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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 70 on page 1 of 3
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A Census Atlas of Irish Agriculture
(2017)
Commins, Patrick; Lafferty, F.; Walsh, Jim A.
A Census Atlas of Irish Agriculture
(2017)
Commins, Patrick; Lafferty, F.; Walsh, Jim A.
Abstract:
End of Project Report
Computerised mapping systems were developed to analyse agricultural census statistics and data from agricultural policy administration sources. The objective was to identify local geographical variations in the structure and trends in the agricultural economy by mapping the available information, principally at the level of the District Electoral Division (DED) and the Rural District (RD). There were 3,113 DEDs and 156 RDs in the analysis. The main database was the 1991 Census of Agriculture, the latest available. Some statistics are updated annually and where possible these were used in tabular form to trace the 1991- 1997 trends for Regional Authority areas. Conclusions: There are distinctive farming regions in the country whose boundaries span unevenly across county limits. These are undergoing different processes of change depending on their resource base, their responses to economic imperatives, and the policy environment. • Commercial farming has beco...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1322
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Adverse events in healthcare: learning from mistakes
(2018)
Rafter, N.; Hickey, A.; Condell, S.; Conroy, R.; O'Connor, P.; Vaughan, D.; Willia...
Adverse events in healthcare: learning from mistakes
(2018)
Rafter, N.; Hickey, A.; Condell, S.; Conroy, R.; O'Connor, P.; Vaughan, D.; Williams, D.
Abstract:
Large national reviews of patient charts estimate that approximately 10% of hospital admissions are associated with an adverse event (defined as an injury resulting in prolonged hospitalization, disability or death, caused by healthcare management). Apart from having a significant impact on patient morbidity and mortality, adverse events also result in increased healthcare costs due to longer hospital stays. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of adverse events are preventable. Through identifying the nature and rate of adverse events, initiatives to improve care can be developed. A variety of methods exist to gather adverse event data both retrospectively and prospectively but these do not necessarily capture the same events and there is variability in the definition of an adverse event. For example, hospital incident reporting collects only a very small fraction of the adverse events found in retrospective chart reviews. Until there are systematic methods to identify adverse eve...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13559
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An Exploration of the Effects on Programme Design and development Effected by Educational Leadership in Reaction to Societal and Economic Factors in Ireland
(2015)
Donnelly, Roisin; Harding, Nuala
An Exploration of the Effects on Programme Design and development Effected by Educational Leadership in Reaction to Societal and Economic Factors in Ireland
(2015)
Donnelly, Roisin; Harding, Nuala
Abstract:
It has affected many countries around the world, and Irish higher education has not found itself immune from undergoing a period of significant change, powered by a number of factors: economic, political, and technological. While these trends are global in their scope, and profound in their impact, the pace of change in the Irish economy since 2007-08 in particular has required institutions and their educational leaders to encourage the emergence of programmes which can respond to the current national needs. In periods of rapid change such as this, educational leaders by necessity tend to focus on short-term strategy and transition planning, adapted to their institutional contexts. However, there are critical leadership issues related to curriculum policy and classroom practice which extend into the long-term. Students on these emergent programmes need to be able to respond effectively in turbulent societal circumstances. This paper reflects on the role of educational leaders in cre...
https://arrow.dit.ie/ltcart/38
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Antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from broiler chickens isolated at an irish poultry processing plant
(2018)
Fallon, R.; O'Sullivan, N.; Maher, M.; Carroll, C.
Antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from broiler chickens isolated at an irish poultry processing plant
(2018)
Fallon, R.; O'Sullivan, N.; Maher, M.; Carroll, C.
Abstract:
Aims: The antibiotic susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from broiler chickens were determined in order to evaluate the level of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter species in the Irish poultry industry. Methods and Results: Seventy-eight Camp. jejuni and 22 Camp. coli strains were examined for susceptibility to eight antibiotics using the disc diffusion assay. The highest level of resistance of the Camp. jejuni isolates was recorded to ampicillin (35.9%), followed by 20.5% to tetracycline, 20.5% to naladixic acid, 17.9% to ciprofloxacin, 10.2% to erythromycin, 2.5% to streptomycin and 1.2% to kanamycin. Multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics was seen for 30.7% of Camp. jejuni strains. Resistance of the Camp. coli isolates was shown to ampicillin (9%) and tetracycline (18.2%). Conclusions: The majority of Camp. jejuni strains were susceptible to antibiotics commonly used for human therapy. Camp. coli strains showed very low resistance l...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9138
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Body mass index and health service utilisation in the older population: results from the irish longitudinal study on ageing
(2018)
Mc Hugh, Sheena; O'Neill, Ciaran; Browne, John; Kearney, Patricia M.
