Institutions
|
About Us
|
Help
|
Gaeilge
0
1000
Home
Browse
Advanced Search
Search History
Marked List
Statistics
A
A
A
Show search options
Hide search options
Search using:
All
Any
None of these
Exact Phrase
in
Keyword (All Fields)
Title
Author
Subject
Institution
Funder
All
Any
None of these
Exact Phrase
in
Keyword (All Fields)
Title
Author
Subject
Institution
Funder
All
Any
None of these
Exact Phrase
in
Keyword (All Fields)
Title
Author
Subject
Institution
Funder
From
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
1960
1959
1958
1957
1956
1955
1954
1953
1952
1951
1950
1949
1948
1947
1946
1944
1943
1942
1941
1940
1939
1938
1937
1936
1935
1934
1933
1932
1931
1930
1929
1928
1927
1925
1923
1920
1919
1917
1915
1914
1913
1912
1911
1909
1908
1907
1906
1905
1904
1903
1902
1901
1900
1899
1898
1897
1896
1895
1894
1893
1892
1891
1890
1889
1888
1887
1886
1885
1884
1883
1882
1881
1880
1879
1878
1877
1876
1875
1874
1873
1872
1871
1870
1869
1867
1866
1865
1864
1862
1861
1859
1858
1857
1856
1855
1854
1853
1852
1851
1849
To
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961
1960
1959
1958
1957
1956
1955
1954
1953
1952
1951
1950
1949
1948
1947
1946
1944
1943
1942
1941
1940
1939
1938
1937
1936
1935
1934
1933
1932
1931
1930
1929
1928
1927
1925
1923
1920
1919
1917
1915
1914
1913
1912
1911
1909
1908
1907
1906
1905
1904
1903
1902
1901
1900
1899
1898
1897
1896
1895
1894
1893
1892
1891
1890
1889
1888
1887
1886
1885
1884
1883
1882
1881
1880
1879
1878
1877
1876
1875
1874
1873
1872
1871
1870
1869
1867
1866
1865
1864
1862
1861
1859
1858
1857
1856
1855
1854
1853
1852
1851
1849
Optionally, filter by:
(Leave unchecked to search all fields)
Item Type
Book
Book chapter
Conference item
Contribution to newspaper/magazine
Doctoral thesis
Journal article
Master thesis (research)
Master thesis (taught)
Multimedia
Patent
Report
Review
Working paper
Other
Peer Review Status
Peer reviewed
Non peer reviewed
Unknown
Institution
Dublin City University
Dublin Institute of Technology
NUI Galway
NUI Maynooth
Trinity College Dublin
University College Cork
University College Dublin
University of Limerick
Funder
Enterprise Ireland (EI)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Health Research Board (HRB)
Higher Education Authority (HEA)
Irish Aid
Irish Research Council for Humanities and Social Sciences (IRCHSS)
Irish Research Council for Science Engineering and Technology (IRCSET)
Marine Institute
Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
Teagasc
Language
Irish
English
Danish
French
German
Interlingue; Occidental
Italian
Japanese
Spanish; Castilian
Current Search:
'Biochemistry' in all fields;
301 items found
Sort by
Relevance
Title
Author
Item type
Date
Institution
Peer review status
Language
Order
Ascending
Descending
25
50
100
per page
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bibtex
CSV
EndNote
RefWorks
RIS
XML
Displaying Results 26 - 50 of 301 on page 2 of 13
Marked
Mark
Release of HMGB1 in response to pro-apoptotic glioma killing strategies: efficacy and neurotoxicity
(2010)
Candolfi, Marianela; Yagiz, Kader; Foulad, David; Alzadeh, Gabrielle E; Tesarfreund, Ma...
