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Subject = support vector machines;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 29 on page 1 of 2
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A Data-Driven Modelling Approach for Large Scale Demand Profiling of Residential Buildings
(2019)
Tardioli, Giovani; Kerrigan, Ruth; Oates, Mike; O'Donnell, James; Finn, Donal
A Data-Driven Modelling Approach for Large Scale Demand Profiling of Residential Buildings
(2019)
Tardioli, Giovani; Kerrigan, Ruth; Oates, Mike; O'Donnell, James; Finn, Donal
Abstract:
BS 2017: Conference of International Building Performance Simulation Association, San Francisco, USA, 7-9 August 2017
In this paper the traditional use of data-driven models (DDM) as forecasting tools is coupled with parametric simulation to create a building modelling framework for demand profiling of a large number of buildings of the same typology. Most studies to date utilising DDM have been conducted on single buildings, with less evidence of the role that DDM may have as a modelling technique for application at scale. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a simulation-based building energy modelling tool and a parametric simulator to create a large dataset consisting of 4096 different building model scenarios. Three DDM techniques are utilised; Support Vector Machines, Neural Networks and Generalised Linear Models, these are trained and tested using the generated simulation dataset. Results, at an hourly resolution, show that DDM approaches can correctly emulate...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11019
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A machine learning approach for gesture recognition with a lensless smart sensor system
(2018)
Normani, Niccolo; Urru, Andrea; Abraham, Lizy; Walsh, Michael; Tedesco, Salvatore; Cene...
A machine learning approach for gesture recognition with a lensless smart sensor system
(2018)
Normani, Niccolo; Urru, Andrea; Abraham, Lizy; Walsh, Michael; Tedesco, Salvatore; Cenedese, A.; Susto, Gian Antoino; O'Flynn, Brendan
Abstract:
Hand motion tracking traditionally requires highly complex and expensive systems in terms of energy and computational demands. A low-power, low-cost system could lead to a revolution in this field as it would not require complex hardware while representing an infrastructure-less ultra-miniature (~ 100μm - [1]) solution. The present paper exploits the Multiple Point Tracking algorithm developed at the Tyndall National Institute as the basic algorithm to perform a series of gesture recognition tasks. The hardware relies upon the combination of a stereoscopic vision of two novel Lensless Smart Sensors (LSS) combined with IR filters and five hand-held LEDs to track. Tracking common gestures generates a six-gestures dataset, which is then employed to train three Machine Learning models: k-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. An offline analysis highlights how different LEDs' positions on the hand affect the classification accuracy. The comparison shows how th...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/7008
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A Regression Study of Salary Determinants in Indian Job Markets for Entry Level Engineering Graduates
(2016)
Singh, Rajveer
A Regression Study of Salary Determinants in Indian Job Markets for Entry Level Engineering Graduates
(2016)
Singh, Rajveer
Abstract:
The economic liberalisation of Indian markets in early 90s boosted the economic growth of the nation in various sectors over the next two decades. One such sector that has seen a massive growth in this time is Information Technology (IT). The IT industry has played a very crucial role in transforming India from a slow moving economy to one of the largest exporters of IT services. This growth created a huge demand in the labour markets for skilled labour, which in turn made engineering one of the top choices of study after high school over the years. In addition, the earning potential and an opportunity to contribute to technology advancements after engineering, makes it a popular choice of study. These growth dynamics along with the diversified education and labour markets demands gives insight into the factors affecting the employment outcomes of engineering students. This research study focuses on studying the key salary determinants for entry-level engineering graduates in India ...
https://arrow.dit.ie/scschcomdis/90
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A survey of recent trends in one class classification
(2010)
Khan, Shehroz S.; Madden, Michael G.
A survey of recent trends in one class classification
(2010)
Khan, Shehroz S.; Madden, Michael G.
