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Subject = Neuroscience;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 552 on page 1 of 23
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S1P1 receptor expression during the embryonic development of the nervous system
(2014)
S1P1 receptor expression during the embryonic development of the nervous system
(2014)
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/71417
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α-TLR2 antibody attenuates the Aβ-mediated inflammatory response in microglia through enhanced expression of SIGIRR.
(2015)
LYNCH, MARINA; LYNCH, MARINA ANNETTA
α-TLR2 antibody attenuates the Aβ-mediated inflammatory response in microglia through enhanced expression of SIGIRR.
(2015)
LYNCH, MARINA; LYNCH, MARINA ANNETTA
Abstract:
The immunoregulatory function of single-Ig-interleukin-1 related receptor (SIGIRR) is derived from its ability to constrain the inflammatory consequences of interleukin (IL)-1R and toll-like receptor (TLR)4 activation. This role extends to the brain, where SIGIRR deficiency increases the synaptic and cognitive dysfunction associated with IL-1R- and TLR4-mediated signalling. The current study set out to investigate the interaction between SIGIRR and TLR2 in brain tissue and the data demonstrate that the response to the TLR2 agonist, Pam3CysSK4 (Pam3Cys4), is enhanced in glial cells from SIGIRR-/- animals. Consistent with the view that ?-amyloid peptide (A?) signals through activation of TLR2, the data also show that A?-induced changes are exaggerated in glia from SIGIRR-/- animals. We report that microglia, rather than astrocytes, are the primary glial cell expressing both TLR2 and SIGIRR. While A? increased TLR2 expression, it decreased SIGIRR expression in microglia. This was mimic...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73330
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A highly efficient blocked Gibbs sampler reconstruction of multidimensional NMR spectra
(2010)
MOK, KENNETH; WILSON, SIMON
A highly efficient blocked Gibbs sampler reconstruction of multidimensional NMR spectra
(2010)
MOK, KENNETH; WILSON, SIMON
Abstract:
Projection Reconstruction Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (PR-NMR) is a new technique to generate multi-dimensional NMR spectra, which have discrete features that are relatively sparsely distributed in space. A small number of projec- tions from lower dimensional NMR spectra are used to reconstruct the multi-dimensional NMR spectra. We propose an efficient algorithm which employs a blocked Gibbs sampler to accurately reconstruct NMR spectra. This statistical method generates samples in Bayesian scheme. Our pro- posed algorithm is tested on a set of six pro- jections derived from the three-dimensional 700 MHz HNCO spectrum of HasA, a 187-residue heme binding protein.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40569
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The Quantification of Tissue Sodium Concentration using 23Na-Magnetic Resonance Microscopy at 7 T: Probing the Acute Stroke Phase
(2010)
WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH; FAGAN, ANDREW
The Quantification of Tissue Sodium Concentration using 23Na-Magnetic Resonance Microscopy at 7 T: Probing the Acute Stroke Phase
(2010)
WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH; FAGAN, ANDREW
Abstract:
Accurate identification of the potentially salvageable ischaemic penumbra is critical in identifying stroke patients who will benefit from thrombolysis and in designing future clinical trials of potential neuroprotectants. The perfusion/diffusion mismatch technique, currently used to detect penumbra is an indirect measure, lacking precision. The ability to accurately quantify TSC in vivo could allow developing of a direct bio-marker for tissue viability in stroke [1]. However, quantitative 23Na-Magnetic Resonance Microscopy (qNa-MRM) of the rat brain is challenging due to the low SNR measured in the MRM images, which results from the 23Na nucleus?s low in vivo concentration, low gyromagnetic ratio, fast transversal signal decay, and the required small voxel size (< 4 ?l).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/50649
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A Double-Tuned 1H/23Na Two Element Phased Array System for In Vivo 23Na Magnetic Resonance Microscopy at 7 T
(2010)
WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH; FAGAN, ANDREW
A Double-Tuned 1H/23Na Two Element Phased Array System for In Vivo 23Na Magnetic Resonance Microscopy at 7 T
(2010)
WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH; FAGAN, ANDREW
Abstract:
Accurate identification of the potentially salvageable ischaemic penumbra is critical in identifying stroke patients who will benefit from thrombolysis and in designing future clinical trials of potential neuroprotectants. The perfusion/diffusion mismatch technique, currently used to detect penumbra is an indirect measure, lacking precision. The ability to accurately quantify TSC in vivo could allow developing of a direct bio-marker for tissue viability in stroke [1]. However, quantitative 23Na-Magnetic Resonance Microscopy (qNa-MRM) of the rat brain is challenging due to the low SNR measured in the MRM images, which results from the 23Na nucleus?s low in vivo concentration, low gyromagnetic ratio, fast transversal signal decay, and the required small voxel size (< 4 ?l).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/50650
