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Displaying Results 51 - 75 of 2044 on page 3 of 82
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A good time to stay out? Strikes and the business cycle
(2008)
Devereux, Paul J.; Hart, Robert A.
A good time to stay out? Strikes and the business cycle
(2008)
Devereux, Paul J.; Hart, Robert A.
Abstract:
In this paper, we compile a unique historical dataset that records strike activity in the British engineering industry from 1920 to 1970. These data have the advantage of containing a fairly homogenous set of companies and workers, covering a long period with varying labour market conditions, including information that enables the addition of union and company fixed effects, and providing geographical detail that allows a district-level analysis that controls for year and seasonal effects. We study the cyclicality of strike durations, strike incidence, and strike outcomes and distinguish between pay and non-pay strikes. Like the previous literature, we find evidence that strikes over pay have countercyclical durations. However, in the post-war period, the magnitude of this effect is much reduced when union and firm fixed effects are included. These findings suggest that it is important when studying strike durations to take account of differences in the composition of companies and ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/736
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A Green Agenda for the Irish Renewable Energy Sector
(2012)
Das, Satyasiba; Best, Michael H.; Ryan, Paul
A Green Agenda for the Irish Renewable Energy Sector
(2012)
Das, Satyasiba; Best, Michael H.; Ryan, Paul
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2458
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A guide to the use of chain aggregated NIPA data
(2000)
Whelan, Karl
A guide to the use of chain aggregated NIPA data
(2000)
Whelan, Karl
Abstract:
In 1996, the U.S. Department of Commerce began using a new method to construct all aggregate "real" series in the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA). This method employs the so-called "ideal chain index" pioneered by Irving Fisher. The new methodology has some extremely important implications that are unfamiliar to many practicing empirical economists; as a result, mistaken calculations with NIPA data have become very common. This paper explains the motivation for the switch to chain aggregation and then illustrates the usage of chain-aggregated data with three topical examples, each relating to a different aspect of how information technologies are changing the economy.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/253
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A Hicksian link between inflation and the term structure
(1987)
Honohan, Patrick
A Hicksian link between inflation and the term structure
(1987)
Honohan, Patrick
Abstract:
Hicks suggested that a "constitutional weakness" at the long end of the bond market causes long yields to exceed short yields on average. This note argues that such a weakness would be accentuated by inflation and provides supportive empirical evidence.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1438
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A Lacanian psychoanalytic interpretation of conflict in Northern Ireland
(2001)
Millar, Adrian
A Lacanian psychoanalytic interpretation of conflict in Northern Ireland
(2001)
Millar, Adrian
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the power of Lacanian theory to bring to light the unconscious dynamics at work in the formation of ethno-national political identities. I begin by identifying the need for a Lacanian approach to communal identity. I then apply Lacanian psychoanalysis to interviews I have carried out into republicans and loyalists in Belfast, Northern Ireland, highlighting what it is both communities are in denial of as they constitute their self-interpretations. I point out how such denial helps sustain or reproduce relations of domination. I conclude that Lacanian psychoanalysis enhances our understanding and study of inter-religious and ethno-national conflicts and can be readily applied in conflict management.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2158
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A Life-Cycle Model of Habitual Dependence in Leisure Demand
(2008)
GURDGIEV, CONSTANTIN
A Life-Cycle Model of Habitual Dependence in Leisure Demand
(2008)
GURDGIEV, CONSTANTIN
Abstract:
This model proposes an extension of the traditional habits in consumption literature to encompass the time-persistence of leisure demand. The model establishes a link between the habitual leisure and income effects, which amplifies the traditional effects on savings, investment and consumption distribution across periods. The disutility of habits stock varies with the strength of habit formation. At the same time, the wage elasticity of demand for leisure and the income elasticity of consumption are shown to be functions of the strength of habit formation. The model concludes that while habitual leisure captures the effects of persistence in leisure, it fails to reflect the time dependency properties of consumption. This warrants a new approach to modelling consumption and leisure demand that includes the possibility for time dependent and weakly inseparable consumption and leisure.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/59253
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A measure of distance between judgment sets (Working paper no. 169)
(2011)
Duddy, Conal; Piggins, Ashley
