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'Chemistry' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 51 - 75 of 4085 on page 3 of 164
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Synthetic studies for photo-triggered release of bioconjugate porphyrin photosensitisers in photodynamic therapy
(2009)
Bakar, Mohd Bakri
Synthetic studies for photo-triggered release of bioconjugate porphyrin photosensitisers in photodynamic therapy
(2009)
Bakar, Mohd Bakri
Abstract:
THESIS 9270
The objective of this research was to synthesise porphyrin linked-bioconjugate photosensitisers that can be released upon irradiation with UV light; aiming to improve photodynamic cancer therapy efficiency. This photoreleased-bioconjugate system has potential for use in targeted photosensitiser delivery with a light-triggered control release mechanism. Several approaches were employed towards linking porphyrins to the bioconjugates using thio and o-nitrobenzyl labile linkers. The classic 1.3-dithiane-2-yl synthon residue is an useful anion which has been used both as a functional and protected formyl group. Based on Umpolung studies, SnAr reactions via RLi method were carried out to introduce dithianyl residue into porphyrin macrocycle and act as the formyl synthon. The reactivity of related dithio analogues was later investigated to explore their basic chemistry. Subsequent work was focused on constructing labile photocleavable systems using spirobisdithiane and tri...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/77856
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Mark
ps-TRIR investigations of DNA systems and toward bimodal nanoparticles for biomedical applications
(2009)
Doorley, Gerard W.
ps-TRIR investigations of DNA systems and toward bimodal nanoparticles for biomedical applications
(2009)
Doorley, Gerard W.
Abstract:
THESIS 8743
The work described herein encompasses two distinct areas of chemistry. The first of these involved the time resolved study of ultrafast relaxation processes in DNA following UV excitation (chapters 1-5). The nature of the electronic excited states of DNA is today an ever expanding area of scientific curiosity. Exposure of DNA to UV radiation can result in deleterious effects with profound biological consequences. Our goal is to understand the excited states formed and their subsequent reaction or relaxation dynamics. To this end, we have embarked on a systematic study from simple nucleotide units to dinucleotide, polynucleotide and finally biologically relevant systems using picosecond time resolved infrared spectroscopy (ps-TRIR).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/78355
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Synthesis and structural characterisation of polynuclear d-block metal complexes
(2006)
Godfrin, Sylvie
Synthesis and structural characterisation of polynuclear d-block metal complexes
(2006)
Godfrin, Sylvie
Abstract:
THESIS 7832
The research presented in this thesis lies within the area of coordination chemistry and the study of polynuclear metal complexes. More specifically, this project involves the synthesis and structural and magnetic (for some examples) characterisation of novel polynuclear d-block metal complexes, featuring either C3-symmetric tripodal Schiff base ligands or small tridentate ligands. Chapter 2 details the attempts at the complexation of the C3-symmetric tripodal hexadentate Schiff base ligands, cis,cis- and cis,trans-tris(salicylideneamino)cyclohexane (H3L2a and H3L2b), which consist of phenol groups appended to a 1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane (L1) backbone. The crystal structure of L1a.3HBr and H3L2a are described and show the formation of 3D networks through hydrogen bonding. Linear trinuclear d-block metal complexes (L2a)2M3 (M(II) = Cd (1), Mn (2), Ni (solvates 3 and 4), Zn (5), Co (solvates 6 and 7), as well as (HL2b)2Co3(OAc)2?CHCl3 (8) were isolated and structurally...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/81747
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Synthesis, characterisation and complexation of phenylenebis(oxamates) and related ligands
(2005)
MacLeod, Murray
Synthesis, characterisation and complexation of phenylenebis(oxamates) and related ligands
(2005)
MacLeod, Murray
Abstract:
THESIS 7941
