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Displaying Results 45001 - 45025 of 50844 on page 1801 of 2034
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Evidence of aerobic and anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification in agricultural soils
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad
Evidence of aerobic and anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification in agricultural soils
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad
Abstract:
The International DASIM Conference “Tracing Denitrification”, Giessen, Germany, 12-14 March 2019
Agricultural soils may act as either a source or a sink for atmospheric methane (CH4) depending on soil type, aeration, water regimes, nutrient availability and environmental variables. The interaction between CH4 and nitrogen (N) has been identified as one of the major gaps in the global carbon (C) and N cycles. Methane is being considered as a low-cost electron donor for coexisting denitrifiers and the denitrification process may be coupled to either aerobic CH4 oxidation involving direct nitrate/nitrite reduction (partial denitrification), or anaerobic relating predominantly to nitrite/nitric oxide reduction (complete denitrification). It is evidenced from isotopic studies that CH4 production and oxidation could take place simultaneously in agricultural soils at water content above field capacity, linking to the presence of anaerobic microsites and aerobic-anaerobic interface. Thi...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9676
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Assessing the sensitivity of fertilizer types and soil variables on nitrous oxide emissions in permanent grasslands using the DNDC model
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Osborne, Bruce A.
Assessing the sensitivity of fertilizer types and soil variables on nitrous oxide emissions in permanent grasslands using the DNDC model
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Osborne, Bruce A.
Abstract:
The International DASIM Conference “Tracing Denitrification”, Giessen, Germany, 12-14 March 2019
The adoption and use of improved methodologies including models that reflect more robust emissions accounting procedures and the identification of specific mitigation options for agricultural greenhouse gases are a global concern. In Ireland, country-specific N2O emission factors (EFs) are constrained primarily by short-term measurements and limited coverage of regulating factors. Simulation of N2O emissions from grassland silage plots managed for 42 years with different slurry treatments was performed using the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC95) model. The objective was to assess the long-term impact of management practices on N2O fluxes and EFs, and the sensitivity of the outputs to key inorganic and organic fertilizer management and soil variables. The DNDC performed well for urea, cattle slurry and pig slurry applied at variable rates, delivering EFs on-average of 0.35±0.02, ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9677
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Conceptualizing ‘sense of place’ in cultural ecosystem services: A framework for interdisciplinary research
(2019)
Ryfield, Frances; Cabana, David; Brannigan, John; Crowe, Tasman
Conceptualizing ‘sense of place’ in cultural ecosystem services: A framework for interdisciplinary research
(2019)
Ryfield, Frances; Cabana, David; Brannigan, John; Crowe, Tasman
Abstract:
In this paper we aim to establish a conceptual and practical framework for investigating sense of place as a category of cultural ecosystem services, drawing upon transdisciplinary research on assessing cultural value and ecosystem change in the Irish Sea. We examine sense of place as a material phenomenon, embedded in and expressive of the relationship between determining ecological conditions of particular locations and the determining social and cultural conditions of human habitation. Our emphasis on sense of place as a material phenomenon contrasts with the prevailing tendency in ecosystem services literature to treat cultural ecosystem services as ‘non-material’, ‘immaterial’, or ‘intangible’, and builds on a call to conceptualize cultural ecosystem services in ‘a more theoretically nuanced approach’ which yields practical means of researching and assessing cultural benefits (Fish et al., 2016a, p. 215). The paper emerges from a transdisciplinary project on ‘The Cultural Value...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9709
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Emerging food processing technologies and factors impacting their industrial adoption
(2019)
Priyadarshini, Anushree; Rajauria, Gaurav; O'Donnell, C. P. (Colm P.); Tiwari, Bri...
Emerging food processing technologies and factors impacting their industrial adoption
(2019)
Priyadarshini, Anushree; Rajauria, Gaurav; O'Donnell, C. P. (Colm P.); Tiwari, Brijesh K.