Body mass index and health service utilisation in the older population: results from the irish longitudinal study on ageing
(2018)
Mc Hugh, Sheena; O'Neill, Ciaran; Browne, John; Kearney, Patricia M.
Abstract:
Background: obesity is associated with higher healthcare costs in older people; however, estimates are predominantly based on the use of primary and secondary services. Our objective was to estimate the effect of overweight and obesity on the use and cost of allied health services among middle-aged and older people. Methods: the study used data from The Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TILDA), a nationally representative study of adults aged >= 50 sampled using multistage stratified clustered sampling, which included objective measures of height and weight. Body mass index was categorised as normal (18.5-24.99 kg/m(2)), overweight (25.00-29.99 kg/m(2)), moderate obesity (30.00-34.99 kg/m(2)), severe obesity (35.00-39.99 kg/m(2)) or morbid obesity (>= 40 kg/m(2)). Participants were asked about a range of allied health services including dietetic services, public health nurse visits, chiropody and home help. Adjusted seemingly unrelated biprobit models were us...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12812
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Breakfast consumption and its socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates in schoolchildren in 41 countries participating in the hbsc study
(2018)
Vereecken, Carine; ,; Dupuy, Marie; Rasmussen, Mette; Kelly, Colette; Nansel, Tonja R.;...
Breakfast consumption and its socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates in schoolchildren in 41 countries participating in the hbsc study
(2018)
Vereecken, Carine; ,; Dupuy, Marie; Rasmussen, Mette; Kelly, Colette; Nansel, Tonja R.; Al Sabbah, Haleama; Baldassari, Daniela; Jordan, Marina Delgrande; Maes, Lea; Niclasen, Birgit V.-L.; Ahluwalia, Namanjeet
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate associations of daily breakfast consumption (DBC) with demographic and lifestyle factors in 41 countries. Methods: Design: Survey including nationally representative samples of 11-15 year olds (n = 204,534) (HBSC 2005-2006). Statistics: Multilevel logistic regression analyses Results: DBC varied from 33% (Greek girls) to 75% (Portuguese boys). In most countries, lower DBC was noticed in girls, older adolescents, those with lower family affluence and those living in single-parent families. DBC was positively associated with healthy lifestyle behaviours; and negatively with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Conclusion: Breakfast skipping deserves attention in preventive programs. It is common among adolescents, especially girls, older adolescents and those from disadvantaged families. The results indicate that DBC can serve as an indicator to identify children at risk for unhealthy lifestyle behaviours.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14304
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Changing climate shifts timing of European floods
(2017)
Blöschl, Günter; Hall, Julia; Parajka, Juraj; Perdigão, Rui A. P.; Merz, Bruno; Arheime...
Changing climate shifts timing of European floods
(2017)
Blöschl, Günter; Hall, Julia; Parajka, Juraj; Perdigão, Rui A. P.; Merz, Bruno; Arheimer, Berit; Aronica, Giuseppe T.; Bilibashi, Ardian; Bonacci, Ognjen; Borga, Marco; Čanjevac, Ivan; Castellarin, Attilio; Chirico, Giovanni B.; Claps, Pierluigi; Fiala, Károly; Frolova, Natalia; Gorbachova, Liudmyla; Gül, Ali; Hannaford, Jamie; Harrigan, Shaun
Abstract:
A warming climate is expected to have an impact on the magnitude and timing of river floods; however, no consistent large-scale climate change signal in observed flood magnitudes has been identified so far. We analyzed the timing of river floods in Europe over the past five decades, using a pan-European database from 4262 observational hydrometric stations, and found clear patterns of change in flood timing. Warmer temperatures have led to earlier spring snowmelt floods throughout northeastern Europe; delayed winter storms associated with polar warming have led to later winter floods around the North Sea and some sectors of the Mediterranean coast; and earlier soil moisture maxima have led to earlier winter floods in western Europe. Our results highlight the existence of a clear climate signal in flood observations at the continental scale.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/11683/
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Characteristics of black carbon aerosol during the chinese lunar year and weekdays in xi’an, china
(2018)
Wang, Qiyuan; Liu, Suixin; Zhou, Yaqing; Cao, Junji; Han, Yongming; Ni, Haiyan; Zhang, ...