Release of HMGB1 in response to pro-apoptotic glioma killing strategies: efficacy and neurotoxicity
(2010)
Candolfi, Marianela; Yagiz, Kader; Foulad, David; Alzadeh, Gabrielle E; Tesarfreund, Matthew; Muhammad, AKM Ghulam; Puntel, Mariana; Kroeger, Kurt M; Liu, Chunyan; Lee, Sharon; Curtin, James; King, Gwendalyn D; Lerner, Jonathan; Sato, Katsuaki; Mineharu, Yohei; Xiong, Weidong; Lowenstein, Pedro R; Castro, Maria G
Abstract:
Purpose In preparation for a Phase I clinical trial utilizing a combined cytotoxic/immunotherapeutic strategy using adenoviruses expressing Flt3L (Ad-Flt3L) and thymidine kinase (Ad-TK) to treat glioblastoma (GBM), we tested the hypothesis that Ad-TK+GCV would be the optimal tumor killing agent in relation to efficacy and safety when compared to other pro-apoptotic approaches. Experimental Design and Results The efficacy and neurotoxicity of Ad-TK+GCV was compared with Ads encoding the pro-apoptotic cytokines (TNF-α, TRAIL, FasL), alone or in combination with Ad-Flt3L. In rats bearing small GBMs (day 4), only Ad-TK+GCV or Ad-FasL improved survival. In rats bearing large GBMs (day 9), the combination of Ad-Flt3L with Ad-FasL did not improve survival over FasL alone, while Ad-Flt3L combined with Ad-TK+GCV led to 70% long-term survival. Expression of FasL and TRAIL caused severe neuropathology, which was not encountered when we utilized Ad-TK+/−Ad-Flt3L. In vitro, all treatments elicit...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/54
Marked
Mark
Regulatable Gene Expression Systems for Gene Therapy Applications: Progress and Future Challenges
(2005)
Goverdhana, Shyam; Puntel, Mariana; Xiong, Weidong; Zirger, Jeffrey; Barcia, Carlos; Cu...
Regulatable Gene Expression Systems for Gene Therapy Applications: Progress and Future Challenges
(2005)
Goverdhana, Shyam; Puntel, Mariana; Xiong, Weidong; Zirger, Jeffrey; Barcia, Carlos; Curtin, James; Soffer, Eric; Mondkar, Sonali; King, Gwendalyn; Hu, Jinwei; Candolfi, Marianela; Greengold, Diane; Lowenstein, Pedro; Castro, Maria
Abstract:
Gene therapy aims to revert diseased phenotypes by the use of both viral and nonviral gene delivery systems. Substantial progress has been made in making gene transfer vehicles more efficient, less toxic, and nonimmunogenic and in allowing long-term transgene expression. One of the key issues in successfully implementing gene therapies in the clinical setting is to be able to regulate gene expression very tightly and consistently as and when it is needed. The regulation ought to be achievable using a compound that should be nontoxic, be able to penetrate into the desired target tissue or organ, and have a half-life of a few hours (as opposed to minutes or days) so that when withdrawn or added (depending on the regulatable system used) gene expression can be turned “on” or “off” quickly and effectively. Also, the genetic switches employed should ideally be nonimmunogenic in the host. The ability to switch transgenes on and off would be of paramount importance not only when the therap...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/56
Marked
Mark
Fish primary cultures for toxicity and pathological studies
(1997)
Lyons Alcantara, Maria, (Thesis)
Fish primary cultures for toxicity and pathological studies
(1997)
Lyons Alcantara, Maria, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>In this study, epithelial primary cultures from the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were developed as a model for environmental effects assessment. Cadmium was used as representative of heavy metals. The possible use of this system for pathological studies was also evaluated. The differential cytotoxic effects of cadmium on fish and mammalian epithelial cells in established and primary culture wee assessed by looking at the reduction of colony-forming ability and the reduction in the extent of growth. The influence of medium composition on the toxicity of cadmium was also studied using serum-free and serum-containing media. The experiments using immortalised cell lines showed that mammalian cells were more sensitive than fish to cadmium. Both cell types were grown at the same serum concentration. However, using the normal priamy system, human epithelial cells displayed less sensitivity to cadmium than did similar cultures from rainbow trout. It is likely that cellular m...
http://arrow.dit.ie/sciendoc/74
Marked
Mark
Development of an In Vitro Assay to predict patient response to radiotheraphy
(1995)
Sheridan, Mary, (Thesis)
Development of an In Vitro Assay to predict patient response to radiotheraphy
(1995)
Sheridan, Mary, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>At the present time, the treatment plan for a patient with cancer is usually based on parameters such as tumour site, histological type, and tumour stage and performance status. However, it is well know that the radiosensitivity of human cancers varies widely from one patient to another (Fertil et al., 1981), and that even within these broad categories some tumours will show greater response to radiotherapy than others. If those patients unlikely to be cured by radiotherapy could be identified prior to commencement of treatment, alternative or more aggressive therapies might be selected which may give a better chance of cure than the standard therapy. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro essay, the Mothersill outgrowth assay, to predict the individual patient response to chemo – and, in particular, radiotherapy. This assay involves culturing explants cut from a tumour and then treating them in situ with clinical equivalent doses of chemo- and radiotherapy. Two t...
http://arrow.dit.ie/sciendoc/77
Marked
Mark
Identification of fatty acid oxidation disorder patients with lowered acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in human skin fibroblasts
(2005)
Hunt, Mary; Ruiter, Jos; Mooyer, Petra; van Roermond, Carlo W T; Ofman, Rob; Ijlst, Lod...