The research presented in this thesis lies within the general area of supramolecular and coordination chemistry. The work herein can be divided into two distinct areas. Firstly, the syntheses and structural characterisation of o-phenylenebis(oxamides) and related ligands are described and secondly, the preparation and characterisation of novel transition metal complexes incorporating some of these ligands is reported. Chapter 2 details the synthesis of novel ligands that are related to o-phenylenebis(oxamate) L1, C14N2O6H16: (L1), C12N2O6H12 (L2), C12N4O4H14 (L3), C15N2O6H18 (L4), C13N4O4H16 (L5), C16N2O6H20 (L6), C14N4O4H18 (L7), C14N2O6H16 (L8), C14N2O6H16 (L9), C21N2O6H22 (L10) and C30N5O4H52 (L22)]. The structural description of hydrogen bonding within phenylenebis(oxamides) and related ligands is unreported in the literature. The crystallisation and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of ligands L1 to L10 and L22 have resulted in the determination of nine n...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/81748
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Supramolecular routes to a bio-inspired synthesis of micro-and nano-structured materials
(2013)
Marzec, Bartosz
Supramolecular routes to a bio-inspired synthesis of micro-and nano-structured materials
(2013)
Marzec, Bartosz
Abstract:
THESIS 10104
This thesis presents a contribution to the research field of coordination chemistry and synthesis of hybrid, organic-inorganic materials. The weak, non-covalent interactions that occur between the synthesised metal complexes gives rise to hierarchical supramolecular assemblies and allow the study of the self-assembly and self-organisation processes that may be used in the future bottom-up? approaches to design intelligent materials or functional nanodevices. Fourteen new coordination compounds that contain iminodiacetic acid based ligands were characterised using a variety of analytical techniques, including single crystal X-ray diffraction in order to determine their coordination environments and solid-state packing modes. The structures and constitution of related non- crystalline materials were compared to those of the crystalline materials and were primarily characterised by electron microscopy approaches and other supplemental analytical techniques. Attention w...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/83459
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Harnessing marine biocatalytic reservoirs for green chemistry applications through metagenomic technologies
(2018)
Castilla, Ignacio Abreu; Woods, David F.; Reen, F. Jerry; O'Gara, Fergal
Harnessing marine biocatalytic reservoirs for green chemistry applications through metagenomic technologies
(2018)
Castilla, Ignacio Abreu; Woods, David F.; Reen, F. Jerry; O'Gara, Fergal
Abstract:
In a demanding commercial world, large-scale chemical processes have been widely utilised to satisfy consumer related needs. Chemical industries are key to promoting economic growth and meeting the requirements of a sustainable industrialised society. The market need for diverse commodities produced by the chemical industry is rapidly expanding globally. Accompanying this demand is an increased threat to the environment and to human health, due to waste produced by increased industrial production. This increased demand has underscored the necessity to increase reaction efficiencies, in order to reduce costs and increase profits. The discovery of novel biocatalysts is a key method aimed at combating these difficulties. Metagenomic technology, as a tool for uncovering novel biocatalysts, has great potential and applicability and has already delivered many successful achievements. In this review we discuss, recent developments and achievements in the field of biocatalysis. We highlight...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6676
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Engineering the Palladium–WSe2 interface chemistry for field effect transistors with high-performance hole contacts
(2018)
Smyth, Christopher M.; Walsh, Lee A.; Bolshakov, Pavel; Catalano, Massimo; Addou, Rafik...
Engineering the Palladium–WSe2 interface chemistry for field effect transistors with high-performance hole contacts
(2018)
Smyth, Christopher M.; Walsh, Lee A.; Bolshakov, Pavel; Catalano, Massimo; Addou, Rafik; Wang, Luhua; Kim, Jiyoung; Kim, Moon J.; Young, Chadwin D.; Hinkle, Christopher L.; Wallace, Robert M.