Characteristics of black carbon aerosol during the chinese lunar year and weekdays in xi’an, china
(2018)
Wang, Qiyuan; Liu, Suixin; Zhou, Yaqing; Cao, Junji; Han, Yongming; Ni, Haiyan; Zhang, Ningning; Huang, Rujin
Abstract:
Black carbon (BC) aerosol plays an important role in climate forcing. The net radiative effect is strongly dependent on the physical properties of BC particles. A single particle soot photometer and a carbon monoxide analyser were deployed during the Chinese Lunar Year (CLY) and on weekdays at Xi'an, China, to investigate the characteristics of refractory black carbon aerosol (rBC). The rBC mass on weekdays (8.4 mu g center dot m(-3)) exceeds that during the CLY (1.9 mu g center dot m(-3)), presumably due to the lower anthropogenic emissions during the latter. The mass size distribution of rBC shows a primary mode peak at ~205 nm and a small secondary mode peak at ~102-nm volume-equivalent diameter assuming 2 g center dot cm(-3) in void-free density in both sets of samples. More than half of the rBC cores are thickly coated during the CLY (f(BC) = 57.5%); the percentage is slightly lower (f(BC) = 48.3%) on weekdays. Diurnal patterns in rBC mass and mixing state differ for the t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/14375
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Conscientious workmen or booksellers’ hacks? the professional identities of science writers in the mid‐nineteenth century
(2018)
Fyfe, Aileen
Conscientious workmen or booksellers’ hacks? the professional identities of science writers in the mid‐nineteenth century
(2018)
Fyfe, Aileen
Abstract:
Existing scholarship on the debates over expertise in mid-nineteenth-century Britain has demonstrated the importance of popular writings on the sciences to definitions of scientific authority. Yet while men of science might position themselves in opposition to the stereotype of the merely popular writer, the self-identity of the popular writer remained ambiguous. This essay examines the careers of William Charles Linnaeus Martin (1798-1864) and Thomas Milner (1808-ca. 1883) and places them in the context of others who made their living by writing works on the sciences for the general reader. Martin wrote on zoology and Milner moved between astronomy, geology, and geography. The essay unravels the close but ambivalent relationship between the professions of authorship and of science and highlights writing as another aspect of scientific practice. Both writers were moderately financially successful, but Martin's sense of failure and Milner's satisfaction reflect their contra...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/9193
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Critically Reassessing Tropospheric Temperature Trends from Radiosondes Using Realistic Validation Experiments
(2009)
Titchner, Holly A.; Thorne, Peter; McCarthy, Mark P.; Tett, Simon F.B.; Haimberger, L.;...
Critically Reassessing Tropospheric Temperature Trends from Radiosondes Using Realistic Validation Experiments
(2009)
Titchner, Holly A.; Thorne, Peter; McCarthy, Mark P.; Tett, Simon F.B.; Haimberger, L.; Parker, D.E.
Abstract:
Biases and uncertainties in large-scale radiosonde temperature trends in the troposphere are critically reassessed. Realistic validation experiments are performed on an automatic radiosonde homogenization system by applying it to climate model data with four distinct sets of simulated breakpoint profiles. Knowledge of the “truth” permits a critical assessment of the ability of the system to recover the large-scale trends and a reinterpretation of the results when applied to the real observations. The homogenization system consistently reduces the bias in the daytime tropical, global, and Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropical trends but underestimates the full magnitude of the bias. Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropical and all nighttime trends were less well adjusted owing to the sparsity of stations. The ability to recover the trends is dependent on the underlying error structure, and the true trend does not necessarily lie within the range of estimates. The implications are tha...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/6543/
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Cross-national time trends in bullying behaviour 1994–2006: findings from Europe and North America
(2009)
Molcho, Michal; Craig, Wendy; Due, Pernille; Pickett, William; Harel-Fisch, Yossi; Over...