Identification of fatty acid oxidation disorder patients with lowered acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in human skin fibroblasts
(2005)
Hunt, Mary; Ruiter, Jos; Mooyer, Petra; van Roermond, Carlo W T; Ofman, Rob; Ijlst, Lodewig; Wanders, Ronald J A
Abstract:
Background: Acyl-CoA thioesterases are enzymes that hydrolyze acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH). These enzymes have been identified in several cellular compartments and are thought to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. However, to date no patients deficient in acyl-CoA thioesterases have been identified. Design: Acyl-CoA thioesterase activity was measured in human skin fibroblasts. Western blot analysis was used to determine Type-II acyl-CoA thioesterase protein levels in patients. Results: Activity was found in human fibroblasts with all saturated acyl-CoAs from C4:0- to C18:0-CoA, with highest activity detected with lauroyl-CoA and myristoyl-CoA (C12:0 and C14:0-CoA). An antibody that recognizes all isoforms of Type-II acyl-CoA thioesterases, precipitated the majority of acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in fibroblasts, showing that the major activity in fibroblasts is catalyzed by Type-II thioesterases. Measurement of acyl-C...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/8
Marked
Mark
The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPAR ) regulates Bile Acid Biosynthesis.
(2000)
Hunt, Mary; Yang, Yi-Zeng; Eggertsen, Gosta; Carneheim, Claes; Gafvels, Mats; Einarsson...
The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPAR ) regulates Bile Acid Biosynthesis.
(2000)
Hunt, Mary; Yang, Yi-Zeng; Eggertsen, Gosta; Carneheim, Claes; Gafvels, Mats; Einarsson, Curt; Alexson, Stefan
Abstract:
Fibrates are a group of hypolipidemic agents which efficiently lower serum triglyceride levels by affecting the expression of many genes involved in lipid metabolism. These effects are exerted via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa). In addition, fibrates also lower serum cholesterol levels, suggesting a possible link between the PPARa and cholesterol metabolism. Bile acid formation represents an important pathway for elimination of cholesterol, and the sterol 12a-hydroxylase is a branch-point enzyme in the bile acid biosynthetic pathway, which determines the ratio of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid. Treatment of mice for one week with the peroxisome proliferator WY-14,643 or fasting for 24 hours both induced the sterol 12a- hydroxylase mRNA in liver. Using the PPARa knockout mouse model, we show that the induction by both treatments was dependent on the PPARa. A reporter plasmid containing a putative peroxisome proliferator-response element (PPRE) iden...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/7
Marked
Mark
A peroxisomal acyltransferase in mouse identifies a novel pathway for taurine conjugation of fatty acids.
(2007)
Reilly, Sarah-Jayne; O'Shea, Eithne; James, O'Byrne; Alexson, Stefan; Hunt, Mary
A peroxisomal acyltransferase in mouse identifies a novel pathway for taurine conjugation of fatty acids.
(2007)
Reilly, Sarah-Jayne; O'Shea, Eithne; James, O'Byrne; Alexson, Stefan; Hunt, Mary
Abstract:
A wide variety of endogenous carboxylic acids and xenobiotics are conjugated with amino acids, before excretion in urine or bile. The conjugation of carboxylic acids and bile acids with taurine and glycine has been widely characterized and de-novo synthesized bile acids are conjugated to either glycine or taurine in peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are also involved in the oxidation of several other lipid molecules, such as very long chain acyl-CoAs, branched chain acyl-CoAs and prostaglandins. In this study we have now identified a novel peroxisomal enzyme called acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (ACNAT1). Recombinantly expressed ACNAT1 acts as an acyltransferase that efficiently conjugates very long-chain and long-chain fatty acids to taurine. The enzyme shows no conjugating activity with glycine, showing that it is a specific taurine conjugator. Acnat1 is mainly expressed in liver and kidney and the gene is localized in a gene cluster, together with two further acyltransferases, one ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/13
Marked
Mark
Molecular cloning and characterization of two mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) regulated peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterases.
