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Subject = tension;
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Displaying Results 1 - 15 of 15 on page 1 of 1
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A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces
(2016)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Cassidy, Mary; Curtis, Michael; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Micha...
A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces
(2016)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Cassidy, Mary; Curtis, Michael; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Abstract:
The magnitude of force used in a stabbing incident can be difficult to quantify, although the estimate given by forensic pathologists is often seen as 'critical' evidence in medico-legal situations. The main objective of this study is to develop a quantitative measure of the force associated with a knife stabbing biological tissue, using a combined experimental and numerical technique. A series of stab-penetration tests were performed to quantify the force required for a blade to penetrate skin at various speeds and using different 'sharp' instruments. A computational model of blade penetration was developed using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT, a non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) commercial package. This model, which incorporated element deletion along with a suitable failure criterion, is capable of systematically quantifying the effect of the many variables affecting a stab event. This quantitative data could, in time, lead to the development of a predictive model tha...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5594
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A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces
(2018)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Cassidy, Marie; Curtis, Michael; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Mich...
A combined experimental and numerical study of stab-penetration forces
(2018)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Cassidy, Marie; Curtis, Michael; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10256
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A probabilistic approach to the simulation of non-linear stress-strain relationships for oriented strandboard subject to in-plane tension
(2018)
McTigue, Antony T.; Harte, Annette M.
A probabilistic approach to the simulation of non-linear stress-strain relationships for oriented strandboard subject to in-plane tension
(2018)
McTigue, Antony T.; Harte, Annette M.
Abstract:
This paper presents the results from an experimental test program conducted on commercially available oriented strandboard (OSB) panels and statistical analyses of the results. Standardised testing was used to determine the short-term behaviour of OSB/3 panels subjected to tension loading. A variety of thicknesses sourced from three different producers were used. Analysis of the results indicate that a quadratic expression in the form of sigma = a epsilon(2) + b epsilon provides the best description of the relationship between stress (sigma) and strain (epsilon) up to the point of failure. It has also been shown that the coefficients a and b of the quadratic regression equations are negatively correlated to each other. Anderson-Darling goodness-of-fit tests were conducted on the results for tension strength and modulus of elasticity (MOE). The results indicate that the tension strength and MOE come from populations that follow either normal or lognormal probability distributions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12847
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Characterization of the anisotropic mechanical properties of excised human skin
(2018)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Bruyère, Karine; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.; Otténio,...
Characterization of the anisotropic mechanical properties of excised human skin
(2018)
Ní Annaidh, Aisling; Bruyère, Karine; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.; Otténio, Mélanie
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10255
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Exploring racial politics, personal history and critical reception: Clarence Brown's Intruder in the Dust (1949)
(2013)
Young, Gwenda
Exploring racial politics, personal history and critical reception: Clarence Brown's Intruder in the Dust (1949)
(2013)
Young, Gwenda
Abstract:
Using archival sources from the Clarence Brown Archive at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, newspaper clippings from a wide range of national and regional press, and unpublished interviews, this article explores how the complexities and contradictions that are central to Clarence Brown’s film version of Intruder in the Dust (1949)—complexities that, arguably, make this film the most ambiguous of all the “race issue” films released in 1949—are mirrored in the director’s own deeply divided attitude to race and to the South. These tensions also surface in the critical reception of the film in the white press, and perhaps more tellingly, in the black press of 1949. The notion that this was a film generally acclaimed in the black press can be challenged, or at the very least nuanced, through a closer examination of newspaper archives, which, in turn, reveals some of the divisions within black intellectual circles of the late 1940s.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5802
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Hyperelastic and viscoelastic properties of brain tissue in tension
(2014)
Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Hyperelastic and viscoelastic properties of brain tissue in tension
(2014)
Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Abstract:
Conference paper
Mechanical characterization of brain tissue at high loading velocities is particularly important for modelling Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). During severe impact conditions, brain tissue experiences a mixture of compression, tension and shear. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) occurs in animals and humans when the strains and strain rates exceed 10% and 10/s, respectively. Knowing the mechanical properties of brain tissue at these strains and strain rates is thus of particular importance, as they can be used in finite element simulations to predict the occurrence of brain injuries under different impact conditions. In this research, uniaxial tensile tests at strain rates of 30, 60 and 90/s up to 30% strain and stress relaxation tests in tension at various strain magnitudes (10% - 60%) with an average rise time of 24 ms were performed. The brain tissue showed a stiffer response with increasing strain rates, showing that hyperelastic models are not adequate and that vi...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/4737
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In vivo imaging of flavoprotein fluorescence during hypoxia reveals the importance of direct arterial oxygen supply to cerebral cortex tissue
(2016)
Chisholm, K. I.; Ida, K. K.; Davies, A. L.; Papkovsky, Dmitri B.; Singer, M.; Dyson, A....