Abstract:
Innovative food processing technologies have been widely investigated in food processing research in recent years. These technologies offer key advantages for advancing the preservation and quality of conventional foods, for combatting the growing challenges posed by globalization, increased competitive pressures and diverse consumer demands. However, there is a need to increase the level of adoption of novel technologies to ensure the potential benefits of these technologies are exploited more by the food industry. This review outlines emerging thermal and non-thermal food processing technologies with regard to their mechanisms, applications and commercial aspects. The level of adoption of novel food processing technologies by the food industry is outlined and the factors that impact their industrial adoption are discussed. At an industry level, the technological capabilities of individual companies, their size, market share as well as their absorptive capacity impact adoption of a...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9673
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An American Solution to an Irish Problem: A Consideration of the Material Conditions that Shape the Architecture of Union Organizing
(2019)
Geary, John; Gamwell, Sophie
An American Solution to an Irish Problem: A Consideration of the Material Conditions that Shape the Architecture of Union Organizing
(2019)
Geary, John; Gamwell, Sophie
Abstract:
New models of union organizing have become an important instrument of union growth and renewal. We examine the transfer of US-developed organizing practices to Ireland. We enquire whether the practical experiences of SIPTU can be considered successful. In particular, we focus on the question: in what way is the architecture of union organizing shaped by the material conditions that affect workers' power? We look at three campaigns across three low-wage sectors (hotels, red meat processing and contract cleaning). The campaigns share a number of common properties, but differ in respect of the power resources available to employees and the shape of their outcomes. Using a most similar systems comparative research design, we identify a variety of causes which help explain the success and shape of the different organizing campaigns. Finally, we make a number of arguments in respect of how our findings link to debates about the future of trade unionism.
ICTU Newman Fellowship
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9666
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Strategic Management of Grazing Grassland Systems to Maintain and Increase Organic Carbon in Soils
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Francaviglia, Rosa; Henry, Beverley; et al.
Strategic Management of Grazing Grassland Systems to Maintain and Increase Organic Carbon in Soils
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Francaviglia, Rosa; Henry, Beverley; et al.
Abstract:
Understanding management-induced C sequestration potential in soils under agriculture, forestry, and other land use systems and their quantification to offset increasing greenhouse gases are of global concern. This chapter reviews management-induced changes in C storage in soils of grazing grassland systems, their impacts on ecosystem functions, and their adaptability and needs of protection across socio-economic and cultural settings. In general, improved management of grassland/pasture such as manuring/slurry application, liming and rotational grazing, and low to medium livestock units could sequester C more than under high intensity grazing conditions. Converting cultivated land to pasture, restoration of degraded land, and maximizing pasture phases in mixed-cropping, pasture with mixed-livestock, integrated forestry-pasturage of livestock (silvopastoral) and crop-forestry-pasturage of livestock (agro-silvopastoral) systems could also maintain and enhance soil organic C density (...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9672
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Turnover of Chicken Manure in Some Upland Soils of Asia: Agricultural and Environmental Perspectives
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Schmidhalter, U.; Gutser, R.
Turnover of Chicken Manure in Some Upland Soils of Asia: Agricultural and Environmental Perspectives
(2019)
Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Schmidhalter, U.; Gutser, R.
Abstract:
The International Workshop on Chicken Manure Treatment and Application (CHIMATRA), Hamburg, Germany, 19-20 January 2005
Recycling of organic manure/waste is an important global issue to improve soil productivity for sustaining agricultural production as well as to preserve the environment. In Asia, rearing of poultry especially chicken is becoming one of the key industrial sectors and the wastes from clean-out operations may contribute largely to plant nutrients. Thus, some recent research works on the use of chicken manure (CM) in the uplands of tropical Asia are reviewed. Relative loss of the added CM-C was averaged 83% during a 90-day incubation and in-situ retention of labile organic-C was poor in 2 years, signifying long-term episodes to sequestrate its inherent low C. Ammonification of the added CM was rapid during 1-2 weeks followed by oxidation of NH4+. The high pH of CM remarkably influenced nitrification either after a lag phase or immediately after application, ensui...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9674
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Soil-Atmosphere Exchange of NH3 and NOx in Differently Managed Vegetation Types of Southern Germany
(2019)
Weber, Andreas; Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Schraml, Martine; Gutser, Reinhold
Soil-Atmosphere Exchange of NH3 and NOx in Differently Managed Vegetation Types of Southern Germany
(2019)
Weber, Andreas; Khalil, Ibrahim Mohammad; Schraml, Martine; Gutser, Reinhold
Abstract:
Ammonia (NH3) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) emissions from soils and vegetation, and their subsequent deposition are key factors in global Nitrogen (N) cycling and have important functions in atmospheric and ecosystem degradation processes. To better understand their contribution, NH3 and NOx gases were simultaneously measured from differently managed vegetation types using a dynamic-chamber method. Biomass and N yields were higher from unfertilized clover-grass than fertilized oilseed radish. Summer cuts of clover-grass resulted in 137% higher biomass and 2.7-3.7% N concentrations than autumn cuts. Mulching reduced the re-growth and biomass production in clover-grass by 16% compared to cutting. The relative loss of NH3 through mulching was higher from the clover-grass (2.18%) than in the oilseed radish (0.08%). The total NH3 release over the four cuts of the clover-grass was 0.58% of the N removed. The influence of biomass-N, either mulched or cut, on the total NOx emis...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9675
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Mycotoxin binder increases growth performance, nutrient digestibility and digestive health of finisher pigs offered wheat based diets grown under different agronomical conditions
(2019)
Clarke, Louise C.; Sweeney, Torres; Curley, E.; Duffy, Sarah K.; Vigors, Stafford; Raja...
