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Current Search:
All of 'Computer' and 'Science' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 151 - 175 of 1663 on page 7 of 67
Marked
Mark
Advanced Image Understanding and Autonomous Systems
(1992)
Vernon, David
Advanced Image Understanding and Autonomous Systems
(1992)
Vernon, David
Abstract:
TCD-CS-92-05
The ultimate goal of most image understanding systems is to produce an unambiguous 3-D representation of the local visual environment. This representation can then be employed by robotic systems to effect some meaningful action. A great deal of research effort is concerned with the development of visual and 'manipulative' representations, and their generative processes, which allow for the effective linking of such visual perception and robotic action. Part of the motivation for this effort is the desire to develop autonomous systems. It is argued in this paper that the requirements for the development of autonomous systems are not fully compatible with the current representation-based A.I. paradigm. While this approach is ideal for the construction of goal-oriented systems which function in environments that can be speci ed a priori, it does not, and cannot, address the problems encountered when adaptive, self-determining, autonomous systems are required....
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12779
Marked
Mark
Adaptation as a Selection Constraint On Analogical Mapping
(1993)
Keane, Mark T.
Adaptation as a Selection Constraint On Analogical Mapping
(1993)
Keane, Mark T.
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-28
In any given analogy, there are potentially a large number of possible mapping interpretations. One of the key issues in analogy research is how one of these mappings comes to be selected as optimal and used as the basis for the analogical comparison. It is well-established that structural factors, notably systematicity, can act as selection constraints on mapping. The present work tests to see if pragmatic and adaptation factors can also act as selection constraints on mapping. The selection of a mapping based on pragmatic factors proposes that people can exploit the higher-order, schematic structure of a domain to select one mapping over another. With respect to adaptation factors, the proposal is that a mapping will be selected if it is evaluated as being easily adapted relative to other competing mappings. Both of these predictions are tested in a novel, problem solving paradigm. The main finding is that adaptation factors do act as a selection constraint but th...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12941
Marked
Mark
Design Synthesis: A Model of Hierarchical Case-Based Reasoning
(1993)
Smyth, Barry; Finn, Donal; Keane, Mark T.
Design Synthesis: A Model of Hierarchical Case-Based Reasoning
(1993)
Smyth, Barry; Finn, Donal; Keane, Mark T.
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-29
A variety of artificial intelligence techniques have been used in attempts to automate design synthesis tasks. Two common approaches are case-based and decompositional design. While powerful techniques in their own right, their integration has lead to a new generation of design synthesis systems capable of tackling a larger range of problems with greater effectiveness. In this paper previous attempts at integrating these approaches are examined in a number of design systems. Although significant advances have been made, important shortcomings still exist. The main focus of this paper is to address the limitations of these design synthesis models. To this end Déjà Vu, a new hybrid model of design synthesis, has been developed and is described. Déjà Vu integrates decompositional and case-based approaches in a framework that exploits the power of experiential knowledge, and benefits from far greater domain applicability when compared to existing design techniques. Two ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12942
Marked
Mark
Retrieval Issues in Real-World CBR Applications How far can we go with discrimination-nets?
(1992)
Cunningham, Pádraig; Smyth, Barry; Finn, Donal; Cahill, Eamonn
Retrieval Issues in Real-World CBR Applications How far can we go with discrimination-nets?
(1992)
Cunningham, Pádraig; Smyth, Barry; Finn, Donal; Cahill, Eamonn
Abstract:
TCD-CS-92-37
In this paper we present a proposition and ponder a question. We propose that a useful perspective on analogical reasoning and CBR is to consider them on a continuum of abstraction of remindings. This is an alternative to the conventional view where CBR and analogical reasoning are seen as separate endeavours with analogical reasoning dealing with remindings between domains and CBR concerned with remindings within one domain. The question is how far towards the abstract end of the continuum can the index-based retrieval techniques that are effective in CBR be used (eg. discrimination networks). We are considering episode retrieval as a two stage process; the first stage being the initial filtering of the case base, and the second stage selecting the best case from this candidate set. We focus on the base filtering stage and conclude that discrimination networks are adequate for quite complex applications. However, problems arise when the system is required to suppor...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12758
Marked
Mark
Constraints on Analogical Mapping: A Comparison of Three Models
(1993)
Keane, Mark T.
Constraints on Analogical Mapping: A Comparison of Three Models
(1993)
Keane, Mark T.