(2004)
Westin, Maria; Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Molecular cloning and characterization of two mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) regulated peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterases.
(2004)
Westin, Maria; Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Abstract:
Peroxisomes are organelles that function in the b-oxidation of very-long and long-chain acyl-CoAs, bile acid-CoA intermediates, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, dicarboxylic fatty acids, pristanic acid and xenobiotic carboxylic acids. The very long- and long-chain acyl-CoAs are mainly chain-shortened and then transported to mitochondria for further metabolism. We have now identified and characterized two peroxisomal acyl- CoA thioesterases, named PTE-Ia and PTE-Ic, which hydrolyze acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A. PTE-Ia and PTE-Ic show 82% sequence identity at amino acid level and a putative peroxisomal type 1 targeting signal of –AKL was identified at the carboxy-terminal end of both proteins. Localization experiments using green fluorescent fusion protein showed PTEIa and PTE-Ic to be localized in peroxisomes. Despite their high level of sequence identity, we show that PTE-Ia is mainly active on long-chain acyl- CoAs, while PTE-Ic is mainly active on med...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/12
Marked
Mark
Analysis of the mouse and human acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACOT) gene clusters shows that convergent, functional evolution results in a reduced number of human peroxisomal ACOTs.
(2006)
Hunt, Mary; Rautanen, Anna; Westin, Maria; Svensson, Thomas; Alexson, Stefan
Analysis of the mouse and human acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACOT) gene clusters shows that convergent, functional evolution results in a reduced number of human peroxisomal ACOTs.
(2006)
Hunt, Mary; Rautanen, Anna; Westin, Maria; Svensson, Thomas; Alexson, Stefan
Abstract:
The maintenance of cellular levels of free fatty acids and acyl-CoAs, the activated form of free fatty acids, is extremely important as imbalances in lipid metabolism have serious consequences for human health. Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACOTs) hydrolyze acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and CoASH, and thereby have the potential to regulate intracellular levels of these compounds. We have previously identified and characterized a mouse ACOT gene cluster, comprised of six genes that apparently arose by gene duplications, encoding acyl- CoA thioesterases with localizations in cytosol (ACOT1), mitochondria (ACOT2) and peroxisomes (ACOT3-6). However, the corresponding human gene cluster contains only three genes, ACOT1, ACOT2 and ACOT4 coding for full-length thioesterase proteins, of which only one is peroxisomal (ACOT4). We therefore set out to characterize the human genes, and we here show that the human ACOT4 protein catalyzes the activities of three mouse peroxisomal ACOTs (ACOT3, 4, an...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/11
Marked
Mark
Treg depletion inhibits efficacy of cancer immunotherapy: implications for clinical trials.
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Fakhouri, Tamer; Liu, Chunyan; Alden, Anderson; Edw...
Treg depletion inhibits efficacy of cancer immunotherapy: implications for clinical trials.
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Fakhouri, Tamer; Liu, Chunyan; Alden, Anderson; Edwards, Matthew; Lowenstein, Pedro; Castro, Maria
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) infiltrate human glioblastoma (GBM); are involved in tumor progression and correlate with tumor grade. Transient elimination of Tregs using CD25 depleting antibodies (PC61) has been found to mediate GBM regression in preclinical models of brain tumors. Clinical trials that combine Treg depletion with tumor vaccination are underway to determine whether transient Treg depletion can enhance anti-tumor immune responses and improve long term survival in cancer patients. FINDINGS: Using a syngeneic intracrabial glioblastoma (GBM) mouse model we show that systemic depletion of Tregs 15 days after tumor implantation using PC61 resulted in a decrease in Tregs present in tumors, draining lymph nodes and spleen and improved long-term survival (50% of mice survived >150 days). No improvement in survival was observed when Tregs were depleted 24 days after tumor implantation, suggesting that tumor burden is an important factor for determining efficac...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/19
Marked
Mark
Anisomycin activates JNK and sensitises DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells to Fas mediated apoptosis
(2002)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Anisomycin activates JNK and sensitises DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells to Fas mediated apoptosis
(2002)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Treatment of the hormone refractory prostate cancer cell line DU 145 with sublethal concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs has been reported to sensitise these cells to Fas mediated apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which this occurs has not been determined. Our group has shown that inhibition of JNK activity completely abrogates the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Using anisomycin, a potent JNK agonist, we have demonstrated a role for JNK in Fas mediated apoptosis in DU 145 cells. Inhibition of Caspase 8 and Caspase 9 completely inhibits this process which suggests that DU 145 cells require mitochondrial amplification of the Fas apoptotic signal. Furthermore, we have shown that inhibition of Fas mediated apoptosis is an early event in DU 145 cells, occurring upstream of Caspase 8 cleavage. It is hoped that identifying the target of JNK will allow novel therapies to be developed for the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. Such therapies are especially important ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/37
