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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 81 on page 1 of 4
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A combined wear-fatigue design methodology for fretting in the pressure armour layer of flexible marine risers
(2019)
O'Halloran, Sinéad M.; Shipway, Philip H.; Connaire, Adrian D.; Leen, Sean B.; Ha...
A combined wear-fatigue design methodology for fretting in the pressure armour layer of flexible marine risers
(2019)
O'Halloran, Sinéad M.; Shipway, Philip H.; Connaire, Adrian D.; Leen, Sean B.; Harte, Annette M.
Abstract:
This paper presents a combined experimental and computational methodology for fretting wear-fatigue prediction of pressure armour wire in flexible marine risers. Fretting wear, friction and fatigue parameters of pressure armour material have been characterised experimentally. A combined fretting wear-fatigue finite element model has been developed using an adaptive meshing technique and the effect of bending-induced tangential slip has been characterised. It has been shown that a surface damage parameter combined with a multiaxial fatigue parameter can accurately predict the beneficial effect of fretting wear on fatigue predictions. This provides a computationally efficient design tool for fretting in the pressure armour layer of flexible marine risers.
The authors would like to thank the Irish Research Council and Wood Group for funding of this project through the Enterprise Partnership Scheme (EPSPG/2013/638), and the National University of Ireland for funding through an NUI T...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15643
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A finite element study of microstructure-sensitive plasticity and crack nucleation in fretting
(2018)
McCarthy, O.J.; McGarry, J.P.; Leen, Sean B.
A finite element study of microstructure-sensitive plasticity and crack nucleation in fretting
(2018)
McCarthy, O.J.; McGarry, J.P.; Leen, Sean B.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12721
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A global-local fretting analysis methodology and design study for the pressure armour layer of dynamic flexible marine risers
(2019)
O'Halloran, Sinéad; Connaire, Adrian D.; Harte, Annette M.; Leen, Sean B.
A global-local fretting analysis methodology and design study for the pressure armour layer of dynamic flexible marine risers
(2019)
O'Halloran, Sinéad; Connaire, Adrian D.; Harte, Annette M.; Leen, Sean B.
Abstract:
In this paper, a global-local fretting design methodology for the pressure armour layer of flexible marine risers is outlined. This includes global dynamic riser analysis, geometrical and analytical sub-models and local nub-groove contact finite element analysis. Furthermore, a fretting test rig is developed and utilised to quantify coefficient of friction and wear coefficient under representative nub-groove loading conditions. The combination of the global-local computational methodology and experimental characterisation of pressure armour wire material allows for the development of running condition fretting maps. This identifies design criteria for critical riser global curvatures that are associated with minimum number of cycles to failure. The design methodology presented in this paper is applied to a realistic riser design study, using extreme sea-state loading conditions. In this case study, the predicted pressure armour fretting fatigue lives are found to be in the same rang...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15639
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A non-linear neural network technique for updating of river flow forecasts
(2018)
Shamseldin, A. Y.; O’Connor, K. M.
A non-linear neural network technique for updating of river flow forecasts
(2018)
Shamseldin, A. Y.; O’Connor, K. M.
Abstract:
A non-linear Auto-Regressive Exogenous-input model (NARXM) river flow forecasting output-updating procedure is presented. This updating procedure is based on the structure of a multi-layer neural network. The NARXM-neural network updating procedure is tested using the daily discharge forecasts of the soil moisture accounting and routing (SMAR) conceptual model operating on five catchments having different climatic conditions. The performance of the NARXM-neural network updating procedure is compared with that of the linear Auto-Regressive Exogenous-input (ARXM) model updating procedure, the latter being a generalisation of the widely used Auto-Regressive (AR) model forecast error updating procedure. The results of the comparison indicate that the NARXM procedure performs better than the ARXM procedure.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9867
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A strain-gradient, crystal plasticity model for microstructure-sensitive fretting crack initiation in ferritic-pearlitic steel for flexible marine risers
(2019)
Ashton, Patrick; Harte, Annette M.; Leen, Sean B.
A strain-gradient, crystal plasticity model for microstructure-sensitive fretting crack initiation in ferritic-pearlitic steel for flexible marine risers
(2019)
Ashton, Patrick; Harte, Annette M.; Leen, Sean B.
