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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 75 on page 1 of 3
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<i>phip</i> - a novel candidate breast cancer susceptibility locus on 6q14.1
(2018)
Jiao, Xiang; Aravidis, Christos; Marikkannu, Rajeshwari; Rantala, Johanna; Picelli, Sim...
<i>phip</i> - a novel candidate breast cancer susceptibility locus on 6q14.1
(2018)
Jiao, Xiang; Aravidis, Christos; Marikkannu, Rajeshwari; Rantala, Johanna; Picelli, Simone; Adamovic, Tatjana; Liu, Tao; Maguire, Paula; Kremeyer, Barbara; Luo, Liping; von Holst, Susanna; Kontham, Vinaykumar; Thutkawkorapin, Jessada; Margolin, Sara; Du, Quan; Lundin, Johanna; Michailidou, Kyriaki; Bolla, Manjeet K.; Wang, Qin; Dennis, Joe
Abstract:
Most non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families have no identified genetic cause. We used linkage and haplotype analyses in familial and sporadic breast cancer cases to identify a susceptibility locus on chromosome 6q. Two independent genome-wide linkage analysis studies suggested a 3 Mb locus on chromosome 6q and two unrelated Swedish families with a LOD > 2 together seemed to share a haplotype in 6q14.1. We hypothesized that this region harbored a rare high-risk founder allele contributing to breast cancer in these two families. Sequencing of DNA and RNA from the two families did not detect any pathogenic mutations. Finally, 29 SNPs in the region were analyzed in 44,214 cases and 43,532 controls from BCAC, and the original haplotypes in the two families were suggested as low-risk alleles for European and Swedish women specifically. There was also some support for one additional independent moderate-risk allele in Swedish familial samples. The results were consistent with our pr...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12095
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A community-engaged assessment of barriers and facilitators to rapid stroke treatment
(2018)
Nemeth, Lynne S.; Jenkins, Carolyn; Jauch, Edward C.; Conway, Sharon; Pearlman, Adam; S...
A community-engaged assessment of barriers and facilitators to rapid stroke treatment
(2018)
Nemeth, Lynne S.; Jenkins, Carolyn; Jauch, Edward C.; Conway, Sharon; Pearlman, Adam; Spruill, Ida J.; Brown, Lynette J.; Linnen, Joyce; Linnen, Florene; Andrews, Jeannette O.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13099
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A comparative examination of healthcare use related to hearing impairment in europe
(2018)
Xiao, Mimi; O’Neill, Ciaran
A comparative examination of healthcare use related to hearing impairment in europe
(2018)
Xiao, Mimi; O’Neill, Ciaran
Abstract:
Introduction: The economic burden of hearing impairment is an area of increased interest. In this paper we examine the relationship between hearing impairment and service use in 14 European countries. Methods: Based on the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) undertaken in 2013, Poisson regression models are used to analyse the relationship between the number of visits/number of nights in hospital, and hearing impairment controlling for a number of covariates. Results: We find that hearing impairment is generally associated with increased use of primary and secondary healthcare services when other aspects of health have been controlled. Comparative analysis revealed that where access to hearing assistive technology was greatest the additional use of services was least. Conclusions: The comparative analysis suggests that variations exist across countries in respect of the additional healthcare use occasioned by hearing impairment. They may also provide valuable in...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14464
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A cross-national study of violence-related behaviors in adolescents
(2018)
Smith-Khuri, Eleanor; Iachan, Ronaldo; Scheidt, Peter C.; Overpeck, Mary D.; Nic Gabhai...
A cross-national study of violence-related behaviors in adolescents
(2018)
Smith-Khuri, Eleanor; Iachan, Ronaldo; Scheidt, Peter C.; Overpeck, Mary D.; Nic Gabhainn, Saoirse; Pickett, William; Harel, Yossi
Abstract:
Background: Violent behavior among adolescents is a significant problem worldwide, and a cross-national comparison of adolescent violent behaviors can provide information about the development and pattern of physical violence in young adolescents. Objectives: To determine and compare frequencies of adolescent violence-related behaviors in 5 countries and to examine associations between violence-related behaviors and potential explanatory characteristics. Design, Setting, and Participants: Cross-sectional, school-based nationally representative survey at ages 11.5, 13.5, and 15.5 years in 5 countries (Ireland, Israel, Portugal, Sweden, and the United States). Main Outcome Measures: Frequency of physical fighting, bullying, weapon carrying, and fighting injuries in relation to other risk behaviors and characteristics in home and school settings. Results: Fighting frequency among US youth was similar to that of all 5 countries (nonfighters: US, 60.2%; mean frequency of 5 countries, 60....