Abstract:
Palladium has been widely employed as a hole contact to WSe2 and has enabled, at times, the highest WSe2 transistor performance. However, there are orders of magnitude variation across the literature in Pd–WSe2 contact resistance and ION/IOFF ratios with no true understanding of how to consistently achieve high-performance contacts. In this work, WSe2 transistors with impressive ION/IOFF ratios of 106 and Pd–WSe2 Schottky diodes with near-zero variability are demonstrated utilizing Ohmic-like Pd contacts through deliberate control of the interface chemistry. The increased concentration of a PdSex intermetallic is correlated with an Ohmic band alignment and concomitant defect passivation, which further reduces the contact resistance, variability, and barrier height inhomogeneity. The lowest contact resistance occurs when a 60 min post-metallization anneal at 400 °C in forming gas (FG) is performed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates this FG anneal produces 3× the concentratio...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/7282
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New carbon nanotube composites
(2006)
Blake, Rowan
New carbon nanotube composites
(2006)
Blake, Rowan
Abstract:
THESIS 7779
The main goal of this research is to prepare new chemically functionalised carbon nanotubes and their composite materials and to investigate their properties. This work is focused on the use of organometallic chemistry for the functionalisation and modification of carbon nanotubes.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86213
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Functionalised POSS for materials science applications
(2006)
Bent, Matthew
Functionalised POSS for materials science applications
(2006)
Bent, Matthew
Abstract:
THESIS 7817
The main aim of this work is to develop chemistry of POSS and related materials, which might have potential applications in nanotechnology. Chapter 1 of the thesis provides a general introduction into the area of POSS and related materials. Chapter 2 is dedicated to synthesis of different functionalised POSS. ... In the chapter 3 various reactions of halogen-, amino-, allyl- and cyclopentadienyl- functionalised POSS have been studied. ... In chapter 4 different trialkoxysilane derivatives such as (chloropropyl) triethoxysilane, (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane have been used to functionalise Ti02 nanorods. ... In the chapter 5 preparation and effective purification techniques for multiwalled (MWNTs) nanotubes have been developed. ... Chapter 6 contains the experimental details of the procedures and techniques described in this thesis. Finally, chapter 7 presents conclusions and the future outlook for the research performed in this project.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86209
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Mark
Synthesis and structural analysis of mononuclear to polymeric 2,2'-bipyridyl lanthanide, main group and transition metal complexes
(2007)
Kelly, Niamh
Synthesis and structural analysis of mononuclear to polymeric 2,2'-bipyridyl lanthanide, main group and transition metal complexes
(2007)
Kelly, Niamh
Abstract:
THESIS 8190
The main body of work within this thesis lies within the field of supramolecular chemistry and more specifically concerns the synthesis of coordination complexes involving 2,2'-bipyridyl ligands. A range of coordination complexes have been synthesised that encompass monomeric to polymeric metal species. Carboxylic acid substituted 2,2'-bipyridyl ligands, with two potentially coordinating functional groups (carboxylic acid and bipyridyl groups), have been employed in the synthesis of these complexes, thereby allowing for complexation with an array of metal ions, including lanthanide, main group (alkaline earth) and transition metals.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86400
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Towards novel constrained resorcarene-based platforms
(2007)
Moore, Deborah
Towards novel constrained resorcarene-based platforms
(2007)
Moore, Deborah
Abstract:
THESIS 8309
This thesis entitled "Towards Novel Constrained Resorcarene-Based Platforms" is divided into seven chapters. In Chapter 1, an introduction to resorcarene chemistry is given and a discussion of the various possible isomers is included. A review of further reactions that can be carried out on the resorcarene macrocycle is then given. This chapter also describes the aims of this project. In Chapter 2, work towards synthesising a novel resorcarene tail-to-tail dimer is described. Various synthetic methods were attempted, and the use of different catalysts and resorcinol derivatives in the initial resorcarene condensation reaction were investigated. Some success was had with a step-wise approach and this led to the isolation of novel resorcinol dimers. In Chapter 3, work on octamethylresorcarenes is presented. A study of the conditions that favour different conformers is presented and discussed which led to the development of a synthetic method selective for the...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86515
