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Subject = Positron emission tomography;
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Displaying Results 1 - 14 of 14 on page 1 of 1
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A Risk Score Including Carotid Plaque Inflammation and Stenosis Severity Improves Identification of Recurrent Stroke
(2020)
Kelly, Peter; Camps-Renom, Pol; Giannotti, Nicola; McNulty, Jonathan P.; Barry, Mary; F...
A Risk Score Including Carotid Plaque Inflammation and Stenosis Severity Improves Identification of Recurrent Stroke
(2020)
Kelly, Peter; Camps-Renom, Pol; Giannotti, Nicola; McNulty, Jonathan P.; Barry, Mary; Foley, Shane J.; Horgan, Gillian; Kavanagh, Eoin; Marnane, Michael; McCabe, John; McDonnell, Ciaran; O'Connell, Martin; Murphy, S. (Sean); et al.
Abstract:
Background and Purpose— In randomized trials of symptomatic carotid endarterectomy, only modest benefit occurred in patients with moderate stenosis and important subgroups experienced no benefit. Carotid plaque 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography, reflecting inflammation, independently predicts recurrent stroke. We investigated if a risk score combining stenosis and plaque 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose would improve the identification of early recurrent stroke. Methods— We derived the score in a prospective cohort study of recent (<30 days) non-severe (modified Rankin Scale score ≤3) stroke/transient ischemic attack. We derived the SCAIL (symptomatic carotid atheroma inflammation lumen-stenosis) score (range, 0–5) including 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose standardized uptake values (SUVmax <2 g/mL, 0 points; SUVmax 2–2.99 g/mL, 1 point; SUVmax 3–3.99 g/mL, 2 points; SUVmax ≥4 g/mL, 3 points) and stenosis (<50%, 0 points; 50%–69%, 1 point; ≥70%, 2 points). We valid...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11564
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A simple evaluation of the benefit of combined kinetic analysis of multiple injection dynamic PET scans
(2019)
Gu, Fengyun; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David A.
A simple evaluation of the benefit of combined kinetic analysis of multiple injection dynamic PET scans
(2019)
Gu, Fengyun; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David A.
Abstract:
The multiple injection dynamic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning is used in the clinical management of certain groups of cancer patients and in medical research. The analysis of such studies can be approached in one of two ways: analyze individual injections separately to recover tracer kinetic information, or concatenate data from separate injections and carry out a combined analysis. Separate analysis offers some simplicity but may not be as efficient statistically. The mixture technique is readily implemented in a separated or combined analysis mode. We evaluate these approaches in a 1-D simulation setting matched to the mathematical complexity of PET. These simulations are largely guided by experience with breast cancer flow-metabolism mismatch studies using 15O-Water (H2O) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). An efficient implementation in the R (an open-source environment) is used to implement simulations. The simulations evaluate mean square error (MSE) characteristics...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10582
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An exploration of the prognostic utility of shortened dynamic imaging protocols for PET-FDG scans
(2019)
Wu, Qi; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David
An exploration of the prognostic utility of shortened dynamic imaging protocols for PET-FDG scans
(2019)
Wu, Qi; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David
Abstract:
Standard whole-body clinical fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scans typically involve imaging for around 15 minutes about 60 minutes after tracer injection. The scan duration is often the critical constraint limiting patient through-put. Scans taken long after tracer injection restrict the ability to assess vascular and perfusion information that might be revealed by the early pattern of tracer uptake. On the other hand, early scanning may compromise the recovery of the late time uptake (SUV) which in many contexts has well established prognostic value. In this study, we explore the potential for short-duration dynamic scans, acquired immediately after tracer injection, to recover information that can predict late-stage uptake of FDG. The work involves re-analysis of existing series of dynamic brain and breast tumour imaging data to simulate the type of information that would arise from early and late scanning. Using a collection of machine learning techniques (including random forests...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10589
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An illustration of the use of model-based bootstrapping for evaluation of uncertainty in kinetic information derived from dynamic PET
(2019)
Gu, Fengyun; Wu, Qi; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Huang, Jian; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David A.
An illustration of the use of model-based bootstrapping for evaluation of uncertainty in kinetic information derived from dynamic PET
(2019)
Gu, Fengyun; Wu, Qi; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Huang, Jian; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David A.