Abstract:
The One Class Classification (OCC) problem is di fferent from the conventional binary/multi-class classi fication problem in the sense that in OCC, the negative class is either not present or not properly sampled. The problem of classifying positive (or target) cases in the absence of appropriately-characterized negative cases (or outliers) has gained increasing attention in recent years. Researchers have addressed the task of OCC by using diff erent methodologies in a variety of application domains. In this paper we formulate a taxonomy with three main categories based on the way OCC has been envisaged, implemented and applied by various researchers in different application domains. We also present a survey of current state-of-the-art OCC algorithms, their importance, applications and limitations.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/1472
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An evolutionary approach to automatic kernel construction
(2009)
Madden, Michael G.; Howley, Tom
An evolutionary approach to automatic kernel construction
(2009)
Madden, Michael G.; Howley, Tom
Abstract:
Abstract. Kernel-based learning presents a unified approach to machine learning problems such as classification and regression. The selection of a kernel and associated parameters is a critical step in the application of any kernel-based method to a problem. This paper presents a data-driven evolutionary approach for constructing kernels, named KTree. An application of KTree to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is described. Experiments on a synthetic dataset are used to determine the best evolutionary strategy, e.g. what fitness function to use for kernel evaluation. The performance of an SVM based on KTree is compared with that of standard kernel SVMs on a synthetic dataset and on a number of real-world datasets. KTree is shown to outperform or match the best performance of all the standard kernels tested.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/190
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Analysis of the Effects of Unexpected Outliers in the Classification of Spectroscopy Data
(2009)
Glavin, Frank G.; Madden, Michael G.
Analysis of the Effects of Unexpected Outliers in the Classification of Spectroscopy Data
(2009)
Glavin, Frank G.; Madden, Michael G.
Abstract:
Multi-class classification algorithms are very widely used, but we argue that they are not always ideal from a theoretical perspective, because they assume all classes are characterised by the data, whereas in many applications, training data for some classes may be entirely absent, rare, or statistically unrepresentative. We evaluate one- sided classifiers as an alternative, since they assume that only one class (the target) is well characterised. We consider a task of identifying whether a substance contains a chlorinated solvent, based on its chemical spectrum. For this application, it is not really feasible to collect a statistically representative set of outliers, since that group may contain anything apart from the target chlorinated solvents. Using a new one-sided classification toolkit, we compare a One-Sided k-NN algorithm with two well- known binary classification algorithms, and conclude that the one-sided classier is more robust to unexpected outliers.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/303
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Benchmarking Classification Models for Emotion Recognition in Natural Speech: a Multi-Corporal Study
(2011)
Tarasov, Alexey; Delany, Sarah Jane
Benchmarking Classification Models for Emotion Recognition in Natural Speech: a Multi-Corporal Study
(2011)
Tarasov, Alexey; Delany, Sarah Jane
Abstract:
A significant amount of the research on automatic emotion recognition from speech focuses on acted speech that is produced by professional actors. This approach often leads to overoptimistic results as the recognition of emotion in real-life conditions is more challenging due the propensity of mixed and less intense emotions in natural speech. The paper presents an empirical study of the most widely used classifiers in the domain of emotion recognition from speech, across multiple non-actedemotional speech corpora. The results indicate that Support Vector Machines have the best performance and that they along with Multi-Layer Perceptron networks and k-nearest neighbour classifiers perform significantly better (using the appropriate statistical tests) than decision trees, Naıve Bayes classifiers and Radial Basis Function networks.
https://arrow.dit.ie/dmccon/65
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Brain haemorrhage detection through SVM classification of electrical impedance tomography measurements
(2019)
McDermott, Barry; Dunne, Eoghan; O’Halloran, Martin; Porter, Emily; Santorelli, Adam
Brain haemorrhage detection through SVM classification of electrical impedance tomography measurements
(2019)
McDermott, Barry; Dunne, Eoghan; O’Halloran, Martin; Porter, Emily; Santorelli, Adam
Abstract:
A brain haemorrhage constitutes a serious medical scenario with a need for rapid, accurate detection to facilitate treatment initiation. Machine learning (ML) techniques applied to such medical diagnostic problems can improve the rate and accuracy of bleed detection leading to improved patient outcomes. In this chapter we examine the potential role of support vector machine (SVM) type classifiers in detecting such haemorrhagic lesions (bleeds) using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measurement frames as the source of training and test data. A two-layer computational model of the head is designed, with EIT frame generation simulated from electrodes placed on the surface of the head model. A wide variety of test scenarios are modelled, including variations in measurement noise, bleed size and location, electrode position, and anatomy. Initial results using a linear SVM classifier applied to test scenarios, with and without pre-processing of the EIT measurement frame, are summaris...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15431
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Classification of a Target Analyte in Solid Mixtures using Principal Component Analysis, Support Vector Machines and Raman Spectroscopy
(2009)
Madden, Michael G.; Leger, Marc N.; Ryder, Alan G.; Howley, Tom; O Connell, Marie-Louise
Classification of a Target Analyte in Solid Mixtures using Principal Component Analysis, Support Vector Machines and Raman Spectroscopy
(2009)
Madden, Michael G.; Leger, Marc N.; Ryder, Alan G.; Howley, Tom; O Connell, Marie-Louise
Abstract:
The quantitative analysis of illicit materials using Raman spectroscopy is of widespread interest for law enforcement and healthcare applications. One of the difficulties faced when analysing illicit mixtures is the fact that the narcotic can be mixed with many different cutting agents. This obviously complicates the development of quantitative analytical methods. In this work we demonstrate some preliminary efforts to try and account for the wide variety of potential cutting agents, by discrimination between the target substance and a wide range of excipients. Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy (785 nm excitation) was employed to analyse 217 samples, a number of them consisting of a target analyte (acetaminophen) mixed with excipients of different concentrations by weight. The excipients used were sugars (maltose, glucose, lactose, sorbitol), inorganic materials (talcum powder, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulphate), and food ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/192
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Competitive Evaluation of Data Mining Algorithms for Use in Cassification of Leukocyte Subtypes with Raman Microspectroscopy
(2014)
Maguire, Adrian; Vega-Carrascal, I.; Bryant, Jane; White, Lisa; Howe, Orla; Lyng, Fiona...
