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Current Search:
All of 'Electronic' and 'Engineering' in all fields;
908 items found
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Displaying Results 226 - 250 of 908 on page 10 of 37
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Application of Photopolymer Holographic Gratings
(2011)
Mihaylova, Emilia; Naydenova, Izabela; Sherif, Hosam; Martin, Suzanne; Toal, Vincent
Application of Photopolymer Holographic Gratings
(2011)
Mihaylova, Emilia; Naydenova, Izabela; Sherif, Hosam; Martin, Suzanne; Toal, Vincent
Abstract:
<p>Two optical set-ups for electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometry (ESPSI) using photopolymer diffractive optical elements are presented. Holographic gratings are recorded using an acrylamide based photopolymer material. Since the polymerisation process occurs during recording, the holograms are produced without any development or processing. In both ESPSI systems the photopolymer gratings are used to shear the image. In the first ESPSI system only one grating is used in combination with a sheet of ground glass. The distance between the grating and the ground glass can be used to control the amount of the shear. The sheared images on the ground glass are further imaged onto a CCD camera. In the second ESPSI system two gratings are used to shear the image. The gratings are placed between the object and an imaging lens in front of the CCD camera. The distance between the two gratings controls the size of the shear. The ESPSI system with two photopolymer holographic gr...
http://arrow.dit.ie/cieocon2/26
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Antenna Development for Radio Frequency Hyperthermia Applications
(2011)
Curto, Sergio, (Thesis)
Antenna Development for Radio Frequency Hyperthermia Applications
(2011)
Curto, Sergio, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>This thesis deals with the design steps, development and validation of an applicator for radio frequency hyperthermia cancer therapy. An applicator design to enhance targeted energy coupling is a key enabler for preferential temperature increments in tumour regions. A single-element, near-field approach requires a miniaturised solution, that addresses ergonomic needs and is tolerant to patient anatomy. The antenna war-field rriodality and the high-dielectric patient loading introduce significant analytical and computational resource challenges. The antenna input impedance has to be sufficiently insensitive to in-band resonant cletuning and the fields in the tissue can he targeted to selected areas in the patient. An introduction to the medical and biological background of hyperthermia is presented. The design requirements of antennas for medical and in particular for hyperthermia applications are highlighted. Starting from a conventional circular patch, the antenna evolved ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engdoc/38
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The Design And Clinical Use Of A Reflective Brachial Photoplethysmograph
(2002)
Maguire, Michael; Ward, Tomas
The Design And Clinical Use Of A Reflective Brachial Photoplethysmograph
(2002)
Maguire, Michael; Ward, Tomas
Abstract:
This report concerns the design and clinical use of a reflective brachial photoplethysmograph. A plethysmograph is an instrument to obtain tracings showing volume changes of a part of the body. Originally this related to volume variations due to blood circulation within the body part of interest. The instrument is said to have been invented by Mosso of Turin around 1870 [1], known in Italian as a "pletismografo", and first reported in Scientific American in July 1872. A photoplethysmograph is an optical detector that indicates the volume of blood in or passing through an area of tissue. By placing the photoplethysmograph at or near the site of a human artery the pulse waveform can be detected and measured. The photoplethysmograph can be transmissive or reflective. There are a variety of sites around the body that are commonly used for detecting the pulse waveform including the finger, the ear lobe, and the foot. The device developed in this work is a reflective detector th...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/38/
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Autocatalytic closure and the evolution of cellular information processing networks
(2009)
Decraene, James
Autocatalytic closure and the evolution of cellular information processing networks
(2009)
Decraene, James
Abstract:
Cellular Information Processing Networks (CIPNs) are chemical networks of interacting molecules occurring in living cells. Through complex molecular interactions, CIPNs are able to coordinate critical cellular activities in response to internal and external stimuli. We hypothesise that CIPNs may be abstractly regarded as subsets of collectively autocatalytic (i.e., organisationally closed) reaction networks. These closure properties would subsequently interact with the evolution and adaptation of CIPNs capable of distinct information processing abilities. This hypothesis is motivated by the fact that CIPNs may require a mechanism enabling the self-maintenance of core components of the network when subjected to internal and external perturbations and during cellular divisions. Indeed, partially replicated or defective CIPNs may lead to the malfunctioning and premature death of the cell. In this thesis, we evaluate different existing computational approaches to model and evolve chemi...