A measure of distance between judgment sets (Working paper no. 169)
(2011)
Duddy, Conal; Piggins, Ashley
Abstract:
In the literature on judgment aggregation, an important open question is how to measure the distance between any two judgment sets. This is relevant for issues of social choice: if two individuals hold different beliefs then we might want to find a compromise that lies somewhere between them. We propose a set of axioms that determine a measure of distance uniquely. This measure differs from the widely used Hamming metric. The difference between Hamming's metric and ours boils down to one axiom. Given judgment sets A and B, this axiom says that if the propositions in A n B jointly imply that the propositions in A - B share the same truth value, then the disagreement between A and B over those propositions in A - B should be counted as a single disagreement. We consider the application of our metric to judgment aggregation, and also use the metric to measure the distance between preference rankings.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2309
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A metric space approach to the information capacity of spike trains
(2010)
HOUGHTON, CONOR JAMES; GILLESPIE, JAMES
A metric space approach to the information capacity of spike trains
(2010)
HOUGHTON, CONOR JAMES; GILLESPIE, JAMES
Abstract:
Classical information theory can be either discrete or continuous, corresponding to discrete or continuous random variables. However, although spike times in a spike train are described by continuous variables, the information content is usually calculated using discrete information theory. This is because the number of spikes, and hence, the number of variables, varies from spike train to spike train, making the continuous theory difficult to apply.It is possible to avoid this problem by using a metric space approach to spike trains. A metric gives a distance between different spike trains. The continuous version of information theory is then rephrased in terms of metric quantities and used to estimate the information capacity of spike trains. This method works by matching the distribution of distances between responses to the same stimulus to a -distribution: the -distribution is the length distribution for a vector of Gaussian variables. This defines a noise dimension for the s...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40197
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A Model for Regulatory Intervention in Irish Banking
(2010)
O'Sullivan, K.P.V.
A Model for Regulatory Intervention in Irish Banking
(2010)
O'Sullivan, K.P.V.
Abstract:
The banking system is currently experiencing an unprecedented phase of regulatory transition in order to address persistent market failures. This paper documents the need for better regulation in Irish banking and presents a framework that incorporates the competitiveness, efficiency and stability of the banking system. It explores the potential application of the regulation impact assessment technique and proposes the adoption of a comprehensive planning, impact analysis, enforcement and reviewing (PIER) model to aid in the development and management of a robust and balanced regulatory environment.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/954
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A Model of Comprehensive Habits with Psychological Effects of Work Effort
(2004)
GURDGIEV, CONSTANTIN
A Model of Comprehensive Habits with Psychological Effects of Work Effort
(2004)
GURDGIEV, CONSTANTIN
Abstract:
This paper develops a neoclassical growth model under the assumption of comprehensive habits that incorporate both consumption and labour supply decisions of the households. We show that in presence of comprehensive habits, households will supply more labour than in case of no habits. In addition we consider two possible psychological links between the wage rate and the habits mechanism. We distinguish between satisfaction effect of work effort and status effect of work effort by creating an explicit positive and negative links between higher wages and the importance of labour supply relative to consumption in determination of comprehensive habits stock. We analyse the different results obtained in the model under this distinction.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/59254
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A model of deliberative and aggregative democracy
(2011)
Perote Pena, Juan; Piggins, Ashley
A model of deliberative and aggregative democracy
(2011)
Perote Pena, Juan; Piggins, Ashley
Abstract:
We present a model of collective decision making in which voting and deliberation are treated simultaneously. Political theorists argue that public discussion can lead individuals to change their preferences. This aspect of democracy is typically ignored in models of social choice that focus exclusively on voting. In our model, individuals debate in a public forum and potentially revise their preferences in light of deliberation. Once this process is exhausted, a voting rule is applied to aggregate post-deliberation preferences into a social choice. Restricting attention to three alternatives, we identify conditions under which a democracy is truth-revealing in the sense that the deliberation path and the voting rule will always lead to the correct social choice being made, irrespective of the original profile of preferences and size of the electorate (provided the latter is finite). A critical parameter in the model is the persuasion cost. When this is low, a democracy is almost a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2301