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2012 - That was the year that was
(2013)
O'NEILL, DESMOND
2012 - That was the year that was
(2013)
O'NEILL, DESMOND
Abstract:
Geriatric medicine has an encyclopaedic sweep, reflecting the complexity of both the ageing process and of our patient group. Keeping up with, and making sense of, the relevant scientific literature is challenging, especially as ageing has increased in prominence as a focus of research across many branches of the sciences and the humanities. This review of research published in 2012 in generalist, geriatric medicine and gerontology journals has been compiled with a view to extracting those aspects of research into ageing which could be considered relevant not only to the practice of geriatric medicine, but also to our understanding of the ageing process and the relationship of geriatric medicine to other medical specialties and public health. The research discussed includes new insights into global ageing and the compression of morbidity; nosological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of dementia; an innovative study on the microbiome and ageing; epidemiological perspectives into mul...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73038
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23. Lessons of ALS imaging: Pitfalls and future directions - A critical review.
(2014)
HARDIMAN, ORLA; BEDE, PETER
23. Lessons of ALS imaging: Pitfalls and future directions - A critical review.
(2014)
HARDIMAN, ORLA; BEDE, PETER
Abstract:
Stereotypical shortcomings can be identified in ALS neuroimaging studies. ? A systematic discussion of ALS study limitations is particularly timely. ? Individual patient data meta-analyses and multicentre studies are urgently required. ? The gaps identified in ALS imaging indicate exciting research opportunities.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73205
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The impact of carer 'shared (disease management) responsibility' on 'shared decision making' for older persons managing multimorbidity
(2017)
DINSMORE, JOHN; MURPHY, EMMA; HANNIGAN, CAOIMHE
The impact of carer 'shared (disease management) responsibility' on 'shared decision making' for older persons managing multimorbidity
(2017)
DINSMORE, JOHN; MURPHY, EMMA; HANNIGAN, CAOIMHE
Abstract:
Introduction: For older persons with multimorbidity (PwMs), self-management is a complex process that involves integration of knowledge and tasks for multiple, and often interacting, chronic diseases (1). Shared decision making (SDM) refers to clinicians working together with patients and/or their caregivers to decide which care plan best fits individual patients and their lives, when there is more than one reasonable option (2). The current study aimed to understand the role of caregiver support related to SDM for older PwMs (aged over 65). The data presented were collected as part of an extensive requirements gathering exercise to inform the design of ProACT, a digital health ecosystem that aims to support self-management and improve integration of care for older PwMs. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews and focus groups were conducted with 38 older PwMs,17 informal carers and 22 formal care workers across the Irish and Belgian health systems. Interviews and focus grou...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/81986
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A behavioral study to investigate the processing routes of grammatical gender in Brazilian Portuguese Um estudo comportamental para investigar as rotas do processamento do gênero gramatical do português brasileiro
(2017)
Resende, Natália; Mota, Mailce
A behavioral study to investigate the processing routes of grammatical gender in Brazilian Portuguese Um estudo comportamental para investigar as rotas do processamento do gênero gramatical do português brasileiro
(2017)
Resende, Natália; Mota, Mailce
Abstract:
In this paper, we present a behavioral study aimed at investigating whether inanimate grammatical gender transparent nouns (feminine nouns ending in -a and masculine nouns ending in -o) and inanimate grammatical gender opaque nouns (other endings) in Brazilian Portuguese are processed by the same or by distinct cognitive mechanisms. To this purpose, 19 subjects participated in a grammatical gender agreement task in two conditions: between a determiner (definite article) and a noun (condition 1), and a noun and an adjective (condition 2). Factors such as frequency of the nouns and adjectives (high vs. low) as well as their phonological form (gender transparent vs. gender opaque) were manipulated. Results show that, in both conditions, frequency is a strong predictor of faster reaction times, suggesting that gender transparent and gender opaque forms can be stored in memory. This pattern holds for both conditions. We interpret this finding as evidence for the single-mechanism view of ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/24551/