Mycotoxin binder increases growth performance, nutrient digestibility and digestive health of finisher pigs offered wheat based diets grown under different agronomical conditions
(2019)
Clarke, Louise C.; Sweeney, Torres; Curley, E.; Duffy, Sarah K.; Vigors, Stafford; Rajauria, Gaurav; O'Doherty, John V.
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a wheat-based diet, exhibiting different levels of mycotoxin contamination and the presence of a mycotoxin binder on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and digestive health in finisher pigs. Sixty-four pigs (38.7 kg (SD 3.48 kg)) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments: (T1) low quality wheat diet, (T2) low quality wheat diet containing 2 g/kg of a mycotoxin binder, (T3) high quality wheat diet, (T4) high quality wheat diet containing 2 g/kg of a mycotoxin binder. The inclusion of wheat was 500 g/kg. The mycotoxin binder used was a Hydrated Sodium-Calcium-Aluminum-Silicate, which also included calcium propionate and calcium formate. The low quality wheat grain had a higher level of zearalenone (233.02 vs. 33.36 μg/kg), aflatoxin (4.08 vs. 2.94 μg/kg) and ochratoxin (28.20 vs. 4.23 μg/kg). Pigs offered the low quality wheat diet had a lower average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.05), average daily feed intake (A...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9654
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The effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 and phytase inclusion on pig performance, bone parameters and pork quality in finisher pigs
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Kelly, Alan K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Gath, Vivian; Mon...
The effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 and phytase inclusion on pig performance, bone parameters and pork quality in finisher pigs
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Kelly, Alan K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Gath, Vivian; Monahan, Frank J.; O'Doherty, John V.
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing both phytase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D₃) on pig performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics, bone parameters and pork quality in finisher pigs. The experimental design was a 2 × 2 factorial comprising of four dietary treatments. One hundred and twenty pigs (60 male, 60 female) were blocked according to live weight and sex and allocated to the following dietary treatments: low P (4.81 g/kg) diet (basal) (T1); low P diet + phytase (T2); low P diet + 25-OH-D₃ (T3) and low P diet + phytase + 25-OH-D₃ (T4). Pigs supplemented with phytase had a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) (2.45 kg vs. 2.59 kg; p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (2.74 kg/kg vs. 2.85 kg/kg; p < 0.05) compared to pigs offered the nonphytase diets. Pigs offered phytase diets had a higher (p < 0.05) coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility (CATTD) of ash, phosphorous (P) and calcium (Ca...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9647
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Vitamin D-biofortified beef: A comparison of cholecalciferol with synthetic versus UVB-mushroom-derived ergosterol as feed source
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; O'Doherty, John V.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, A...
Vitamin D-biofortified beef: A comparison of cholecalciferol with synthetic versus UVB-mushroom-derived ergosterol as feed source
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; O'Doherty, John V.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, Alan K.; et al.