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A model of intervention in childhood
(2008)
Symons, J. S. V.; Feinstein, Leon
A model of intervention in childhood
(2008)
Symons, J. S. V.; Feinstein, Leon
Abstract:
This paper describes a model and resulting simulations to assess the appropriate age structure of intervention in childhood on the theme: should we intervene early or late? We use asset theory approaches to construct a general model of state investment whose aim is to reduce inequality in human capital. We set out the key parameters of such a model, clarifying the assumptions that must be made by state planners or economists in assessing the relative value of targeted investment at different ages in the presence of a range of elements of uncertainty. We simulate the model showing how the age-investment schedule will vary under different assumptions. Early investment is highly valued because of the likely decline with age in effectiveness but the trade-offs are strongly moderated by other important assumptions around which there is uncertainty or are choice variables of the state planner.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1826
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A model supporting research on children growing up in asylum systems
(2015)
Mooney, Robert
A model supporting research on children growing up in asylum systems
(2015)
Mooney, Robert
Abstract:
Recent media reports and public policy debates have highlighted concerns regarding the impact on children of growing up in Direct Provision Centres (DP) in the asylum system in Ireland. This system has been criticised for the poor quality of the accommodation in which asylum seekers reside and the inadequate provision of resources, services and supports to meet their basic needs. Children’s development is significantly influenced by their environment. The risks and opportunities experienced at this stage of life can radically influence their social skills, mental wellbeing, and their physical health (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). Evidence suggests that the children of immigrant populations face additional challenges of integration into their host societies (Ager and Strang, 2004). This review of national and international research suggests that these issues are compounded in the case of children growing up in asylum systems. As some children spend between four 4 and eight 8 years living in...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6999
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A multi-country study of inter-generational educational mobility
(2003)
Chevalier, Arnaud; Denny, Kevin; McMahon, Dorren
A multi-country study of inter-generational educational mobility
(2003)
Chevalier, Arnaud; Denny, Kevin; McMahon, Dorren
Abstract:
This paper analyses intergenerational educational mobility using survey data for twenty countries. We find that a number of interesting patterns emerge. Estimating a measure of mobility as movement and an index of mobility as equality of opportunity we find that while these two measures are positively correlated, the correlation is far from perfect. Examining the link with educational inequality we find evidence which suggests an inverse relationship between mobility and inequality consistent with egalitarian theory. The relationship between mobility appears to be weak, high returns to education do not depress mobility, as some human capital theories would suggest. Mobility appears to be somewhat higher for men whereas equality is much the same for both sexes. There is evidence that mobility as equality of opportunity has risen consistent with modernization theory. There is no evidence that expansion of third level education has led to a fall in the penalty associated with having a ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1105
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A multi-country study of inter-generational educational mobility
(2003)
Chevalier, Arnaud; Denny, Kevin; McMahon, Dorren
A multi-country study of inter-generational educational mobility
(2003)
Chevalier, Arnaud; Denny, Kevin; McMahon, Dorren
Abstract:
This paper analyses intergenerational educational mobility using survey data for twenty countries. We find that a number of interesting patterns emerge. Estimating a measure of mobility as movement and an index of mobility as equality of opportunity we find that while these two measures are positively correlated, the correlation is far from perfect. Examining the link with educational inequality we find evidence which suggests an inverse relationship between mobility and inequality consistent with egalitarian theory. The relationship between mobility appears to be weak, high returns to education do not depress mobility, as some human capital theories would suggest. Mobility appears to be somewhat higher for men whereas equality is much the same for both sexes. There is evidence that mobility as equality of opportunity has risen consistent with modernization theory. There is no evidence that expansion of third level education has led to a fall in the penalty associated with having a ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/936
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A multisector model of efficiency wages
(1995)
Walsh, Frank
A multisector model of efficiency wages
(1995)
Walsh, Frank
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1772
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A Negotiation-Based Model of Tax-Induced Transfer Pricing
(2014)
Becker, Johannes; Davies, Ronald B.