Abstract:
A three-dimensional, strain-gradient, crystal plasticity methodology is presented for prediction of microstructure-sensitive length-scale effects in crack initiation, under fatigue and fretting fatigue conditions, for a ferritic-pearlitic steel used in flexible marine risers. The methodology, comprising length-scale dependent constitutive model and scale-consistent fatigue indicator parameters, is calibrated and validated for representative (measured) dual-phase microstructures under strain-controlled low cycle fatigue conditions. Prediction of the effects of length-scale on fretting crack initiation is based on a three-dimensional, crystal plasticity, frictional contact model to predict fretting crack location and initial growth path, accounting for the effects of crystallographic orientation. The length-scale dependent fatigue and fretting simulations predict (i) significant beneficial effect of reducing length-scale for low cycle fatigue life, (ii) complex cyclically- and spatial...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15594
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A universal chemical potential for sulfur vapours
(2015)
Jackson, Adam J.; Tiana, Davide; Walsh, Aron
A universal chemical potential for sulfur vapours
(2015)
Jackson, Adam J.; Tiana, Davide; Walsh, Aron
Abstract:
The unusual chemistry of sulfur is illustrated by the tendency for catenation. Sulfur forms a range of open and closed S-n species in the gas phase, which has led to speculation on the composition of sulfur vapours as a function of temperature and pressure for over a century. Unlike elemental gases such as O-2 and N-2, there is no widely accepted thermodynamic potential for sulfur. Here we combine a first-principles global structure search for the low energy clusters from S-2 to S-8 with a thermodynamic model for the mixed-allotrope system, including the Gibbs free energy for all gas-phase sulfur on an atomic basis. A strongly pressure-dependent transition from a mixture dominant in S-2 to S8 is identified. A universal chemical potential function, mu(S)(T,P), is proposed with wide utility in modelling sulfurisation processes including the formation and annealing of metal chalcogenide semiconductors.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6424
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Adaptive WSN Scheduling for Lifetime Extension in Environmental Monitoring Applications
(2015)
Lim, Jong Chern; Bleakley, Chris J.
Adaptive WSN Scheduling for Lifetime Extension in Environmental Monitoring Applications
(2015)
Lim, Jong Chern; Bleakley, Chris J.
Abstract:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often used for environmental monitoring applications in which nodes periodically measure environmental conditions and immediately send the measurements back to the sink for processing. Since WSN nodes are typically battery powered, network lifetime is a major concern. A key research problem is how to determine the data gathering schedule that will maximize network lifetime while meeting the user's application-specific accuracy requirements. In this work, a novel algorithm for determining efficient sampling schedules for data gathering WSNs is proposed. The algorithm differs from previous work in that it dynamically adapts the sampling schedule based on the observed internode data correlation as well as the temporal correlation. The performance of the algorithm has been assessed using real-world datasets. For two-tier networks, the proposed algorithm outperforms a highly cited previously published algorithm by up to 512% in terms of lifetime a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7115
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An investigation of the viscoelastic creep behaviour of basalt fibre reinforced timber elements
(2019)
Conan O'Ceallaigh, Conan; Sikora, Karol; McPolin, Daniel; Harte, Annette M.
An investigation of the viscoelastic creep behaviour of basalt fibre reinforced timber elements
(2019)
Conan O'Ceallaigh, Conan; Sikora, Karol; McPolin, Daniel; Harte, Annette M.
Abstract:
An investigation was carried out to examine the effect of flexural reinforcement on the long-term behaviour of timber beams. Creep tests, utilising statistically matched groups, were performed under Service Class 1 conditions on reinforced and unreinforced beams loaded to a common maximum compressive stress of 8 MPa. As flexural reinforcement resulted in a reduction in the timber tensile stresses, the viscoelastic tensile strains in the reinforced members were found to be significantly lower than in the unreinforced beams. It was found that the viscoelastic relative creep deflection was governed by the stress level in the timber and the reinforcement had an insignificant effect. It is concluded that current creep modification factors in Eurocode 5 may be suitable for the design of reinforced timber elements under Service Class 1 conditions. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
This work has been carried out as part of the project entitled ‘Innovation in Irish Timber Usage...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14842
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An xfem-based methodology for fatigue delamination and permeability of composites
(2018)
Grogan, D.M.; Leen, Sean B.; Ó Brádaigh, C.M.
An xfem-based methodology for fatigue delamination and permeability of composites
(2018)
Grogan, D.M.; Leen, Sean B.; Ó Brádaigh, C.M.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11739
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Application of the u and gamma' models in binary sweet taste mixtures
(2018)
Laffort, P.
