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All of 'Electronic' and 'Engineering' in all fields;
1483 items found
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Displaying Results 201 - 225 of 1483 on page 9 of 60
Marked
Mark
State plane analysis of induction hob generators
(1994)
Carthy, Sean
State plane analysis of induction hob generators
(1994)
Carthy, Sean
Abstract:
Induction cooking hobs have greatly gained in popularity m Europe during the 1980's. This fact has focused attention on the particular problems encountered in their design. To this day, the design approaches remain largely empirical This thesis presents an analysis technique specially adapted to the induction hob generator The series resonant converter is seen to be widely used in the induction cooking application. As a first step, a technique for determining steady-state operation of the converter is presented. This is done for all the operation modes and control schemes encountered. The technique in question is based on the well known state plane but has been adapted for use in induction. This technique is then extended to make use of the properties of the state plane in order to demonstrate the behaviour of the converter under various load and control conditions. At this point, the didactic qualities of the state plane representation are exploited to their full in order to ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18402/
Marked
Mark
Analysis and modelling of the impact of plasma RF harmonics in semiconductor plasma processing
(2001)
Dewan, Nasim Ahmed
Analysis and modelling of the impact of plasma RF harmonics in semiconductor plasma processing
(2001)
Dewan, Nasim Ahmed
Abstract:
Reactive ion etching (RIE) has been used extensively in the last few decades in the microelectronics industry for integrated circuit fabrication. However, the monitoring and control of this process is quite challenging because the plasma process is complex and not fully understood The use of a newly developed Plasma Impedance Monitor (PIM) to monitor the RIE process is reported. The sensitivity and the usefulness of the PIM to detect the end pomt of a RIE are tested in a SF6 plasma m a capacitively coupled planar reactor with silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (S i0 2) samples. The measurement o f harmonic components of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are tested as parameters to monitor the RIE processes and detect the end point when a S i 02 layer on a Si substrate undergoes SF6 RIE. The parameter used for the end pomt detection is empirically modelled as a polynomial equation of the mput factors (1 e , RF source power, chamber pressure and gas flow rate) usmg the Box-Behnk...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18500/
Marked
Mark
PVD process modelling and deposition into sub-micron features
(1999)
Daniels, Stephen
PVD process modelling and deposition into sub-micron features
(1999)
Daniels, Stephen
Abstract:
Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) is a thin film deposition technique used to deposit dim films for a wide variety of applications. One key application area is the microchip fabrication process where PVD is used to deposit the various layers of metal which interconnect die devices on the mictochip. This study focuses on this application area and the emphasis is placed on using PVD deposited matenals to coat and fill deep sub-mtcton vias and contacts. Through a combination of modelling, simulation, and experiment it is shown that PVD will remain the technology of choice up to and beyond 0 25|Jm technology. Chapter 1 introduces both the PVD process and microchip fabrication. The basic physics underlying PVD is studied and this discussion is extended to film growth kinetics, variations of the basic PVD process, and alternative / rival processes. The microchip fabrication process is discussed and the role PVD plays in the larger picture is highlighted. This is followed by a discussion o...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18473/
Marked
Mark
Control system design by convex optimization
(2000)
Donnellan, J. Andrew
Control system design by convex optimization
(2000)
Donnellan, J. Andrew
Abstract:
This thesis deals with the Boyd-Barratt paradigm for feedback controller design. The Boyd-Barratt approach combines the Youla parameterization with convex optimization. In this thesis, their paradigm is accepted in its entirety, but a completely different numerical approach is adopted. An algorithm due to Akilov and Rubinov, which is in essence an abstract rendition of one of the famous algorithms of Remez, is used instead. This completely circumvents the need to compute derivatives or subdifferentials, which can be a difficult task. Instead, certain linear functionals must be computed, and this is generally quite straightforward. An attractive feature of the approach is that the code is much shorter and more elegant. The Boyd-Barratt paradigm has the disadvantage that an infinite dimensional Banach space must be truncated to a finite dimensional subspace prior to optimizing. This thesis also applies certain primal-dual techniques from functional analysis to study the implications o...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18516/
Marked
Mark
A real-time low-cost vision sensor for robotic bin picking
(2001)