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Mark
Development of chiral nanoparticles
(2008)
Moloney, M?che?l
Development of chiral nanoparticles
(2008)
Moloney, M?che?l
Abstract:
THESIS 9299
Symmetry and chirality are common occurrences in the natural world. Chiral compounds are extremely important in chemistry, biology and medicine. Chirality has also been envisaged to play an important role in nanotechnology. Most of the research in this field was focused on chiral organic and metallorganic molecules and their supramolecular structures. However, the area of chiral inorganic nanoparticles is currently in the very early stage of its development. There are only a limited number of publications on the preparation of chiral metal nanoparticles. Meanwhile, similar chiral nano-systems based on quantum dots (QDs) have not yet been reported at all. Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent semiconductor (e.g. II-VI) nanocrystals, which unlike metal nanoparticles have a strong characteristic spectral emission. This emission is tunable to a desired energy by selecting variable particle size, size distribution and composition o f the nanocrystals. QDs have recently attra...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86513
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Mark
Characterisation of n-ferrocenyl alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers
(2007)
O'Brien, Raymond
Characterisation of n-ferrocenyl alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers
(2007)
O'Brien, Raymond
Abstract:
THESIS 8445
The study of self-assembled monolayers and their applications in chemistry and materials science have been of interest since the early 1980's. Due to their stable and dense structure self-assembled monolayers have been investigated for uses in many applications including biosensors and electronics. Many other areas of academic research have been guided towards the understanding of fundamental relationships between structure and interfacial monolayer properties due to the vastness of potential applications. Research in polymer and electronics industries have highlighted the utilization of self-assembly in thin film technologies. The facility to modify the functionality of the constituent molecules makes self-assembled monolayers ideal for the investigations of fundamental principles governing molecular substrate interactions, intennolecular forces (van der Waal's interactions, hydrogen bonding, ?-? interactions), and molecule-solvent interactions that affect...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86550
Marked
Mark
Studies on novel chiral sulfones
(2008)
Lewis, Frank
Studies on novel chiral sulfones
(2008)
Lewis, Frank
Abstract:
THESIS 8462
The research carried out in the present study focuses mainly on the synthesis of some novel chiral sulfones and the studies of their potential applications as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric synthesis. This thesis is divided into four chapters: Chapter 1 summarises the different approaches to asymmetric synthesis with a particular focus on the chiral auxiliary approach . The most important chiral auxiliaries, including those derived from the chiral pool element camphor, are introduced and their modes of action and some illustrative applications in asymmetric synthesis are discussed. In addition , the chemistry of the sulfonyl functional group is summarised .
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86443
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Mark
Design and synthesis of DMAP-derived organocatalysts for enantioselective induction
(2007)
? D?laigh, Ciar?n
Design and synthesis of DMAP-derived organocatalysts for enantioselective induction
(2007)
? D?laigh, Ciar?n
Abstract:
THESIS 8579
The development of small organic molecules capable of mimicking enzymatic action (in an asymmetric catalysis context) is a challenge that is receiving widespread attention in contemporary organic chemistry. Herein we report the design and synthesis of a new class of chiral 4-N,N-dialkyaminopyridine acyl-transfer catalysts capable of exploiting both van der Waals (?) and H-bonding interactions to allow remote chiral information to stereochemically control the kinetic resolution of a diverse range (both aromatic and aliphatic) sec-alcohols with moderate to excellent selectivity (S = 6 - 30). A combination of optimisation, substrate screening, catalyst modification, spectroscopic and computational studies have clearly identified both hydrogen bonding and (intra as well as possibly also intermolecular) ?-pyridinium- ion interactions as playing a role in enantiodiscrimination for the (S)-a,adiarylprolinol derived catalysts.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86543
Marked
Mark
Calix[4]arene-based hosts for lanthanide and anion binding : synthesis and physical studies.
(2007)
Quinlan, Eoin
Calix[4]arene-based hosts for lanthanide and anion binding : synthesis and physical studies.
