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Current Search:
All of 'Electronic' and 'Engineering' in all fields;
1480 items found
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Displaying Results 26 - 50 of 1480 on page 2 of 60
Marked
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A navigation aid for the visually impaired
(1997)
Kallewaard, Laurens P
A navigation aid for the visually impaired
(1997)
Kallewaard, Laurens P
Abstract:
The explosion of new technologies in recent times has created many as yet unexplored possibilities in the area of assistive technology. Assistive technology may be thought of as any technology that alleviates the affects of an impairment, disability or handicap. One of the greatest challenges facing designers of assistive technologies is to accurately define the user requirements. The background research chapter of this report attempts to define the user requirements for a navigation aid that can be used any person, regardless of visual ability, both through literature surveys and through dialogue with potential end users. The conclusions drawn from this research are used as a basis for an investigation into possible technological solutions, culminating in a technical summary. Subsequently, the design and implementation of a software package capable of providing environmental information and navigational suggestions is discussed in the final chapters The package is designed to be f...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18901/
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Object recognition for the visually impaired
(1997)
McGowan, Tommy
Object recognition for the visually impaired
(1997)
McGowan, Tommy
Abstract:
This project examines the possibility of applying machine vision research to aid visually impaired persons with the recognition of day to day objects. Background research into everyday problems for visually impaired persons was carried out to see how best machine vision could be developed to tackle these problems. Methods of extracting, storing and classifying shape and colour information were examined, implemented and tested. The best of these methods were combined into the prototype system which was then tested rigorously. The results obtained along with all the problems encountered are discussed in detail. The feasibility and recommendations for further development of this project are also discussed.
http://doras.dcu.ie/19043/
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High dynamic performance controller for an induction motor
(1988)
O'Driscoll, Seamus M
High dynamic performance controller for an induction motor
(1988)
O'Driscoll, Seamus M
Abstract:
The rugged and relatively inexpensive Induction Motor is becoming increasingly important for use in high performance servo motor systems. This thesis describes the complete design and implementation of an all digital Field Oriented Controller for a 1.5 KW Squirrel Cage Induction Motor. The classical steady state motor model and dynamic models in both D.Q. and Space Vector format are presented. A specific controller structure is selected, and tuned using Discrete-time design techniques. The Field Weakening technique is analytically investigated. Methods for rotor air-gap flux vector determination are reviewed. The sensitivity of the controller forward path to variations in the rotor time constant is studied. Equations for the corresponding errors in the torque and in the machine excitation level are derived. Simulation results, predicting the overall performance of the controller on the full, non-linear and cross-coupled D.Q. model of the motor are given. The influences o f Rotor Tim...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19526/
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Electrostatic simulation methodology for capacitive touch-screen panels
(2014)
Cannon, Barry
Electrostatic simulation methodology for capacitive touch-screen panels
(2014)
Cannon, Barry
Abstract:
In recent years, projected capacitance has become by far the most used method of touchscreen sensing in the consumer electronics industry. Touch screen panels (TSPs) consist of varying transparent layers of lens, substrate, adhesive and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrodes. ITO has become the material of choice for manufacturing TSPs due to its high conductivity and high transparency. A touch is detected when there is a change in mutual capacitance between transmitting and receiving electrodes embedded the touch-screen. As a core feature in all aspects of modern electronics, there is a constant need to reevaluate and customize existing designs. Utilizing computer simulations allows a designer to predict the behavior of a design without building the physical sensor. Simulations have 3 main uses for touch-screen developers. (1) Building and testing new prototype designs, (2) optimization of existing designs and (3) testing the linearity and uniformity of existing designs due to vendor p...
http://doras.dcu.ie/20201/
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On numerical methods for highly oscillatory problems in circuit simulation
(2009)
Condon, Marissa; Deaño, Alfredo; Iserles, Arieh; Maczynski, Kornel; Xu, Tao
On numerical methods for highly oscillatory problems in circuit simulation
(2009)
Condon, Marissa; Deaño, Alfredo; Iserles, Arieh; Maczynski, Kornel; Xu, Tao
Abstract:
We propose in this paper a novel technique for an efficient numerical approximation of systems of highly oscillatory ordinary differential equations. In particular, we consider electronic systems subject to modulated signals. A Filon-type method is proposed for use and compared with traditional trapezoidal rule and Runge–Kutta methods. The Filontype method is combined with the waveform relaxation technique for nonlinear systems. Preliminary numerical examples highlight the efficacy of this approach.