A Negotiation-Based Model of Tax-Induced Transfer Pricing
(2014)
Becker, Johannes; Davies, Ronald B.
Abstract:
We present a new model of tax induced transfer pricing as an alternative to the oft-used concealment model. Inspired by interviews with practitioners, we consider a large multinational firm which is audited by the tax authority in the high-tax location. When this country adjusts the transfer prices proposed by the firm, the low-tax location may dispute this decision and initiate negotiations. Since negotiations are costly, the high-tax location sets a transfer price that prevents the low-tax location from entering negotiations. We compare this model's predictions to those of the concealment model. The negotiation model replicates the predictions on the tax rate effects on transfer pricing, while adding new predictions. Profit shifting is expected to fall in the high-tax country's bargaining power and to rise in firm profits and domestic firm ownership in both countries. Most importantly, profit shifting occurs even if tax enforcement is perfect. We analyze the effects of a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5709
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A new approach to evaluating trade policy
(1991)
Anderson, James E.; Neary, J. Peter
A new approach to evaluating trade policy
(1991)
Anderson, James E.; Neary, J. Peter
Abstract:
This paper introduces a new measure, the Trade Restrictiveness Index, which measures the restrictiveness of a system of trade protection. The index is a general equilibrium application of the distance function and answers the question: `What uniform set of trade restrictions is equivalent (in welfare terms) to the initial protective structure?' The index is applicable to both tariffs and quotas and allows international and intertemporal comparisons. The index is operational and we provide an empirical example to illustrate its applicability and to show its superiority to commonly used measures.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1521
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A new approach to evaluating trade reform
(1988)
Anderson, James E.; Neary, J. Peter
A new approach to evaluating trade reform
(1988)
Anderson, James E.; Neary, J. Peter
Abstract:
Dual methods are awkward to use for quota reform analysis. This paper develops a distance function concept (Deaton (1979)) relevant to trade distortions: the Distorted Trade Distance Function. It has the great advantage of being a minimum value function, permitting the use of standard techniques for easy achievement of general positive and normative results in the evaluation of trade reform. Quotas are the predominant means of protection in developed countries and distance function methods are the natural method for their analysis. We also define an operational general equilibrium distance measure, the coefficient of trade utilization.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1454
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A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(1992)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
A new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland
(1992)
Madden, David (David Patrick)
Abstract:
This paper provides a new set of consumer demand estimates for Ireland, incorporating a variety of different consumer demand models. Own-price and expenditure elasticities are presented and tests of the propositions implied by utility-maximisation are carried out, including the use of small-sample corrections. The results obtained show reasonable agreement across the different deterministic models but stochastic specification appears to be of crucial importance both for plausibility of estimates obtained and for rejection or non-rejection implied by utility-maximisation.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1684
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A Note on the Size Distribution of Irish Mortgages
(2011)
Kelly, Morgan
A Note on the Size Distribution of Irish Mortgages
(2011)
Kelly, Morgan
Abstract:
Using Department of Environment data on number of mortgages by size category we find that the Weibull distribution accurately models the distribution of loans under €300,000 but severely underestimates the number of larger loans. We therefore use a a Pareto distribution for loans above this level. We estimate that from 2006 to 2008 there were fewer than 2,000 loans over €1 million with total value of €3 billion; and that there were 11,000 loans over €500,000 with estimated value of €9 billion. While the number of people taking out these mortgages is unknown, the conjecture that the largest 10,000 mortgage borrowers owe around €10 billion, largely for buy to let mortgages, does not appear implausible given these results. More tentatively, an ecological inference procedure suggests that interest only mortgages went almost exclusively to property investors.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6375
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A note on trade costs and distance
(2007)
Lawless, Martina; Whelan, Karl
A note on trade costs and distance