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-24
Three theories of analogy have been proposed which are supported by computational models and data from experiments on human analogical abilities. In this paper, we show how these theories can be unified within a common metatheoretical framework which distinguishes between levels of informational, behavioural and hardware constraints. This framework makes clear the distinctions between three computational models in the literature (the Analogical Constraint Mapping Engine, the Structure-Mapping Engine and the Incremental Analogy Machine) . The paper then goes on to develop a methodology for the comparative testing of these models. In two different manipulations of an analogical-mapping task we compare the results of computational experiments with these models against the results of psychological experiments. In the first experiment, we show that increasing the number of similar elements in two analogical domains, decreases the response time taken to reach the correct ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12939
Marked
Mark
Complexity of Adaptation in Real-World Case-Based Reasoning Systems
(1993)
Smyth, Barry; Cunningham, Pádraig
Complexity of Adaptation in Real-World Case-Based Reasoning Systems
(1993)
Smyth, Barry; Cunningham, Pádraig
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-23
The essence of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) as a problem solving paradigm is that solutions are generated by adapting the solutions of similar problems rather than solving the problem from first principles. In this paper we present a categorisation of problem solving tasks, arranged according to complexity. In addition we categorise CBR systems according to the complexity of the adaptation process involved. We describe three CBR systems; a system for property valuation, a system for software design and a system for modelling in engineering analysis. We discuss the manner in which the advantage of a CBR solution to these problems shifts as the task becomes more complex and the complexity of the adaptation process changes.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12938
Marked
Mark
A Survey of Gesture Recognition Techniques
(1993)
Watson, Richard
A Survey of Gesture Recognition Techniques
(1993)
Watson, Richard
Abstract:
TCD-CS-1993-11
Processing speeds have increased dramatically, bitmapped displays allow graph ics to be rendered and updated at increasing rates, and in general computers have advanced to the point where they can assist humans in complex tasks. Yet input technologies seem to cause the major bottleneck in performing these tasks: under-utilising the available resources, and restricting the expressiveness of application use. We use our hands constantly to interact with things: pick them up, move them, transform their shape, or activate them in some way. In the same unconscious way, we gesticulate in communicating fundamental ideas: 'stop', 'come closer', 'over there', 'no', 'agreed', and so on. Gestures are thus a natural and intuitive form of both interaction and communication. This report develops the motivations for gestural input and surveys current gesture recognition techniques. A recognition technique under development at TCD,...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12658
Marked
Mark
Knowledge Engineering Requirements in Derivational Analogy
(1993)
Cunningham, Pádraig; Slattery, Seán; Finn, Donal
Knowledge Engineering Requirements in Derivational Analogy
(1993)
Cunningham, Pádraig; Slattery, Seán; Finn, Donal
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-21
A major advantage in using a case-based approach to developing knowledge-based systems is that it can be applied to problems where a strong domain theory may be difficult to determine. However the development of case-based reasoning (CBR) systems that set out to support a sophisticated case adaptation process does require a strong domain model. The Derivational Analogy (DA) approach to CBR is a case in point. In DA the case representation contains a trace of the reasoning process involved in producing the solution for that case. In the adaptation process this reasoning trace is reinstantiated in the context of the new target case; this requires a strong domain model and the encoding of problem solving knowledge. In this paper we analyse this issue using as an example a CBR system called CoBRA that assists with the modelling tasks in numerical simulation.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12921
Marked
Mark
Using CBR techniques to detect plagiarism in computing assignments
(1993)
Cunningham, Pádraig
Using CBR techniques to detect plagiarism in computing assignments
(1993)
Cunningham, Pádraig
Abstract:
TCD-CS-93-22
The problems of case retrieval in CBR and plagiarism detection have in common a need to detect close but not exact matches between exemplars. In this paper we describe a plagiarism detection system that has been inspired by ideas from CBR research. In particular this system can detect similarities between programs without performing exhaustive comparisons on all exemplars. Our analysis of similarity in this well controlled domain offers some insights into the kinds of profiles that can be used in similarity assessment in general. We argue that the choice of a perspicuous profile is crucial to any classification task and determining the best predictive features may require significant analysis of the problem domain.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12922
Marked
Mark
Trust Propagation in Small Worlds
(2003)
Gray, Elizabeth; Seigneur, Jean-Marc; Chen, Yong; Jensen, Christian D.
Trust Propagation in Small Worlds
(2003)
Gray, Elizabeth; Seigneur, Jean-Marc; Chen, Yong; Jensen, Christian D.