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9894
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A new measure of multimorbid illness and treatment representations: the example of diabetes and depression
(2016)
McSharry, Jennifer
A new measure of multimorbid illness and treatment representations: the example of diabetes and depression
(2016)
McSharry, Jennifer
Abstract:
Journal article
Background: Depression is two to three times more common in people with diabetes than in the general population. Although multimorbid diabetes and depression is associated with poor health outcome, existing research has focused on patients' understanding and management of each condition in isolation. This study describes the development and validation of the Diabetes and Depression Representation and Management Questionnaire (DDRMQ), a measure of understanding, management and medication beliefs in people with diabetes and depression.Methods: In Study 1, DDRMQ items were developed through further analysis of an earlier qualitative study and refined through 18 cognitive interviews. In Study 2, 334 adults with diabetes and depression from general practices, diabetes clinics and support groups completed the DDRMQ demographic questions and validating measures.Results: Factor analysis of the DDRMQ using principal axis factoring resulted in a 35 item scale organise...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5879
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Allelic differences between Europeans and Chinese for CREB1 SNPs and their implications in gene expression regulation, hippocampal structure and function, and bipolar disorder susceptibility
(2014)
DONOHOE, GARY; MORRIS, DEREK; GILL, MICHAEL
Allelic differences between Europeans and Chinese for CREB1 SNPs and their implications in gene expression regulation, hippocampal structure and function, and bipolar disorder susceptibility
(2014)
DONOHOE, GARY; MORRIS, DEREK; GILL, MICHAEL
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/69355
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Altered gene regulation as a candidate mechanism by which ciliopathy gene SDCCAG8 contributes to schizophrenia and cognitive function
(2020)
Flynn, Mairéad; Whitton, Laura; Donohoe, Gary; Morrison, Ciaran G.; Morris, Derek W.
Altered gene regulation as a candidate mechanism by which ciliopathy gene SDCCAG8 contributes to schizophrenia and cognitive function
(2020)
Flynn, Mairéad; Whitton, Laura; Donohoe, Gary; Morrison, Ciaran G.; Morris, Derek W.
Abstract:
Mutations in genes that encode centrosomal/ciliary proteins cause severe cognitive deficits, while common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in these genes are associated with schizophrenia (SZ) and cognition in genome-wide association studies. The role of these genes in neuropsychiatric disorders is unknown. The ciliopathy gene SDCCAG8 is associated with SZ and educational attainment (EA). Genome editing of SDCCAG8 caused defects in primary ciliogenesis and cilium-dependent cell signalling. Transcriptomic analysis of SDCCAG8-deficient cells identified differentially expressed genes that are enriched in neurodevelopmental processes such as generation of neurons and synapse organization. These processes are enriched for genes associated with SZ, human intelligence (IQ) and EA. Phenotypic analysis of SDCCAG8-deficent neuronal cells revealed impaired migration and neuronal differentiation. These data implicate ciliary signalling in the aetiology of SZ and cognitive dysfunction. We found t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16274
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Ambra1 links autophagy to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by promoting c-myc dephosphorylation and degradation
(2018)
Cianfanelli, Valentina; Fuoco, Claudia; Lorente, Mar; Salazar, Maria; Quondamatteo, Fab...
