : evidence from matching
(2010)
Vazquez-Alvarez, Rosalia; Lechner, Michael
The effect of disability on labour market outcomes in Germany : evidence from matching
(2010)
Vazquez-Alvarez, Rosalia; Lechner, Michael
Abstract:
If labour market policies aimed at people with disabilities are effective, we should observe no significant difference in labour market outcomes between disable and non-disable individuals. This paper examines the impact of disability status on labour market outcomes using matching methods associated with treatment effect techniques for program evaluation. Such techniques avoid model misspecification and account for the common support problem, thus improving the identification strategy of alternative techniques that also select on observables. Using several waves from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP, 1994-2000) we estimate the impact of disability on both labour market participation and labour earnings. We find no significant difference in either of these two measures of labour market outcomes between disable and non-disable. Due to the construction of the treated and comparison groups, our results imply that (in Germany) disability labour market policies are effective at ach...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1856
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The Effect of the Great Recession on Health: A Longitudinal Study of Irish Mothers 2001-2011
(2019)
Briody, Jonathan; Doyle, Orla; Kelleher, Cecily
The Effect of the Great Recession on Health: A Longitudinal Study of Irish Mothers 2001-2011
(2019)
Briody, Jonathan; Doyle, Orla; Kelleher, Cecily
Abstract:
The relationship between recessions and health is mixed, with some evidence from the most recent financial crisis finding a positive effect on heath behaviours. This study uses longitudinal data spanning the periods before, during and after the Irish crisis of 2008, to test the impact of economic expansion and contraction on mothers physical and mental health and health behaviours. Three waves of data from the Irish Lifeways Cohort Study for the period 2001-2011, and local area employment rates from the Irish Census, are used to capture the impact of the recession on health, independent of individual employment status. The results from fixed effect linear probability models demonstrate that increases in the local unemployment rate are associated with significant increases in the probability of mothers reporting poor self-rated health and poor mental well-being. Yet the association between local area unemployment and health behaviours is mostly positive, with higher unemployment redu...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10990
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Tobacco taxes and starting and quitting smoking : does the effect differ by education?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Tobacco taxes and starting and quitting smoking : does the effect differ by education?
(2009)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper uses duration analysis to investigate the role of tobacco taxes in starting and quitting smoking. Applying a variety of parametric duration models, including a split population model, to a sample of Irish women, it finds that in general tobacco taxes do influence starting and quitting smoking in the expected direction. It also finds that the effect for starting differs by education but in a non-monotonic way, with the greatest effect for women with intermediate levels of education. The results for quitting suggest the greatest effect for women with the lowest level of education. These results are not changed when account is taken of unobserved heterogeneity.
Health Research Board
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/785
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Where do the sick go? Health insurance and employment in small and large firms
(2009)
Kapur, Kanika; Escarce, José J.; Marquis, M. Susan; Simon, Kosali I.
Where do the sick go? Health insurance and employment in small and large firms
(2009)
Kapur, Kanika; Escarce, José J.; Marquis, M. Susan; Simon, Kosali I.
Abstract:
Small firms that offer health insurance to their employees may face variable premiums if the firm hires an employee with high-expected health costs. To avoid expensive premium variability, a small firm may attempt to maintain a workforce with low-expected health costs. In addition, workers with high-expected health costs may prefer employment in larger firms with health insurance rather than in smaller firms. This results in employment distortions. We examine the magnitude of these employment distortions in hiring, employment, and separations, using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 1996 to 2001. Furthermore, we examine the effect of state small group health insurance reforms that restrict insurers’ ability to deny coverage and restrict premium variability on employment distortions in small firms relative to large firms. We find that workers with high-expected health cost are less likely to be new hires in small firms that offer health insurance, and are less likely to be em...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/952
Displaying Results 1 - 18 of 18 on page 1 of 1
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