Application of the u and gamma' models in binary sweet taste mixtures
(2018)
Laffort, P.
Abstract:
The U and Gamma' models of sensory interactions, successfully applied in olfaction for several years, are tested here using data from published studies on sweetness. The models are subsequently tested on new data obtained in studies of binary mixtures of four sodium sulfamates. The U model allows for the estimation of a global interaction, whereas the Gamma' model allows for the distinction between that which is due to an intrinsic interaction in the mixture itself and that which may be due to the power function exponents in the mixture. The models give satisfactory predictions for observed phenomena of sweet taste suppression, synergism or pure additivity. Additionally, they appear to be more suitable than other models recently applied in taste, particularly the equiratio model. Application of the models to the sulfamate mixtures, reveals additivity for sodium cyclohexylsulfamate (cyclamate)/potassium cyclohexylsulfamate and sodium cyclohexylsulfamate/sodium exo-2-norborn...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9420
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Predictions from Partial Least Squares Models
(2018)
Danks, Nicholas
Predictions from Partial Least Squares Models
(2018)
Danks, Nicholas
Abstract:
This chapter seeks to introduce partial least squares (PLS) practitioners to the generation and evaluation of predictions from their path models, both as a means of validating the practical usefulness of their models and for forecasting future outcomes.Studies in tourism and hospitality currently offer strong research utility by explaining how personal, regional, or commercial factors generally relate to positive outcomes for the industry. However, the practical utility of our studies is limited to general policy-making suggestions based on the significance of antecedent factors. Could we use our models to predict, say, a new subject?s potential behavior in the future, or forecast how a particular region or commercial interest will fare in the coming year given new data? In addition, before we even have access to data on new subjects, can we use our existing samples to validate that our current models have the potential to make accurate pre...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93730
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Audio quality assessment techniques—a review, and recent developments
(2018)
Campbell, Dermot; Jones, Edward; Glavin, Martin
Audio quality assessment techniques—a review, and recent developments
(2018)
Campbell, Dermot; Jones, Edward; Glavin, Martin
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10667
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Basal forebrain volume, but not hippocampal volume, is a predictor of global cognitive decline in patients with alzheimer's disease treated with cholinesterase inhibitors
(2018)
Bokde, Arun; Teipel, Stefan J.; Cavedo, Enrica; Hampel, Harald; Gothe, Michel J.
Basal forebrain volume, but not hippocampal volume, is a predictor of global cognitive decline in patients with alzheimer's disease treated with cholinesterase inhibitors
(2018)
Bokde, Arun; Teipel, Stefan J.; Cavedo, Enrica; Hampel, Harald; Gothe, Michel J.
Abstract:
Background: Predicting the progression of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important for treatment selection and patient counseling. Structural MRI markers such as hippocampus or basal forebrain volumes might represent useful instruments for the prediction of cognitive decline. The primary objective was to determine the predictive value of hippocampus and basal forebrain volumes for global and domain specific cognitive decline in AD dementia during cholinergic treatment. Methods: We used MRI and cognitive data from 124 patients with the clinical diagnosis of AD dementia, derived from the ADNI-1 cohort, who were on standard of care cholinesterase inhibitor treatment during a follow-up period between 0.4 and 3.1 years. We used linear mixed effects models with cognitive function as outcome to assess the main effects as well as two-way interactions between baseline volumes and time controlling for age, sex, and total intracranial volume. This model accounts for ind...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/90788
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Biomaterial constructs for delivery of multiple therapeutic genes: a spatiotemporal evaluation of efficacy using molecular beacons
(2018)
Alexander, Jennifer C.; Browne, Shane; Pandit, Abhay; Rochev, Yury
Biomaterial constructs for delivery of multiple therapeutic genes: a spatiotemporal evaluation of efficacy using molecular beacons
(2018)
Alexander, Jennifer C.; Browne, Shane; Pandit, Abhay; Rochev, Yury
Abstract:
Gene therapy is emerging as a potential therapeutic approach for cardiovascular pathogenesis. An appropriate therapy may require multiple genes to enhance therapeutic outcome by modulating inflammatory response and angiogenesis in a controlled and time-dependent manner. Thus, the aim of this research was to assess the spatiotemporal efficacy of a dualgene therapy model based on 3D collagen scaffolds loaded with the therapeutic genes interleukin 10 (IL-10), a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), a promoter of angiogenesis. A collagen-based scaffold loaded with plasmid IL-10 polyplexes and plasmid eNOS polyplexes encapsulated into microspheres was used to transfect HUVECs and HMSCs cells. The therapeutic efficacy of the system was monitored at 2, 7 and 14 days for eNOS and IL-10 mRNA expression using RT-PCR and live cell imaging molecular beacon technology. The dual gene releasing collagen-based scaffold provided both sustained and delayed r...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10184
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Body mass index and risk of surgical site infection following spine surgery: a meta-analysis
(2018)
Abdallah, Dima Y.; Jadaan, Mutaz M.; McCabe, John P.
