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'Cancer' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 76 - 100 of 3656 on page 4 of 147
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Treating cisplatin-resistant cancer: a systematic analysis of oxaliplatin or paclitaxel salvage chemotherapy
(2009)
Stordal, Britta; Pavlakis, Nick; Davey, Ross
Treating cisplatin-resistant cancer: a systematic analysis of oxaliplatin or paclitaxel salvage chemotherapy
(2009)
Stordal, Britta; Pavlakis, Nick; Davey, Ross
Abstract:
Objective: To examine the pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the use of oxaliplatin or paclitaxel salvage chemotherapy in patients with cisplatin-resistant cancer. Methods: Medline was searched for 1) Cell models of acquired resistance reporting cisplatin, oxaliplatin and paclitaxel sensitivities and 2) Clinical trials of single agent oxaliplatin or paclitaxel salvage therapy for cisplatin/carboplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. Results: Oxaliplatin - Oxaliplatin is widely regarded as being active in cisplatin-resistant cancer. In contrast, data in cell models suggests that there is cross-resistance between cisplatin and oxaliplatin in cellular models with resistance levels which reflect clinical resistance (<10 fold). Oxaliplatin as a single agent had a poor response rate in patients with cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer (8%, n=91). Oxaliplatin performed better in combination with other agents for the treatment of platinum-resistant cancer suggesting that the benefit of oxa...
http://doras.dcu.ie/4548/
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A study of the relationships between perceived pain, social support, coping and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer
(1999)
Wright, Shelagh
A study of the relationships between perceived pain, social support, coping and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer
(1999)
Wright, Shelagh
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to assess the implications of perceived pain and social support for coping ability, levels of distress and quality of life in a group of patients with advanced cancer. A total of 98 patients who were undergoing palliative treatment and/or care and were aware of their cancer diagnosis, but not necessarily of their prognosis, consented verbally to participate. A questionnaire was administered to each participant comprised of scales to measure perceived pain intensity and to evaluate overall pain experience, to measure perceived and actual support given by each participant’s family, friends and health care professionals and to measure participants’ present coping attitudes and their perceived loss. Measures of anxiety, depression and quality of life were also included. A qualitative aspect to the study was included which asked participants which type of support they most appreciated and to describe what changes having cancer had made to their lives. Although p...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19528/
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A nested case-control study of adjuvant hormonal therapy persistence and compliance, and early breast cancer recurrence in women with stage I-III breast cancer
(2013)
BENNETT, KATHLEEN
A nested case-control study of adjuvant hormonal therapy persistence and compliance, and early breast cancer recurrence in women with stage I-III breast cancer
(2013)
BENNETT, KATHLEEN
Abstract:
Background: Non-persistence and non-compliance are common in women prescribed hormonal therapy for breast cancer, but little is known about their influence on recurrence. Methods: A nested case?control study of associations between hormonal therapy non-persistence and non-compliance and the risk of early recurrence in women with stage I?III breast cancer was undertaken. Cases, defined as women with a breast cancer recurrence within 4 years of hormonal therapy initiation, were matched to controls (1 : 5) by tumour stage and age. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations between early recurrence and hormonal therapy non-persistence and non-compliance. Results: Ninety-four women with breast cancer recurrence were matched to 458 controls. Women who were non-persistent ([gt-or-equal, slanted]180 days without hormonal therapy) had a significantly increased adjusted recurrence odds ratio (OR) of 2.88 (95%CI 1.11, 7.46) compared with persistent women. There was n...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72469
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Psychological interventions for women with non-metastatic breast cancer (Review)
(2015)
Jassim, Ghufran A; Whitford, David L; Hickey, Anne; Carter, Ben
Psychological interventions for women with non-metastatic breast cancer (Review)
(2015)
Jassim, Ghufran A; Whitford, David L; Hickey, Anne; Carter, Ben
Abstract:
<p>This review is also available at <a href="http://www.cochranelibrary.com">http://www.cochranelibrary.com</a></p>
<p>Background:</p> <p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. It is a distressing diagnosis and, as a result, considerable research has examined the psychological sequelae of being diagnosed and treated for breast cancer. Breast cancer is associated with increased rates of depression and anxiety and reduced quality of life. As a consequence, multiple studies have explored the impact of psychological interventions on the psychological distress experienced after a diagnosis of breast cancer.</p> <p>Objectives:</p> <p>To assess the effects of psychological interventions on psychological morbidities, quality of life and survival among women with nonmetastatic breast cancer.</p> <p>Search methods:</p> <p>We searched the following databases up to...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/psycholart/86
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Quality of life of Bahraini women with breast cancer: a cross sectional study.