Ghita, Ovidiu
A real-time low-cost vision sensor for robotic bin picking
(2001)
Ghita, Ovidiu
Abstract:
This thesis presents an integrated approach of a vision sensor for bin picking. The vision system that has been devised consists of three major components. The first addresses the implementation of a bifocal range sensor which estimates the depth by measuring the relative blurring between two images captured with different focal settings. A key element in the success of this approach is that it overcomes some of the limitations that were associated with other related implementations and the experimental results indicate that the precision offered by the sensor discussed in this thesis is precise enough for a large variety of industrial applications. The second component deals with the implementation of an edge-based segmentation technique which is applied in order to detect the boundaries of the objects that define the scene. An important issue related to this segmentation technique consists of minimising the errors in the edge detected output, an operation that is carried out by an...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18748/
Marked
Mark
Computation and applications of the structured singular value
(1997)
Hayes, Martin J. M
Computation and applications of the structured singular value
(1997)
Hayes, Martin J. M
Abstract:
This work develops a number of new algorithms for the computation of the convex estimate, ¿tco, of the structured singular value, fj. The basis for these algorithms lies in an application of the geometric form of the Hahn-Banach theorem Dual methods are shown to be more useful than their primal counterparts when determining Ha. In particular, a dual method based on a 1-norm optimisation strategy is shown to out perform its 2-norm based counterpart in terms of accuracy, reliability and speed. It is proven that this 1-norm dual method converges to /¿co. The algonthm has been successfully validated using a large selection of random, pseudo random and practically motivated problems. Improvements to the basic algorithm that significantly reduce computation times are outlined and analysed in some detail. This work presents new applications for \i /x provides a novel way of analysing, nonconservatively, the effect of uncertainty in component values on filter performance. It is shown that ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18837/
Marked
Mark
Network-oriented load control for SS.7/IN
(2001)
Jennings, Brendan
Network-oriented load control for SS.7/IN
(2001)
Jennings, Brendan
Abstract:
Intelligent Network (IN) systems are today the prevalent means of providing services based on manipulation of voice call set-up in the public telecommunications infrastructure. As INs are evolving into more dynamic and open service delivery platforms, it is becoming increasingly difficult to dimension them to meet the performance requirements of a dynamically changing set of services. This is leaving networks more susceptible to overloads, which result in end-user dissatisfaction and revenue loss for the operator. In this context, load control strategies that protect against harmful overloads, are of critical importance. Load control in IN systems and underlying Signalling System No.7 (SS.7) networks is characterised by node-oriented strategies centred on the protection of individual network resources, without regard to overall network performance. We argue that, given current and future increases in number and usage of IN services, node-oriented load controls cannot guarantee that...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18895/
Marked
Mark
The development and characterization of novel Pd/Sn ohmic contacts to n-type GaAs
(1997)
Islam, Md. Shafiqul
The development and characterization of novel Pd/Sn ohmic contacts to n-type GaAs
(1997)
Islam, Md. Shafiqul
Abstract:
A novel Ohmic contact system comprising of Pd/Sn metallizations has been developed for n-GaAs and systematically characterized using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Surface Profilometry measurements, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. Contact resistivities, pc, of the proposed metallizations are measured utilizing a conventional Transmission Line Model (cTLM) method. The Pd/Sn metallizations show lowest pc 5 2 18 3 in the range of low 10' Q-cm on Si-doped (2x10 cm ') n-GaAs. A Au overlayer improves the characteristics of the Pd/Sn Ohmic contacts. The Pd/Sn/Au contacts 6 2 display lowest pc in the range of low 10' Q-cm . The Pd/Sn and Pd/Sn/Au Ohmic contacts are very adhesive to the substrates. Both Pd/Sn and Pd/Sn/Au contacts exhibit improved characteristics when compared with alloyed Au/Ge/Au/Ni/Au contacts. The Pd/Sn and Pd/Sn/Au metalli...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18891/
Marked
Mark
Data fusion of nonlinear measurement data in the presence of correlated sensor to- sensor errors
(1993)
Al-Samara, Mansour Mohamed
Data fusion of nonlinear measurement data in the presence of correlated sensor to- sensor errors
(1993)
Al-Samara, Mansour Mohamed
Abstract:
Data fusion of nonlinear measurement data in the presence of correlated sensor-to-sensor errors is examined. The scenario involves three spatiallydistributed sensors making three noisy angle-ofarrival measurements on a signal emitted by a source whose position is to be estimated. The noisy angleof- arrival measurements from two of the sensors are triangulated to form a noisy position measurement in two dimensions. A second pair of sensor noisy angleof- arrival measurements are also triangulated to form a second noisy position measurement. Both of these noisy position measurements are nonlinear functions of the noisy angle-of-arrival measurements. Since there are three sensors SI, S2, and S3, sensor S2 is common to both triangulation process, causing a non-zero cross-correlation across both noisy nonlinear position measurements. Since the position measurements are nonlinear functions of the angle-ofarrival measurements, we must use a first-order approximation to the covariance matri...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19165/
Marked
Mark
An object-based approach to retrieval of image and video content
(2006)
Sav, Sorin Vasile
An object-based approach to retrieval of image and video content
(2006)
Sav, Sorin Vasile
Abstract:
Promising new directions have been opened up for content-based visual retrieval in recent years. Object-based retrieval which allows users to manipulate video objects as part of their searching and browsing interaction, is one of these. It is the purpose of this thesis to constitute itself as a part of a larger stream of research that investigates visual objects as a possible approach to advancing the use of semantics in content-based visual retrieval. The notion of using objects in video retrieval has been seen as desirable for some years, but only very recently has technology started to allow even very basic object-location functions on video. The main hurdles to greater use of objects in video retrieval are the overhead of object segmentation on large amounts of video and the issue of whether objects can actually be used efficiently for multimedia retrieval. Despite this, there are already some examples of work which supports retrieval based on video objects. This thesis invest...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19177/
Marked
Mark
A generic framework for colour texture segmentation
(2004)
Nammalwar, Padmapriya
A generic framework for colour texture segmentation
(2004)
Nammalwar, Padmapriya
Abstract:
This thesis proposes a novel method to combine the colour and the texture for colour texture segmentation. The objective of this research work is to derive a framework for colour texture segmentation and to determine the contribution of colour in colour texture analysis. The colour texture processing is based on the feature extraction from colour-textured images. The texture features were obtained from the luminance plane along with the colour features from the chrominance planes. Based on the above mentioned approach, a method was developed for colour texture segmentation. The proposed method unifies colour and texture features to solve the colour texture segmentation problem. Two of the grey scale texture analysis techniques, Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based filter approach were extended to colour images. An unsupervised fc-means clustering was used to cluster pixels in the chrominance planes. Non-parametric test was used to test the similarity ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19175/
Marked
Mark
Quality-oriented adaptation scheme for multimedia streaming in local broadband multi-service IP networks
(2003)
Muntean, Gabriel-Miro
Quality-oriented adaptation scheme for multimedia streaming in local broadband multi-service IP networks
(2003)
Muntean, Gabriel-Miro
Abstract:
The research reported in this thesis proposes, designs and tests the Quality-Oriented Adaptation Scheme (QOAS), an application-level adaptive scheme that offers high quality multimedia services to home residences and business premises via local broadband IP-networks in the presence of other traffic of different types. QOAS uses a novel client-located grading scheme that maps some network-related parameters’ values, variations and variation patterns (e.g. delay, jitter, loss rate) to application-level scores that describe the quality of delivery. This grading scheme also involves an objective metric that estimates the end-user perceived quality, increasing its effectiveness. A server-located arbiter takes content and rate adaptation decisions based on these quality scores, which is the only information sent via feedback by the clients. QOAS has been modelled, implemented and tested through simulations and an instantiation of it has been realized in a prototype system. The performanc...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19169/
Marked
Mark
Efficient pre-segmentation filtering in MRCP
(2005)
Robinson, Kevin
Efficient pre-segmentation filtering in MRCP
(2005)
Robinson, Kevin
Abstract:
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is an evolving MRI technique designed for the imaging of the biliary tree, a system of narrow ducts that collect bile, produced within the liver, store it in the gall bladder, and deliver it into the small intestine as needed. Current MRCP protocols, used to diagnose problems in this ductal system, generate cluttered and noisy, low resolution, non-isometric volume data, often with significant intensity non-uniformities. This combination of undesirable characteristics presents particular challenges for the application of automated image analysis techniques. This thesis examines the development, characterisation, and testing of novel and efficient pre-segmentation filtering procedures designed to achieve increased robustness and precision in the subsequent segmentation and analysis of the biliary tree from MRCP data. A focused set of image preprocessing algorithms has been developed so as to facilitate the operation of non-complex se...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19170/