(2007)
Quinlan, Eoin
Abstract:
THESIS 8162
This thesis, entitled "Calix[4]arene-based hosts for lanthanide and anion binding: synthesis and physical studies" is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the chemistry of calix[4]arenes, an introduction to lanthanide-binding ligands, with emphasis on MRI application, and to anion sensing. The advantages to contrast agent development offered by the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of tumours is outlined. This chapter also describes the various intentions and aims of this work.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86590
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Mark
The synthesis of steroidal-based anion receptors and analysis of their binding properties
(2000)
Broderick, Shane
The synthesis of steroidal-based anion receptors and analysis of their binding properties
(2000)
Broderick, Shane
Abstract:
THESIS 5339
Chapter one is an introduction to molecular recognition and supramolecular chemistry; their origin and the history of their progress in recent years. It includes a brief account of the factors that must be considered when designing a receptor for anion recognition. This is followed by a discussion of the most important advances in this area published to date. The discussion is presented in four sections divided according to the type of bonding interactions predominantly exploited by the receptor. This chapter concludes with a description of the aims of the project. Chapter two outlines the first synthesis of a sulfonamido bis-carbamate derivative of methyl cholate synthesised by Justin Perry. This is followed by an alternative method of synthesis for this type of compound that can result in higher yields and allows easier to purification. The lipophilicity of these compounds is increased by derivatising the ester side chain of the host to ensure a full recovery of th...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86792
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Mark
Early and late transition metal comlexes incorporating p-Block oxo-anions
(2002)
Doyle, Robert P.
Early and late transition metal comlexes incorporating p-Block oxo-anions
(2002)
Doyle, Robert P.
Abstract:
THESIS 6560
The research presented in this thesis lies within the general area of supramolecular and coordination chemistry. More specifically, this project involved the synthesis of early and late transition metal complexes incorporating group 14 and 15 oxo-anions, with chelating polypyridyl ligands. The primary aim of the project was to construct complexes whereby paramagnetic metal centres were bridged by oxo-anions such as carbonate (CO3 2), phosphate and pyrophosphate (P04 3-, P2O7 4- respectively), arsenate (AsO4 3-) and hydroxide (OH-). The ability of these anions to mediate electronic exchange in multimetallic systems was studied. A secondary aim of the project was to study the oxoanions with an aim to understanding further there coordinating ability and their capacity to act as part of a donor/acceptor synthon through hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction and H-bonding. Finally, the ability of water to influence both the structure and function of the complexes was of majo...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/88817
Marked
Mark
Fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer sensing of anions using charge neutral chemosensors
(2003)
Glynn, Mark
Fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer sensing of anions using charge neutral chemosensors
(2003)
Glynn, Mark
Abstract:
THESIS 7452
The primary aim of this research was to design, synthesise and analyse anion sensors using fluorescence detectors. The thesis is spread over five chapters. Chapter one, the introduction begins with a brief back round to the area of supra molecular chemistry followed by an in depth analysis of the current research in the field of anion binding. Initially the examples, illustrations are of different host/guest systems developed, positively charged. Both metal free hosts and metal based hosts. This chapter also outlined the brief history of anion binding using fluorescence detector up to and including the most recent advances in this area. Chapter two deals with the thiourea and area based PET sensors designed with one binding site. This chapter outlines the various synthetic routes investigated in attempt to synthesis these hosts. The second and third chapter outlines the synthetic routes investigated in the attempts to synthesis mono and big based receptors respectful...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/88861
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Mark
Enantioselective receptors via one-bead one-compound combinatorial libraries
(2003)
Kelly, Patricia Amy
Enantioselective receptors via one-bead one-compound combinatorial libraries
(2003)
Kelly, Patricia Amy
Abstract:
THESIS 7366
Chapter 1 describes the overall aim of this project, which is to extend the range of steroid-based receptors synthesised by the Davis group, using the combinatorial chemistry approach instead of traditional design and synthesis methods. The importance of an efficient method of screening combinatorial libraries for "hits", and the application of such a technique to the discovery of steroid-based enantioselective receptors, are described in Chapter 2. The target assay, wherein a solid-phase bound combinatorial library o f receptors is exposed to racemic guest, of which each enantiomer is differentially colour-tagged, is also described. Chapter 3 describes a method whereby a semi-quantitative estimate of the enantioselectivity of individual bead-bound receptors may be obtained, by use of isotopically differentiated enantiomers.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/88909
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New studies in the synthesis and applications of pteridines
(2003)
Mc Donald, Thomas
New studies in the synthesis and applications of pteridines
(2003)
Mc Donald, Thomas
Abstract:
THESIS 7306
The work described in this thesis involved the study of two distinct areas of research within pyrimidine and pteridine chemistry. The first of these involved investigation of the pteridine biosynthetic pathway within the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The use of zebrafish for the study of embryonic development in vertebrates is a relatively new area of research, but this species is fast replacing Drosophila as the genetic model of choice aroimd the world today. The neural crest is responsible for some of the most important cells and developmental aspects of all vertebrates including humans.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/88949
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Bioremediation of unresolved complex mixtures in marine oil spills : an analytical perspective
(2000)
McGovern, E. (Evin) P.