Competitive Evaluation of Data Mining Algorithms for Use in Cassification of Leukocyte Subtypes with Raman Microspectroscopy
(2014)
Maguire, Adrian; Vega-Carrascal, I.; Bryant, Jane; White, Lisa; Howe, Orla; Lyng, Fiona; Meade, Aidan
Abstract:
Raman microspectroscopy has been investigated for some time for use in label-free cell sorting devices. These approaches require coupling of the Raman spectrometer to complex data mining algorithms for identification of cellular subtypes such as the leukocyte subpopulations of lymphocytes and monocytes. In this study, three distinct multivariate classification approaches, (PCA-LDA, SVMs and Random Forests) are developed and tested on their ability to classify the cellular subtype in extracted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (T-cell lymphocytes from myeloid cells), and are evaluated in terms of their respective classification performance. A strategy for optimisation of each of the classification algorithm is presented with emphasis on reduction of model complexity in each of the algorithms. The relative classification performance and performance characteristics are highlighted, overall suggesting the radial basis function SVM as a robust option for classification of leukocytes wit...
https://arrow.dit.ie/radart/43
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Critical Comparison of the Classification Ability of Deep Convolutional Neural Network Frameworks with Support Vector Machine Techniques in the Image Classification Process
(2017)
Kelly, Robert
Critical Comparison of the Classification Ability of Deep Convolutional Neural Network Frameworks with Support Vector Machine Techniques in the Image Classification Process
(2017)
Kelly, Robert
Abstract:
Recently, a number of new image classification models have been developed to diversify the number of options available to prospective machine learning classifiers, such as Deep Learning. This is particularly important in the field of medical image classification as a misdiagnosis could have a severe impact on the patient. However, an assessment on the level to which a deep learning based Convolutional Neural Network can outperform a Support Vector Machine has not been discussed. In this project, the use of CNN and SVM classifiers is used on a dataset of approx. 55,000 images. This dataset was used to assess the classification potential of each methodology, in terms of training, implementation, and the ability to engineer parameters and features for successful classifications on a very large dataset. The use of CNN approaches is further broken down into the use of different frameworks, in this case Theano and Torch implementations. These are then compared to an SVM classifier by conf...
https://arrow.dit.ie/scschcomdis/96
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Detecting freezing of gait with a tri-axial accelerometer in parkinson’s disease patients
(2018)
Ahlrichs, Claas; Samà, Albert; Lawo, Michael; Cabestany, Joan; Rodríguez-Martín, Daniel...