Ambra1 links autophagy to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by promoting c-myc dephosphorylation and degradation
(2018)
Cianfanelli, Valentina; Fuoco, Claudia; Lorente, Mar; Salazar, Maria; Quondamatteo, Fabio; Gherardini, Pier Federico; De Zio, Daniela; Nazio, Francesca; Antonioli, Manuela; D’Orazio, Melania; Skobo, Tatjana; Bordi, Matteo; Rohde, Mikkel; Dalla Valle, Luisa; Helmer-Citterich, Manuela; Gretzmeier, Christine; Dengjel, Joern; Fimia, Gian Maria; Piacentini, Mauro; Di Bartolomeo, Sabrina
Abstract:
Inhibition of a main regulator of cell metabolism, the protein kinase mTOR, induces autophagy and inhibits cell proliferation. However, the molecular pathways involved in the cross-talk between these two mTOR-dependent cell processes are largely unknown. Here we show that the scaffold protein AMBRA1, a member of the autophagy signalling network and a downstream target of mTOR, regulates cell proliferation by facilitating the dephosphorylation and degradation of the proto-oncogene c-Myc. We found that AMBRA1 favours the interaction between c-Myc and its phosphatase PP2A and that, when mTOR is inhibited, it enhances PP2A activity on this specific target, thereby reducing the cell division rate. As expected, such a de-regulation of c-Myc correlates with increased tumorigenesis in AMBRA1-defective systems, thus supporting a role for AMBRA1 as a haploinsufficient tumour suppressor gene.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10785
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An evaluation of cro� myaction community lifestyle modification programme compared to standard care to reduce progression to diabetes/pre-diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
(2018)
Infanti, Jennifer J; Dunne, Fidelma P; O�Dea, Angela; Gillespie, Paddy; Gibson, Irene; ...
An evaluation of cro� myaction community lifestyle modification programme compared to standard care to reduce progression to diabetes/pre-diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
(2018)
Infanti, Jennifer J; Dunne, Fidelma P; O�Dea, Angela; Gillespie, Paddy; Gibson, Irene; Glynn, Liam G; Noctor, Eoin; Newell, John; McGuire, Brian E
Abstract:
Background: Universal screening using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria has identified a prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) of 12.4% in women living in Ireland. Women with prior GDM are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. A number of risk factors linked to the development of type 2 diabetes are potentially modifiable through lifestyle and behaviour changes, and medical management. No previous Irish studies have adequately investigated the efficacy of lifestyle intervention programmes in reducing these risk factors in women with prior GDM. Through a two-group, parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT), this study aims to assess the clinical impact, cost-effectiveness and psychological experience of the Croi MyAction intensive lifestyle modification programme for women with prior GDM. Methods/Design: A total of 54 women with a history of GDM and persistent post-partum glucose dysfunction (i...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12039
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An investigation of a possible association between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis and weather variables
(2017)
Hahesy, Tom; Kelleher, D. L.; Doherty, J.
An investigation of a possible association between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis and weather variables
(2017)
Hahesy, Tom; Kelleher, D. L.; Doherty, J.
Abstract:
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
Teagasc
Deposited by bulk import
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/8787
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An investigation of comorbid psychological disorders, sleep problems, gastrointestinal symptoms and epilepsy in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A two year follow-up
(2021)
Mannion, Arlene; Leader, Geraldine
An investigation of comorbid psychological disorders, sleep problems, gastrointestinal symptoms and epilepsy in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A two year follow-up
(2021)
Mannion, Arlene; Leader, Geraldine
Abstract:
Research has recently focused on studying comorbidity in the autism spectrum but little research has been conducted on follow-up studies or conducting longitudinal research into these conditions. Mannion, Leader, and Healy (2013) examined the frequency of comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and the predictors of sleep problems. The current study is a follow-up study conducted two years later with 56 participants. Age, gender, level of intellectual disability, presence of epilepsy, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and an anxiety disorder were assessed, along with administering the Autism Spectrum Disorder-Comorbid for Children (ASD-CC), the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Gastrointestinal Symptom Inventory. The aim of the study was to determine if comorbid symptoms changed over time. An additional aim was to explore if there is a relationship between family medical history and history of autoimmune disease...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16405
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Antithrombotic therapy after acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
(2018)
McGrath, Emer R.; Kapral, Moira K.; Fang, Jiming; Eikelboom, John W.; ó Conghaile, Aeng...
Antithrombotic therapy after acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
(2018)
McGrath, Emer R.; Kapral, Moira K.; Fang, Jiming; Eikelboom, John W.; ó Conghaile, Aengus; Canavan, Michelle; O’Donnell, Martin J.