Body mass index and risk of surgical site infection following spine surgery: a meta-analysis
(2018)
Abdallah, Dima Y.; Jadaan, Mutaz M.; McCabe, John P.
Abstract:
Inconsistent results have been reported in the literature on the association between obesity, expressed as increased body mass index (BMI), and risk for surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery. The objective of this study was to review and quantify the association between increased BMI and risk of spinal SSI in adults. We performed a comprehensive search for relevant studies using PubMed, Embase, and references of published manuscripts. Study-specific risk measures were transformed into slope estimates and combined using the random effects meta-analysis model to establish the risk of SSI associated with every 5-unit increase in BMI. Thirty-four articles underwent full-text review. Variations were noted among these studies in relation to SSI diagnosis criteria and BMI cut-off levels used to define obesity. Data from 12 retrospective studies were included in the analyses. Results showed that BMI was significantly positively associated with the risk of spinal SSI. Unadjus...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10064
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Comparative study on assimilating remote sensing high frequency radar surface currents at an atlantic marine renewable energy test site
(2018)
Ren, Lei; Hartnett, Michael
Comparative study on assimilating remote sensing high frequency radar surface currents at an atlantic marine renewable energy test site
(2018)
Ren, Lei; Hartnett, Michael
Abstract:
A variety of data assimilation approaches have been applied to enhance modelling capability and accuracy using observations from different sources. The algorithms have varying degrees of complexity of implementation, and they improve model results with varying degrees of success. Very little work has been carried out on comparing the implementation of different data assimilation algorithms using High Frequency radar (HFR) data into models of complex inshore waters strongly influenced by both tides and wind dynamics, such as Galway Bay. This research entailed implementing four different data assimilation algorithms: Direct Insertion (DI), Optimal Interpolation (OI), Nudging and indirect data assimilation via correcting model forcing into a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and carrying out detailed comparisons of model performances. This work will allow researchers to directly compare four of the most common data assimilation algorithms being used in operational coastal hydrodynam...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13629
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Comparison of approaches for rational siRNA design leading to a new efficient and transparent method
(2007)
Matveeva, Olga; Nechipurenko, Yury; Rossi, Leo; Moore, Barry; Saetrom, Pal; Ogurtsov, A...
Comparison of approaches for rational siRNA design leading to a new efficient and transparent method
(2007)
Matveeva, Olga; Nechipurenko, Yury; Rossi, Leo; Moore, Barry; Saetrom, Pal; Ogurtsov, Aleksey Y.; Atkins, John F.; Shabalina, Svetlana A.
Abstract:
Current literature describes several methods for the design of efficient siRNAs with 19 perfectly matched base pairs and 2 nt overhangs. Using four independent databases totaling 3336 experimentally verified siRNAs, we compared how well several of these methods predict siRNA cleavage efficiency. According to receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and correlation analyses, the best programs were BioPredsi, ThermoComposition and DSIR. We also studied individual parameters that significantly and consistently correlated with siRNA efficacy in different databases. As a result of this work we developed a new method which utilizes linear regression fitting with local duplex stability, nucleotide position-dependent preferences and total G/C content of siRNA duplexes as input parameters. The new method's discrimination ability of efficient and inefficient siRNAs is comparable with that of the best methods identified, but its parameters are more obviously related to the mechanisms of s...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5032
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Comparison of different forms of the multi-layer feed-forward neural network method used for river flow forecasting
(2018)
Shamseldin, A. Y.; Nasr, A. E.; O’Connor, K. M.
Comparison of different forms of the multi-layer feed-forward neural network method used for river flow forecasting
(2018)
Shamseldin, A. Y.; Nasr, A. E.; O’Connor, K. M.