http://doras.dcu.ie/14810/
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Development of a Theoretical Decoupled Stirling Cycle Engine
(2009)
Cullen, Barry; McGovern, Jim
Development of a Theoretical Decoupled Stirling Cycle Engine
(2009)
Cullen, Barry; McGovern, Jim
Abstract:
<p>The Stirling cycle engine is gaining increasing attention in the current energy market as a clean, quiet and versatile prime mover for use in such situations as solar thermal generation, micro cogeneration and other micro distributed generation situations. A theoretical Stirling cycle engine model is developed. Using a theoretical decoupled engine configuration in which working space swept volume, volume variation, phase angle and dead space ratio are controlled via a black-box electronic controller, a model is developed that is to be used as a tool for analysis of the ideal Stirling cycle engine and the limits on its real world realisation. The theoretical configuration approximates the five–space configuration common in Stirling cycle analysis. It comprises two working spaces and three heat exchangers: hot side, cold side and the regenerator between. The kinematic crank mechanism is replaced with an electronically controlled motor/generator system, with one motor/genera...
http://arrow.dit.ie/dubencon2/2
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An investigation into appliance durability in the presence of power system distrubances
(2004)
McGovern, Steven R., (Thesis)
An investigation into appliance durability in the presence of power system distrubances
(2004)
McGovern, Steven R., (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>The increased trend towards miniaturisation and greater efficiency in electronic equipment has also resulted in increased susceptibility to power system disturbances. Such equipment has become less tolerant to supply transients and variations and as a result there has been an increase in consumer product damage complaints. Greater consumer awareness has seen power quality become a major issue for both the domestic user and the utility companies. Arising from these issues an approach from the Electricity Supply Board of Ireland was made to engage into an investigation of the effects of power quality disturbances at the low-voltage domestic level. On commencement of the research a study was made of power quality disturbances and the associated electromagnetic compatibility immunity (EMC) standards. Test limits and regimes from these standards have been used to carry out an investigation into the disturbance withstand capabilities of television, VCR and personal computer power...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engmas/24
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Investigation of Millimetre Wave Generation by stimulated Brillouin scattering for Radio Over Fibre Applications
(2008)
Junker, Markus, (Thesis)
Investigation of Millimetre Wave Generation by stimulated Brillouin scattering for Radio Over Fibre Applications
(2008)
Junker, Markus, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>The rising demand for greater bandwidth and increased flexibility in modern telecommunication systems has lead to increased research activities in the field of Millimetre Wave-Photonics. The combination of an optical access network and the radio propagation of high data-rate signals provides a solution to meet these demands. Such structures are also known as Radio Over Fibre Systems. They implement the optical Millimetre Wave generation in a central station and the transmission of radio waves via a remote antenna unit to the radio cell. The expected data rate is very high, due to the fact that both the optical and the radio-link provide a large transmission bandwidth. This dissertation concerns the investigation of a new and simple method for the flexible generation of Millimetre Waves for application in Radio Over Fibre systems. The method is based on the heterodyne detection of two optical waves in a photo detector. By externally amplitude modulating the optical wave, dif...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engdoc/10
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Electromagnetic Coupling Mechanism in a Layered Human Tissue Model as Reference for 434 MHz Medical Therapy Applicators
(2007)
Curto, Sergio; Ammann, Max
Electromagnetic Coupling Mechanism in a Layered Human Tissue Model as Reference for 434 MHz Medical Therapy Applicators
(2007)
Curto, Sergio; Ammann, Max
Abstract:
<p>In order to minimize exposure to human tissue, electromagnetic interaction with antennas has benefited from a lot of research since hand-held communication transceivers became widely used consumer products. On the other hand, medical applications have been exploiting the ISM (industrial scientific and medical standard) 434 MHz frequency band for therapeutic applications such as hyperthermia. Various antennas have been used in hyperthermia applicators but advanced designs depend on improved knowledge of the radiated antenna modes and interacting influence of human tissue. As a preliminary step towards analyzing antennas interacting with tissues in the near- and far-fields, this study reports on the coupling mechanism of a half-wavelength dipole at 434 MHz. This will provide an experimental method for researching more suitable and efficient antennas for medical applications.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/engschececon/15
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Thermal sprayed surface coatings and optical characterisation
(2006)
Xue, Yueqiang, (Thesis)
Thermal sprayed surface coatings and optical characterisation
(2006)
Xue, Yueqiang, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>This research work aims to establish the potential of defect detection of thermal sprayed surface coatings by using a newly developed optical non-destructive interferometric technique – Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometry (ESPSI), rather than using mechanical destructive testing methods and other non-destructive methods. This technique has been used in many industries for non-destructive testing (NDT). However, it is innovative to use this technique for NDT of thermal sprayed metal alloy coatings, especially those that are produced by flame powder spraying process. Investigations were carried out by the SUPERJET spray process, which was the flame powder spray process utilised in this research to produce coating samples. Recommendations have been made to optimise the thermal spraying process. Microstructure analysis of various surface coatings was conducted and discussions have been made based on the images obtained. Mechanical measurements were made on a numb...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engmas/6
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Fast and Simple High Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyser
(2008)
Lauterback, Kai-Uwe; Schneider, Thomas; Henker, Ronny; Ammann, Max; Schwarzbacher, Andr...
Fast and Simple High Resolution Optical Spectrum Analyser
(2008)
Lauterback, Kai-Uwe; Schneider, Thomas; Henker, Ronny; Ammann, Max; Schwarzbacher, Andreas Thomas
Abstract:
<p>A simple method for fast optical spectroscopy with high resolution is shown. The method is based on the narrowband Brillouin gain process in optical fibers.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/engschececon/18
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Unified Power Quality Conditioner: protection and performance enhancement
(2008)
Axente, Iurie, (Thesis)
Unified Power Quality Conditioner: protection and performance enhancement
(2008)
Axente, Iurie, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>The proliferation of power electronics-based equipment has produced a significant impact on the quality of electric power supply. Nowadays, much of the equipment is based on power electronic devices, often leading to problems of power quality. At the same time this equipment is typically equipped with microprocessor-based controllers which are quite sensitive to deviations from the ideal sinusoidal line voltage. Conventional power quality mitigation equipment is proving to be inadequate for an increasing number of applications, and this fact has attracted the attention of power engineers to develop dynamic and adjustable solutions to power quality problems. One modern and very promising solution that deals with both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). This thesis investigates the development of UPQC protection scheme and control algorithms for enhanced performance. This work is carried out on a 12 kVA prototype UPQC...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engdoc/11
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A New High Power Parallel Converter Scheme for Active Power Filters
(2004)
Basu, Malabika; Das, S. P.; Dubey, Gopal
A New High Power Parallel Converter Scheme for Active Power Filters
(2004)
Basu, Malabika; Das, S. P.; Dubey, Gopal
Abstract:
<p>A new topology for efficient utilisation of parallel converters as VAR compensators and active power filters (APF) for high power loads is proposed. Because of limited power handling capacity of individual devices, paralleling is the choice to increase rating of equipment, while keeping the THD of the current at the PCC within the agency specified standards. It has been reported in the literature that paralleling several converters, rather than switches, is more reliable in sharing of load. From this perspective, multilevel converters carry lot of weight, as their typical power circuit configuration limits the stress on individual devices to an appreciable extent. Also, they have the advantage of low switching frequency and full utilisation of switching devices, which is essential in high-power applications. These advantages have been utilised in parallel combination with a low-power high-frequency current-controlled APF, such that the higher order harmonics can be eliminat...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart2/1
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A Novel Framework for Radio Resource Management in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs
(2005)
Davis, Mark; Raimondi, Tristan
A Novel Framework for Radio Resource Management in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs
(2005)
Davis, Mark; Raimondi, Tristan
Abstract:
<p>In this paper we address the need to characterize and quantify resource usage in IEEE 802.11 WLANs in order to support radio resource management. We present a compact and intuitive framework for performance characterization and resource utilization that is based upon the concept of MAC bandwidth components. These MAC bandwidth components are directly related to the transmission rate and serve to quantify the resource requirements associated with accessing the wireless medium. We also introduce a graphical technique for presenting these MAC bandwidth components that illustrates how WLAN stations interact in contending for access to the wireless medium. We demonstrate the usefulness of this framework for radio resource management using a number of computer simulations based upon the emerging IEEE 802.11e QoS standard.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/commcon/28
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A Wireless Traffic Probe for Radio Resource Management and QoS Provisioning in IEEE 802.11 WLANs
(2004)
Davis, Mark
A Wireless Traffic Probe for Radio Resource Management and QoS Provisioning in IEEE 802.11 WLANs
(2004)
Davis, Mark
Abstract:
<p>The emergence of real-time services such as voice over IP (VoIP) and video streaming imposes stringent requirements on the performance of a network if quality of service (QoS) targets are to be achieved. In the case of wireless networks, some form of radio resource management (RRM) is typically required to allocate the available resources among the contending stations in accordance with their needs and respective priorities. A critical aspect of any RRM scheme is the ability to monitor resource usage and to determine the resource requirements on a per-station basis. In this paper we describe a wireless traffic probe for IEEE 802.11 WLANs capable of obtaining this information and presenting it in a compact and intuitive format. The probe also shows how the wireless stations interact with one another in competing for the resources of the WLAN in a clear and quantifiable way. The results from the WLAN traffic probe obtained in a series of video streaming test scenarios are als...
http://arrow.dit.ie/commcon/27
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An electro-oculogram based system for communication and control using target position variation
(2005)
Fitzmaurice, Ronan; Burke, Ted; De Paor, Annraoi
An electro-oculogram based system for communication and control using target position variation
(2005)
Fitzmaurice, Ronan; Burke, Ted; De Paor, Annraoi
Abstract:
In this paper we describe a novel mode of human computer interaction based on gaze tracking using the electro-oculogram (EOG). Despite the relative simplicity of recording this signal, it is often discounted as a reliable method of gaze tracking because of problems arising from changing sensitivity and DC drift. We describe an original technique, Target Position Variation (TPV), which addresses this issue by presenting moving icons which, when followed with the eye, create a corresponding pattern in the EOG signal which can be used to infer the correct gaze position and to compensate for variations in sensitivity.