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-14
The possibility of a massive, networked infrastructure of diverse entities partaking in collaborative applications with each other increases more and more with the proliferation of mobile devices and the development of ad hoc networking technologies. In this context, traditional security measures do not scale well. We aim to develop trust-based security mechanisms using small world concepts to optimise formation and propagation of trust amongst entities in these vast networks. In this regard, we surmise that in a very large mobile ad hoc network, trust, risk, and recommendations can be propagated through relatively short paths connecting entities. Our work describes the design of trust-formation and risk-assessment systems, as well as that of an entity recognition scheme, within the context of the small world network topology.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12541
Marked
Mark
Exploiting Re-ranking Information in a Case-Based Personal
(2003)
Coyle, Lorcan; Cunningham, Pádraig
Exploiting Re-ranking Information in a Case-Based Personal
(2003)
Coyle, Lorcan; Cunningham, Pádraig
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-18
Intelligent software assistants are becoming more common in the e-commerce domain. We are working on a personal travel assistant. The goal of this application is to use case based reasoning to assist the user in arranging flights. It offers personalised service to its users and automatically learns their travel preferences. It stores these preferences in a user model that is directly related to the CBR process. It learns the user preferences by exploiting user feedback on sets of presented travel offers. When the user selects a preferred offer, the PTA establishes a preference ordering among the whole set. This ordering is calculated by measuring the similarity between the selected offer and each of the other offers. This ordering is used to rate these offers and store them in the user profile as cases. This ordering is also used to refine the user’s overall travel preferences by altering their personal similarity measure.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12558
Marked
Mark
Ad-hoc Internet Connectivity
(2003)
Curran, Eoin; Dowling, Jim
Ad-hoc Internet Connectivity
(2003)
Curran, Eoin; Dowling, Jim
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-20
For a large class of wireless networks connectivity to fixed services such as the internet will be essential. However, since nodes in a wireless network are mobile, their point of connectivity to a fixed network may be continuously changing. In many cases the route to the fixed network may involve multiple hops across other mobile nodes. This document is an overview of current developments and research in the area of ad-hoc networking and mobility as they relate to the integration of ad-hoc networks with fixed networks.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12559
Marked
Mark
State of the Art Review of Mobile Payment Technology
(2003)
McKetterick, David; Dowling, Jim
State of the Art Review of Mobile Payment Technology
(2003)
McKetterick, David; Dowling, Jim
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-24
[Introduction] Mobile payments will gain significant traction in the coming years as the mobile and payment technologies mature and become widely available. Various technologies are competing to become the established standards for physical and virtual mobile payments, yet it is ultimately the users who will determine the level of success of the technologies through their adoption. Only if it becomes easier and cheaper to transact business using mobile payment applications than by using conventional methods will they become popular, either with users or providers. This document is a state of the art review of mobile payment technologies. It covers all of the technologies involved in a mobile payment solution, including mobile networks in section 2, mobile services in section 3, mobile platforms in section 4, mobile commerce in section 5 and different mobile payment solutions in sections 6 to 8.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12580
Marked
Mark
Context Boosting Collaborative Recommendations
(2003)
Hayes, Conor; Cunningham, Pádraig
Context Boosting Collaborative Recommendations
(2003)
Hayes, Conor; Cunningham, Pádraig
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-26
This paper describes the operation of and research behind a networked application for the delivery of personalised streams of music at Trinity College Dublin. Smart Radio is a web based client-server application that uses streaming audio technology and recommendation techniques to allow users build, manage and share music programmes. Since good content descriptors are difficult to obtain in the audio domain, we originally used automated collaborative filtering, a ‘content less’ approach as our recommendation strategy. We describe how we improve the ACF technique by leveraging a light content-based technique that attempts to capture the user’s current listening ‘context’. This involves a two stage retrieval process where ACF recommendations are ranked according to the user’s current interests. Finally, we demonstrate a novel online evaluation strategy that pits the ACF strategy against the context-boosted strategy in a real time competition.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12579
Marked
Mark
Concept Discovery in Collaborative Recommender Systems
(2003)
Clerkin, Patrick; Cunningham, Pádraig; Hayes, Conor
Concept Discovery in Collaborative Recommender Systems
(2003)
Clerkin, Patrick; Cunningham, Pádraig; Hayes, Conor
Abstract:
TCD-CS-2003-38
There are two main types of recommender systems for e-commerce applications: content-based systems and automated collaborative filtering systems. We are interested in combining the best features of both approaches. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using the k-means clustering algorithm as a basis for automatically generating content descriptions from the user transaction data that drives the collaborative filtering process. Using the the partitions of the asset space discovered by k-means, we develop a novel recommendation strategy for recommender systems. We present some encouraging results for two real world recommender systems. We conclude by outlining our approach to automatically generating descriptions of the clusters and report on an experiment designed to test concepts generated for the SmartRadio recommender system.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/12598
Marked
Mark
A Definition of the Chidamber and Kemerer Metrics suite for UML. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2006-03
(2006)
McQuillan, Jacqueline A.; Power, James F.