(2013)
Jassim, Ghufran Ahmed; Whitford, David L
Quality of life of Bahraini women with breast cancer: a cross sectional study.
(2013)
Jassim, Ghufran Ahmed; Whitford, David L
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/13/212">http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/13/212</a></p>
<p>BACKGROUND: Breast cancer can impact survivors in many aspects of their life. Scarce information is currently available on the quality of life of cancer survivors in Bahrain. The objective of this study is to describe the quality of life of Bahraini women with breast cancer and its association with their sociodemographic and clinical data.</p> <p>METHODS: This is a cross sectional study in which the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Cancer Specific version translated into Arabic was administered to a random sample of 337 Bahraini women with breast cancer. Relevant descriptive statistics were computed for all items. The equality of means across the categories of each categorical independent variable was tested using parametric tests (ANOVA a...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/fcmmubart/10
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Breast cancer cell migration is regulated through junctional adhesion molecule-A-mediated activation of Rap1 GTPase.
(2011)
McSherry, Elaine A; Brennan, Kieran; Hudson, Lance; Hill, Arnold DK; Hopkins, Ann M
Breast cancer cell migration is regulated through junctional adhesion molecule-A-mediated activation of Rap1 GTPase.
(2011)
McSherry, Elaine A; Brennan, Kieran; Hudson, Lance; Hill, Arnold DK; Hopkins, Ann M
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://breast-cancer-research.com/content/pdf/bcr2853.pdf">http://breast-cancer-research.com/content/pdf/bcr2853.pdf</a></p>
<p>ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: The adhesion protein junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) regulates epithelial cell morphology and migration, and its over-expression has recently been linked with increased risk of metastasis in breast cancer patients. As cell migration is an early requirement for tumor metastasis, we sought to identify the JAM-A signalling events regulating migration in breast cancer cells. METHODS: MCF7 breast cancer cells (which express high endogenous levels of JAM-A) and primary cultures from breast cancer patients were used for this study. JAM-A was knocked down in MCF7 cells using siRNA to determine the consequences for cell adhesion, cell migration and the protein expression of various integrin subunits. As we had previously demonstrated a link betw...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/surgart/5
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Aspirin and P2Y12 inhibition attenuate platelet-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion.
(2015)
Cooke, Niamh M; Spillane, Cathy D; Sheils, Orla; O'Leary, John; Kenny, Dermot
Aspirin and P2Y12 inhibition attenuate platelet-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion.
(2015)
Cooke, Niamh M; Spillane, Cathy D; Sheils, Orla; O'Leary, John; Kenny, Dermot
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.biomedcentral.com</p>
<p>BACKGROUND: Platelet-cancer cell interactions play a key role in successful haematogenous metastasis. Disseminated malignancy is the leading cause of death among ovarian cancer patients. It is unknown why different ovarian cancers have different metastatic phenotypes. To investigate if platelet-cancer cell interactions play a role, we characterized the response of ovarian cancer cell lines to platelets both functionally and at a molecular level.</p> <p>METHODS: Cell lines 59 M and SK-OV-3 were used as in vitro model systems of metastatic ovarian cancer. Platelet cloaking of each cell line was quantified by flow cytometry. Matrigel invasion chamber assays were used to assess the invasive capacity of the cell lines. The induction of an EMT was assessed by morphology analysis and by gene expression analysis of a panel of 11 EMT markers using TaqMan RT-PCR.</p> <p>RESULTS: ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mctart/76
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Noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: the long and the short of it.