http://arrow.dit.ie/teapotcon/8
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Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Optical Fibre Structures for Optical Sensing
(2009)
Hatta, Agus Muhamad, (Thesis)
Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Optical Fibre Structures for Optical Sensing
(2009)
Hatta, Agus Muhamad, (Thesis)
Abstract:
<p>This thesis describes theoretical and experimental investigations on all-fibre multimode interference (MMI) devices using a singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fibre structure for use as a new type of edge filter for a ratiometric wavelength measurement system and as novel stand alone sensors. The use of two edge filters, so called X-type edge filters based on SMS fibre structures in a ratiometric wavelength measurement system is proposed and demonstrated. The use of X-type edge filters can improve the resolution and accuracy of wavelength measurement compared to the use of one edge filter in a conventional ratiometric system. Several aspects of the SMS edge filters have been investigated, including the effect of misalignment the SMS fibre cores due to fabrication tolerances, polarization dependence, and temperature dependence. These aspects can impair the performance of a ratiometric wavelength measurement system. Several approaches have been proposed and demonstrated to...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engdoc/21
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Experimental study of high-temperature smectic- C FI2 phase in chiral smectic liquid crystals that exhibit phase-sequence reversal
(2008)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR; PANARIN, YURI PETROVICH
Experimental study of high-temperature smectic- C FI2 phase in chiral smectic liquid crystals that exhibit phase-sequence reversal
(2008)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR; PANARIN, YURI PETROVICH
Abstract:
We report the results of an experimental study of a recently observed phase sequence reversal of smectic-C<sub>FI2</sub><sup>*</sup> [SmC*(qT=1/2); a four layer antiferroelectric] phase appearing in the temperature range above the smectic-C* (SmC*) phase from the results of optical birefringence, spontaneous polarization, selective reflection, conoscopy, and dielectric spectroscopy. The SmC<sub>FI2</sub><sup>*</sup> phase is observed in an antiferroelectric liquid crystalline compound, 10OHF, in a temperature range above that of SmC* phase and is found to be thermodynamically monotropic, i.e., it appears only upon cooling from SmC<sub>alpha</sub><sup>*</sup> phase. This is also unstable as if it is once transformed to SmC* by the application of the bias, it does not return to its original state unless the sample is heated and cooled again in the absence of the bias. Nevertheless this phase is stabilized by the a...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/29915
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Flexible architecture software radio OFDM transceiver system and frame synchronization analysis
(2003)
DOYLE, LINDA; NOLAN, KEITH EDWARD
Flexible architecture software radio OFDM transceiver system and frame synchronization analysis
(2003)
DOYLE, LINDA; NOLAN, KEITH EDWARD
Abstract:
Abstract-In this paper, we present findings relating to frame synchronization algorithms for software radio based OFDM systems in addition to an overview of the design and implementation of an (OFDM) Software Radio based on a general-purpose processor (GPP) platform. The objectives of this work are to advance on existing research carried out in the area of reconfigurable wireless flexible architecture nodes, which are subject to multi-path fading, Doppler effects, and adjacent channel interference and have low cost yet robust and reliable operation requirements. We also include findings dealing with Bit Error Rate (BER) versus channel Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for BPSK and QPSK modulation schemes, and also the effect of non real-time Operating Systems (OS) running on GPPs on the transmitter processing time.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/29887
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Discriminitive Multi-Resolution Sub-Band and Segmental Phonetic Model Combination
(2000)
HARTE, NAOMI
Discriminitive Multi-Resolution Sub-Band and Segmental Phonetic Model Combination
(2000)
HARTE, NAOMI
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
A joint discriminative framework for multi-resolution sub-band HMMs and a hybrid segmental phonetic model is presented which combines independent likelihood scores using class dependent weightings trained to a minimum classification error criteria. This successfully extends the performance on a phonetic classification task to 76.3% compared to a full-band HMM score of 69.2%
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/25219
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Automated Segmentation of Torn Frames using the Graph Cuts Technique
(2007)
CORRIGAN, DAVID; HARTE, NAOMI; KOKARAM, ANIL CHRISTOPHER
Automated Segmentation of Torn Frames using the Graph Cuts Technique
(2007)
CORRIGAN, DAVID; HARTE, NAOMI; KOKARAM, ANIL CHRISTOPHER
Abstract:
Film Tear is a form of degradation in archived film and is the physical ripping of the film material. Tear causes displacement of a region of the degraded frame and the loss of image data along the boundary of tear. In [1], a restoration algorithm was proposed to correct the displacement in the frame introduced by the tear by estimating the global motion of the 2 regions either side of the tear. However, the algorithm depended on a user-defined segmentation to divide the frame. This paper presents a new fully-automated segmentation algorithm which divides affected frames along the tear. The algorithm employs the graph cuts optimisation technique and uses temporal intensity differences, rather than spatial gradient, to describe the boundary properties of the segmentation. Segmentations produced with the proposed algorithm agree well with the perceived correct segmentation.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/15559