Detecting freezing of gait with a tri-axial accelerometer in parkinson’s disease patients
(2018)
Ahlrichs, Claas; Samà, Albert; Lawo, Michael; Cabestany, Joan; Rodríguez-Martín, Daniel; Pérez-López, Carlos; Sweeney, Dean; Quinlan, Leo R.; Laighin, Gearòid Ò; Counihan, Timothy; Browne, Patrick; Hadas, Lewy; Vainstein, Gabriel; Costa, Alberto; Annicchiarico, Roberta; Alcaine, Sheila; Mestre, Berta; Quispe, Paola; Bayes, Àngels; Rodríguez-Molinero, Alejandro
Abstract:
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), which presents itself as an inability to initiate or continue gait. This paper presents a method to monitor FOG episodes based only on acceleration measurements obtained from a waist-worn device. Three approximations of this method are tested. Initially, FOG is directly detected by a support vector machine (SVM). Then, classifier's outputs are aggregated over time to determine a confidence value, which is used for the final classification of freezing (i.e., second and third approach). All variations are trained with signals of 15 patients and evaluated with signals from another 5 patients. Using a linear SVM kernel, the third approach provides 98.7 % accuracy and a geometric mean of 96.1 %. Moreover, it is investigated whether frequency features are enough to reliably detect FOG. Results show that these features allow the method to detect FOG with accuracies above 90 % and that frequency features...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10167
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Dynamic classifiers for neonatal brain monitoring
(2016)
Ahmed, Rehan
Dynamic classifiers for neonatal brain monitoring
(2016)
Ahmed, Rehan
Abstract:
Brain injury due to lack of oxygen or impaired blood flow around the time of birth, may cause long term neurological dysfunction or death in severe cases. The treatments need to be initiated as soon as possible and tailored according to the nature of the injury to achieve best outcomes. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) currently provides the best insight into neurological activities. However, its interpretation presents formidable challenge for the neurophsiologists. Moreover, such expertise is not widely available particularly around the clock in a typical busy Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Therefore, an automated computerized system for detecting and grading the severity of brain injuries could be of great help for medical staff to diagnose and then initiate on-time treatments. In this study, automated systems for detection of neonatal seizures and grading the severity of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) using EEG and Heart Rate (HR) signals are presented. It is well kno...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3063
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Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Demand Response Potential Forecasting
(2020)
Kapetanakis, Dimitrios-Stavros; Christantoni, Despoina; Mangina, Eleni; Finn, Donal
Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Demand Response Potential Forecasting
(2020)
Kapetanakis, Dimitrios-Stavros; Christantoni, Despoina; Mangina, Eleni; Finn, Donal
Abstract:
The 15th International Building Performance Simulation Association Conference (Building Simulation 2017), San Francisco, United States of America, 7-9 August 2017
This paper focuses on the ability of machine learning algorithms to capture the demand response (DR) potential when forecasting the electrical demand of a commercial building. An actual sports-entertainment centre is utilised as a testbed, simulated with EnergyPlus, and the strategy followed during the DR event is the modification of the chiller water temperature of the cooling system. An artificial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM) predictive model, are utilised to predict the DR potential of the building, due to the significant amount of execution time of the EnergyPlus model. The data-driven models are trained and tested based on synthetic databases. Results demonstrate that both ANN and SVM models can accurately predict the building electrical power demand for the scenarios without or with dai...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11546
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Extended input space support vector machine
(2018)
Santiago-Mozos, Ricardo; Pérez-Cruz, Fernando; Artés-Rodríguez, Antonio
Extended input space support vector machine
(2018)
Santiago-Mozos, Ricardo; Pérez-Cruz, Fernando; Artés-Rodríguez, Antonio
Abstract:
In some applications, the probability of error of a given classifier is too high for its practical application, but we are allowed to gather more independent test samples from the same class to reduce the probability of error of the final decision. From the point of view of hypothesis testing, the solution is given by the Neyman-Pearson lemma. However, there is no equivalent result to the Neyman-Pearson lemma when the likelihoods are unknown, and we are given a training dataset. In this brief, we explore two alternatives. First, we combine the soft (probabilistic) outputs of a given classifier to produce a consensus labeling for K test samples. In the second approach, we build a new classifier that directly computes the label for K test samples. For this second approach, we need to define an extended input space training set and incorporate the known symmetries in the classifier. This latter approach gives more accurate results, as it only requires an accurate classification boundar...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13790
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Fault Detection in Distribution Networks in Presence of Distributed Generations Using a Data Mining Driven Wavelet Transform
(2019)
Mohammadnian, Youness; Amraee, Turaj; Soroudi, Alireza
Fault Detection in Distribution Networks in Presence of Distributed Generations Using a Data Mining Driven Wavelet Transform
(2019)
Mohammadnian, Youness; Amraee, Turaj; Soroudi, Alireza
Abstract:
Here, a data mining–driven scheme based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is proposed for high impedance fault (HIF) detection in active distribution networks. Correlation between the phase current signal and the related details of the current wavelet transform is presented as a new index for HIF detection. The proposed HIF detection method is implemented in two subsequent stages. In the first stage, the most important features for HIF detection are extracted using support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT). The parameters of SVM are optimised using the genetic algorithm (GA) over the input scenarios. In second stage, SVM is utilised to classify the input data. The efficiency of the utilised SVM-based classifier is compared with a probabilistic neural network (PNN). A comprehensive list of scenarios including load switching, inrush current, solid short-circuit faults, HIF faults in the presence of harmonic loads is generated. The performance of the proposed algorithm is i...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9740
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Handling Concept Drift in Text Data Stream Constrained by High Labelling Cost
(2010)
Lindstrom, Patrick; Delany, Sarah Jane; Mac Namee, Brian
Handling Concept Drift in Text Data Stream Constrained by High Labelling Cost
(2010)
Lindstrom, Patrick; Delany, Sarah Jane; Mac Namee, Brian
Abstract:
In many real-world classification problems the concept being modelled is not static but rather changes over time - a situation known as concept drift. Most techniques for handling concept drift rely on the true classifications of test instances being available shortly after classification so that classifiers can be retrained to handle the drift. However, in applications where labelling instances with their true class has a high cost this is not reasonable. In this paper we present an approach for keeping a classifier up-to-date in a concept drift domain which is constrained by a high cost of labelling. We use an active learning type approach to select those examples for labelling that are most useful in handling changes in concept. We show how this approach can adequately handle concept drift in a text filtering scenario requiring just 15% of the documents to be manually categorised and labelled.
https://arrow.dit.ie/scschcomcon/52
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Human activity recognition for emergency first responders via body-worn inertial sensors
(2017)
Scheurer, Sebastian; Tedesco, Salvatore; Brown, Kenneth N.; O'Flynn, Brendan
Human activity recognition for emergency first responders via body-worn inertial sensors
(2017)
Scheurer, Sebastian; Tedesco, Salvatore; Brown, Kenneth N.; O'Flynn, Brendan
Abstract:
Every year over 75 000 firefighters are injured and 159 die in the line of duty. Some of these accidents could be averted if first response team leaders had better information about the situation on the ground. The SAFESENS project is developing a novel monitoring system for first responders designed to provide response team leaders with timely and reliable information about their firefighters' status during operations, based on data from wireless inertial measurement units. In this paper we investigate if Gradient Boosted Trees (GBT) could be used for recognising 17 activities, selected in consultation with first responders, from inertial data. By arranging these into more general groups we generate three additional classification problems which are used for comparing GBT with k-Nearest Neighbours (kNN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). The results show that GBT outperforms both kNN and SVM for three of these four problems with a mean absolute error of less than 7%, which is ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5559
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Non-Linear Approaches for the Classification of Facial Expressions at Varying Degrees of Intensity
(2007)
Reilly, Jane; Ghent, John; McDonald, John
Non-Linear Approaches for the Classification of Facial Expressions at Varying Degrees of Intensity
(2007)
Reilly, Jane; Ghent, John; McDonald, John
Abstract:
The research discussed in this paper documents a comparative analysis of two nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques for the classification of facial expressions at varying degrees of intensity. These nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques are Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and Locally Linear Embedding (LLE). The approaches presented in this paper employ psychological tools, computer vision techniques and machine learning algorithms. In this paper we concentrate on comparing the performance of these two techniques when combined with Support Vector Machines (SVMs) at the task of classifying facial expressions across the full expression intensity range from near-neutral to extreme facial expression. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is employed as a means of comprehensively comparing the results of these techniques.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8345/
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One-class classification: taxonomy of study and review of techniques
(2018)
Khan, Shehroz S.; Madden, Michael G.
One-class classification: taxonomy of study and review of techniques
(2018)
Khan, Shehroz S.; Madden, Michael G.
Abstract:
One-class classification (OCC) algorithms aim to build classification models when the negative class is either absent, poorly sampled or not well defined. This unique situation constrains the learning of efficient classifiers by defining class boundary just with the knowledge of positive class. The OCC problem has been considered and applied under many research themes, such as outlier/novelty detection and concept learning. In this paper, we present a unified view of the general problem of OCC by presenting a taxonomy of study for OCC problems, which is based on the availability of training data, algorithms used and the application domains applied. We further delve into each of the categories of the proposed taxonomy and present a comprehensive literature review of the OCC algorithms, techniques and methodologies with a focus on their significance, limitations and applications. We conclude our paper by discussing some open research problems in the field of OCC and present our vision...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12251
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One-Class Support Vector Machine Calibration Using Particle Swarm Optimisation
(2009)
Liu, Yang; Madden, Michael G.