(2014)
LYNCH, THOMAS
Noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: the long and the short of it.
(2014)
LYNCH, THOMAS
Abstract:
As the leading culprit in cancer incidence for American men, prostate cancer continues to pose significant diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tribulations for clinicians. The vast spectrum of disease behavior warrants better molecular classification to facilitate the development of more robust biomarkers that can identify the more aggressive and clinically significant tumor subtypes that require treatment. The untranslated portion of the human transcriptome, namely noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), is emerging as a key player in cancer initiation and progression and boasts many attractive features for both biomarker and therapeutic research. Genetic linkage studies show that many ncRNAs are located in cancer-associated genomic regions that are frequently deleted or amplified in prostate cancer, whereas aberrant ncRNA expression patterns have well-established links with prostate tumor cell proliferation and survival. The dysregulation of pathways controlled by ncRNAs results in a cascade ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75542
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Type 2 diabetes and breast cancer - the role of hyperinsulinaemia in breast cancer development and mortality
(2016)
Gallagher, Emily Jane
Type 2 diabetes and breast cancer - the role of hyperinsulinaemia in breast cancer development and mortality
(2016)
Gallagher, Emily Jane
Abstract:
<p>Obesity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer. In addition, these conditions are associated with more aggressive forms of breast cancer and greater breast cancer mortality. All three conditions are associated with insulin resistance and endogenous hyperinsulinemia. Breast cancers express the insulin receptor (IR), therefore we hypothesize that endogenous hyperinsulinaemia promotes breast cancer growth and metastases by acting directly on the IR on the tumour cells, and by causing epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the tumour. We found that hyperinsulinaemia led to increased growth and metastasis of both murine and human breast cancers in an animal model of hyperinsulinaemia. We found that the increase in tumour metastasis was associated with increased vimentin expression in the primary tumours. We found that silencing the IR reduced the growth of human breast cancer xenografts in the animals, assoc...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/174
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Oral cancer incidence and survival rates in the Republic of Ireland, 1994-2009
(2016)
Ali, Hala; Sinnott, Sarah-Jo; Corcoran, Paul; Deady, Sandra E.; Sharp, Linda; Kabir, Zu...
Oral cancer incidence and survival rates in the Republic of Ireland, 1994-2009
(2016)
Ali, Hala; Sinnott, Sarah-Jo; Corcoran, Paul; Deady, Sandra E.; Sharp, Linda; Kabir, Zubair
Abstract:
Background: Oral cancer is a significant public health problem world-wide and exerts high economic, social, psychological, and physical burdens on patients, their families, and on their primary care providers. We set out to describe the changing trends in incidence and survival rates of oral cancer in Ireland between 1994 and 2009. Methods: National data on incident oral cancers [ICD 10 codes C01-C06] were obtained from the National Cancer Registry Ireland from 1994 to 2009. We estimated annual percentage change (APC) in oral cancer incidence during 1994–2009 using joinpoint regression software (version 4.2.0.2). The lifetime risk of oral cancer to age 79 was estimated using Irish incidence and population data from 2007 to 2009. Survival rates were also examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models to explore the influence of several demographic/lifestyle covariates with follow-up to end 2012. Results: Data were obtained on 2,147 oral cancer incident cases. M...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3423
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Aspirin and P2Y<inf>12</inf> inhibition attenuate platelet-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion
(2015)
SHEILS, ORLA; O'LEARY, JOHN; SPILLANE, CATHY
Aspirin and P2Y<inf>12</inf> inhibition attenuate platelet-induced ovarian cancer cell invasion
(2015)
SHEILS, ORLA; O'LEARY, JOHN; SPILLANE, CATHY
Abstract:
Background: Platelet-cancer cell interactions play a key role in successful haematogenous metastasis. Disseminated malignancy is the leading cause of death among ovarian cancer patients. It is unknown why different ovarian cancers have different metastatic phenotypes. To investigate if platelet-cancer cell interactions play a role, we characterized the response of ovarian cancer cell lines to platelets both functionally and at a molecular level. Methods: Cell lines 59M and SK-OV-3 were used as in vitro model systems of metastatic ovarian cancer. Platelet cloaking of each cell line was quantified by flow cytometry. Matrigel invasion chamber assays were used to assess the invasive capacity of the cell lines. The induction of an EMT was assessed by morphology analysis and by gene expression analysis of a panel of 11 EMT markers using TaqMan RT-PCR. Results: SK-OV-3 cells adhered to and activated more platelets than 59M cells (p=0.0333). Platelets significantly promoted the ability of o...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79192