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A comparison of brief pulse and ultrabrief pulse electroconvulsive stimulation on rodent brain and behaviour
(2012)
MCLOUGHLIN, DECLAN; O'DONOVAN, SINEAD; O'MARA, SHANE
A comparison of brief pulse and ultrabrief pulse electroconvulsive stimulation on rodent brain and behaviour
(2012)
MCLOUGHLIN, DECLAN; O'DONOVAN, SINEAD; O'MARA, SHANE
Abstract:
Brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy (BP ECT; pulse width 0.5-1.5 msec) is a very effective treatment for severe depression but is associated with cognitive side-effects. It has been proposed that ultrabrief pulse (UBP; pulse width 0.25-0.30 msec) ECT may be as effective as BP ECT but have less cognitive effects because it is a more physiological form of neuronal stimulation. To investigate this further, we treated normal rats with a 10 session course of either BP (0.5 msec), UBP (0.3 msec), or sham electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS) and measured antidepressant-related changes in dentate gyrus cell proliferation and hippocampal BDNF protein levels as well as hippocampal-dependant spatial reference memory using the water plus maze and immobility time on the forced swim test. Both BP and UBP ECS induced very similar types of motor seizures. However, BP ECS but not UBP ECS treatment led to a significant, near 3-fold, increase in cell proliferation (p = 0.026) and BDNF levels (p = 0.0...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/64031
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A double-tuned 1H/23Na dual resonator system for tissue sodium concentration measurements in the rat brain via Na-MRI
(2010)
FAGAN, ANDREW; WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH
A double-tuned 1H/23Na dual resonator system for tissue sodium concentration measurements in the rat brain via Na-MRI
(2010)
FAGAN, ANDREW; WETTERLING, FRIEDRICH
Abstract:
A method for quantifying the Tissue Sodium Concentration (TSC) in the rat brain from 23Na-MR images was developed. TSC is known to change in a variety of common human diseases and holds considerable potential to contribute to their study; however, its accurate measurement in small laboratory animals has been hindered by the extremely low signal to noise ratio (SNR) in 23Na images. To address this, the design, construction and characterisation of a double tuned 1H/23Na dual resonator system for 1H-guided quantitative 23Na-MRI is described. This system comprised of an SNR-optimised surface detector coil for 23Na image acquisition, and a volume resonator producing a highly-homogeneous B1 field (<5% inhomogeneity) for the Na channel across the rat head. The resonators incorporated channel independent balanced matching and tuning capabilities with active decoupling circuitry at the 23Na resonance frequency. A quantification accuracy of TSC of < 10mM was achieved in Na-images w...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41268
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A functional MRI study of the influence of practice on component processes of working memory.
(2004)
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK
A functional MRI study of the influence of practice on component processes of working memory.
(2004)
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK
Abstract:
Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that neural activity changes with task practice. The types of changes reported have been inconsistent, however, and the neural mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of practice on different component processes of working memory (WM) using a face WM task. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methodology allowed us to examine signal changes from early to late in the scanning session within different task stages (i.e., encoding, delay, retrieval), as well as to determine the influence of different levels of WM load on neural activity. We found practice-related decreases in fMRI signal and effects of memory load occurring primarily during encoding. This suggests that practice improves encoding efficiency, especially at higher memory loads. The decreases in fMRI signal we observed were not accompanied by improved behavioral performance; in fact, error rate increased for high WM load ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40652
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A functional variant of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) moderates impulsive choice in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys and siblings.
(2011)
ANNEY, RICHARD; GILL, MICHAEL
A functional variant of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) moderates impulsive choice in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys and siblings.