Cross-national time trends in bullying behaviour 1994–2006: findings from Europe and North America
(2009)
Molcho, Michal; Craig, Wendy; Due, Pernille; Pickett, William; Harel-Fisch, Yossi; Overpeck, Mary; HBSC Bullying Writing Group
Abstract:
Objectives: To identify trends over 12 years in the prevalence of bullying and associated victimization among adolescents in North American and European countries. Methods: Cross-sectional self-report surveys were obtained from nationally representative samples of 11–15 year old school children in 21 countries in 1993/94 and in 27 countries in each of 1997/98, 2001/02 and 2005/06. Measures included involvement in bullying as either a perpetrator and/or victim. Results: Consistent decreases in the prevalence of bullying were reported between 1993/94 to 2005/06 in most countries. Geographic patterns show consistent decreases in bullying in Western European countries and in most Eastern European countries. An increase or no change in prevalence was evident in almost all English speaking countries participating in the study (England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland and Canada, but not in the USA). Conclusion: Study findings demonstrated a significant decrease in involvement in bullying behavio...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/79353
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Decreases in adolescent weekly alcohol use in europe and north america: evidence from 28 countries from 2002 to 2010
(2018)
Looze, M. d.; Raaijmakers, Q.; Bogt, T. t.; Bendtsen, P.; Farhat, T.; Ferreira, M.; God...
Decreases in adolescent weekly alcohol use in europe and north america: evidence from 28 countries from 2002 to 2010
(2018)
Looze, M. d.; Raaijmakers, Q.; Bogt, T. t.; Bendtsen, P.; Farhat, T.; Ferreira, M.; Godeau, E.; Kuntsche, E.; Molcho, M.; Pfortner, T.-K.; Simons-Morton, B.; Vieno, A.; Vollebergh, W.; Pickett, W.
Abstract:
Background: This study examined trends in adolescent weekly alcohol use between 2002 and 2010 in 28 European and North American countries. Methods: Analyses were based on data from 11-, 13- and 15-year-old adolescents who participated in the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study in 2002, 2006 and 2010. Results: Weekly alcohol use declined in 20 of 28 countries and in all geographic regions, from 12.1 to 6.1% in Anglo-Saxon countries, 11.4 to 7.8% in Western Europe, 9.3 to 4.1% in Northern Europe and 16.3 to 9.9% in Southern Europe. Even in Eastern Europe, where a stable trend was observed between 2002 and 2006, weekly alcohol use declined between 2006 and 2010 from 12.3 to 10.1%. The decline was evident in all gender and age subgroups. Conclusions: These consistent trends may be attributable to increased awareness of the harmful effects of alcohol for adolescent development and the implementation of associated prevention efforts, or changes in social norms and condit...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11102
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Designing Dining
(2006)
Mac Con Iomaire, Máirtín
Designing Dining
(2006)
Mac Con Iomaire, Máirtín
Abstract:
Just like its clothing cousin 'haute couture', the culinary world of 'haute cuisne' is influence heavily by changing fashions. This article outlines the trends for dining in 2006.
https://arrow.dit.ie/tfschafart/10
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Dietary energy density: estimates, trends and dietary determinants for a nationally representative sample of the Irish population (aged 5-90 years)
(2014)
O'Connor, Laura; Walton, Janette; Flynn, Albert
Dietary energy density: estimates, trends and dietary determinants for a nationally representative sample of the Irish population (aged 5-90 years)
(2014)
O'Connor, Laura; Walton, Janette; Flynn, Albert
Abstract:
Higher dietary energy density (DED) has been reported to be associated with weight gain, obesity and poorer dietary quality, yet nationally representative estimates that would allow tracking of secular trends and inter-country comparisons are limited. The aims of the present study were to calculate DED estimates for the Irish population and to identify dietary determinants of DED. Weighed/semi-weighed food records from three cross-sectional surveys (the National Children's Food Survey, the National Teens’ Food Survey and the National Adult Nutrition Survey) were collated to estimate habitual dietary intakes for a nationally representative sample of the Irish population, aged 5–90 years (n 2535). DED estimates, calculated using the total diet method, the food only method and a novel method, including foods and solids in beverages, were 3·70 (sd 1·09), 7·58 (sd 1·72) and 8·40 (sd 1·88) kJ/g, respectively. Determinants of DED did not vary by the calculation method used. Variation ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3719
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Epidemiology of diabetes and complications among adults in the Republic of Ireland 1998-2015: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(2016)
Tracey, Marsha L.; Gilmartin, Michael; O'Neill, Kate N.; Fitzgerald, Anthony P.; M...