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Discontinuous change in the smectic layer thickness in ferrielectric liquid crystals
(2007)
PANOV, VITALY; VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR; PANARIN, YURI PETROVICH
Discontinuous change in the smectic layer thickness in ferrielectric liquid crystals
(2007)
PANOV, VITALY; VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR; PANARIN, YURI PETROVICH
Abstract:
The temperature dependence of the thickness of thick free-standing films is studied using a high-resolution film thickness measurement technique. A small discontinuity in the temperature dependence of the smectic layer thickness at every phase transition between ferro-, ferri-, and antiferroelectric phases is observed. We show that the major contribution to it arises from a change in the smectic tilt angle.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/17665
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Investigations of nano-scale helical pitch in SmCá* and SmC* phases of a chiral smectic liquid crystal using differential optical reflectivity measurements
(2006)
PANOV, VITALY; VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Investigations of nano-scale helical pitch in SmCá* and SmC* phases of a chiral smectic liquid crystal using differential optical reflectivity measurements
(2006)
PANOV, VITALY; VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Abstract:
Differential optical reflectivity (DOR) was used to study the temperature dependence of the short helical pitch in freestanding films of a liquid crystal compound. The experimentally measured DOR signal was fitted using Berreman's 4×4 matrix method to get the pitch value in the smectic-C (SmC) phase. The results show continuous evolution of the pitch between the smectic-C* and SmC phases. In SmC, the pitch decreases as temperature increases and is found to level off at 16±1 smectic layers at the SmC to smectic-A* transition.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/17673
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Investigations of nanoscale helical pitch in smectic-C and smectic-C* phases of a chiral smectic liquid crystal using differential optical reflectivity measurements
(2006)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Investigations of nanoscale helical pitch in smectic-C and smectic-C* phases of a chiral smectic liquid crystal using differential optical reflectivity measurements
(2006)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Abstract:
Differential optical reflectivity DOR was used to study the temperature dependence of the short helical pitch in freestanding films of a liquid crystal compound. The experimentally measured DOR signal was fitted using Berreman’s 4 4 matrix method to get the pitch value in the smectic-C * SmC * phase. The results show continuous evolution of the pitch between the smectic-C* and SmC * phases. In SmC * , the pitch decreases as temperature increases and is found to level off at 16±1 smectic layers at the SmC * to smectic-A* transition.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/17669
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Mark
Feedback linearization and stabilization of second-order nonholonomic chained systems
(2001)
Ge, S.S.; Sun, Zhendong; Lee, T.H.; Spong, Mark W.
Feedback linearization and stabilization of second-order nonholonomic chained systems
(2001)
Ge, S.S.; Sun, Zhendong; Lee, T.H.; Spong, Mark W.
Abstract:
This paper presents a theoretical framework for nonregular feedback linearization and stabilization of second-order nonholonomic chained systems. By giving a new criterion for the problem of nonsmooth nonregular feedback linearization, it is proved that second-order chained systems are nonregular static state feedback linearizable. A discontinuous control law is obtained based on linear system theory and the inversion technique. The design mechanism is generalised to higher-order nonholonomic chained systems. Simulation studies are carried out to show the effectiveness of the approach.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1891/
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Mark
Smart PIN: performance and cost-oriented context-aware personal information network
(2010)
Lee, Seung-Bum
Smart PIN: performance and cost-oriented context-aware personal information network
(2010)
Lee, Seung-Bum
Abstract:
The next generation of networks will involve interconnection of heterogeneous individual networks such as WPAN, WLAN, WMAN and Cellular network, adopting the IP as common infrastructural protocol and providing virtually always-connected network. Furthermore, there are many devices which enable easy acquisition and storage of information as pictures, movies, emails, etc. Therefore, the information overload and divergent content’s characteristics make it difficult for users to handle their data in manual way. Consequently, there is a need for personalised automatic services which would enable data exchange across heterogeneous network and devices. To support these personalised services, user centric approaches for data delivery across the heterogeneous network are also required. In this context, this thesis proposes Smart PIN - a novel performance and cost-oriented context-aware Personal Information Network. Smart PIN's architecture is detailed including its network, service and ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/15086/
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