(2011)
ANNEY, RICHARD; GILL, MICHAEL
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Impulsive drive for immediate reward (IDIR) and delay aversion are dissociable elements of the preference for immediate over delayed rewards seen in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We hypothesized that IDIR would be associated with dopamine regulating genes and delay aversion would be associated with serotonin-regulating genes. METHODS: Impulsive drive for immediate reward and delay aversion were measured in 459 male children and adolescents (328 ADHD and 131 unaffected siblings) with a laboratory choice task. The sample was genotyped for the 5HTT (SLC6A4) promoter serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region polymorphism and a DAT1 (SLC6A3) 40-base pair variable number tandem repeat located in the 3'-untranslated region of the gene. RESULTS: There was no effect of dopamine transporter (DAT)1 on IDIR. As predicted, serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region s-allele carriers were more delay averse. This effect was driven by the s/l genoty...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/69616
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A genomewide scan for common alleles affecting risk for autism.
(2010)
ANNEY, RICHARD; GALLAGHER, LOUISE; GILL, MICHAEL; BOLSHAKOVA, NADIA; SEGURADO, RICARDO;...
A genomewide scan for common alleles affecting risk for autism.
(2010)
ANNEY, RICHARD; GALLAGHER, LOUISE; GILL, MICHAEL; BOLSHAKOVA, NADIA; SEGURADO, RICARDO; HERON, ELIZABETH; MCGRATH, JANE; TANSEY, KATHERINE; BRENNAN, SEAN; MERIKANGAS, ALISON; MERIKANGAS, ALISON KATHLEEN
Abstract:
Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have a substantial genetic basis, most of the known genetic risk has been traced to rare variants, principally copy number variants (CNVs). To identify common risk variation, the Autism Genome Project (AGP) Consortium genotyped 1558 rigorously defined ASD families for 1 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and analyzed these SNP genotypes for association with ASD. In one of four primary association analyses, the association signal for marker rs4141463, located within MACROD2, crossed the genome-wide association significance threshold of P < 5 ? 10?8. When a smaller replication sample was analyzed, the risk allele at rs4141463 was again over-transmitted; yet, consistent with the winner's curse, its effect size in the replication sample was much smaller; and, for the combined samples, the association signal barely fell below the P < 5 ? 10?8 threshold. Exploratory analyses of phenotypic subtypes yielded no significant asso...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/52983
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A high-density ERP study reveals latency, amplitude, and topographical differences in multiple sclerosis patients versus controls.
(2010)
REILLY, RICHARD; KIISKI, HANNI; NOLAN, HUGH; WHELAN, ROBERT
A high-density ERP study reveals latency, amplitude, and topographical differences in multiple sclerosis patients versus controls.
(2010)
REILLY, RICHARD; KIISKI, HANNI; NOLAN, HUGH; WHELAN, ROBERT
Abstract:
Objective. To quantify latency, amplitude and topographical differences in event-related potential (ERP) components between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and controls and to compare ERP findings with results from the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT). Methods. Fifty-four subjects (17 relapsing remitting (RRMS) patients, 16 secondary progressive (SPMS) patients, and 21 controls) completed visual and auditory oddball tasks while data were recorded from 134 EEG channels. Latency and amplitude differences, calculated using composite mean amplitude measures, were tested using an ANOVA. Topographical differences were tested using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Results. In the visual modality, P2, P3 amplitudes and N2 latency were significantly different across groups. In the auditory modality, P2, N2, and P3 latencies and N1 amplitude were significantly different across groups. There were no significant differences between RRMS and SPMS patients on any ERP component. T...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41102
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A Knowledge-Based System for Display and Prediction of O-Glycosylation Network Behaviour in Response to Enzyme Knockouts.
(2016)
DAVEY, GAVIN
A Knowledge-Based System for Display and Prediction of O-Glycosylation Network Behaviour in Response to Enzyme Knockouts.