Epidemiology of diabetes and complications among adults in the Republic of Ireland 1998-2015: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(2016)
Tracey, Marsha L.; Gilmartin, Michael; O'Neill, Kate N.; Fitzgerald, Anthony P.; McHugh, Sheena M.; Buckley, Claire M.; Canavan, Ronan J.; Kearney, Patricia M.
Abstract:
Background: Accurate estimates of the burden of diabetes are essential for future planning and evaluation of services. In Ireland, there is no diabetes register and prevalence estimates vary. The aim of this review was to systematically identify and review studies reporting the prevalence of diabetes and complications among adults in Ireland between 1998 and 2015 and to examine trends in prevalence over time. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out using PubMed and Embase. Diabetes prevalence estimates were pooled by random-effects meta-analysis. Poisson regression was carried out using data from four nationally representative studies to calculate prevalence rates of doctor diagnosed diabetes between 1998 and 2015 and was also used to assess whether the rate of doctor diagnosed diabetes changed over time. Results: Fifteen studies (eight diabetes prevalence and seven complication prevalence) were eligible for inclusion. In adults aged 18 years and over, the national p...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3145
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Epidemiology of diabetes and complications among adults in the Republic of Ireland 1998-2015: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2016)
Tracey, Marsha L; Gilmartin, Michael; O'Neill, Kate; Fitzgerald, Anthony P; McHugh...
Epidemiology of diabetes and complications among adults in the Republic of Ireland 1998-2015: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2016)
Tracey, Marsha L; Gilmartin, Michael; O'Neill, Kate; Fitzgerald, Anthony P; McHugh, Sheena M; Buckley, Claire M; Canavan, Ronan J; Kearney, Patricia M
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.biomedcentral.com</p>
<p>BACKGROUND: Accurate estimates of the burden of diabetes are essential for future planning and evaluation of services. In Ireland, there is no diabetes register and prevalence estimates vary. The aim of this review was to systematically identify and review studies reporting the prevalence of diabetes and complications among adults in Ireland between 1998 and 2015 and to examine trends in prevalence over time.</p> <p>METHODS: A systematic literature search was carried out using PubMed and Embase. Diabetes prevalence estimates were pooled by random-effects meta-analysis. Poisson regression was carried out using data from four nationally representative studies to calculate prevalence rates of doctor diagnosed diabetes between 1998 and 2015 and was also used to assess whether the rate of doctor diagnosed diabetes changed over time.</p> <p>RESULTS: Fifteen studies (eight dia...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/52
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Establishing a population-based patient-reported outcomes study (proms) using national cancer registries across two jurisdictions: the prostate cancer treatment, your experience (picture) study
(2018)
Drummond, F. J.; Kinnear, H.; Donnelly, C.; O'Leary, E.; O'Brien, K.; Burns, ...
Establishing a population-based patient-reported outcomes study (proms) using national cancer registries across two jurisdictions: the prostate cancer treatment, your experience (picture) study
(2018)
Drummond, F. J.; Kinnear, H.; Donnelly, C.; O'Leary, E.; O'Brien, K.; Burns, R. M.; Gavin, A.; Sharp, L.
Abstract:
Objective: To establish an international patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) study among prostate cancer survivors, up to 18 years postdiagnosis, in two countries with different healthcare systems and ethical frameworks. Design: A cross-sectional, postal survey of prostate cancer survivors sampled and recruited via two population-based cancer registries. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) evaluated patients for eligibility to participate. Questionnaires contained validated instruments to assess health-related quality of life and psychological well-being, including QLQ-C30, QLQ-PR25, EQ-5D-5L, 21-question Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Decisional Regret Scale. Setting: Republic of Ireland (RoI) and Northern Ireland (NI). Primary outcome measures: Registration completeness, predictors of eligibility and response, data missingness, unweighted and weighted PROMs. Results: Prostate cancer registration was 80% (95% CI 75% to 84%) and 91% (95% CI 89% to 93%) complete 2 y...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11259
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European greenhouse gas emissions estimated from continuous atmospheric measurements and radon 222 at mace head, ireland
(2018)
Biraud, Sébastien; Ciais, Philippe; Ramonet, Michel; Simmonds, Peter; Kazan, Victor; Mo...