In vivo imaging of flavoprotein fluorescence during hypoxia reveals the importance of direct arterial oxygen supply to cerebral cortex tissue
(2016)
Chisholm, K. I.; Ida, K. K.; Davies, A. L.; Papkovsky, Dmitri B.; Singer, M.; Dyson, A.; Tachtsidis, I.; Duchen, M. R.; Smith, K. J.
Abstract:
Live imaging of mitochondrial function is crucial to understand the important role played by these organelles in a wide range of diseases. The mitochondrial redox potential is a particularly informative measure of mitochondrial function, and can be monitored using the endogenous green fluorescence of oxidized mitochondrial flavoproteins. Here, we have observed flavoprotein fluorescence in the exposed murine cerebral cortex in vivo using confocal imaging; the mitochondrial origin of the signal was confirmed using agents known to manipulate mitochondrial redox potential. The effects of cerebral oxygenation on flavoprotein fluorescence were determined by manipulating the inspired oxygen concentration. We report that flavoprotein fluorescence is sensitive to reductions in cortical oxygenation, such that reductions in inspired oxygen resulted in loss of flavoprotein fluorescence with the exception of a preserved ‘halo’ of signal in periarterial regions. The findings are consistent with r...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/8857
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Influence of preservation temperature on the measured mechanical properties of brain tissue
(2016)
Rashid, Badar; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Influence of preservation temperature on the measured mechanical properties of brain tissue
(2016)
Rashid, Badar; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Abstract:
The large variability in experimentally measured mechanical properties of brain tissue is due to many factors including heterogeneity, anisotropy, age dependence and post-mortem time. Moreover, differences in test protocols also influence these measured properties. This paper shows that the temperature at which porcine brain tissue is stored or preserved prior to testing has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of brain tissue, even when tests are conducted at the same temperatures. Three groups of brain tissue were stored separately for at least 1 h at three different preservation temperatures, i.e., ice cold, room temperature (22 degrees C) and body temperature (37 degrees C), prior to them all being tested at room temperature (similar to 22 degrees C). Significant differences in the corresponding initial elastic shear modulus mu (Pa) (at various amounts of shear, 0
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5589
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Influence of preservation temperature on the measured mechanical properties of brain tissue
(2018)
Rashid, Badar; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
Influence of preservation temperature on the measured mechanical properties of brain tissue
(2018)
Rashid, Badar; Destrade, Michel; Gilchrist, Michael D.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13596
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Older adults, falls and technologies for independent living: a life space approach
(2018)
BAILEY, CATHY; FORAN, TIMOTHY G.; NI SCANAILL, CLIODHNA; DROMEY, BEN
Older adults, falls and technologies for independent living: a life space approach
(2018)
BAILEY, CATHY; FORAN, TIMOTHY G.; NI SCANAILL, CLIODHNA; DROMEY, BEN
Abstract:
This paper draws attention to the need for further understanding of the fine details of routine and taken-for-granted daily activities and mobility. It argues that such understanding is critical if technologies designed to mitigate the negative impacts of falls and fear-of-falling are to provide unobtrusive support for independent living. The reported research was part of a large, multidisciplinary, multi-site research programme into responses to population ageing in Ireland, Technologies for Independent Living (TRIL). A small, exploratory, qualitative life-space diary study was conducted. Working with eight community-dwelling older adults with different experiences of falls or of fear-of-falls, data were collected through weekly life-space diaries, daily-activity logs, two-dimensional house plans and a pedometer. For some participants, self-recording of their daily activities and movements revealed routine, potentially risky behaviour about which they had been unaware, which may ha...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/10322
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Performing history/ies with obsolete media: the example of a South African photo-film
(2016)
Kesting, Marietta
Performing history/ies with obsolete media: the example of a South African photo-film
(2016)
Kesting, Marietta
Abstract:
The article addresses the tension between old (analogue) media and new (digital) media usage and their specific materialities by discussing the question of the preserving and re-telling of (subjective and national) history and histories. It analyses Pied Piper’s Voyage (2014), a photo-film of emerging South African artist Lebohang Kganye in the context of the South African photographic and filmic archive. In order to address the question of agentiality and transmission of memory through media this article interrogates the strategies of this piece, using a “hand-made” or analogue aesthetic in a high-definition video, and focuses on how the usage of obsolete media formats resonates both with the artists’ own subjective history and with the (chrono-)politics of representation and in/visibility in South Africa’s transnational history—including the often absent photo and film archive of black South Africans’ lives under apartheid and thus the negotiation of cultural memory in the present...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6012
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Sample preparation and testing methods for the evaluation of microcrystalline waxes for the seismic protection of art objects
(2010)
Crowley, Anne; Laefer, Debra F.; Fanning, Mairead
Sample preparation and testing methods for the evaluation of microcrystalline waxes for the seismic protection of art objects
(2010)
Crowley, Anne; Laefer, Debra F.; Fanning, Mairead
Abstract:
Use of microcrystalline waxes for the protection of ceramic art objects from seismic events is an inexpensive and relatively popular technique. Unfortunately, because of the high porosity of some ceramics and the fragility of their glazes and paints, the surface of many art objects may be vulnerable to damage from the microcrystalline wax. Thus, a conservative application approach is needed – applying only as much as is actually required for predicted levels of ground movement. Determining this quantity and verifying the best application technique (e.g. hot versus cold) has yet to be established. This paper presents the development of testing techniques to optimize the application of microcrystalline waxes, specifically, the pioneering of tensile and shear sample preparation. These procedures were applied to 70 tensile and 175 shear tests on paraffin wax, beeswax, and 4 microcrystalline waxes. Static testing methods demonstrated the clear superiority of certain products and averag...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2167
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State-of-the-art and future directions for HRM from a paradox perspective
(2018)
Aust, Ina; Brandl, Julia; Keegan, Anne E.