Marked
Mark
An investigation into intelligent network congestion control strategies
(2000)
Lodge, Fiona
An investigation into intelligent network congestion control strategies
(2000)
Lodge, Fiona
Abstract:
This thesis examines the congestion control issues that arise in Intelligent Networks, when it is necessary to support multiple service types with different load requirements and priorities. The area of Intelligent Network (IN) congestion control has been under investigation for over a decade, but in general, the models used in this research were over-simplified and all service types were assumed to have the same priority levels and load requirements at the various IN physical elements. However, as the IN is a dynamic network that must process many different service types that have radically different call load profiles and are based on different service level agreements and charging schemes, the validity of the above assumptions is questionable. The aim of this work, therefore, is to remove a number of the classic assumptions made in IN congestion control research, by: • developing a detailed model of an IN, catering for multiple traffic types, • using this model to establish the ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18965/
Marked
Mark
Fractal block coding techniques in image compression
(1994)
Liu, Jinsong
Fractal block coding techniques in image compression
(1994)
Liu, Jinsong
Abstract:
Fractal block coding is a relatively new scheme for image compression. In this dissertation, several ádvanced schemes are proposed based upon Jacquin’s fractal block coding scheme. Exploiting self-similarity at different target block size levels is proposed which allows the self-similarity in the image to be exploited further. Smoother areas are coded with bigger target block sizes while fíne details are coded with smaller target block sizes. More image parts coded at a higher coding level will result in a lower bit rate. Removal of affine-block-wise self-similarity is proposed which includes block-wise self-similarity as a special case. With the utilisation of affineblock-wise self-similarity, the library is substantially enriched which results in a higher probability of coding a target block at a higher coding level. A very fast multi-level fractal block coding scheme exploiting affine-block-wise selfsimilarities is proposed. In the fast coding scheme, self-similarity in the very...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18964/
Marked
Mark
Investigation into the design of a remote maintenance system for clinical analysers
(2001)
Maher, E. G.
Investigation into the design of a remote maintenance system for clinical analysers
(2001)
Maher, E. G.
Abstract:
This is a thesis study of the design considerations involved in interfacing medical analysers to computer systems for remote monitoring. Most medical analysers provide a serial port connection for interfacing to a computer. Due to the limitations of this physical link, it is necessary for the interfacing computer to be within a radius of several metres. This computer can perform all the data monitoring and processing of the medical analyser. Monitoring the operational performance of a medical analyser can assist in maintenance programs. If it relays relevant data to a remote computer, a powerful remote maintenance and monitoring system can be developed when the remote monitoring computer collects data from a number of remote medical analysers. To satisfy the demands of remote maintenance and monitoring the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/P) network protocol was investigated. The existing worldwide base of support for this protocol on numerous platforms and its...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18979/
Marked
Mark
Active meshes for motion tracking
(2000)
Molloy, Derek
Active meshes for motion tracking
(2000)
Molloy, Derek
Abstract:
This thesis presents an integrated approach to modelling, extraction and tracking of deformable contour meshes through image sequences, with the aim of extracting motion information about the viewed scene. The thesis begins by reviewing the area of motion estimation in computer vision, leading to a review on the formulation and initialisation of active contour models. From this review the thesis develops and provides as its major contribution an active mesh structure that may be used for motion estimation. This active mesh structure approach is combined with feature matching to provide a stable, deformable motion tracking system for real-world scenes. This system is tested on various real-world scenes and varying conditions to provide extensive and rigorous experimental proof of the validity of the formulation. Further extensions to the system are implemented, including the use of multiple and region based active meshes. Future directions of research are also suggested.