Abstract:
This study investigates dietary fortification of heifer feeds with cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol sources and effects on beef total vitamin D activity, vitamer, respective 25-hydroxymetabolite contents, and meat quality. Thirty heifers were allocated to one of three dietary treatments [(1) basal diet + 4000 IU of vitamin D3 (Vit D3); (2) basal diet + 4000 IU of vitamin D2 (Vit D2); and (3) basal diet + 4000 IU of vitamin D2-enriched mushrooms (Mushroom D2)] for a 30 day pre-slaughter period. Supplementation of heifer diets with Vit D3 yielded higher (p < 0.001) Longissimus thoracis (LT) total vitamin D activity (by 38–56%; p < 0.05) and serum 25-OH-D concentration (by 20–36%; p < 0.05), compared to that from Vit D2 and Mushroom D2 supplemented animals. Irrespective of vitamin D source, carcass characteristics, sensory and meat quality parameter were unaffected (p > 0.05) by the dietary treatments. In conclusion, vitamin D3 biofortification of cattle diets is the most...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9645
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The potential of cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 enriched diets in laying hens, to improve egg vitamin D content and antioxidant availability
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, Alan K.; O'Doherty, J...
The potential of cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 enriched diets in laying hens, to improve egg vitamin D content and antioxidant availability
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, Alan K.; O'Doherty, John V.; et al.
Abstract:
Sixty Hy-line brown hens were randomly assigned to four barns (n = 4) to investigate the effects of cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃) versus 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D₃) enriched diets on egg vitamin D concentration, antioxidant activity and egg quality parameters. Experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin square consisting of 4 experimental treatments and 4 experimental periods. The treatments were (1) 1500 IU of vitamin D₃ (2) 3000 IU of vitamin D₃ (3) 1500 IU of vitamin D₃ and 37.5 μg of 25-OH-D₃ (4) 75 μg of 25-OH-D₃ per kg of feed. Hens offered 75 μg of 25-OH-D₃ had a higher (P < 0.05) total vitamin D egg yolk content (5.06 μg/egg), and antioxidant activity compared to other dietary treatments. The results demonstrates that the enrichment of hen diets with 25-OH-D₃ may be a useful approach and may contribute between 25 and 33% towards total vitamin D daily requirements while also improving antioxidant status of eggs. Industrial relevance: Vitamin D deficiency is now regarded as a ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9652
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Effect of dietary seaweed extracts, galactooligosaccharide and vitamin E supplementation on meat quality parameters in finisher pigs
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Draper, Jennifer; McDonnell, Mary; O'Doherty, John V.
Effect of dietary seaweed extracts, galactooligosaccharide and vitamin E supplementation on meat quality parameters in finisher pigs
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Draper, Jennifer; McDonnell, Mary; O'Doherty, John V.
Abstract:
Fifty six pigs were assigned to 1 of 4 diets (n = 14) for 35 days pre-slaughter, to assess the effects on bacterial count, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fresh meat. The treatments were (T1) basal diet (BD), (T2) BD plus seaweed extract (SWE), (T3) BD plus vitamin E (Vit E) and (T4) BD plus galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). At slaughter longissimus dorsi (LD) steaks were excised and stored in modified atmosphere packs for a 14 day period. The supplemented diets improved the TAC of LD steaks until day 11 of storage while SWE samples exhibited the highest TAC throughout. A reduction (P < 0.05) in the level of LPO was observed in LD steaks from SWE and Vit E supplementation. Compared to basal diet, SWE and GOS exhibited lower bacterial count throughout storage. These results demonstrate the potential for the incorporation of SWE into muscle foods via the diet.
European Commission - Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9670
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Cholecalciferol supplementation in heifer diets increases beef vitamin D concentration and improves beef tenderness
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; O'Doherty, John; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, Alan...
Cholecalciferol supplementation in heifer diets increases beef vitamin D concentration and improves beef tenderness
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; O'Doherty, John; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Kelly, Alan K.; et al.
Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of cholecalciferol (vitamin D₃) supplementation on beef vitamin D activity, beef tenderness and sensory attributes. Thirty heifers were randomly allocated to one of three finishing dietary treatments [(T1) basal diet + 0 IU vitamin D₃; (T2) basal diet + 2000 IU vitamin D₃; and (T3) basal diet + 4000 IU vitamin D₃] for a 30 day period pre-slaughter. Vitamin D₃ supplementation linearly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25-OH-D3) concentrations (R2 = 0.48), Longissimus thoracis (LT) total vitamin D activity (R2 = 0.78) as well as individually vitamin D₃ (R2 = 0.84) and 25-OH-D₃ (R2 = 0.75). The highest vitamin D₃ inclusion diet (T3) had a 42% increase (P < 0.001) in LT vitamin D activity compared to the intermediate diet (T2) and a 145% increase over the lowest level diet (T1). Vitamin D₃ supplementation decreased LT shear (P < 0.05) force values after 14 days chilling. Sensory parameters were not affected (P > 0.05). In conclusion, thro...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9644
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The use of synthetic and natural vitamin D sources in pig diets to improve meat quality and vitamin D content
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Kelly, Alan K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Monahan, Frank J....
The use of synthetic and natural vitamin D sources in pig diets to improve meat quality and vitamin D content
(2019)
Duffy, Sarah K.; Kelly, Alan K.; Rajauria, Gaurav; Clarke, Louise C.; Monahan, Frank J.; O'Doherty, John V.; et al.
Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of synthetic and natural sources of vitamin D biofortification in pig diets on pork vitamin D activity and pork quality. One hundred and twenty pigs (60 male, 60 female) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments for a 55 d feeding period. The dietary treatments were (1)50 μg vitamin D₃/kg of feed; (2)50 μg of 25-hydroxvitamin D₃/kg of feed (25-OH-D₃); (3)50 μg vitamin D₂/kg of feed; (4)50 μg vitamin D₂-enriched mushrooms/kg of feed (Mushroom D₂). The pigs offered the 25-OH-D₃ diet exhibited the highest (P < 0.001) serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and subsequently exhibited the highest (P < 0.05) Longissimus thoracis (LT) total vitamin D activity. Mushroom D2 and 25-OH-D3 supplementation increased pork antioxidant status. The vitamin D₂-enriched mushrooms improved (P < 0.05) pig performance, carcass weight and LT colour. In conclusion, 25-OH-D₃ is the most successful source for increasing pork vitamin D activity, while M...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9646
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Characterization of dietary fucoxanthin from Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Foley, Barry; Abu-Ghannam, Nissreen
Characterization of dietary fucoxanthin from Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Foley, Barry; Abu-Ghannam, Nissreen
Abstract:
This study explored Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed as a potential source of dietary fucoxanthin which is a promising medicinal and nutritional ingredient. The seaweed was extracted with low polarity solvents (n-hexane, diethyl ether, and chloroform) and the crude extract was purified with preparative thin layer chromatography (P-TLC). Identification, quantification and structure elucidation of purified compounds was performed by LC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR (1 H and 13 C). P-TLC led purification yielded 18.6 mg/g fucoxanthin with 97% of purity based on the calibration curve, in single-step purification. LC-ESI-MS (parent ion at m/z 641 [M + H-H2O] +) and NMR spectra confirmed that the purified band contained all-trans-fucoxanthin as the major compound. Purified fucoxanthin exhibited statistically similar (p > 0.05) DPPH scavenging capacity (EC 50:12.9 μg/mL) while the FRAP value (15.2 μg trolox equivalent) was recorded lower (p < 0.05) than the commercial fucoxanthin. The promisi...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9642
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Identification and characterization of phenolic antioxidant compounds from brown Irish seaweed Himanthalia elongata using LC-DAD–ESI-MS/MS
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Foley, Barry; Abu-Ghannam, Nissreen
Identification and characterization of phenolic antioxidant compounds from brown Irish seaweed Himanthalia elongata using LC-DAD–ESI-MS/MS
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav; Foley, Barry; Abu-Ghannam, Nissreen
Abstract:
This study investigated Himanthalia elongata Irish seaweed as a natural resource for antioxidant compounds. The phenolic compounds from the seaweed were extracted using 60% (v/v) aqueous methanol and the crude methanolic extract was purified with liquid–liquid partition (LLP) followed by column chromatography (CC). Among the purified fractions/sub-fractions, LLP-CC-ethyl acetate sub-fraction exhibited the highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging (EC50, 2.4 mg/g) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) scavenging capacity (97.7%). Rapid characterization of the same sub-fraction by LC-DAD–ESI-MS/MS identified a total of 8 phenolic compounds namely hydroxybenzaldehyde (meta/para), phloroglucinol, kaempferol, cirsimaritin, gallic acid 4-O-glucoside, carnosic acid and gallic acid. The purified sub-fractions showed higher antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05) than the reference ascorbic acid, suggesting its possible application in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics for health promotion...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9643
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Optimization and validation of reverse phase HPLC method for qualitative and quantitative assessment of polyphenols in seaweed