(2007)
Lawless, Martina; Whelan, Karl
Abstract:
One of the most famous and robust findings in international economics is that distance has a strong negative effect on trade. Bernard, Jensen, Redding, and Schott (2007) discuss how this can be decomposed into an effect due to the number of products and an effect due to average exports per product. Using US firm-level data, they show that distance has a strong negative effect on the number of products exported. However, they find that the intensive margin—average sales of individual products—is increasing with distance. We show that this apparently puzzling finding is consistent with models featuring firm heterogeneity in productivity and fixed costs associated with exporting to each market. We also show how evidence of this type can be used to derive new estimates of how distance affects fixed and variable trade costs and how these two costs combine to generate the distance effect on trade.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/963
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A note on transfer pricing and the R&D intensity of Irish manufacturing
(2002)
Barry, Frank
A note on transfer pricing and the R&D intensity of Irish manufacturing
(2002)
Barry, Frank
Abstract:
Ireland’s low corporation tax regime has proved especially attractive to foreign multinational companies operating in high-tech sectors. Ireland’s increasing concentration in such sectors has facilitated the country’s rise in the international R&D rankings. On a sector by sector basis however, R&D expenditures in Ireland remain low by international standards. This has led to questions about whether the health of the country’s R&D environment matches the technological orientation of its industry, and about the commitment of the foreign sector to R&D activities in host economies such as Ireland. The present note focuses on the transfer pricing behaviour that tends to arise in a low corporation tax regime, and shows that a simple correction for transfer pricing reveals Ireland to be less of an outlier in terms of sectoral R&D expenditures than the conventional measures suggest.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1260
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A panel data analysis of the utilisation of GP services in Ireland : 1995-2001
(2004)
Nolan, Anne; Nolan, Brian
A panel data analysis of the utilisation of GP services in Ireland : 1995-2001
(2004)
Nolan, Anne; Nolan, Brian
Abstract:
The extent to which the cost of obtaining health care influences the utilisation of GP and other health services is a frequently analysed topic. A key issue concerns the extent to which access to private health insurance and/or eligibility for free public health services results in differences in utilisation that cannot be explained by differences in need factors such as age, gender or health status. Ireland is an interesting case study in this regard as only 30 per cent of the population are eligible for free GP consultations; the remainder of the population must pay the full price. Using panel data from 1995 to 2001 on GP visits in Ireland, this paper applies a random effects approach to count data in an attempt to determine the factors influencing GP visiting patterns, with a particular focus on the role of eligibility for free public health services.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1027
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A political profile of Protestant minorities in Europe
(2009)
Coakley, John
A political profile of Protestant minorities in Europe
(2009)
Coakley, John
Abstract:
This paper uses a large volume of data—in particular, surveys—to explore the character of Protestant identity in contemporary European states. It distinguishes three contexts. First, in the Nordic and certain adjacent states, the dominance of Protestantism was complete, but more recent secularisation has provoked a reaction from Christian parties which enjoy strong support from active Protestants. Second, in certain states which in the past were predominantly Protestant, and where the ethos of the state was aggressively so, a significant Catholic minority was counter-mobilised politically; but as the dominant state-building parties became increasingly secular, committed Protestants reacted in different ways, including the formation of splinter parties (as in the Netherlands and Switzerland) or working within the traditional parties (as in Great Britain and Germany). Third, in a few states there has traditionally been a small Protestant minority which has played a significant role in...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2409
Displaying Results 51 - 75 of 2044 on page 3 of 82
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Institution
Connacht-Ulster Alliance (1)
Dublin City University (128)
Dublin Institute of Technology (54)
Lenus (59)
Marine Institute (28)
Mary Immaculate College (5)
NUI Galway (193)
Teagasc (28)
Trinity College Dublin (154)
University College Cork (8)
University College Dublin (1346)
University of Limerick (40)
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