A Definition of the Chidamber and Kemerer Metrics suite for UML. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2006-03
(2006)
McQuillan, Jacqueline A.; Power, James F.
Abstract:
Since there is no standard formalism for defining software metrics, many of the measures that exist have some ambiguity in their definitions which hinders their comparison and implementation. We address this problem by presenting an approach for defining software metrics. This approach is based on expressing the measures as Object Constraint Language queries over a language metamodel. To illustrate the approach, we specify how the Chidamber and Kemerer metrics suite can be measured from Unified Modelling Language class diagrams by presenting formal definitions for these metrics using the Unified Modelling Language 2.0 metamodel.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2391/
Marked
Mark
Digital Homes - Part One Creating a Home Network Infrastructure. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2008-03
(2008)
Kelly, Dermot
Digital Homes - Part One Creating a Home Network Infrastructure. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2008-03
(2008)
Kelly, Dermot
Abstract:
Abstract included in text
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2388/
Marked
Mark
Specifying Coupling and Cohesion Metrics using OCL and Alloy. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2008-02
(2008)
McQuillan, Jacqueline A.; Power, James F.
Specifying Coupling and Cohesion Metrics using OCL and Alloy. Technical Report NUIM-CS-TR-2008-02
(2008)
McQuillan, Jacqueline A.; Power, James F.
Abstract:
This report presents a MOF-compliant metamodel for calculating software metrics and demonstrates how it is used to generate a metrics tool that calculates coupling and cohesion metrics. We also describe a systematic approach to the analysis ofMOF-compliant metamodels and illustrate the approach using the presented metamodel. In this approach, we express the metamodel using UML and OCL and harness existing automated tools in a framework that generates a Java implementation and an Alloy specification of the metamodel, and use this both to examine the metamodel constraints, and to generate instantiations of the metamodel. Moreover, we describe how the approach can be used to generate test data for any software based on a MOF-compliant metamodel. We extend our framework to support this approach and use it to generate a test suite for the metrics calculation tool that is based on our metamodel.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2397/
Marked
Mark
Benchmarking the accuracy of reverse engineering tools for Java programs: a study of eleven UML tools. Technical Report: NUIM-CS-TR-2007-01
(2007)
Kearney, Steven; Power, James F.
Benchmarking the accuracy of reverse engineering tools for Java programs: a study of eleven UML tools. Technical Report: NUIM-CS-TR-2007-01
(2007)
Kearney, Steven; Power, James F.
Abstract:
Software Development is not always a “Green Field” process, and software developers often find themselves maintaining old code. UML CASE tools provide the ability to reverse engineer source code. Software developers may find themselves needing to reverse engineer some source code in order to understand its design. Since there are a number of UML CASE tools available, the question many organisations face is: Which one suits our needs best? To answer this question they will need to evaluate all the available tools, measure the results of this evaluation and rank the tools based on the evaluation.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2400/
Marked
Mark
A calculus for costed computations
(2011)
HENNESSY, MATTHEW
A calculus for costed computations
(2011)
HENNESSY, MATTHEW
Abstract:
We develop a version of the picalculus Picost where channels are interpreted as resources which have costs associated with them. Code runs under the financial responsibility of owners; they must pay to use resources, but may profit by providing them. We provide a proof methodology for processes described in Picost based on bisimulations. The underlying behavioural theory is justified via a contextual characterisation. We also demonstrate its usefulness via examples.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/53126
Marked
Mark
Uniqueness Typing for Resource Management in Message-Passing Concurrency.
(2010)
HENNESSY, MATTHEW
Uniqueness Typing for Resource Management in Message-Passing Concurrency.