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav
Optimization and validation of reverse phase HPLC method for qualitative and quantitative assessment of polyphenols in seaweed
(2019)
Rajauria, Gaurav
Abstract:
A simple reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP–HPLC) coupled to a diode array detector (DAD) and negative ion electrospray mass spectrometer (ESI–MS) method was developed for simultaneous identification and quantification of phenolic antioxidants in seaweed. The proposed method was validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), recovery and intermediate precision. The calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9909 to 0.9997 while the values of LOD (0.26–0.82 mg/L), LOQ (0.77–2.50 mg/L), recovery (≥97.2%) and precision in terms of retention time (%RSD ≤2.27) and peak area (% RSD ≤5.11) were satisfactory. Brown seaweed Himanthalia elongata used in this study was extracted with 60% methanol and the crude extract was cleaned with SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) cartridge. HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis of the SPE fraction allowed the identification of 7 phenolic compounds comprising phlorotannins, hyd...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9669
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Programme Note: The Cripple of Inishmaan at the Gaiety Theatre
(2019)
Jordan, Eamonn
Programme Note: The Cripple of Inishmaan at the Gaiety Theatre
(2019)
Jordan, Eamonn
Abstract:
The Joys and mysteries of the peculiar - a look into the life and portfolio of prolific Irish playwright, Martin McDonagh
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9798
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Soil respiration partitioning in afforested temperate peatlands
(2019)
Jovani-Sancho, A. Jonay; Cummins, Thomas; Byrne, Kenneth A.
Soil respiration partitioning in afforested temperate peatlands
(2019)
Jovani-Sancho, A. Jonay; Cummins, Thomas; Byrne, Kenneth A.
Abstract:
Understanding and quantifying soil respiration and its component fluxes are necessary to model global carbon cycling in a changing climate as small changes in soil CO2 fluxes could have important implications for future climatic conditions. A soil respiration partitioning study was conducted in eight afforested peatland sites in south-west Ireland. Using trenched points, annual soil CO2 emissions, and the contributions of root and heterotrophic respiration as components of total soil respiration, were estimated. Nonlinear regression models were evaluated to determine the best predictive soil respiration model for each component flux, using soil temperature and water table level as explanatory variables. Temporal variation in soil CO2 efflux was driven by soil temperature at 10 cm depth, with all treatment points also affected by water table level fluctuations. The effect of water table level on soil respiration was best accounted for by incorporating a water level Gaussian function ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10136
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Achievement in national scholastic examinations and its link with measured cognitive ability among a representative Irish sample
(2019)
O'Connell, Michael F.
Achievement in national scholastic examinations and its link with measured cognitive ability among a representative Irish sample
(2019)
O'Connell, Michael F.
Abstract:
The paper examines the relationship between cognitive ability at approximately seventeen years of age and academic achievement in a nationwide set of examinations taken prior to this time. The sample comprised 6,216 children who participated in wave 3 of the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) longitudinal study. Other variables assessed included gender, personality measures, household income, parental educational achievement, and school attributes. Up to ten variables made a statistically significant contribution in explaining achievement, but cognitive ability was by far the most important, followed by gender. Entering a cognitive ability measure taken in wave 2 of the longitudinal survey (four years previously) instead of wave 3 produced an almost identical outcome in a multiple regression. While boys outperformed girls on the cognitive measure, girls outperformed boys, with a small effect size, in educational achievement; this might be explained by girls’ higher scores on the dimensio...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9636
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Not All Sensors are Created Equal: A Framework for Evaluating Human Performance Measurement technologies
(2019)
Caulfield, Brian; Reginatto, Brenda; Slevin, Patrick
Not All Sensors are Created Equal: A Framework for Evaluating Human Performance Measurement technologies
(2019)
Caulfield, Brian; Reginatto, Brenda; Slevin, Patrick
Abstract:
Recent years have witnessed an explosion in the number of wearable sensing devices and associated apps that target a wide range of biomedical metrics, from actigraphy to glucose monitoring to lung function. This offers big opportunities for achieving scale in the use of such devices in application contexts such as telehealth, human performance and behaviour research and digitally enabled clinical trials. However, this increased availability and choice of sensors also brings with it a great challenge in optimising the match between the sensor and a specific application context. There is a need for a structured approach to first refining the requirements for a specific application, and then evaluating the available devices against those requirements. In this paper we will outline the main features of such an evaluation framework that has been developed with input from stakeholders in academic, clinical and industry settings.