http://doras.dcu.ie/19083/
Marked
Mark
Modelling and predictive control of a drum-type boiler
(1997)
Molloy, Barbara
Modelling and predictive control of a drum-type boiler
(1997)
Molloy, Barbara
Abstract:
Boilers generate steam continuously and on a large scale. Controlling the boiler process is extremely difficult - it is a highly nonlinear process, its dynamics vary with load and it is strongly multivariable. It is also inherently unstable due to the integrator effect of the drum. In addition, boilers are commonly used in situations where the load can change suddenly and without prior warning. Traditionally, boilers have been controlled by Single-Input, Single-Output (SISO) Proportional plus Integral (PI) controllers. This strategy does not take into account the interaction of the controlled variables or the effect of load on boiler dynamics. This work investigates whether boiler control can be improved by applying multivariable or nonlinear predictive control strategies. Predictive control is a model-based control strategy which is chosen for its ability to handle nonlinear, constrained and multivariable systems. Two nonlinear controllers are developed - a fuzzified linear pred...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19082/
Marked
Mark
Video coding for compression and content-based functionality
(1999)
Mulroy, Patrick Joseph
Video coding for compression and content-based functionality
(1999)
Mulroy, Patrick Joseph
Abstract:
The lifetime of this research project has seen two dramatic developments in the area of digital video coding. The first has been the progress of compression research leading to a factor of two improvement over existing standards, much wider deployment possibilities and the development of the new international ITU-T Recommendation H.263. The second has been a radical change in the approach to video content production with the introduction of the content-based coding concept and the addition of scene composition information to the encoded bit-stream. Content-based coding is central to the latest international standards efforts from the ISO/IEC MPEG working group. This thesis reports on extensions to existing compression techniques exploiting a priori knowledge about scene content. Existing, standardised, block-based compression coding techniques were extended with work on arithmetic entropy coding and intra-block prediction. These both form part of the H.263 and MPEG-4 specifications...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19108/
Marked
Mark
Visual perception an information-based approach to understanding biological and artificial vision
(1992)
Murphy, Noel
Visual perception an information-based approach to understanding biological and artificial vision
(1992)
Murphy, Noel
Abstract:
The central issues of this dissertation are (a) what should we be doing — what problems should we be trying to solve — in order to build computer vision systems, and (b) what relevance biological vision has to the solution of these problems. The approach taken to tackle these issues centres mostly on the clarification and use of information-based ideas, and an investigation into the nature of the processes underlying perception. The primary objective is to demonstrate that information theory and extensions of it, and measurement theory are powerful tools in helping to find solutions to these problems. The quantitative meaning of information is examined, from its origins in physical theories, through Shannon information theory, Gabor representations and codes towards semantic interpretations of the term. Also the application of information theory to the understanding of the developmental and functional properties of biological visual systems is discussed. This includes a review of t...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19121/
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Mark
A flexible, abstract network optimisation framework and its application to telecommunications network design and configuration problems
(2001)
Murphy, Sean
A flexible, abstract network optimisation framework and its application to telecommunications network design and configuration problems
(2001)
Murphy, Sean
Abstract:
A flexible, generic network optimisation framework is described. The purpose of this framework is to reduce the effort required to solve particular network optimisation problems. The essential idea behind the framework is to develop a generic network optimisation problem to which many network optimisation problems can be mapped. A number of approaches to solve this generic problem can then be developed. To solve some specific network design or configuration problem the specific problem is mapped to the generic problem and one of the problem solvers is used to obtain a solution. This solution is then mapped back to the specific problem domain. Using the framework in this way, a network optimisation problem can be solved using less effort than modelling the problem and developing some algorithm to solve the model. The use of the framework is illustrated in two separate problems: design of an enterprise network to accommodate voice and data traffic and configuration of a core diffserv...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19124/
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Mark
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays
(1996)
O'Dwyer, Aidan
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays
(1996)
O'Dwyer, Aidan
Abstract:
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays have been of interest to academics and practitioners for several decades. A full review of the literature for both model parameter and time delay estimation is presented. Gradient methods of parameter estimation, in open loop, in the time and frequency domains are subsequently considered in detail. Firstly, an algorithm is developed, using an appropriate gradient algorithm, for the estimation of all the parameters of an appropriate process model with time delay, in open loop, in the time domain. The convergence of the model parameters to the process parameters is considered analytically and in simulation. The estimation of the process parameters in the frequency domain is also addressed, with analytical procedures being defined to provide initial estimates of the model parameters, and a gradient algorithm being used to refine these estimates to attain the global minimum of the cost function that is optimised. The focus of...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19217/
Marked
Mark
Video object segmentation for future multimedia applications
(1998)
O'Connor, Noel E.
