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Effects of Feeding Bt Maize to Sows during Gestation and Lactation on Maternal and Offspring Immunity and Fate of Transgenic Material (2014)

Buzoianu, Stefan G.; Walsh, Maria C.; Rea, Mary; O'Donovan, Orla; Gelencser, Eva; ...

Effects of Feeding Bt Maize to Sows during Gestation and Lactation on Maternal and Offspring Immunity and Fate of Transgenic Material (2014)

Buzoianu, Stefan G.; Walsh, Maria C.; Rea, Mary; O'Donovan, Orla; Gelencser, Eva; Ujhelyi, Gabriella; Szabo, Erika; Nagy, Andras; Ross, R Paul; Gardiner, Gillian E.; Lawlor, Peadar G

Abstract:

Background: We aimed to determine the effect of feeding transgenic maize to sows during gestation and lactation on maternal and offspring immunity and to assess the fate of transgenic material. Methodology/Principal Findings: On the day of insemination, sows were assigned to one of two treatments (n = 12/treatment); 1) non-Bt control maize diet or 2) Bt-MON810 maize diet, which were fed for ~143 days throughout gestation and lactation. Immune function was assessed by leukocyte phenotyping, haematology and Cry1Ab-specific antibody presence in blood on days 0, 28 and 110 of gestation and at the end of lactation. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cell cytokine production was investigated on days 28 and 110 of gestation. Haematological analysis was performed on offspring at birth (n = 12/treatment). Presence of the cry1Ab transgene was assessed in sows' blood and faeces on day 110 of gestation and in blood and tissues of offspring at birth. Cry1Ab protein presence was assessed in so...

http://hdl.handle.net/11019/722

Marked Mark

Genomic Regions Associated With Gestation Length Detected Using Whole-Genome Sequence Data Differ Between Dairy and Beef Cattle (2020)

Purfield, Deirdre C.; Evans, Ross D.; Carthy, Tara; Berry, Donagh

Genomic Regions Associated With Gestation Length Detected Using Whole-Genome Sequence Data Differ Between Dairy and Beef Cattle (2020)

Purfield, Deirdre C.; Evans, Ross D.; Carthy, Tara; Berry, Donagh

Abstract:

While many association studies exist that have attempted to relate genomic markers to phenotypic performance in cattle, very few have considered gestation length as a phenotype, and of those that did, none used whole genome sequence data from multiple breeds. The objective of the present study was therefore to relate imputed whole genome sequence data to estimated breeding values for gestation length using 22,566 sires (representing 2,262,706 progeny) of multiple breeds [Angus (AA), Charolais (CH), Holstein-Friesian (HF), and Limousin (LM)]. The associations were undertaken within breed using linear mixed models that accounted for genomic relatedness among sires; a separate association analysis was undertaken with all breeds analysed together but with breed included as a fixed effect in the model. Furthermore, the genome was divided into 500 kb segments and whether or not segments harboured a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with a P ≤ 1 × 10-4 common to different combinations o...

http://hdl.handle.net/11019/2332

Marked Mark

Nutritional intervention during gestation alters growth, body composition and gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle of pig offspring (2013)

Mc Namara, Louise; Giblin, Linda; Markham, T.; Stickland, N. C.; Berry, Donagh; O'...

Nutritional intervention during gestation alters growth, body composition and gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle of pig offspring (2013)

Mc Namara, Louise; Giblin, Linda; Markham, T.; Stickland, N. C.; Berry, Donagh; O'Reilly, James J; Lynch, P Brendan; Kerry, Joseph P.; Lawlor, Peadar G

Abstract:

Variations in maternal nutrition during gestation can influence foetal growth, foetal development and permanently ‘programme’ offspring for postnatal life. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of increased maternal nutrition during different gestation time windows on offspring growth, carcass quality, meat quality and gene expression in skeletal muscle. A total of 64 sows were assigned to the following feeding treatments: a standard control diet at a feed allocation of 2.3 kg/day throughout gestation, increased feed allowance of 4.6 kg/day from 25 to 50 days of gestation (dg), from 50 to 80 dg and from 25 to 80 dg. At weaning, Light, Medium and Heavy pigs of the same gender, within litter, were selected based on birth weight, individually penned and monitored until slaughter at 130 days post weaning. Carcass and meat quality traits of the semimembranosus (SM) muscle were recorded post mortem. A cross section of the semitendinosus (ST) muscle encompassing the deep an...