Abstract:
Background and Purpose-For patients with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke (IS), current guidelines recommend oral anticoagulation (OAC) alone for secondary prevention of IS. In a large prospective cohort of patients with acute IS and atrial fibrillation, we determine the association between antithrombotic regimen on discharge and risk of major vascular events. Methods-Prospective cohort of consecutive patients included in the Ontario Stroke Registry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association between antithrombotic regimen on discharge and time to death or admission for recurrent IS, myocardial infarction, or major bleeding. Results-Two thousand one hundred sixty-two patients were hospitalized atrial fibrillation and acute IS. At discharge, 8.0% were prescribed no antithrombotic therapy, 21.6% antiplatelet therapy alone, 39.3% OAC (warfarin) alone, and 31.1% combination OAC and antiplatelet therapy. Compared with OAC alone (hazard rati...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12796
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Apples to apples: can differences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and outcomes between sweden and ireland be explained by core utstein variables?
(2018)
Masterson, Siobhán; Strömsöe, Anneli; Cullinan, John; Deasy, Conor; Vellinga, Akke
Apples to apples: can differences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and outcomes between sweden and ireland be explained by core utstein variables?
(2018)
Masterson, Siobhán; Strömsöe, Anneli; Cullinan, John; Deasy, Conor; Vellinga, Akke
Abstract:
Background: Variation in reported incidence and outcome based on aggregated data is a persistent feature of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) epidemiology. Objective: To investigate the extent to which patient-level analysis using core 'Utstein' variables explains intercountry variation between Sweden and the Republic of Ireland. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional comparative study was performed, including all Swedish and Irish OHCA cases attended by Emergency Medical Services (EMS-attended OHCA) where resuscitation was attempted from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2014. Incidence rates per 100,000 population were adjusted for age and gender. Two subgroups were extracted: (1) Utstein - adult patients, bystander-witnessed collapse, presumed medical aetiology, initial shockable rhythm and (2) Emergency Medical Service (EMS)-witnessed events. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of survival following multiple imputations of d...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12678
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Arsenic in groundwater in south west Ireland: Occurrence, controls, and hydrochemistry
(2020)
McGrory, Ellen; Holian, Emma; Alvarez-Iglesias, Alberto; Bargary, Norma; McGillicuddy, ...
Arsenic in groundwater in south west Ireland: Occurrence, controls, and hydrochemistry
(2020)
McGrory, Ellen; Holian, Emma; Alvarez-Iglesias, Alberto; Bargary, Norma; McGillicuddy, Eoin J.; Henry, Tiernan; Daly, Eve; Morrison, Liam
Abstract:
Globally numerous regions have been identified with elevated arsenic within groundwater which can result in potential adverse health risks. In Ireland, a previous national-scale research assessment of groundwater identified isolated clusters of elevated arsenic and indicated that lithology was a major controlling factor on arsenic in groundwater. Complementary comparisons of national-scale and regional-scale groundwater assessments of arsenic are lacking in Europe when compared to other global regions. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the value of a regional-scale groundwater hydrochemistry dataset with an existing national-scale approach, describe anomalies that can become the focus of attention for public health and economic reasons, and to provide a wider context for arsenic in groundwater within Ireland and Europe. Regional-scale data using 470 locations comprising 1,493 analyses using several hydrochemical parameters (arsenic, pH, conductivity, iron, manganese, sodium...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15917
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Association between caesarean section delivery and obesity in childhood: a longitudinal cohort study in Ireland
(2019)
Masukume, Gwinyai; McCarthy, Fergus P.; Baker, Philip N.; Kenny, Louise C.; Morton, Sus...
Association between caesarean section delivery and obesity in childhood: a longitudinal cohort study in Ireland
(2019)
Masukume, Gwinyai; McCarthy, Fergus P.; Baker, Philip N.; Kenny, Louise C.; Morton, Susan M. B.; Murray, Deirdre M.; Hourihane, Jonathan O'B.; Khashan, Ali S.