Abstract:
The Multi-Layer Feed-Forward Neural Network (MLFFNN) is applied in the context of river flow forecast combination, where a number of rainfall-runoff models are used simultaneously to produce an overall combined river flow forecast. The operation of the MLFFNN depends not only on its neuron configuration but also on the choice of neuron transfer function adopted, which is non-linear for the hidden and output layers. These models, each having a different structure to simulate the perceived mechanisms of the runoff process, utilise the information carrying capacity of the model calibration data in different ways. Hence, in a discharge forecast combination procedure, the discharge forecasts of each model provide a source of information different from that of the other models used in the combination. In the present work, the significance of the choice of the transfer function type in the overall performance of the MLFFNN, when used in the river flow forecast combination context, is inves...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9865
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Comparison of four updating models for real-time river flow forecasting
(2018)
XIONG, LIHUA; O'CONNOR, KIERAN M.
Comparison of four updating models for real-time river flow forecasting
(2018)
XIONG, LIHUA; O'CONNOR, KIERAN M.
Abstract:
Four different error-forecast updating models are investigated in terms of their capability of providing real-time river flow forecast accuracy superior to that of rainfall-runoff models applied in the simulation (nonupdating) mode. The first and most widely used is the single autoregressive (AR) model, the second being an elaboration of that model, namely the auto regressive-threshold (AR-TS) updating model. A fuzzy autoregressive-threshold (FU-AR-TS) updating model is proposed as the third form of model, the fourth and final error-forecast updating model applied being the artificial neural network (ANN) model. In the application of these four updating models, the lumped soil moisture accounting and routing (SMAR) conceptual model has been selected to simulate the observed discharge series on 11 selected test catchments. As expected, it is found that all of these four updating models are very successful in improving the flow forecast accuracy, when operating in real-tithe forecasti...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9997
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Comparison of three updating schemes using artificial neural network in flow forecasting
(2018)
Xiong, Lihua; O’Connor, Kieran M.; Guo, Shenglian
Comparison of three updating schemes using artificial neural network in flow forecasting
(2018)
Xiong, Lihua; O’Connor, Kieran M.; Guo, Shenglian
Abstract:
Three updating schemes using artificial neural network (ANN) in flow forecasting are compared in terms of model efficiency. The first is the ANN model in the simulation mode plus an autoregressive (AR) model. For the ANN model in the simulation model, the input includes the observed rainfall and the previously estimated discharges, while the AR model is used to forecast the flow simulation errors of the ANN model. The second one is the ANN model in the updating mode, i.e. the ANN model uses the observed discharge directly together with the observed rainfall as the input. In this scheme, the weights of the ANN model are obtained by optimisation and then kept fixed in the procedure of flow forecasting. The third one is also the ANN model in the updating mode; however, the weights of the ANN model are no longer fixed but updated at each time step by the backpropagation method using the latest forecast error of the ANN model. These three updating schemes are tested for flow forecasting ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9998
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Design and implementation of a performance assessment methodology cognisant of data accuracy for Irish wastewater treatment plants
(2019)
Doherty, Edelle; McNamara, Greg; Fitzsimons, Lorna; Clifford, Eoghan
Design and implementation of a performance assessment methodology cognisant of data accuracy for Irish wastewater treatment plants
(2019)
Doherty, Edelle; McNamara, Greg; Fitzsimons, Lorna; Clifford, Eoghan
Abstract:
Without intervention, wastewater treatment plants will become more resource intensive as they strive to meet environmental regulations. This challenge is set against the backdrop, in many countries, of an emphasis on cost reduction and increasing concern regarding the sustainability of the sector. It is imperative that tools and methodologies are developed that allow the wastewater sector to measure resource efficiency and benchmark performance in a standardised and efficient manner. Existing benchmarking systems can offer detailed analysis of many aspects of wastewater treatment. However, these systems do not offer a means of assessing the accuracy of the data used for performance assessment. This paper presents and pilots a unique performance assessment methodology for wastewater treatment plants which addresses these challenges; enabling stakeholders to (i) benchmark a wide variety of wastewater treatment plants in an efficient and standardised manner (ii) identify data accuracy ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15381
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Detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions in multi-morbid older patients
(2018)
Jennings. Emma L. M.; Gallagher, Paul F.; O'Mahony, Denis
Detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions in multi-morbid older patients
(2018)
Jennings. Emma L. M.; Gallagher, Paul F.; O'Mahony, Denis
Abstract:
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a recognised unintentional form of iatrogenic harm, which commonly occur in older adults who have high levels of multi-morbidity and associated polypharmacy. Previous studies estimate that at least one in 10 hospitalised older patients will experience an ADR. While recent research indicates that this could be as high as 39% in hospitalised multi-morbid, older adults, up to two-thirds of these ADRs can be considered preventable and therefore potentially avoidable. In addition to increasing patient morbidity and contributing to avoidable mortality, there is an associated cost implication with ADR occurrence. This commentary summarises current mainstream research in terms of ADR detection, prediction and prevention in multi-morbid older patients. At present, the biggest barrier to understanding and comparing ADRs in the literature is the large heterogeneity that exists in the population and study methods. Furthermore, there is the lack of standardised ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/7480
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Developing the FARSEEING taxonomy of technologies: classification and description of technology use (including ICT) in falls prevention studies
(2016)
Boulton, Elisabeth; Hawley-Hague, Helen; Vereijken, Beatrix; Clifford, Amanda M.; Gulde...