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An Exploration of Nurse-led Models of Cancer Care in Ireland: A Mixed Method Study
(2020)
PRABHUKELUSKAR, SNEHAL
An Exploration of Nurse-led Models of Cancer Care in Ireland: A Mixed Method Study
(2020)
PRABHUKELUSKAR, SNEHAL
Abstract:
Background Within the cancer care services internationally and nationally, there has been a proliferation of nurse-led models of cancer care. However, such role development has all-too-often been ad hoc, and nature and duties undertaken vary considerably both within and across services. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the current status of nurse-led models of cancer care in Ireland, and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the scope, governance and infrastructure underpinning nurse-led models of cancer care. Method: A sequential explanatory mixed method research design was used in this descriptive study. The first phase of the study involved a national quantitative survey of nurses interested in cancer care. This was followed by qualitative interviews with a sample of 11 volunteers from phase I of the study to explore nurses' perceptions of the benefits and impacts of nurse-led models of care, as well as the challenges and barriers for implementing these mod...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/91561
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The contribution of population-based cancer registries to the current knowledge on cancer epidemiology: the example of skin melanoma
(2018)
Crocetti, Emanuele
The contribution of population-based cancer registries to the current knowledge on cancer epidemiology: the example of skin melanoma
(2018)
Crocetti, Emanuele
Abstract:
Introduction The activity of cancer registries represents a multistep process that starts by gathering information from a variety of sources. Such information is checked, linked, enriched and handled to produce high-quality original data capable of being informative enough to prove useful in answering specific epidemiological and clinical questions. This thesis is part of a PhD by Prior Publication grounded in six published papers. These papers deal with different steps in the production of cancer registry data, enhancing the contribution of registries to cancer epidemiology. Skin melanoma has been used as an example, but all the presented methods and concepts apply to any cancer type. Materials and methods 1. The first paper (related to cancer registry data quality) tests the hypothesis whether the distribution of the first digit (from one to nine) of crude incidence rates obeys Benford law. Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and different distance measures were appl...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10112
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Functional assessment of non-coding regulatory variants in familial breast cancer
(2020)
O'BRIEN, CAROL
Functional assessment of non-coding regulatory variants in familial breast cancer
(2020)
O'BRIEN, CAROL
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Irish women, with almost 3,000 cases diagnosed every year. It often runs in families, and some women inherit a greater risk of developing the disease. Landmark studies on these families led to the discovery of breast cancer susceptibility genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. However, mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and other susceptibility genes are only detected in ~25% of women with familial breast cancer. Despite extensive efforts to uncover the genetic susceptibility to breast cancer, much of the heritability remains unexplained. To address this issue, we hypothesised that pathogenic germline mutations may be located in the non-protein-coding, regulatory regions of the genome. We carried out targeted sequencing of promoter and candidate enhancer regions of 143 cancer-associated genes in 104 high-risk non-BRCA1/2 Irish familial breast cancer cases and 101 geographically-matched controls. We found that case-enriched non-coding variants were capable...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93021
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Integrating self-management into daily life following primary treatment: head and neck cancer survivors' perspectives
(2019)
Dunne, Simon; Coffey, Laura; Sharp, Linda; Desmond, Deirdre; Gooberman-Hill, Rachael; O...