Marked
Mark
Regulation and measurement of oxidative stress in apoptosis
(2002)
Curtin, James; Donovan, Maryanne; Cotter, Thomas
Regulation and measurement of oxidative stress in apoptosis
(2002)
Curtin, James; Donovan, Maryanne; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Cells are constantly generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) during aerobic metabolism. As a consequence, each cell is equipped with an extensive antioxidant defence system to combat excessive production of ROS. Oxidative stress occurs in cells when the generation of ROS overwhelms the cell's natural antioxidant defences. There is a growing consensus that oxidative stress and the redox state of a cell plays a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis, a tightly controlled form of cell death in which a cell partakes in its own demise. More recently, a role for reactive nitrogen species (RNI) as both positive and negative regulators of cell death has been established. This review describes the major sources of ROS and RNI in a cell, the control of cell death by these species and the role of antioxidants as regulators of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Finally, the various methods that can be employed in establishing a role for both ROS and RNI in apoptosis will be discussed with part...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/32
Marked
Mark
Regulated Expression of Adenoviral Vectors-Based Gene Therapies: Therapeutic Expression of Toxins and Immune-Modulators
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Puntel, Mariana; Xiong, Weidong; Muhammad, AKM Ghul...
Regulated Expression of Adenoviral Vectors-Based Gene Therapies: Therapeutic Expression of Toxins and Immune-Modulators
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Puntel, Mariana; Xiong, Weidong; Muhammad, AKM Ghulam; Kroeger, Kurt; Mondkar, Sonali; Liu, Chunyan; Bondale, Niyati; Lowenstein, Pedro; Castro, Maria
Abstract:
Regulatable promoter systems allow gene expression to be tightly controlled in vivo. This is highly desirable for the development of safe, efficacious adenoviral vectors that can be used to treat human diseases in the clinic. Ideally, regulatable cassettes should have minimal gene expression in the "OFF" state, and expression should quickly reach therapeutic levels in the "ON" state. In addition, the components of regulatable cassettes should be non-toxic at physiological concentrations and should not be immunogenic, especially when treating chronic illness that requires long-lasting gene expression. In this chapter, we will describe in detail protocols to develop and validate first generation (Ad) and high-capacity adenoviral (HC-Ad) vectors that express therapeutic genes under the control of the TetON regulatable system. Our laboratory has successfully used these protocols to regulate the expression of marker genes, immune stimulatory genes, and toxins for canc...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/31
Marked
Mark
Historical perspectives (Apoptosis)
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Historical perspectives (Apoptosis)
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Apoptosis is one of the most widely studied fields in biology and accounts for over 2% of all life science publications annually. It plays a fundamental role in development, and defects in the regulation of apoptosis are directly implicated in numerous well-known diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, tissue atrophy and auto-immune diseases. However, the field of apoptosis has humble beginnings and was neglected by biologists for much of its history. This chapter reviews the history of research in apoptosis and highlights key experiments that have contributed significantly to our current understanding of apoptosis. In addition, the topics covered in later chapters are briefly introduced.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/34
Marked
Mark
Turning the gene tap off; implications of regulating gene expression for cancer therapeutics
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Xiong, Weidong; Lowenstein, Pedro; Castro, Maria
Turning the gene tap off; implications of regulating gene expression for cancer therapeutics
(2008)
Curtin, James; Candolfi, Marianela; Xiong, Weidong; Lowenstein, Pedro; Castro, Maria
Abstract:
Cancer poses a tremendous therapeutic challenge worldwide, highlighting the critical need for developing novel therapeutics. A promising cancer treatment modality is gene therapy, which is a form of molecular medicine designed to introduce into target cells genetic material with therapeutic intent. Anticancer gene therapy strategies currently used in preclinical models, and in some cases in the clinic, include proapoptotic genes, oncolytic/replicative vectors, conditional cytotoxic approaches, inhibition of angiogenesis, inhibition of growth factor signaling, inactivation of oncogenes, inhibition of tumor invasion and stimulation of the immune system. The translation of these novel therapeutic modalities from the preclinical setting to the clinic has been driven by encouraging preclinical efficacy data and advances in gene delivery technologies. One area of intense research involves the ability to accurately regulate the levels of therapeutic gene expression to achieve enhanced effi...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/30
Marked
Mark
Live and let die: regulatory mechanisms in Fas-mediated apoptosis