Abstract:
Objectives: To investigate the association between caesarean section (CS) birth and body fat percentage (BF%), body mass index (BMI) and being overweight or obese in early childhood. Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Setting: Babies After Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints: Evaluating the Longitudinal Impact on Neurological and Nutritional Endpoints cohort. Participants: Infants born to mothers recruited from the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study, Cork University Maternity Hospital between November 2007 and February 2011.Outcome measure: Overweight or obese defined according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria.Results: Of the 1305 infants, 362 (27.8%) were delivered by CS. On regression analysis, BF% at 2 months did not differ significantly by delivery mode. Infants born by CS had a higher mean BMI at 6 months compared with those born vaginally (adjusted mean difference=0.24; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.41, p value=0.009). At 2 years, no difference was seen acros...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9040
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Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: international comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries
(2018)
Due, P.
Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: international comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries
(2018)
Due, P.
Abstract:
Baskground There have been no large-scale international comparisons on bullying and health among adolescents. This study examined the association between bullying and physical and psychological symptoms among adolescents in 28 countries. Methods: This international cross-sectional survey included 123,227 students 11, 13 and 15 years of age from a nationally representative sample of schools in 28 countries in Europe and North America in 1997-98.The main outcome measures were physical and psychological symptoms. Results: The proportion of students being bullied varied enormously across countries. The lowest prevalence was observed among girls in Sweden (6.3%, 95% Cl: 5.2-7.4), the highest among boys in Lithuania (41.4%, 95% Cl 39.4-43.5). The risk of high symptom load increased with increasing exposure to bullying in all countries. In pooled analyses, with sex stratified multilevel logistic models adjusted for age, family affluence and country the odds ratios for symptoms among studen...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9089
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Clinical anxiety, cortisol and interleukin-6: evidence for specificity in emotion–biology relationships
(2018)
O’Donovan, Aoife; Hughes, Brian M.; Slavich, George M.; Lynch, Lydia; Cronin, Marie-The...
Clinical anxiety, cortisol and interleukin-6: evidence for specificity in emotion–biology relationships
(2018)
O’Donovan, Aoife; Hughes, Brian M.; Slavich, George M.; Lynch, Lydia; Cronin, Marie-Therese; O’Farrelly, Cliona; Malone, Kevin M.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13227
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Cognitive analysis of schizophrenia risk genes that function as epigenetic regulators of gene expression
(2020)
Whitton, Laura; Cosgrove, Donna; Clarkson, Christopher; Harold, Denise; Kendall, Kimber...
Cognitive analysis of schizophrenia risk genes that function as epigenetic regulators of gene expression
(2020)
Whitton, Laura; Cosgrove, Donna; Clarkson, Christopher; Harold, Denise; Kendall, Kimberley; Richards, Alex; Mantripragada, Kiran; Owen, Michael J.; O'Donovan, Michael C.; Walters, James; Hartmann, Annette; Konte, Betina; Rujescu, Dan; Gill, Michael; Corvin, Aiden; Rea, Stephen; Donohoe, Gary; Morris, Derek W.
Abstract:
Epigenetic mechanisms are an important heritable and dynamic means of regulating various genomic functions, including gene expression, to orchestrate brain development, adult neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. These processes when perturbed are thought to contribute to schizophrenia pathophysiology. A core feature of schizophrenia is cognitive dysfunction. For genetic disorders where cognitive impairment is more severe such as intellectual disability, there are a disproportionally high number of genes involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. Evidence now supports some shared genetic aetiology between schizophrenia and intellectual disability. GWAS have identified 108 chromosomal regions associated with schizophrenia risk that span 350 genes. This study identified genes mapping to those loci that have epigenetic functions, and tested the risk alleles defining those loci for association with cognitive deficits. We developed a list of 350 genes with epigenetic f...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16277
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Cross-national time trends in bullying victimization in 33 countries among children aged 11, 13 and 15 from 2002 to 2010
(2018)
Chester, K. L.; Callaghan, M.; Cosma, A.; Donnelly, P.; Craig, W.; Walsh, S.; Molcho, M.
Cross-national time trends in bullying victimization in 33 countries among children aged 11, 13 and 15 from 2002 to 2010
(2018)
Chester, K. L.; Callaghan, M.; Cosma, A.; Donnelly, P.; Craig, W.; Walsh, S.; Molcho, M.