(2016)
DAVEY, GAVIN
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/76782
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A mechanism for bistability in glycosylation
(2018)
Mc Donald, Andrew; Tipton, Keith; Davey, Gavin
A mechanism for bistability in glycosylation
(2018)
Mc Donald, Andrew; Tipton, Keith; Davey, Gavin
Abstract:
Glycosyltransferases are a class of enzymes that catalyse the posttranslational modification of proteins to produce a large number of glycoconjugate acceptors from a limited number of nucleotide-sugar donors. The products of one glycosyltransferase can be the substrates of several other enzymes, causing a combinatorial explosion in the number of possible glycan products. The kinetic behaviour of systems where multiple acceptor substrates compete for a single enzyme is presented, and the case in which high concentrations of an acceptor substrate are inhibitory as a result of abortive complex formation, is shown to result in non-Michaelian kinetics that can lead to bistability in an open system. A kinetic mechanism is proposed that is consistent with the available experimental evidence and provides a possible explanation for conflicting observations on the ?-1,4-galactosyltransferases. Abrupt switching between steady states in networks of glycosyltransferase-catalysed reactions may ac...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89653
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A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD).
(2011)
LAWLOR, BRIAN; GILL, MICHAEL
A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD).
(2011)
LAWLOR, BRIAN; GILL, MICHAEL
Abstract:
Introduction Although there is evidence for distinct behavioural sub-phenotypes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), their inter-relationships and the effect of clinical variables on their expression have been little investigated. Methods We have analysed a sample of 1850 probable AD patients from the UK and Greece with 10 item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data. We applied a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) approach to investigate the effect of MMSE, disease duration, gender, age and age of onset on the structure of a four-factor model consisting of ?psychosis?, ?moods?, ?agitation? and ?behavioural dyscontrol?. Results Specific clinical variables predicted the expression of individual factors. When the inter-relationship of factors is modelled, some previously significant associations are lost. For example, lower MMSE scores predict psychosis, agitation and behavioural dyscontrol factors, but psychosis and mood predict the agitation factor. Taking these associations ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/53324
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A neural cell adhesion molecule-derived peptide, FGL, attenuates glial cell activation in the aged hippocampus
(2011)
LYNCH, MARINA ANNETTA; COWLEY, THELMA
A neural cell adhesion molecule-derived peptide, FGL, attenuates glial cell activation in the aged hippocampus
(2011)
LYNCH, MARINA ANNETTA; COWLEY, THELMA
Abstract:
Neuroglial activation is a typical hallmark of ageing within the hippocampus, and correlates with age-related cognitive deficits. We have used quantitative immunohistochemistry and morphometric analyses to investigate whether systemic treatment with the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM)-derived peptide FG Loop (FGL) specifically alters neuroglial activation and population densities within the aged rat hippocampus (22 months of age). A series of 50 ?m paraformaldehyde/acrolein-fixed sections taken throughout the dorsal hippocampus (5 animals per group) were immunostained to detect astrocytes (GFAP and S100?) and microglial cells (CD11b/OX42 and MHCII/OX6), and analyzed using computerised image analysis and optical segmentation (Image-Pro Plus, Media Cybernetics). FGL treatment reduced the density of CD11b + and MHCII + microglia in aged animals, concomitant with a reduction in immunoreactivity for these phenotypic markers. FGL treatment also markedly reduced GFAP immunoreactivity ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/60697
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A NOS1 variant implicated in cognitive performance influences evoked neural responses during a hight density EEG study of early visual perception.
(2012)
GILL, MICHAEL; CORVIN, AIDEN; MORRIS, DEREK; DONOHOE, GARY; FAHEY, CIARA
A NOS1 variant implicated in cognitive performance influences evoked neural responses during a hight density EEG study of early visual perception.
(2012)
GILL, MICHAEL; CORVIN, AIDEN; MORRIS, DEREK; DONOHOE, GARY; FAHEY, CIARA
Abstract:
Background: The nitric oxide synthasase?1 gene (NOS1) has been implicated in mental disorders including schizophrenia and variation in cognition. The NOS1 variant rs6490121 identified in a genome wide association study of schizophrenia has recently been associated with variation in general intelligence and working memory in both patients and healthy participants. Whether this variant is also associated with variation in early sensory processing remains unclear. Methods: We investigated differences in the P1 visual evoked potential in a high density EEG study of 54 healthy participants. Given both NOS1's association with cognition and recent evidence that cognitive performance and P1 response are correlated, we investigated whether NOS1's effect on P1 response was independent of its effects on cognition using CANTAB's spatial working memory (SWM) task. Results: We found that carriers of the previously identified risk ?G? allele showed significantly lower P1 responses t...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89878
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A novel approach of homozygous haplotype sharing identifies candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder.