http://doras.dcu.ie/15245/
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Novel ultra-violet/blue optoelectronic materials and devices based on copper halides (CuHa)
(2012)
Cowley, Aidan
Novel ultra-violet/blue optoelectronic materials and devices based on copper halides (CuHa)
(2012)
Cowley, Aidan
Abstract:
Considerable research is being carried out in the area of wide band gap semiconductor materials for light emission applications in the UV/Blue (300-400 nm) spectral range. This project explores the novel use of the Copper Halides (CuHa), specifically γ-CuCl and γ-CuBr, I–VII wide band gap mixed ionic–electronic semiconducting materials with light emitting properties suitable for novel UV/blue light applications. This project details novel research carried out towards achieving single crystal growth of γ-CuCl from solution via Liquid Phase Epitaxy (LPE) based techniques. LPE growth runs are undertaken using an alkali halide flux compound (KCl) to depress the liquidus temperature of CuCl below its solid phase wurtzite-zincblende (β → γ) transition temperature for solution based epitaxy on lattice matched Si substrates (lattice constant of γ-CuCl (0.541 nm) is closely matched to that of Si (0.543 nm). Results show that the resulting KCl flux-driven deposition of CuCl onto the Si subs...
http://doras.dcu.ie/16696/
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Examination of solder bump reflow process and copper metallisation process induced stress distribution in silicon substrates using synchrotron x-ray topography, micro-raman spectroscopy and finite element modelling
(2003)
Kanatharana, Jarujit
Examination of solder bump reflow process and copper metallisation process induced stress distribution in silicon substrates using synchrotron x-ray topography, micro-raman spectroscopy and finite element modelling
(2003)
Kanatharana, Jarujit
Abstract:
Due to the fact that semiconductor devices have decreased significantly in geometry and increased enormously in electronic design complication, flip-chip packaging technology was launched to increase input/output (I/O) count, improve electrical performance, reduce packaging size, and to be cost effective. The Intel®Pentium®III microprocessor uses the popular ball grid array (BGA) packaging technique. The ball grid array (BGA) is one o f the most common flip-chip, packaging techniques used for microprocessor applications. However, mechanical stresses induced by the flip-chip process are a major concern for the reliability of such devices. In addition, Copper (Cu) is becoming the interconnect metal of choice and is rapidly replacing Aluminium alloys (Al/Cu) in the Integrated Circuit (IC) industry. However, mechanical reliability issues, such as those related to thermal strain are also a major concern. The aim of this thesis is to employ the application of white beam synchrotron x-ra...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17941/
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Growth and characterisation of wide-bandgap γ-CuCl on near lattice-matched Si
(2006)
O'Reilly, Lisa
Growth and characterisation of wide-bandgap γ-CuCl on near lattice-matched Si
(2006)
O'Reilly, Lisa
Abstract:
The need for blue and ultra-violet (UV) solid-state emitters and detectors has propelled the investigation of several wide-bandgap semiconducting materials y-CuCl is a wide-bandgap (Eg = 3 395eV at 4 K), direct bandgap, semiconductor material with a cubic zincblende lattice structure. A very large exciton binding energy (190meV), assures efficient exciton based UV emission at room temperature. Its lattice constant, acuci = 0 541 nm means that the lattice mismatch to Si (asi = 0 543 nm) is <0 5% implying that low defect-density heteroepitaxy of CuCl on Si should be possible. y-CuCl on Si - the growth of a wide-bandgap, direct bandgap, optoelectronics material on silicon substrate is a novel material system, with compatibility to current Si based electronic/optoelectronics technologies Poly crystal line y-CuCl thin films are grown on Si (111), Si (100), and glass substrates by physical vapour deposition X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirm that CuCl has a cubic zincblende struc...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18143/
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Development of a composite CAD package to predict and reduce EM radiation from a PCB
(1995)
Saha, Pran Kanai
Development of a composite CAD package to predict and reduce EM radiation from a PCB
(1995)
Saha, Pran Kanai
Abstract:
A composite CAD package to predict and reduce radiation from a printed circuit board (PCB) is presented in this thesis. The composite CAD package is implemented using an electromagnetic (EM) computation tool linked with other circuit design packages (CDPs) such as ORCAD (a schematic design package), PSPICE (a circuit simulation package) and Boardmaker (a board layout tool). Software is developed to link all the packages so that one can incorporate EMC verification in the design process of an electronic product. The well-known Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC) version 2 is used as an EM computation tool. In using NEC-2 to predict PCB radiation, the PCB is simulated as a loaded thin wire structure just above (but not contacting) the surface of an imperfect ground. An algorithm is developed and implemented to automate the geometrical modelling of a wire structure for NEC-2. The data required by NEC-2 ( geometrical, load and electrical) for prediction of PCB radiation can be obtain...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19347/