(2010)
HENNESSY, MATTHEW
Abstract:
We view channels as the main form of resources in a message-passing programming paradigm. These channels need to be carefully managed in settings where resources are scarce. To study this problem, we extend the pi-calculus with primitives for channel allocation and deallocation and allow channels to be reused to communicate values of different types. Inevitably, the added expressiveness increases the possibilities for runtime errors. We define a substructural type system which combines uniqueness typing and affine typing to reject these ill-behaved programs.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/53125
Marked
Mark
Feedback Control Models and Their Application in Pedestrian Navigation Systems
(2009)
Yan, Lei; Pan, Zheng; Winstanley, Adam C.; Fotheringham, A. Stewart; Zheng, Jianghua
Feedback Control Models and Their Application in Pedestrian Navigation Systems
(2009)
Yan, Lei; Pan, Zheng; Winstanley, Adam C.; Fotheringham, A. Stewart; Zheng, Jianghua
Abstract:
Feedback control theory has been widely used in many fields; this paper introduces this theory into a model for a pedestrian navigation system. Based on the model, several feedback channels are designed and analysed using control theory. The pedestrian is not only a data receiver but also a data collector. All collected information is stored in a temporal database and can be used for spatial-temporal analysis. At the same time, feedback control theory can integrate all modules of the system as whole, which can help to improve the overall effectiveness. Based on information fed back and feedback control theory, the pedestrian navigation system will help users to "see more, understand better, and decide more quickly."
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2543/
Marked
Mark
Automatic Recognition of Head Movement Gestures in Sign Language Sentences
(2009)
Kelly, Daniel; Reilly Delannoy, Jane; McDonald, John; Markham, Charles
Automatic Recognition of Head Movement Gestures in Sign Language Sentences
(2009)
Kelly, Daniel; Reilly Delannoy, Jane; McDonald, John; Markham, Charles
Abstract:
A novel system for the recognition of head movement gestures used to convey non-manual information in sign language is presented. We propose a framework for recognizing a set of head movement gestures and identifying head movements outside of this set. Experiments show our proposed system is capable of classifying three different head movement gestures and identifying 15 other head movements as movements which are outside of the training set. In this paper we perform experiments to investigate the best feature vectors for discriminating between positive a negative head movement gestures and a ROC analysis of the systems classifications performance showed an area under the curve measurement of 0:936 for the best performing feature vector.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2548/
Marked
Mark
Segmentation and three-dimensional visualisation of digital in-line holographic microscopy data
(2009)
Molony, Karen M.; Naughton, Thomas J.
Segmentation and three-dimensional visualisation of digital in-line holographic microscopy data
(2009)
Molony, Karen M.; Naughton, Thomas J.
Abstract:
This paper demonstrates that transmissive or partially transmissive scenes imaged by digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) can be reconstructed as a threedimensional (3-D) model of the imaged volume from a single capture. This process entails numerical reconstruction, segmentation and polygonisation. Numerical reconstruction of a digital hologram captured using a DIHM set up is performed at equally spaced depths within a range. In the case of intensity modulating objects, segmentation of each of the reconstructed intensity images produces a contour slice of the scene by applying an adaptive threshold and border following. These slices are visualised in 3-D by polygonising the data using the marching cubes algorithm. We present experimental results for a real world DIHM capture of a partially transmissive scene that demonstrates the steps in this process.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2551/
Marked
Mark
Computing Modified Bessel functions with large Modulation Index for Sound Synthesis Applications
(2009)
Timoney, Joseph; Lysaght, Thomas; Lazzarini, Victor; Gao, Ruiyao
Computing Modified Bessel functions with large Modulation Index for Sound Synthesis Applications
(2009)
Timoney, Joseph; Lysaght, Thomas; Lazzarini, Victor; Gao, Ruiyao
Abstract:
Ordinary Bessel functions are a common function used when examining the spectral properties of frequency modulated signals, particularly in sound synthesis applications. Recently, it was shown that modified Bessel functions can also be used for sound synthesis. However, to limit the impact of aliasing distortion when using these functions, it is essential to set an upper limit on the frequency-dependent modulation index used when computing these functions. However, it can be impossible to do this beyond a certain threshold when using standard mathematical software tools such as Matlab, or the scientific toolbox of the Python language, because of numerical overflow issues. This short paper presents an approach to overcome this limitation using the MaxStar algorithm. Results are also presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this solution.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2552/
Displaying Results 151 - 175 of 1663 on page 7 of 67
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University of Limerick (17)
Dublin Institute of Technology (228)
Peer Review Status
Peer reviewed (1076)
Non peer reviewed (266)
Unknown (321)
Year
2012 (18)
2011 (158)
2010 (183)
2009 (258)
2008 (179)
2007 (139)
2006 (149)
2005 (131)
2004 (98)
2003 (68)
2002 (50)
2001 (41)
2000 (34)
1999 (42)
1998 (23)
1997 (12)
1996 (15)
1995 (18)
1994 (13)
1993 (15)
1992 (12)
1991 (4)
1990 (1)
1989 (1)
1988 (1)
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