European greenhouse gas emissions estimated from continuous atmospheric measurements and radon 222 at mace head, ireland
(2018)
Biraud, Sébastien; Ciais, Philippe; Ramonet, Michel; Simmonds, Peter; Kazan, Victor; Monfray, Patrick; O'Doherty, Simon; Spain, T. Gerard; Jennings, S. Gerard
Abstract:
Flux estimates of CO2, CH4 N2O, and CFCs over western Europe have been inferred from continuous atmospheric records of these species at the atmospheric research 771 station of Mace Head, Ireland. We use radon ( Rn) which has a fairly uniform source over continents as a reference compound to estimate unknown sources of other species. The Rn-222 is calculated for a suite of synoptic events that correlation between each species and have been selected in the Mace Head record over the period 1996/97. In the following, we describe the method and its uncertainties, and we establish data selection criteria that minimize the influence of local sources over Ireland, in the vicinity of the station, in order to select synoptic events originating from western Europe. We estimate western European flux densities of 45-30 10(3) kg C km(-2) month(-1) during wintertime for CO2, of 4.8-3.5 10(3) kg CH4 km(-2) yr(-1), 475-330 kg N2O km(-2) yr(-1) 2.5-1.8 kg CFC-11 km(-2) yr(-1) for CFC-11 and 4.2-2.9 k...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/8876
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Factors associated with suicidal ideation in the general population : Five-centre analysis from the ODIN study
(2014)
Casey, Patricia R.; Dunn, Graham; Kelly, Brendan D.; et al.
Factors associated with suicidal ideation in the general population : Five-centre analysis from the ODIN study
(2014)
Casey, Patricia R.; Dunn, Graham; Kelly, Brendan D.; et al.
Abstract:
Background: Very few studies have examined the cross-national prevalence of suicidal ideation in the general population or variables associated with it. Aims: To examine the risk factors for suicidal ideas in the general population. Method: As part of a five-country two stage epidemiological study of depressive disorder (the ODIN study) a random sample of over 12 000 people were screened using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). There followed detailed analysis of item 9 of the BDI, which measured the severity of suicidal ideation. Results: Age, marriage, concern by others and severity of depressed mood independently increased or decreased the odds of suicidal ideation overall. An interaction between life events and social supports was identified, although this differed between men and women. Only concern by others and severity of depression were independently associated with serious suicidal ideation. The study does not allow for interpretation of the direction of the association....
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5727
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Gbm.auto: a software tool to simplify spatial modelling and marine protected area planning
(2018)
Dedman, Simon; Officer, Rick; Clarke, Maurice; Reid, David G.; Brophy, Deirdre
Gbm.auto: a software tool to simplify spatial modelling and marine protected area planning
(2018)
Dedman, Simon; Officer, Rick; Clarke, Maurice; Reid, David G.; Brophy, Deirdre
Abstract:
Boosted Regression Trees. Excellent for data-poor spatial management but hard to use Marine resource managers and scientists often advocate spatial approaches to manage data-poor species. Existing spatial prediction and management techniques are either insufficiently robust, struggle with sparse input data, or make suboptimal use of multiple explanatory variables. Boosted Regression Trees feature excellent performance and are well suited to modelling the distribution of data-limited species, but are extremely complicated and time-consuming to learn and use, hindering access for a wide potential user base and therefore limiting uptake and usage. BRTs automated and simplified for accessible general use with rich feature set We have built a software suite in R which integrates pre-existing functions with new tailor-made functions to automate the processing and predictive mapping of species abundance data: by automating and greatly simplifying Boosted Regression Tree spatial modelling, ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11116
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Gender specific trends in alcohol use: cross-cultural comparisons from 1998 to 2006 in 24 countries and regions
(2009)
Simons-Morton, Bruce G.; Farhat, Tilda; ter Bogt, Tom F.M.; Hublet, Anne; Kuntsche, Emm...