Video object segmentation for future multimedia applications
(1998)
O'Connor, Noel E.
Abstract:
An efficient representation of two-dimensional visual objects is specified by an emerging audiovisual compression standard known as MPEG-4. It incorporates the advantages of segmentation-based video compression (whereby objects are encoded independently, facilitating content-based functionalities), and also the advantages of more traditional block-based approaches (such as low delay and compression efficiency). What is not specified, however, is the method of extracting semantic objects from a scene corresponding to a video segmentation task. An accurate, robust and flexible solution to this is essential to enable the future multimedia applications possible with MPEG-4. Two categories of video segmentation approaches can be identified: supervised and unsupervised. A representative set of unsupervised approaches is discussed. These approaches are found to be suitable for real-time MPEG-4 applications. However, they are not suitable for off-line applications which require very accura...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19197/
Marked
Mark
Carbon nitride deposition by magnetron sputtering: structural, mechanical, electrical and optical properties
(2000)
Palazon, Miguel Alberto Monclus
Carbon nitride deposition by magnetron sputtering: structural, mechanical, electrical and optical properties
(2000)
Palazon, Miguel Alberto Monclus
Abstract:
Carbon nitride films were deposited using a magnetron sputtering technique based on the Penning type geometry. For deposition, graphite targets were used in a nitrogen/argon gas mixture. The technique employed consists of two opposing cathodes, with two very strong magnets placed behind them. The magnetic field created with this configuration, in conjunction with the electric field, provides a high ion flux at the substrate, which results in high deposition rates (up to 3fim/h) and increased nitrogen incorporation in the films (up to 45 at.% N). The effect of deposition parameters, such as nitrogen partial pressure (Npp), substrate bias, and deposition temperature on the film properties has been investigated. The effect of nitrogen addition on the structural properties of carbon nitride films has been characterised in terms of its composition, infrared and Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Nitrogen content in the films was measured by Rutherford Backscatteri...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19268/
Marked
Mark
Integration of 3D vision based structure estimation and visual robot control
(1995)
Prljaca, Naser
Integration of 3D vision based structure estimation and visual robot control
(1995)
Prljaca, Naser
Abstract:
Enabling robot manipulators to manipulate and/or recognise arbitrarily placed 3D objects under sensory control is one of the key issues in robotics. Such robot sensors should be capable of providing 3D information about objects in order to accomplish the above mentioned tasks. Such robot sensors should also provide the means for multisensor or multimeasurement integration. Finally, such 3D information should be efficiently used for performing desired tasks. This work develops a novel computational frame wo rk for solving some of these problems. A vision (camera) sensor is used in conjunction with a robot manipulator, in the frame-work of active vision to estimate 3D structure (3D geometrical model) of a class of objects. Such information is used for the visual robot control, in the frame-work of model based vision. One part o f this dissertation is devoted to the system calibration. The camera and eye/hand calibration is presented. Several contributions are introduced in this part...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19280/
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