Abstract:
Kinetic mapping via mixture analysis[8], [10] involves comprehensive voxel-level analysis of dynamic PET data. Bootstrapping from the fitted mixture model gives the ability to directly simulate statistical copies of the 4-D PET data, and following suitable analysis, subsequent simulations of the associated kinetic maps. This gives the ability to numerically evaluate uncertainties in inferences associated with kinetic information. We provide a simple introduction to the concept of the model-based bootstrap and an illustration of the use of the approach for kinetic mapping from dynamic PET using results from recent work in Huang et al.[4]. The illustration is from a PET flow-metabolism imaging study in a breast cancer patient. It involves separate dynamic PET imaging following injections of O-15 H2O and F-18 FDG. The bootstrapped data is created in the image domain rather than the projection domain, so there is no reconstruction requirement involved.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10581
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Assessment of a statistical AIF extraction method for dynamic PET studies with 15O water and 18F fluorodeoxyglucose in locally advanced breast cancer patients
(2018)
O'Sullivan, Finbarr; O'Sullivan, Janet N.; Huang, Jian; Doot, Robert; Muzi, M...
Assessment of a statistical AIF extraction method for dynamic PET studies with 15O water and 18F fluorodeoxyglucose in locally advanced breast cancer patients
(2018)
O'Sullivan, Finbarr; O'Sullivan, Janet N.; Huang, Jian; Doot, Robert; Muzi, Mark; Schubert, Erin; Peterson, Lanell; Dunnwald, Lisa K.; Mankoff, David M.
Abstract:
Blood flow-metabolism mismatch from dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) studies with O-15-labeled water (H2O) and F-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been shown to be a promising diagnostic for locally advanced breast cancer (LABCa) patients. The mismatch measurement involves kinetic analysis with the arterial blood time course (AIF) as an input function. We evaluate the use of a statistical method for AIF extraction (SAIF) in these studies. Fifty three LABCa patients had dynamic PET studies with H2O and FDG. For each PET study, two AIFs were recovered, an SAIF extraction and also a manual extraction based on a region of interest placed over the left ventricle (LV-ROI). Blood flow-metabolism mismatch was obtained with each AIF, and kinetic and prognostic reliability comparisons were made. Strong correlations were found between kinetic assessments produced by both AIFs. SAIF AIFs retained the full prognostic value, for pathologic response and overall survival, of LV-ROI ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6473
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Gender-specific abnormalities in the serotonin transporter system in panic disorder
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
Gender-specific abnormalities in the serotonin transporter system in panic disorder
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
Abstract:
The central serotonergic system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of panic disorder (PD) by evidence of abnormally elevated serotonin-turnover, reduced pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT(1A-)receptor sensitivity and binding and clinical improvement during administration of agents that enhance serotonergic transmission. Polymorphisms in genes that putatively influence serotonergic neurotransmission increase the vulnerability for developing PD specifically in males. We tested the hypotheses that serotonin transporter (5-HTT) binding is elevated in PD subjects vs. healthy controls in regions where in vivo evidence exists for both elevated 5-HTT and 5-HT1A receptor levels in PD and investigated whether the extent of this difference depends upon gender. Volunteers were out-patients with current PD (n=24) and healthy controls (n=24). The non-displaceable component of 5-HTT binding-potential (BPND) was measured using positron emission tomography and the 5-HTT selective radioligand, [C-11...
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?aid=8876081
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Gender-specific abnormalities in the serotonin transporter system in panic disorder
(2018)
Cannon, Dara M.; Klaver, Jacqueline M.; Klug, Summer A.; Carlson, Paul J.; Luckenbaugh,...
Gender-specific abnormalities in the serotonin transporter system in panic disorder
(2018)
Cannon, Dara M.; Klaver, Jacqueline M.; Klug, Summer A.; Carlson, Paul J.; Luckenbaugh, David A.; Ichise, Masanori; Drevets, Wayne C.
Abstract:
The central serotonergic system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of panic disorder (PD) by evidence of abnormally elevated serotonin-turnover, reduced pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT(1A-)receptor sensitivity and binding and clinical improvement during administration of agents that enhance serotonergic transmission. Polymorphisms in genes that putatively influence serotonergic neurotransmission increase the vulnerability for developing PD specifically in males. We tested the hypotheses that serotonin transporter (5-HTT) binding is elevated in PD subjects vs. healthy controls in regions where in vivo evidence exists for both elevated 5-HTT and 5-HT1A receptor levels in PD and investigated whether the extent of this difference depends upon gender. Volunteers were out-patients with current PD (n=24) and healthy controls (n=24). The non-displaceable component of 5-HTT binding-potential (BPND) was measured using positron emission tomography and the 5-HTT selective radioligand, [C-11...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10679
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Genetic variation in htr2a influences serotonin transporter binding potential as measured using pet and [11c]dasb
(2018)
Laje, Gonzalo; Cannon, Dara M.; Allen, Andrew S.; Klaver, Jackie M.; Peck, Summer A.; L...