Gender specific trends in alcohol use: cross-cultural comparisons from 1998 to 2006 in 24 countries and regions
(2009)
Simons-Morton, Bruce G.; Farhat, Tilda; ter Bogt, Tom F.M.; Hublet, Anne; Kuntsche, Emmanuel; Nic Gabhainn, Saoirse; Godeau, Emmanuelle; Kokkevi, Anna; HBSC Risk Behaviour Focus Group
Abstract:
Objective: To examine trends in the prevalence of monthly alcohol use and lifetime drunkenness among 15 year olds in 20 European countries, the Russian Federation, Israel, the United States of America, and Canada. Methods: Alcohol use prevalence and drunkenness were assessed in the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Survey conducted in each country in 1998, 2002, and 2006. Trends were determined using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for trends. Results: Average monthly alcohol use across all countries declined from 45.3 % to 43.6 % and drunkenness declined from 37.2 % to 34.8. There was substantial variability across countries, with decreases in some countries and increases or no change in use or drunkenness in others. The overall decline was greater among boys, from 41.2 % to 36.7 % than among girls, 33.3 % to 31.9 %. In most of the countries where drinking or drunkenness increased, it was due mainly to increases among girls. Conclusions: Trends in alcohol use and drunkenness...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/79314
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Impact of voluntary food fortification practices in Ireland: trends in nutrient intakes in Irish adults between 1997-9 and 2008-10.
(2014)
Hennessy, Áine; Hannon, Evelyn M.; Walton, Janette; Flynn, Albert
Impact of voluntary food fortification practices in Ireland: trends in nutrient intakes in Irish adults between 1997-9 and 2008-10.
(2014)
Hennessy, Áine; Hannon, Evelyn M.; Walton, Janette; Flynn, Albert
Abstract:
Because of the discretionary nature of voluntary food fortification in the European Union, there is a need to monitor fortification practices and consumption of fortified foods in order to assess the efficacy and safety of such additions on an ongoing basis. The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional impact of changes in voluntary fortification practices in adults aged 18–64 years using dietary intake data from two nationally representative cross-sectional food consumption surveys, the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey (NSIFCS) (1997–9) and the National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS) (2008–10). The supply of fortified foods increased between 1997–9 and 2008–10, resulting in a higher proportion of adults consuming fortified foods (from 67 to 82 %) and a greater contribution to mean daily energy intake (from 4·6 to 8·4 %). The overall nutrient profile of fortified foods consumed remained favourable, i.e. higher in starch and dietary fibre and lower in fat and satu...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3725
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International trends in post-primary mathematics education: perspectives on learning, teaching and assessment
(2005)
Conway, Paul F.; Sloane, Finbarr C
International trends in post-primary mathematics education: perspectives on learning, teaching and assessment
(2005)
Conway, Paul F.; Sloane, Finbarr C
Abstract:
In the context of the review by the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) of mathematics education at post-primary level in Ireland, this study focuses on a number of key international trends in mathematics education.While it is cognisant of developments in Ireland, it does not focus on Irish developments per se. However, in the final chapter we note potential areas of overlap, areas where there are significant divergences and possible lines of development in mathematics education at post-primary level in Ireland.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5002
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International Trends In The Deployment Of Female Soldiers
(2000)
Clonan, Tom
International Trends In The Deployment Of Female Soldiers
(2000)
Clonan, Tom
Abstract:
In this chapter I will briefly outline, by means of example and for the purpose of comparison, the integration of women in the international military. This outline is not intended to be an exhaustive history. It focuses primarily on the British and American experience since the end of the second world war. I have chosen the British and American armies as they are those armies with which the PDF has had most contact in terms of training and cultural exchange. In the first section of this chapter, I briefly examine the roles of women in a number of major and regional conventional conflicts, in uniform, as regular members of standing military formations. In the second section, I briefly examine the role of women in terrorism and low intensity conflict, or non conventional operations. The purpose of this outline is to provide well-documented examples of the actual combat experience of women. This provides a corrective to that construct of combat as an exclusively male or ‘mascul...
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Marked
Mark
Investigating the Views of Staff and Students to On-Campus Catering in a Third Level Educational Institution
(2017)
Hackett, Gereva; Melia, Detta
Investigating the Views of Staff and Students to On-Campus Catering in a Third Level Educational Institution
(2017)
Hackett, Gereva; Melia, Detta
Abstract:
On-campus provision and catering has become a very important part of campus life for both staff and students. The aim of this study was to investigate the views of staff and students to on-campus catering in a large third level educational institution. There was a response rate of 68% from all categories of staff and a response rate of 4.86% from students. A comprehensive investigation of existing trends in the food and beverage sector in general and on-campus is provided in this study analyses in a literature review. The results of the surveys concur with the secondary research of on-campus catering in the UK. The findings of this research have implications for a number of stakeholders; however, the greatest impact will be on the providers of catering provision on-campus in order to meet the needs of respondents. The results show that there is a need to provide good quality catering at a value price on-campus.
https://arrow.dit.ie/tfschhmtcon/44
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