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Live and let die: regulatory mechanisms in Fas-mediated apoptosis
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Activation of Fas receptor by Fas ligand causes caspase 8 activation and apoptosis in cells and is an important mechanism by which normal tissue homeostasis and function are maintained. Activation of caspase 8 is preceded by the formation of a death-inducing signalling complex (DISC), and a number of redundant mechanisms regulate DISC formation in vivo. Fas receptor is widely expressed in tissues, and dysfunction of the regulatory mechanisms in Fas receptor signalling has been reported in several diseases including autoimmune disease and cancer. This review aims to identify and discuss the various mechanisms employed by cells to alter their sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis by regulating DISC formation. We also discuss a number of defects identified with Fas receptor signalling and the associated pathologies.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/35
Marked
Mark
Isolation of cancer stem cells from adult glioblastoma multiforme
(2004)
Yuan, Xianpeng; Curtin, James; Xiong, Yizhi; Liu, Gentao; Waschsmann-Hogiu, Sebastian; ...
Isolation of cancer stem cells from adult glioblastoma multiforme
(2004)
Yuan, Xianpeng; Curtin, James; Xiong, Yizhi; Liu, Gentao; Waschsmann-Hogiu, Sebastian; Farkas, Daniel; Black, Keith; Yu, John
Abstract:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common adult primary brain tumor and is comprised of a heterogeneous population of cells. It is unclear which cells within the tumor mass are responsible for tumor initiation and maintenance. In this study, we report that brain tumor stem cells can be identified from adult GBMs. These tumor stem cells form neurospheres, possess the capacity for self-renewal, express genes associated with neural stem cells (NSCs), generate daughter cells of different phenotypes from one mother cell, and differentiate into the phenotypically diverse populations of cells similar to those present in the initial GBM. Having a distinguishing feature from normal NSCs, these tumor stem cells can reform spheres even after the induction of differentiation. Furthermore, only these tumor stem cells were able to form tumors and generate both neurons and glial cells after in vivo implantation into nude mice. The identification of tumor stem cells within adult GBM may repr...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/25
Marked
Mark
Transcriptional regulation of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
(2009)
Shafaati, Marjan; O'Driscoll, Riona; Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Meaney, Steve
Transcriptional regulation of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
(2009)
Shafaati, Marjan; O'Driscoll, Riona; Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Meaney, Steve
Abstract:
The mechanistic basis for the tissue specific expression of cholesterol elimination pathways is poorly understood. To gain additional insight into this phenomenon we considered it of interest to investigate if epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the regulation of the brain-specific enzyme cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1), a key regulator of brain cholesterol elimination. We demonstrated a marked time-dependent derepression of the expression of CYP46A1, in response to treatment with the potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A. The pattern of expression of the genes in the genomic region surrounding CYP46A1 was found to be diametrically opposite in brain and liver. Intraperitoneal injection of HDAC inhibitors in mice led to a significant derepression of hepatic Cyp46a1 mRNA expression and tissue specific changes in Hmgcr and Cyp39a1 mRNA expression. These results are discussed in the context of the phenomenology of tissue specific cholesterol balance.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/49
Marked
Mark
Peroxisomes Contain a Specific Phytanoly-CoA/Pristanoyl-CoA Thioesterase Acting as a Novel Auxiliary Enzyme in Alpha-and Beta-Oxidation of Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids in Mouse
(2007)
Westin, Maria; Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Peroxisomes Contain a Specific Phytanoly-CoA/Pristanoyl-CoA Thioesterase Acting as a Novel Auxiliary Enzyme in Alpha-and Beta-Oxidation of Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids in Mouse
(2007)
Westin, Maria; Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Abstract:
<p>Phytanic acid and pristanic acid are derived from phytol, which enter the body via the diet. Phytanic acid contains a methyl group in position three and therefore cannot undergo b-oxidation directly, but instead must first undergo a-oxidation to pristanic acid, which then enters b-oxidation. Both these pathways occur in peroxisomes, and in this study we have identified a novel peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase, named ACOT6, which we show is specifically involved in phytanic acid and pristanic acid metabolism. Sequence analysis of ACOT6 revealed a putative peroxisomal targeting signal at the C-terminal end, and cellular localization experiments verified it as a peroxisomal enzyme. Subcellular fractionation experiments showed that peroxisomes contain by far the highest phytanoyl-CoA/pristanoyl-CoA thioesterase activity in the cell, which could be almost completely immunoprecipitated using an ACOT6 antibody. Acot6 mRNA was mainly expressed in white adipose tissue and was coexp...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/41
Marked
Mark
Transcriptional regulation of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
(2009)
Shafaati, Marjan; O'Driscoll, Riona; Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Meaney, Steve