Enterprise Ireland
Insight Research Centre
Irish...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9752
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Travelling-wave spatially periodic forcing of asymmetric binary mixtures
(2019)
Ó Náraigh, Lennon
Travelling-wave spatially periodic forcing of asymmetric binary mixtures
(2019)
Ó Náraigh, Lennon
Abstract:
We study travelling-wave spatially periodic solutions of a forced Cahn–Hilliard equation. This is a model for phase separation of a binary mixture, subject to external forcing. We look at arbitrary values of the mean mixture concentration, corresponding to asymmetric mixtures (previous studies have only considered the symmetric case). We characterize in depth one particular solution which consists of an oscillation around the mean concentration level, using a range of techniques, both numerical and analytical. We determine the stability of this solution to small-amplitude perturbations. Next, we use methods developed elsewhere in the context of shallow-water waves to uncover a (possibly infinite) family of multiple-spike solutions for the concentration profile, which linear stability analysis demonstrates to be unstable. Throughout the work, we perform thorough parametric studies to outline for which parameter values the different solution types occur.
European Commission Horizo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/9668
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Report on a Consultation with Children and Young People on Education for Sustainable Development
(2019)
McGillicuddy, Deirdre; Machowska-Kosciak, Malgosia
Report on a Consultation with Children and Young People on Education for Sustainable Development
(2019)
McGillicuddy, Deirdre; Machowska-Kosciak, Malgosia
Abstract:
A key recommendation from the National Strategy on Education for Sustainable Development (2014-2020) states that pupils and students should be consulted on the issue of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in order to inform future policy (Department of Education and Skills, 2014). This report presents findings from a consultation with pupils and students facilitated in a collaboration between the Department of Education and Skills (DES) and the Department of Children and Youth Affairs (DCYA). The DCYA has a dedicated Citizen Participation Unit, which takes the lead national role in ensuring that children and young people have a voice in the design, delivery and monitoring of services and policies that affect their lives. The DES developed a child friendly explanation of ESD, in collaboration with the Citizen Participation Unit of DCYA: “Education for Sustainable Development means what you learn in school to make the world a fairer and better place for everyone”. This definit...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10268
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Formulation, Characterization and Stability Assessment of a Food‐Derived Tripeptide, Leucine‐Lysine‐Proline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles
(2019)
Danish, Minna K.; Vozza, Giuliana; Byrne, Hugh J.; Frías, Jesús M.; Ryan, Sinéad M.
Formulation, Characterization and Stability Assessment of a Food‐Derived Tripeptide, Leucine‐Lysine‐Proline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles
(2019)
Danish, Minna K.; Vozza, Giuliana; Byrne, Hugh J.; Frías, Jesús M.; Ryan, Sinéad M.
Abstract:
The chicken‐ or fish‐derived tripeptide, leucine‐lysine‐proline (LKP), inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme and may be used as an alternative treatment for prehypertension. However, it has low permeation across the small intestine. The formulation of LKP into a nanoparticle (NP) has the potential to address this issue. LKP‐loaded NPs were produced using an ionotropic gelation technique, using chitosan (CL113). Following optimization of unloaded NPs, a mixture amount design was constructed using variable concentration of CL113 and tripolyphosphate at a fixed LKP concentration. Resultant particle sizes ranged from 120 to 271 nm, zeta potential values from 29 to 37 mV, and polydispersity values from 0.3 to 0.6. A ratio of 6:1 (CL113:TPP) produced the best encapsulation of approximately 65%. Accelerated studies of the loaded NPs indicated stability under normal storage conditions (room temperature). Cytotoxicity assessment showed no significant loss of cell viability and in vitro ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10332
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