Genetic variation in htr2a influences serotonin transporter binding potential as measured using pet and [11c]dasb
(2018)
Laje, Gonzalo; Cannon, Dara M.; Allen, Andrew S.; Klaver, Jackie M.; Peck, Summer A.; Liu, Xinmin; Manji, Husseini K.; Drevets, Wayne C.; McMahon, Francis J.
Abstract:
In a previous study we showed that genetic variation in HTR2A, which encodes the serotonin 2A receptor, influenced outcome of citalopram treatment in patients with major depressive disorder. Since chronic administration of citalopram, which selectively and potently inhibits the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), putatively enhances serotonergic transmission, it is conceivable that genetic variation within HTR2A also influences pretreatment 5-HTT function or serotonergic transmission. The present study used positron emission tomography (PET) and the selective 5-HTT ligand, [C-11]DASB, to investigate whether the HTR2A marker alleles that predict treatment outcome also predict differences in 5-HTT binding. Brain levels of 5-HTT were assessed in vivo using PET measures of the non-displaceable component of the [C-11]DASB binding potential (BPND). DNA from 43 patients and healthy volunteers, all unmedicated, was genotyped with 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms located within or around HTR2A....
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12363
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Genetic variation in HTR2A influences serotonin transporter binding potential as measured using PET and [C-11]DASB
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
Genetic variation in HTR2A influences serotonin transporter binding potential as measured using PET and [C-11]DASB
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
Abstract:
In a previous study we showed that genetic variation in HTR2A, which encodes the serotonin 2A receptor, influenced outcome of citalopram treatment in patients with major depressive disorder. Since chronic administration of citalopram, which selectively and potently inhibits the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), putatively enhances serotonergic transmission, it is conceivable that genetic variation within HTR2A also influences pretreatment 5-HTT function or serotonergic transmission. The present study used positron emission tomography (PET) and the selective 5-HTT ligand, [C-11]DASB, to investigate whether the HTR2A marker alleles that predict treatment outcome also predict differences in 5-HTT binding. Brain levels of 5-HTT were assessed in vivo using PET measures of the non-displaceable component of the [C-11]DASB binding potential (BPND). DNA from 43 patients and healthy volunteers, all unmedicated, was genotyped with 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms located within or around HTR2A....
http://ijnp.oxfordjournals.org/content/13/6/715.abstract
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Intra-tumoural heterogeneity characterization through texture and colour analysis for differentiation of non-small cell lung carcinoma subtypes
(2018)
Ma, Yuan; Feng, Wei; Wu, Zhiyuan; Liu, Mengyang; Zhang, Feng; Liang, Zhigang; Cui, Chun...
Intra-tumoural heterogeneity characterization through texture and colour analysis for differentiation of non-small cell lung carcinoma subtypes
(2018)
Ma, Yuan; Feng, Wei; Wu, Zhiyuan; Liu, Mengyang; Zhang, Feng; Liang, Zhigang; Cui, Chunlei; Huang, Jian; Li, Xia; Guo, Xiuhua
Abstract:
Radiomics has shown potential in disease diagnosis, but its feasibility for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) subtype classification is unclear. This study aims to explore the diagnosis value of texture and colour features from positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) images in differentiation of NSCLC subtypes: adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Two patient cohorts were retrospectively collected into a dataset of 341 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2fluoro-d-glucose ([18F] FDG) PET-CT images of NSCLC tumours (125 ADC, 174 SqCC, and 42 cases with unknown subtype). Quantification of texture and colour features was performed using freehand regions of interest. The relation between extracted features and commonly used parameters such as age, gender, tumour size, and standard uptake value (SUVmax) was explored. To classify NSCLC subtypes, support vector machine algorithm was applied on these features and the classification performance was evaluated by rece...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9665
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Measuring network disruption in neurodegenerative diseases: New approaches using signal analysis.