Transcriptional regulation of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
(2009)
Shafaati, Marjan; O'Driscoll, Riona; Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Meaney, Steve
Abstract:
The mechanistic basis for the tissue specific expression of cholesterol elimination pathways is poorly understood. To gain additional insight into this phenomenon we considered it of interest to investigate if epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the regulation of the brain-specific enzyme cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1), a key regulator of brain cholesterol elimination. We demonstrated a marked time-dependent derepression of the expression of CYP46A1, in response to treatment with the potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A. The pattern of expression of the genes in the genomic region surrounding CYP46A1 was found to be diametrically opposite in brain and liver. Intraperitoneal injection of HDAC inhibitors in mice led to a significant derepression of hepatic Cyp46a1 mRNA expression and tissue specific changes in Hmgcr and Cyp39a1 mRNA expression. These results are discussed in the context of the phenomenology of tissue specific cholesterol balance.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/28
Marked
Mark
JNK Regulates HIPK3 Expression and Promotes Resistance to Fas-mediated Apoptosis in DU 145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells
(2004)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
JNK Regulates HIPK3 Expression and Promotes Resistance to Fas-mediated Apoptosis in DU 145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells
(2004)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Elevated endogenous JNK activity and resistance to Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis have recently been implicated in progression of prostate cancer and can promote resistance to apoptosis in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. In addition, JNK has been demonstrated to promote transformation of epithelial cells by increasing both proliferation and survival. Although numerous studies have reported a role for JNK in promoting Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis, there is a paucity in the literature studying the antiapoptotic function of JNK during Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis. Consequently, we have used the recently described specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 and RNA interference to inhibit endogenous JNK activity in the prostate carcinoma cell line DU 145. We demonstrated that endogenous JNK activity increased the expression of a kinase, HIPK3, that has previously been implicated in multidrug resistance in a number of tumors. HIPK3 has also been reported to phosphorylate FADD. The interac...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/33
Marked
Mark
Genetic connections between neurological disorders and cholesterol metabolism
(2010)
Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Leoni, Valerio; Meaney, Steve
Genetic connections between neurological disorders and cholesterol metabolism
(2010)
Bjorkhem, Ingemar; Leoni, Valerio; Meaney, Steve
Abstract:
Cholesterol is an essential component of both the peripheral and central nervous systems of mammals. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that disturbances in cholesterol metabolism are associated with the development of various neurological conditions. In addition to genetically defined defects in cholesterol synthesis, which will be covered in another review in this Thematic Series, defects in cholesterol metabolism (cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis) and intracellular transport (Niemann Pick Syndrome) lead to neurological disease. A subform of hereditary spastic paresis (type SPG5) and Huntington's disease are neurological diseases with mutations in genes that are of importance for cholesterol metabolism. Neurodegeneration is generally associated with disturbances in cholesterol metabolism, and presence of the E4 isoform of the cholesterol transporter apolipoprotein E as well as hypercholesterolemia are important risk factors for development of Alzheimer's diseas...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/29
Marked
Mark
Defects in death-inducing signalling complex formation prevent JNK activation and Fas-mediated apoptosis in DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Defects in death-inducing signalling complex formation prevent JNK activation and Fas-mediated apoptosis in DU 145 prostate carcinoma cells
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Androgen-independent prostate carcinomas are resistant to chemotherapy and cell lines derived from androgen-independent prostate carcinomas such as DU 145 cells are highly resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. The incubation of DU 145 cells with anti-Fas IgM agonistic antibody of Fas receptor fails to activate JNK, a stress kinase involved in regulating apoptosis. We have previously shown that JNK activation is sufficient and necessary to promote Fas-mediated apoptosis in DU 145 cells. We investigate the mechanisms by which JNK activation and apoptosis are abrogated. HSP27 is overexpressed in DU 145 cells and has previously been reported to sequester DAXX and prevent JNK activation in cells treated with anti-Fas IgM. However, we find no evidence that HSP27 interacts with DAXX in DU 145 cells. Instead, we find that FADD does not interact with caspase-8 and this results in defective death-inducing signalling complex formation following Fas receptor activation.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/36
Marked
Mark
Novel functions of acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases as auxiliary enzymes in peroxisomal lipid metabolism.