Abstract:
Background: Bullying among children and adolescents is a public health concern; victimization is associated with psychological and physical health problems. The purpose of this study is to examine temporal trends in bullying victimization among school-aged children in Europe and North America. Methods: Data were obtained from cross-sectional self-report surveys collected as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from nationally representative samples of 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds, from 33 countries and regions which participated in the 2001-02, 2005-06 and 2009-10 surveys. Responses from 581 838 children were included in the analyses. Binary logistic regression was used for the data analyses. Results: The binary logistic regression models showed significant decreasing trends in occasional and chronic victimization between 2001-02 and 2009-10 across both genders in a third of participating countries. One country reported significant increasing trends for bot...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10765
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Delay in seeking medical help following transient ischemic attack (TIA) or "Mini-Stroke": a qualitative study
(2016)
Mc Sharry, Jennifer; Baxter, Alison; Wallace, Louise M.; Kenton, Anthony; Turner, Andre...
Delay in seeking medical help following transient ischemic attack (TIA) or "Mini-Stroke": a qualitative study
(2016)
Mc Sharry, Jennifer; Baxter, Alison; Wallace, Louise M.; Kenton, Anthony; Turner, Andrew; French, David P.
Abstract:
Background: Prompt treatment following Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) can reduce the risk of subsequent stroke and disability. However, many patients delay in making contact with medical services. This study aimed to explore TIA patients' accounts of delay between symptom onset and contacting medical services including how decisions to contact services were made and the factors discussed in relation to delay.Methods: Twenty interviews were conducted with TIA patients in England. Using a previous systematic review as an initial framework, interview data were organised into categories of symptom recognition, presence of others and type of care sought. A thematic analysis was then conducted to explore descriptions of care-seeking relevant to each category.Results: Delay in contacting medical services varied from less than an hour to eight days. Awareness of typical stroke symptoms could lead to urgent action when more severe TIA symptoms were present but could lead to delay when ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5850
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Demography and biochemistry of 2800 patients from a renal stones clinic
(2018)
Walker, V.; Stansbridge, E. M.; Griffin, D. G.
Demography and biochemistry of 2800 patients from a renal stones clinic
(2018)
Walker, V.; Stansbridge, E. M.; Griffin, D. G.
Abstract:
Background: Because the causes of stones are uncertain, interventions to prevent recurrence have an insecure foundation. Progress depends on careful evaluation of stone formers. Methods: A descriptive retrospective database study of 1983 men and 816 women from the Southampton stones clinic from 1990 to March 2007. Anonymized data from the first attendance were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: Sex ratio (2.43:1), age (median 49 y, 2.5th-97.5th percentiles, 23-77 y men, 20-79 y women), recurrent stone formers (30%) and type of stone were similar to other centres. Women more often had a positive family history (24% versus 19% men), previous urinary infection (31% versus 5%) and structural urinary tract abnormality (14% versus 7%); more men had gout (5% versus 1%) and bladder outlet obstruction (3% versus <1%). Calcium, oxalate and uric acid excretion were increased in 43%, 17% and 22% respectively of men and 31%, 7% and 10% of women. Urinary calcium,...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14334
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Depressive realism and the effect of intertrial interval on judgements of zero, positive, and negative contingencies
(2007)
Msetfi, Rachel M.; Murphy, Robin A.; Simpson, Jane
Depressive realism and the effect of intertrial interval on judgements of zero, positive, and negative contingencies
(2007)
Msetfi, Rachel M.; Murphy, Robin A.; Simpson, Jane
Abstract:
In three experiments we tested how the spacing of trials during acquisition of zero, positive, and negative event–outcome contingencies differentially affected depressed and nondepressed students’ judgements. Experiment 1 found that nondepressed participants’ judgements of zero contingencies increased with longer intertrial intervals (ITIs) but not simply longer procedure durations. Depressed groups’ judgements were not sensitive to either manipulation, producing an effect known as depressive realism only with long ITIs. Experiments 2 and 3 tested predictions of Cheng’s (1997) Power PC theory and the Rescorla–Wagner (1972) model, that the increase in context exposure experienced during the ITI might influence judgements most with negative contingencies and least with positive contingencies. Results suggested that depressed people were less sensitive to differences in contingency and contextual exposure. Together we propose that a context-processing difference between depressed and n...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2571
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Differential characterization of emerging skin diseases of rainbow trout - a standardized approach to capturing disease characteristics and development of case definitions
(2018)
Oidtmann, B; LaPatra, S E; Verner-Jeffreys, D; Pond, M; Peeler, E J; Noguera, P A; Brun...