Integrating self-management into daily life following primary treatment: head and neck cancer survivors' perspectives
(2019)
Dunne, Simon; Coffey, Laura; Sharp, Linda; Desmond, Deirdre; Gooberman-Hill, Rachael; O'Sullivan, Eleanor; Timmons, Aileen Mary; Keogh, Ivan; Timon, Conrad; Gallagher, Pamela
Abstract:
Background: Self-management may help cancer survivors to better deal with challenges to their physical, functional, social and psychological well-being presented by cancer and its treatment. Nonetheless, little is known about how people integrate cancer self-management practices into their daily lives. The aim of this study was to describe and characterise the processes through which head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors attempt to integrate self-management into their daily lives following primary treatment. Methods: Using a purposeful critical case sampling method, 27 HNC survivors were identified through four designated cancer centres in Ireland and participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Six themes describing HNC survivors’ attempts to integrate self-management into their lives following treatment were identified: grappling with having to self-manage, trying out self-manag...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13567/
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Examining the impact of a social prescribing service on the health & wellbeing of individuals living with and beyond cancer
(2020)
O'HARA, CHLOE
Examining the impact of a social prescribing service on the health & wellbeing of individuals living with and beyond cancer
(2020)
O'HARA, CHLOE
Abstract:
Social prescribing is a community-based intervention that supports individuals with health needs and chronic conditions to access activities supports in their community. Due to medical improvements, more people than ever are living beyond cancer diagnosis and treatment and there are currently over 150,000 cancer survivors in Ireland. Cancer survivors experience persistent symptoms post-treatment, including fatigue, pain, anxiety and depression, and this in turn impacts negatively upon their activity participation. Social prescribing may offer accessible, community-based support to individuals living with cancer and support them to engage in a variety of activities. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of social prescribing on the quality of life, mental health, activity participation and fatigue levels of individuals living with and beyond cancer, and to explore the experiences and perceptions of cancer survivors following engagement in social prescribing. To achieve thi...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/95439
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An examination of the pharmacology of HER2 inhibitor responses in cellular models of breast cancer
(2014)
O'Neill, Fiona
An examination of the pharmacology of HER2 inhibitor responses in cellular models of breast cancer
(2014)
O'Neill, Fiona
Abstract:
So-called “targeted therapeutics”, agents with tumour-selective action, promise to revolutionise treatment of specific malignancies; however, realisation of the therapeutic promise of such drugs requires new methods of rapidly distinguishing patients who will derive treatment benefit. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), a group of small molecule therapeutics, inhibit specific aspects of the phosphorylation-mediated intracellular signalling pathways commonly altered in cancer. Overexpression of one such pathway, initiated by the HER2 growth factor receptor, occurs commonly in breast cancer. Lapatinib, a HER2 TKI, has been used in combinations with other cancer drugs for treating HER2 overexpressing breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate gene expression changes in response to these targeted therapies to examine their ability to predict treatment response. In this thesis, microarray data from lapatinib-treated drug sensitive breast cancer cell lines was interrogated using ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19736/
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Cancer projections for Ireland 2015-2040
(2014)
National Cancer Registry
Cancer projections for Ireland 2015-2040
(2014)
National Cancer Registry
Abstract:
Projections of the number of cancer cases are valuable in setting priorities for prevention and in anticipating the demand for cancer services. Adequate health service planning, especially with regard to staff training and recruitment, and the development of long-term capital projects such as radiotherapy units, requires estimates of the likely future burden of cancer. This is the third set of projections of future cancer cases produced by the National Cancer Registry. Although a wide range of methods is available for projecting cancer incidence and mortality [1-8] we have, to a large extent, adhered to the methods used in previous reports [5, 9, 10], as they have been proven over time and also provide some continuity.
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/316564
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'Pragmatic randomized controlled trial of individually prescribed exercise versus usual care in a heterogeneous cancer survivor population': a feasibility study PEACH trial: prescribed exercise after chemotherapy.
(2010)
Guinan, Emer; Broderick, Julie; Hussey, Juliette
'Pragmatic randomized controlled trial of individually prescribed exercise versus usual care in a heterogeneous cancer survivor population': a feasibility study PEACH trial: prescribed exercise after chemotherapy.