Bioremediation of unresolved complex mixtures in marine oil spills : an analytical perspective
(2000)
McGovern, E. (Evin) P.
Abstract:
THESIS 5340
Unresolved complex mixture (UCM) is the fraction of some petroleums that cannot be resolved by conventional gas chromatography and is characteristic of biodegraded petroleum oils and some refined products such as lubricating oils. This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental biodegradation, and more specifically shoreline bioremediation, on the chemistry of UCM. A number of wet chemical and instrumental analytical methodologies, including gravimetry, urea adduction, spectroscopy, chrom atography and mass spectrometry, were evaluated for their suitability to monitor UCM compositional changes during the course of biodegradation trials. Six UCM rich oils were also characterised using these methods, three crude oils and three lubricating oils. In parallel, an investigation of microbial degradation of UCM in solution was carried out in the laboratory. Using respirometry trials, undefined consortia of natural marine micro-organisms enriched on UCM demonstra...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/88961
Marked
Mark
Coordination and hydrogen bonded networks featuring 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine
(2004)
Pascual, Eithne Tynan
Coordination and hydrogen bonded networks featuring 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine
(2004)
Pascual, Eithne Tynan
Abstract:
THESIS 7420
The research presented in this thesis lies within the general area of supramolecular and coordination chemistry. More specifically, this project involves the study of 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-H2dcbp) as a linker for the formation of extended networks, either via hydrogen bonding or coordination. Due to the insolubility of 4,4,'-H2dcbp all the reactions within this thesis were carried out under solvothermal conditions, or using a base to deprotonate the ligand under ambient conditions. Paramagnetic metal ions were employed throughout in order to study the 4,4'-dcbp ligand as a propagator of magnetic exchange.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89036
Marked
Mark
Novel colorimetric and fluorescent sensors for anions
(2010)
Duke, Rebecca M.
Novel colorimetric and fluorescent sensors for anions
(2010)
Duke, Rebecca M.
Abstract:
THESIS 9315
This thesis, entitled "Novel Colorimetric and Fluorescent Sensors for Anions" consists of six Chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction into the field of anion sensing using fluorescent and colorimetric sensors, within the realm of supramolecular chemistry. This chapter details the challenges involved in the development of receptors and sensors capable of detecting anions, as well as the various design principles explored. A brief overview of the recent developments within the field of anion sensing is also given. This is followed by a more focused review on the recently reported naphthalimide-based luminescent and colorimetric sensors for anions, where the anion recognition occurs through hydrogen bonding and/or deprotonation. Particular attention is paid to the work carried out within the Gunnlaugsson group, as well as the recent reports within the literature. The second half of the introduction focuses on the development of colorimetric and fluorescen...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/90112
Marked
Mark
Research and development in the synthesis of cyanoacrylates
(2010)
Gherardi, Stefano
Research and development in the synthesis of cyanoacrylates
(2010)
Gherardi, Stefano
Abstract:
THESIS 9000
This dissertation is aimed at developing a new synthetic chemistry suitable for the selective production of highly reactive, high yield and purified electron deficient enes in bulk quantities.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/90182
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