Developing the FARSEEING taxonomy of technologies: classification and description of technology use (including ICT) in falls prevention studies
(2016)
Boulton, Elisabeth; Hawley-Hague, Helen; Vereijken, Beatrix; Clifford, Amanda M.; Guldemond, Nick; Pfeifer, Klaus; Hall, Alex; Chesani, Federico; Mellone, Sabato; Bourke, Alan; Todd, Chris
Abstract:
Background: Recent Cochrane reviews on falls and fall prevention have shown that it is possible to prevent falls in older adults living in the community and in care facilities. Technologies aimed at fall detection, assessment, prediction and prevention are emerging, yet there has been no consistency in describing or reporting on interventions using technologies. With the growth of eHealth and data driven interventions, a common language and classification is required.Objective: The FARSEEING Taxonomy of Technologies was developed as a tool for those in the field of biomedical informatics to classify and characterise components of studies and interventions.Methods: The Taxonomy Development Group (TDG) comprised experts from across Europe. Through face-to-face meetings and contributions via email, five domains were developed, modified and agreed: Approach; Base; Components of outcome measures; Descriptors of technologies; and Evaluation. Each domain included sub-domains and categories...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/7228
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Dynamic forecasting and adaptation for demand optimization in the smart grid
(2012)
O'Toole, Eamonn; Clarke, Siobhán
Dynamic forecasting and adaptation for demand optimization in the smart grid
(2012)
O'Toole, Eamonn; Clarke, Siobhán
Abstract:
The daily peaks and valleys in energy demand create inefficiencies and expense in the operation of the electricity grid. Valley periods force utilities to curtail renewable energy sources such as wind as their unpredictable nature makes it difficult to maintain line frequency across the network within target bounds. Peak periods require additional generators that remain dormant during other periods. Smoothing this demand cycle is one of the fundamental challenges of the Smart Grid, requiring flexibility and coordination between actors throughout the Grid. This paper describes the Smart Grid as a multi-layered system and proposes a cross-layered dynamic adaptation approach to facilitate this flexibility and coordination. This method uses a hierarchical taxonomy to identify appropriate adaptation actions in response to identified mismatches, supported by a run-time predictive statistical framework to predict mismatches, enabling timely adaptations to be triggered.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2577
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Effects of shearing at housing, grass silage feed value and extended grazing herbage allowance on ewe and subsequent lamb performance
(2018)
Keady, T. W. J.; Hanrahan, J. P.
Effects of shearing at housing, grass silage feed value and extended grazing herbage allowance on ewe and subsequent lamb performance
(2018)
Keady, T. W. J.; Hanrahan, J. P.
Abstract:
The study involved 120 crossbred ewes (sixty 1.5 years old animals and sixty 2.5 years old animals; initial liveweight 67.6 kg, condition score 3.7), that were mated in October They were assigned to six treatments (two shearing treatments (shorn and unshorn) X two silage feed values (low and medium) and two extended grazed herbage allowances (1.0 and 1.8 kg dry matter (DM)/day)) designed to evaluate the effects of shearing at housing, grass silage feed value and extended-grazed herbage allowance on their performance and the performance of their progeny. Swards, which had silage harvested on 6 September, received fertiliser N (34 kg/ha) for extended (deferred) grazing between 19 December and lambing in mid-March. The herbage was allocated at DM allowances of 1.0 or 1.8 kg/ewe daily until 1 February. For the final 6 weeks of pregnancy, daily herbage DM allowances were 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.0 and 2.0 kg for weeks 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2 to parturition, respectively. Two grass silages (low and medi...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12170
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