(2008)
Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Novel functions of acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases as auxiliary enzymes in peroxisomal lipid metabolism.
(2008)
Hunt, Mary; Alexson, Stefan
Abstract:
Peroxisomes are single membrane bound organelles present in almost all eukaryotic cells, and to date have been shown to contain approximately 60 identified enzymes involved in various metabolic pathways, including the oxidation of a variety of lipids. These lipids include very long-chain fatty acids, methyl branched fatty acids, prostaglandins, bile acid precursors, and xenobiotics that are either β-oxidized or α-oxidized in peroxisomes. The recent identification of several acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases in peroxisomes has revealed their various functions in acting as auxiliary enzymes in α- and β-oxidation in this organelle. To date, 9 functional acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases have been identified in mouse and 4 functional acyl-CoA thioesterases and acyltransferases in human, thus these enzymes make up a substantial portion of peroxisomal proteins. This review will therefore focus on new and emerging roles for these enzymes in assisting with the oxidation ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/39
Marked
Mark
The nudix hydrolase 7 is an acyl-CoA diphosphatase involved in regulating peroxisomal coenzyme A homeostasis.
(2008)
Reilly, Sarah-Jayne; Tillander, Veronica; Ofman, Rob; Alexson, Stefan E H; Hunt, Mary C
The nudix hydrolase 7 is an acyl-CoA diphosphatase involved in regulating peroxisomal coenzyme A homeostasis.
(2008)
Reilly, Sarah-Jayne; Tillander, Veronica; Ofman, Rob; Alexson, Stefan E H; Hunt, Mary C
Abstract:
Coenzyme A (CoASH) is an obligate cofactor for lipids undergoing β-oxidation in peroxisomes. Although the peroxisomal membrane appears to be impermeable to CoASH, peroxisomes contain their own pool of CoASH. It is believed that CoASH enters peroxisomes as acyl-CoAs, but it is not known how this pool is regulated. The mouse nudix hydrolase 7 (NUDT7α) was previously identified in peroxisomes as a CoAdiphosphatase, and therefore suggested to be involved in regulation of peroxisomal CoASH levels. Here we show that mouse NUDT7α mainly acts as an acyl-CoA diphosphatase, with highest activity towards medium chain acyl-CoAs, and much lower activity with CoASH. Nudt7α mRNA is highly expressed in liver, brown adipose tissue and heart, similar to enzymes involved in peroxisomal lipid degradation. Nudt7α mRNA is downregulated by Wy-14,643, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) ligand, in a PPARα dependent manner in mouse liver. In highly purified peroxisomes, nudix hydrolas...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/40
Displaying Results 26 - 50 of 301 on page 2 of 13
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bibtex
CSV
EndNote
RefWorks
RIS
XML
Item Type
Book chapter (5)
Conference item (13)
Doctoral thesis (18)
Journal article (254)
Master thesis (taught) (1)
Review (6)
Other (4)
Institution
Dublin City University (18)
NUI Galway (7)
NUI Maynooth (6)
Trinity College Dublin (204)
University College Cork (1)
Dublin Institute of Technology (65)
Peer Review Status
Peer reviewed (281)
Non peer reviewed (19)
Unknown (1)
Year
2012 (9)
2011 (38)
2010 (46)
2009 (29)
2008 (19)
2007 (15)
2006 (21)
2005 (21)
2004 (21)
2003 (14)
2002 (10)
2001 (8)
2000 (13)
1999 (6)
1998 (6)
1997 (6)
1996 (4)
1995 (5)
1993 (4)
1992 (1)
1991 (1)
1990 (1)
1989 (1)
1988 (1)
1984 (1)
built by Enovation Solutions