(2010)
Guinan, Emer; Broderick, Julie; Hussey, Juliette
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Many cancer survivors suffer a range of physical and psychological symptoms which may persist for months or years after cessation of treatment. Despite the known benefits of exercise and its potential to address many of the adverse effects of treatment, the role of exercise as well as optimum duration, frequency, and intensity in this population has yet to be fully elucidated. Many cancer rehabilitation programmes presented in the literature are very long and have tight eligibility criteria which make them non-applicable to the majority of cancer survivors. This paper presents the protocol of a novel 8-week intervention which aims to increase fitness, and address other physical symptoms in a heterogeneous cancer survivor population. METHODS/DESIGN: The aim is to recruit 64 cancer survivors 2-6 months after completion of chemotherapy, usually adjuvant, with curative intent. Subjects will be recruited through oncology clinics in a single institution and randomised to usual...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/39224
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Melanoma-associated antigen family protein-D4: clinical significance and functional relevance in breast cancer
(2010)
O'Driscoll, Lorraine
Melanoma-associated antigen family protein-D4: clinical significance and functional relevance in breast cancer
(2010)
O'Driscoll, Lorraine
Abstract:
Melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) family genes are broadly expressed during development and are involved in the regulation of cell survival, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. MAGE family proteins are generally described as tumour-specific antigens and as representing ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy. In the current study, we identified melanoma-associated antigen protein-D4 (MAGE-D4), a recently characterised MAGE family member, as a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. Specifically, in a whole genome microarray analysis of 103 cases of invasive breast tumours, MAGE-D4 expression was observed in 43.8% of tumours, while undetectable in normal breast tissue. Multivariate and univariate analyses also indicated MAGE-D4 expression to be associated with tumour grade, spread to lymph nodes and shortened times to relapse (P = 0.0369) and death (P = 0.0133) from time of cancer diagnosis; suggesting a role for MAGE-D4 in tumour progression. T...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40100
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Long-term activation of the pro-coagulant response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and major cancer surgery.
(2010)
PIDGEON, GRAHAM; REYNOLDS, JOHN; MAHER, STEPHEN; WHITE, BARRY; O'DONNELL, JAMES
Long-term activation of the pro-coagulant response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and major cancer surgery.
(2010)
PIDGEON, GRAHAM; REYNOLDS, JOHN; MAHER, STEPHEN; WHITE, BARRY; O'DONNELL, JAMES
Abstract:
Background: The association between cancer, major surgery and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is well established. Multimodal therapy is increasingly being used as standard treatment for localised gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the markers of pro-coagulation response and VTE risk in an exemplar multimodal model of pre-operative combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy, followed by complex cancer surgery. Methods: Consecutive patients (n=36) with localised oesophageal cancer were studied at baseline after the first and second cycles of chemoradiation, and on post-operative days 1?28, and at 3, 6 and 9 months. Factors regulating the pro- and anti-coagulant response, as well as pro-inflammatory markers including NF?B activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were examined. All patients received enoxaparin 40?mg s.c. postoperatively up to discharge, and underwent pulmonary CT-pulmonary angiography and venography on day 10 postoperatively...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/60884
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Trends and Patterns in Cancer Mortality in Northern Ireland
(2010)
Donnelly, D.W.; Gavin, A.T.
Trends and Patterns in Cancer Mortality in Northern Ireland
(2010)
Donnelly, D.W.; Gavin, A.T.
Abstract:
Cancer is a major public health issue in Northern Ireland with one in three of the population developing some form of the disease by the time they reach 75 years. However in many ways cancer is a misunderstood disease with the common perception that it is unavoidable and almost always fatal. In this paper we give an overview of the cancer burden in Northern Ireland, focusing on the many aspects of cancer mortality including the distribution by cancer type, trends over time and variations by geographic area and socio-economic factors. Cancer mortality patterns are put into context alongside incidence levels and survival, and differences with the situation in the UK and Republic of Ireland are highlighted.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41138
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Platelet Adhesion and Degranulation Induce Pro-Survival and Pro-Angiogenic Signalling in Ovarian Cancer Cells
(2011)
SMYTH, PAUL; O'LEARY, JOHN; O'TOOLE, SHARON; SPILLANE, CATHY; MARTIN, CARA; G...