(2019)
Nasseroleslami, Bahman; Hardiman, Orla
Measuring network disruption in neurodegenerative diseases: New approaches using signal analysis.
(2019)
Nasseroleslami, Bahman; Hardiman, Orla
Abstract:
Advanced neuroimaging has increased understanding of the pathogenesis and spread of disease, and offered new therapeutic targets. MRI and positron emission tomography have shown that neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer?s disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), Parkinson?s disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with changes in brain networks. However, the underlying neurophysiological pathways driving pathological processes are poorly defined. The gap between what imaging can discern and underlying pathophysiology can now be addressed by advanced techniques that explore the cortical neural synchronisation, excitability and functional connectivity that underpin cognitive, motor, sensory and other functions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation can show changes in focal excitability in cortical and transcortical motor circuits, while electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography can now rec...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89388
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Neurobiological trait abnormalities in bipolar disorder
(2018)
Langan, C; McDonald, C
Neurobiological trait abnormalities in bipolar disorder
(2018)
Langan, C; McDonald, C
Abstract:
Dissecting trait neurobiological abnormalities in bipolar disorder ( BD) from those characterizing episodes of mood disturbance will help elucidate the aetiopathogenesis of the illness. This selective review highlights the immunological, neuroendocrinological, molecular biological and neuroimaging abnormalities characteristic of BD, with a focus on those likely to reflect trait abnormalities by virtue of their presence in euthymic patients or in unaffected relatives of patients at high genetic liability for illness. Trait neurobiological abnormalities of BD include heightened pro-inflammatory function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction. Dysfunction in the intracellular signal transduction pathway is indicated by elevated protein kinase A activity and altered intracellular calcium signalling. Consistent neuroimaging abnormalities include the presence of ventricular enlargement and white matter abnormalities in patients with BD, which may represent intermediate phenot...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12376
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Positron emission tomography-based assessment of metabolic gradient and other prognostic features in sarcoma
(2018)
Wolsztynski, Eric; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Keyes, Eimear; O'Sullivan, Janet; Ear...
Positron emission tomography-based assessment of metabolic gradient and other prognostic features in sarcoma
(2018)
Wolsztynski, Eric; O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Keyes, Eimear; O'Sullivan, Janet; Eary, Janet F.
Abstract:
Intratumoral heterogeneity biomarkers derived from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) are of interest for a number of cancers, including sarcoma. A range of radiomic texture variables, adapted from general methodologies for image analysis, has shown promise in the setting. In the context of sarcoma, our group introduced an alternative model-based approach to the measurement of heterogeneity. In this approach, the heterogeneity of a tumor is characterized by the extent to which the 3-D FDG uptake pattern deviates from a simple elliptically contoured structure. By using a nonparametric analysis of the uptake profile obtained from this spatial model, a variable assessing the metabolic gradient of the tumor is developed. The work explores the prognostic potential of this new variable in the context of FDG-PET imaging of sarcoma. A mature clinical series involving 197 patients, 88 of whom have complete time-to-death information, is used. Texture vari...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6883
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The 5-HT1A receptor and 5-HT transporter in temporal lobe epilepsy
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
The 5-HT1A receptor and 5-HT transporter in temporal lobe epilepsy
(2015)
Cannon, Dara
Abstract:
Journal article
Objective: To study 5-HT transport and 5-HT1A receptors in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and depression.Methods: Thirteen patients had PET with [C-11]DASB for 5-HTT and [F-18]FCWAY for 5-HT1A receptor binding, MRI, and psychiatric assessment. Sixteen healthy volunteers had [C-11]DASB, 19 had [F-18]FCWAY, and 6 had both PET studies. We used a reference tissue model to estimate [C-11]DASB binding. [F-18]FCWAY volume of distribution was corrected for plasma-free fraction. Images were normalized to common space. The main outcome was the regional asymmetry index. Positive asymmetry indicates relative reduced binding (reflecting transporter activity) ipsilateral to epileptic foci.Results: Mean regional [C-11]DASB binding and asymmetry did not differ between patients and controls. [F-18]FCWAY asymmetry was significantly greater for patients than controls in hippocampus, amygdala, and fusiform gyrus. On analysis of variance with region as a repeated measure, depression di...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/4986
Displaying Results 1 - 14 of 14 on page 1 of 1
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NUI Galway (6)
Trinity College Dublin (1)
University College Cork (6)
University College Dublin (1)
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Journal article (11)
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Peer-reviewed (9)
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