(2012)
ANNEY, RICHARD; MERIKANGAS, ALISON; MCGRATH, JANE; GALLAGHER, LOUISE
A novel approach of homozygous haplotype sharing identifies candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder.
(2012)
ANNEY, RICHARD; MERIKANGAS, ALISON; MCGRATH, JANE; GALLAGHER, LOUISE
Abstract:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable disorder of complex and heterogeneous aetiology. It is primarily characterized by altered cognitive ability including impaired language and communication skills and fundamental deficits in social reciprocity. Despite some notable successes in neuropsychiatric genetics, overall, the high heritability of ASD (~90%) remains poorly explained by common genetic risk variants. However, recent studies suggest that rare genomic variation, in particular copy number variation, may account for a significant proportion of the genetic basis of ASD. We present a large scale analysis to identify candidate genes which may contain low-frequency recessive variation contributing to ASD while taking into account the potential contribution of population differences to the genetic heterogeneity of ASD. Our strategy, homozygous haplotype (HH) mapping, aims to detect homozygous segments of identical haplotype structure that are shared at a higher frequenc...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72308
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A novel approach of homozygous haplotype sharing identifies candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder.
(2011)
GILL, MICHAEL; GALLAGHER, LOUISE
A novel approach of homozygous haplotype sharing identifies candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder.
(2011)
GILL, MICHAEL; GALLAGHER, LOUISE
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75289
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A Professional Body for Pharmacy?
(2008)
Henman, Martin
A Professional Body for Pharmacy?
(2008)
Henman, Martin
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75194
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A prospective cohort study of alcohol exposure in early and late pregnancy within an urban population in Ireland
(2014)
BARRY, JOSEPH; MURPHY, DEIRDRE
A prospective cohort study of alcohol exposure in early and late pregnancy within an urban population in Ireland
(2014)
BARRY, JOSEPH; MURPHY, DEIRDRE
Abstract:
Most studies of alcohol consumption in pregnancy have looked at one time point only, often relying on recall. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine whether alcohol consumption changes in early and late pregnancy and whether this affects perinatal outcomes. We performed a prospective cohort study, conducted from November 2010 to December 2011 at a teaching hospital in the Republic of Ireland. Of the 907 women with a singleton pregnancy who booked for antenatal care and delivered at the hospital, 185 (20%) abstained from alcohol in the first trimester but drank in the third trimester, 105 (12%) consumed alcohol in the first and third trimesters, and the remaining 617 (68%) consumed no alcohol in pregnancy. Factors associated with continuing to drink in pregnancy included older maternal age (30-39 years), Irish nationality, private healthcare, smoking, and a history of illicit drug use. Compared to pre-pregnancy, alcohol consumption in pregnancy was markedly reduced, with...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/70459
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A role for adenosine A1 receptor blockade in the ability of caffeine to promote MDMA "Ecstasy"-induced striatal dopamine release
(2011)
Harkin, Andrew
A role for adenosine A1 receptor blockade in the ability of caffeine to promote MDMA "Ecstasy"-induced striatal dopamine release
(2011)
Harkin, Andrew
Abstract:
Co-administration of caffeine profoundly enhances the acute toxicity of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in rats. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of caffeine to impact upon MDMA-induced dopamine release in superfused brain tissue slices as a contributing factor to this drug interaction. MDMA (100 and 300 ?M) induced a dose-dependent increase in dopamine release in striatal and hypothalamic tissue slices preloaded with [3 H] dopamine (1 ?M). Caffeine (100 ?M) also induced dopamine release in the striatum and hypothalamus, albeit to a much lesser extent than MDMA. When striatal tissue slices were superfused with MDMA (30 ?M) in combination with caffeine (30 ?M), caffeine enhanced MDMA-induced dopamine release, provoking a greater response than that obtained following either caffeine or MDMA applications alone. The synergistic effects in the striatum were not observed in hypothalamic slices. As adenosine A1 receptors, one of the main pharmacological targets o...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41267
Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 552 on page 1 of 23
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Dublin City University (29)
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