One-Class Support Vector Machine Calibration Using Particle Swarm Optimisation
(2009)
Liu, Yang; Madden, Michael G.
Abstract:
Abstract. Population-based search methods such as evolutionary algorithms, shuffled complex algorithms, simulated annealing and ant colony search are increasingly used as automatic calibration methods for a wide range of numerical models. This paper proposes the use of particle swarm optimisation to calibrate the parameters a one-class support vector machine. This approach is developed and tested in the calibration of a one-class SVM, applied to several data sets. The results indicate that the proposed method is able to match or surpass the performance of a one-class SVM with parameters optimized using a standard grid search method, with much lower CPU time required.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/204
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Parameter reduction in deep learning and classification
(2020)
Browne, David
Parameter reduction in deep learning and classification
(2020)
Browne, David
Abstract:
The goal of this thesis is to develop methods to reduce model and problem complexity in the area of classification tasks. Whether it is a traditional or a deep learning classification task, decreasing complexity helps to greatly improve efficiency, and also adds regularization to the models. In traditional machine learning, high-dimensionality can cause models to over-fit the training data, and hence not generalize well, while in deep learning, neural networks have shown to achieve state-of-the-art results, especially in the area of image recognition, in their current state cannot be easily deployed on memory restricted Internet-of-Things devices. Although much work has been carried out on dimensionality reduction, the first part of our work focuses on using dominancy between features in the aim to select a relevant subset of informative features. We propose 3 variations, with different benefits, including fast filter features selection and a hybrid filter-wrapper approach. In the s...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10564
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Posture transition identification on pd patients through a svm-based technique and a single waist-worn accelerometer
(2018)
Rodríguez-Martín, Daniel; Samà, Albert; Pérez-López, Carlos; Cabestany, Joan; Català, A...
Posture transition identification on pd patients through a svm-based technique and a single waist-worn accelerometer
(2018)
Rodríguez-Martín, Daniel; Samà, Albert; Pérez-López, Carlos; Cabestany, Joan; Català, Andreu; Rodríguez-Molinero, Alejandro
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13685
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Profiling side-channel attacks on cryptographic algorithms
(2014)
Hanley, Neil John
Profiling side-channel attacks on cryptographic algorithms
(2014)
Hanley, Neil John
Abstract:
Traditionally, attacks on cryptographic algorithms looked for mathematical weaknesses in the underlying structure of a cipher. Side-channel attacks, however, look to extract secret key information based on the leakage from the device on which the cipher is implemented, be it smart-card, microprocessor, dedicated hardware or personal computer. Attacks based on the power consumption, electromagnetic emanations and execution time have all been practically demonstrated on a range of devices to reveal partial secret-key information from which the full key can be reconstructed. The focus of this thesis is power analysis, more specifically a class of attacks known as profiling attacks. These attacks assume a potential attacker has access to, or can control, an identical device to that which is under attack, which allows him to profile the power consumption of operations or data flow during encryption. This assumes a stronger adversary than traditional non-profiling attacks such as differen...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1921
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Statistical methods for polyhedral shape classification with incomplete data - application to cryo-electron tomographic images
(2015)
Bag, Sukantadev
Statistical methods for polyhedral shape classification with incomplete data - application to cryo-electron tomographic images
(2015)
Bag, Sukantadev
Abstract:
A certain type of bacterial inclusion, known as a bacterial microcompartment, was recently identified and imaged through cryo-electron tomography. A reconstructed 3D object from single-axis limited angle tilt-series cryo-electron tomography contains missing regions and this problem is known as the missing wedge problem. Due to missing regions on the reconstructed images, analyzing their 3D structures is a challenging problem. The existing methods overcome this problem by aligning and averaging several similar shaped objects. These schemes work well if the objects are symmetric and several objects with almost similar shapes and sizes are available. Since the bacterial inclusions studied here are not symmetric, are deformed, and show a wide range of shapes and sizes, the existing approaches are not appropriate. This research develops new statistical methods for analyzing geometric properties, such as volume, symmetry, aspect ratio, polyhedral structures etc., of these bacterial inclus...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2854
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