http://hdl.handle.net/11019/373

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Perinatal Statistics Report 2007 (2009)

Health Research and Information Division,; The Economic and Social Research Institute

Perinatal Statistics Report 2007 (2009)

Health Research and Information Division,; The Economic and Social Research Institute

Abstract:

The Perinatal Statistics Report 2007 presents information on babies born in Ireland in 2007, together with the demographic characteristics of their parents. In 2007, 71,963 births were notified to the National Perinatal Reporting System. The birth rate for 2007 was 16.5 per 1,000 population (an increase from 15.4 for 2006). The Perinatal Mortality Rate was 7.3 per 1,000 live births and stillbirths in 2007. The two components of the Perinatal Mortality Rate - the Early Neonatal Death Rate and the Stillbirth Rate were 1.8 per 1,000 live births and 5.5 per 1,000 live births and stillbirths respectively. Delivery by Caesarean Section accounted for 26 per cent of all live births, compared to 24 per cent in 2003 and 20 per cent in 1999. The average birthweight of babies born in 2007 was estimated at 3,465g. The Twinning Rate for 2007 was 15.4 per 1,000 maternities, and comprised 1,092 sets of twin births and 27 sets of triplet births. In 2007, the average age of all mothers was 31 years ...

http://hdl.handle.net/10147/86818

Marked Mark

Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark (Mustelus asterias): geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation (2010)

Farrell, E D; Mariani, S; Clarke, M W

Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark (Mustelus asterias): geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation (2010)

Farrell, E D; Mariani, S; Clarke, M W

Abstract:

Examination of the reproductive biology of Mustelus asterias in the north-east Atlantic Ocean highlighted apparent geographical variation in maturity, fecundity and ovarian cycle between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations. The stretch total length (LST) and age at 50% maturity for Atlantic males and females were estimated at 78 cm LST and 4–5 years and 87 cm LST and 6 years, respectively. Size at maturity of females was considerably smaller than in Mediterranean specimens (96 cm LST). Ovarian fecundity ranged from eight to 27 oocytes and uterine fecundity from six to 18 embryos. The gestation period was c. 12 months, followed by a resting period of c. 12 months, resulting in a biennial cycle. Females stored sperm in the oviducal gland and, unlike Mediterranean specimens, no uterine compartments were observed in Atlantic specimens. This study reveals the existence of strong, possibly adaptive, divergence in life-history traits in an elasmobranch, whose northern populations may be...

http://hdl.handle.net/10793/87

Marked Mark

Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark mustelus asterias: geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation (2018)

Farrell, E. D.; Mariani, S.; Clarke, M. W.

Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark mustelus asterias: geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation (2018)

Farrell, E. D.; Mariani, S.; Clarke, M. W.

Abstract:

Examination of the reproductive biology of Mustelus asterias in the north-east Atlantic Ocean highlighted apparent geographical variation in maturity, fecundity and ovarian cycle between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations. The stretch total length (L-ST) and age at 50% maturity for Atlantic males and females were estimated at 78 cm L-ST and 4-5 years and 87 cm L-ST and 6 years, respectively. Size at maturity of females was considerably smaller than in Mediterranean specimens (96 cm L-ST). Ovarian fecundity ranged from eight to 27 oocytes and uterine fecundity from six to 18 embryos. The gestation period was c. 12 months, followed by a resting period of c. 12 months, resulting in a biennial cycle. Females stored sperm in the oviducal gland and, unlike Mediterranean specimens, no uterine compartments were observed in Atlantic specimens. This study reveals the existence of strong, possibly adaptive, divergence in life-history traits in an elasmobranch, whose northern populations ma...

http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11419