Differential characterization of emerging skin diseases of rainbow trout - a standardized approach to capturing disease characteristics and development of case definitions
(2018)
Oidtmann, B; LaPatra, S E; Verner-Jeffreys, D; Pond, M; Peeler, E J; Noguera, P A; Bruno, D W; St-Hilaire, S; Schubiger, C B; Snekvik, K; Crumlish, M; Green, D M; Metselaar, M; Rodger, H; Schmidt-Posthaus, H; Galeotti, M; Feist, S W
Abstract:
Farmed and wild salmonids are affected by a variety of skin conditions, some of which have significant economic and welfare implications. In many cases, the causes are not well understood, and one example is cold water strawberry disease of rainbow trout, also called red mark syndrome, which has been recorded in the UK since 2003. To date, there are no internationally agreed methods for describing these conditions, which has caused confusion for farmers and health professionals, who are often unclear as to whether they are dealing with a new or a previously described condition. This has resulted, inevitably, in delays to both accurate diagnosis and effective treatment regimes. Here, we provide a standardized methodology for the description of skin conditions of rainbow trout of uncertain aetiology. We demonstrate how the approach can be used to develop case definitions, using coldwater strawberry disease as an example.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13339
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Distribution of symptom dimensions across kraepelinian divisions
(2018)
DIKEOS, D. G.; WICKHAM, H.; McDONALD, C.; WALSHE, M.; SIGMUNDSSON, T.; BRAMON, E.; GREC...
Distribution of symptom dimensions across kraepelinian divisions
(2018)
DIKEOS, D. G.; WICKHAM, H.; McDONALD, C.; WALSHE, M.; SIGMUNDSSON, T.; BRAMON, E.; GRECH, A.; TOULOPOULOU, T.; MURRAY, R.; SHAM, P. C.
Abstract:
Background Dimensional structures are established for many psychiatric diagnoses, but dimensions have not been compared between diagnostic groups. Aims To examine the structure of dimensions in psychosis, to analyse their correlations with disease characteristics and to assess the relative contribution of dimensions v. diagnosis in explaining these characteristics. Method Factor analysis of the OPCRIT items of 191 Maudsley Family Study patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders with psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, and other psychotic illnesses, followed by regression of disease characteristics from factor scores and diagnosis. Results Five factors were identified (mania, reality distortion, depression, disorganisation, negative); all were more variable in schizophrenia than in affective psychosis. Mania was the best discriminator between schizophrenia and affective psychosis; the negative factor was strongly correlated with poor premorbid functioning, insidious onset and worse...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9061
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Do mothers accurately identify their child’s overweight/obesity status during early childhood? evidence from a nationally representative cohort study
(2018)
Queally, Michelle; ,; Doherty, Edel; Matvienko-Sikar, Karen; Toomey, Elaine; Cullinan, ...
Do mothers accurately identify their child’s overweight/obesity status during early childhood? evidence from a nationally representative cohort study
(2018)
Queally, Michelle; ,; Doherty, Edel; Matvienko-Sikar, Karen; Toomey, Elaine; Cullinan, John; Harrington, Janas M.; Kearney, Patricia M.
Abstract:
Background: Maternal recognition of overweight/obesity during early childhood is a key determinant in achieving healthy weight status in children. The aim of this study is to 1) investigate maternal perceptions of their child weight, focusing on whether or not mothers accurately identify if their child is overweight or obese at three years old and five years old; 2) identify the factors influencing maternal misperceptions regarding their child's weight at three years old and five years old, 3) ascertain if a failure to recognize overweight/obesity at three years old is associated with the likelihood of doing so at five years old. Methods: Using two waves of the longitudinal Growing Up in Ireland study data regarding child, maternal, and household characteristics as well as healthcare access and utilization variables were obtained for mothers when their children are three and five years old respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to examine the factors associated w...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13543
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