State-of-the-art and future directions for HRM from a paradox perspective
(2018)
Aust, Ina; Brandl, Julia; Keegan, Anne E.
Abstract:
Managing HRM related tensions is a matter of practical and theoretical significance. Despite increasing interest among HRM scholars in understanding the nature of tensions in managing the employment relationship, attempts to explore these tensions that go beyond the mapping of dualities or naming of the negative aspects of tensions are somewhat rare. Furthermore, discussions on managing HRM tensions tend to be of limited value for practitioners due to their overly abstract nature contributing to what several commentators lament is a growing theory-practice gap in HRM research. This Special Issue aims to advance the discussion on tensions in HRM by drawing on a recent paradox perspective from organization theory. Along with the contributors to the Special Issue, we explore how a paradox perspective can support HRM researchers in a more systematic analysis of types of HRM paradoxes and tensions and in deepening awareness of practical strategies for coping actively and constructively w...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9351
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The tensile ductility of cellular solids: the role of imperfections
(2016)
Ronan, William; Deshpande, Vikram S.; Fleck, Norman A.
The tensile ductility of cellular solids: the role of imperfections
(2016)
Ronan, William; Deshpande, Vikram S.; Fleck, Norman A.
Abstract:
Metallic and polymeric foams typically possess a low tensile failure strain of a few percent despite the fact that the parent solid can have high ductility (10% or more). This is remarkable as foams are bending-dominated in their structural response, and it is widely accepted that beams have a high ductility in bending compared to a bar in uniaxial tension. Possible reasons for this paradox are explored for a 2D hexagonal honeycomb, and for a so-called ‘lotus cellular material’, made from an elastic-plastic parent solid. Finite element simulations reveal that there is only a small drop in tensile ductility due to the presence of Plateau borders or due to the random misalignment of nodes; a much greater drop in ductility results from missing cell walls (equivalent to misshapen cells) or to the presence of stiff inclusions. The drop in ductility due to inclusions is associated with the multi-axial stress state that exists in their vicinity. This study emphasises the need for a uniform...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/6126
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Use of nondestructive techniques for determination of tension parallel-to-grain properties of spruce
(2019)
Gil-Moreno, David; O'Ceallaigh, Conan; Ridley-Ellis, Dan; Harte, Annette M.
Use of nondestructive techniques for determination of tension parallel-to-grain properties of spruce
(2019)
Gil-Moreno, David; O'Ceallaigh, Conan; Ridley-Ellis, Dan; Harte, Annette M.
Abstract:
The paper presents a study of the tension properties of Irish-grown Sitka spruce. Fifty timber pieces were destructively tested having resonant frequency and knots measured. The aim was to improve knowledge of the performance of spruce in tension and to check the suitability of the equations given in the European standards to calculate secondary properties from grade determining properties. Static stiffness, whichlimited the grading of the dataset, was largely predicted using dynamic modulus of elasticity (MoEdyn). Tension strength was modelled using density and tKAR index. It was found also that adding MoEdyn in a linear regression was not useful. The research reveals that the equation given in EN384:2018 for tension strength, based on populations of higher stiffness than Irish spruce, results in values that may not be appropriate for Irish-grown spruce timber.
ECC Timber Products for the donation of material used in this study, and Luka Krajnc for the use of material from his ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15527
Displaying Results 1 - 15 of 15 on page 1 of 1
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Institution
NUI Galway (10)
University College Cork (3)
University College Dublin (2)
Item Type
Conference item (3)
Journal article (12)
Peer Review Status
Peer-reviewed (7)
Non-peer-reviewed (1)
Unknown (7)
Year
2019 (1)
2018 (6)
2016 (5)
2014 (1)
2013 (1)
2010 (1)
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