Platelet Adhesion and Degranulation Induce Pro-Survival and Pro-Angiogenic Signalling in Ovarian Cancer Cells
(2011)
SMYTH, PAUL; O'LEARY, JOHN; O'TOOLE, SHARON; SPILLANE, CATHY; MARTIN, CARA; GALLAGHER, MICHAEL; NORRIS, LUCY; CONLON, NIAMH; MCEVOY, LYNDA MARIE; FFRENCH, GEORGE BRENDAN; STORDAL, BRITTA; KEEGAN, HELEN; FINN, STEPHEN; MCENEANEY, VICTORIA; SHEILS, ORLA; CROWLEY, DARRAGH
Abstract:
Thrombosis is common in ovarian cancer. However, the interaction of platelets with ovarian cancer cells has not been critically examined. To address this, we investigated platelet interactions in a range of ovarian cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials [HIO-80, 59M, SK-OV-3, A2780, A2780cis]. Platelets adhered to ovarian cancer cells with the most significant adhesion to the 59M cell line. Ovarian cancer cells induced platelet activation [P-selectin expression] in a dose dependent manner, with the most significant activation seen in response to the 59M cell line. The platelet antagonists [cangrelor, MRS2179, and apyrase] inhibited 59M cell induced activation suggesting a P2Y12 and P2Y1 receptor mediated mechanism of platelet activation dependent on the release of ADP by 59M cells. A2780 and 59M cells potentiated PAR-1, PAR-4, and TxA2 receptor mediated platelet activation, but had no effect on ADP, epinephrine, or collagen induced activation. Analysis of gene expres...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/60228
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THE EMT-ACTIVATOR ZEB1 IS UNRELATED TO PLATINUM DRUG RESISTANCE IN OVARIAN CANCER BUT PREDICTIVE OF SURVIVAL
(2014)
STORDAL, BRITTA KRISTINA
THE EMT-ACTIVATOR ZEB1 IS UNRELATED TO PLATINUM DRUG RESISTANCE IN OVARIAN CANCER BUT PREDICTIVE OF SURVIVAL
(2014)
STORDAL, BRITTA KRISTINA
Abstract:
Background: Ovarian cancer is treated by surgery followed by platinum/taxane combination chemotherapy. Initial response rates are high, but up to 80% of ovarian cancer patients will eventually relapse with drug-resistant disease. Cancer cells can progress from a non-invasive to an invasive and malignant phenotype through a series of metastatic steps through a process known as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Ovarian cancer cell lines have been previously shown to have undergone EMT in association with the development of drug resistance. However, the mechanisms of drug resistance are not typically investigated in detail in the same study. Objective: We have previously shown that IGROVCDDP drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells model the resistance phenotype of ovarian cancer patients who have failed platinum/taxane chemotherapy. In this study we show that IGROVCDDP have also undergone EMT. We aim to determine if alterations in EMT-related genes are related to the drug-resista...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68003
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Erlotinib or gefitinib for the treatment of relapsed platinum pretreated non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer: a systematic review.
(2011)
STORDAL, BRITTA KRISTINA
Erlotinib or gefitinib for the treatment of relapsed platinum pretreated non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer: a systematic review.
(2011)
STORDAL, BRITTA KRISTINA
Abstract:
Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to platinum agents invariably develops. Targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have great potential here as they exert their anti-tumour effect via alternative mechanisms to platinum-based drugs and as such may remain unaffected by emergent resistance to platinum. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to investigate whether two EGFR-TKIs, erlotinib and gefitinib, have efficacy in the platinum-resistance setting. Preclinical studies of platinum-resistant cancer cell lines, which had been subsequently treated with EGFRTKIs,were sought to establish proof-of-concept. Clinical trials reporting administration of EGFR-TKIs to ovarian cancer and NSCLC patients relapsed after therapy with platinum drugs were investigated to determine sensitivity of these cohorts to EGFR-TKI treatment. The role of EGFR mutation, copy number...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68006
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