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The effects of sintering parameter to the microstructure and thermal properties of CuSiC composite for electronic packaging application
(2013)
Bukhari, M.Z.; Hashmi, Saleem; Brabazon, Dermot
The effects of sintering parameter to the microstructure and thermal properties of CuSiC composite for electronic packaging application
(2013)
Bukhari, M.Z.; Hashmi, Saleem; Brabazon, Dermot
Abstract:
Microelectronics and nano-electronics play a prominent role in current technologies and will do so to a greater extent in the future. The availability of suitable new materials for the electronic packaging is critical to the continuing advancement (miniaturisation and integration) of electronic components. As matter of fact, a plethora of new products/processes have been brought-in over the last few years. Much of the materials and microstructure research related to packaging has involved investigation toward better thermal management. Miniaturisation of electronic chips which have increasing functionality within the same package size has inducedsignificant increases in requirements for extraction of heat from the integrated circuit (IC). Packaging materials therefore have to be capable to conduct heat efficiently and at the same time have low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) to minimize the thermal stress and warping. Since copper (Cu) is a better thermal conductor than alumi...
http://doras.dcu.ie/20534/
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Investigation of stimulated Brillouin scattering effects in radio over fiber distribution systems
(2006)
Hu, Ling
Investigation of stimulated Brillouin scattering effects in radio over fiber distribution systems
(2006)
Hu, Ling
Abstract:
Because of the emerging demand for bandwidth, future wireless access networks are likely to use high frequency microwave signals as the access media. Hence, radiofrequency (RF) signals need to be processed and transmitted with higher bandwidth in many applications. However, the attenuation of RF signals in traditional transmission media increases rapidly when the frequencies of the signal increase. On the other hand, optical fiber has emerged as an alternative and promising transmission medium in which RF modulated optical carriers can be transmitted and distributed with very low loss. This kind of hybrid radio/fiber system or Radio over Fiber (RoF) system provides good synergy between optics and radio. This thesis first introduces optical and radio communication systems, and provides a review of the RoF systems for wireless access networks. The research then explores the effects of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) in RoF distribution networks, and shows that it can seriously ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17341/
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Power constrained test scheduling in system-on-chip design
(2004)
Gao, Liang
Power constrained test scheduling in system-on-chip design
(2004)
Gao, Liang
Abstract:
With the development of VLSI technologies, especially with the coming of deep sub-micron semiconductor process technologies, power dissipation becomes a critical factor that cannot be ignored either in normal operation or in test mode of digital systems. Test scheduling has to take into consideration of both test concurrency and power dissipation constraints. For satisfying high fault coverage goals with minimum test application time under certain power dissipation constraints, the testing of all components on the system should be performed in parallel as much as possible. The main objective of this thesis is to address the test-scheduling problem faced by SOC designers at system level. Through the analysis of several existing scheduling approaches, we enlarge the basis that current approaches based on to minimize test application time and propose an efficient and integrated technique for the test scheduling of SOCs under power-constraint. The proposed merging approach is based on ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17340/
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Delay-centric handover in SCTP
(2005)
Kelly, Andrew
Delay-centric handover in SCTP
(2005)
Kelly, Andrew
Abstract:
The introduction of the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) has opened the possibility of a mobile aware transport protocol. The multihoming feature of SCTP negates the need for a solution such as Mobile IP and, as SCTP is a transport layer protocol, it adds no complexity to the network. Utilizing the handover procedure of SCTP, the large bandwidth of WLAN can be exploited whilst in the coverage of a hotspot, and still retain the 3G connection for when the user roams out of the hotspot’s range. All this functionality is provided at the transport layer and is transparent to the end user, something that is still important in non-mobile-aware legacy applications. However, there is one drawback to this scenario - the current handover scheme implemented in SCTP is failure-centric in nature. Handover is only performed in the presence of primary destination address failure. This dissertation proposes a new scheme for performing handover using SCTP. The handover scheme being propos...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17956/
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Generic embedded sensor development: high-speed analogue preconditioning and data acquisition systems
(2006)
Leonard, Francis
Generic embedded sensor development: high-speed analogue preconditioning and data acquisition systems
(2006)
Leonard, Francis
Abstract:
The design of a high-speed, low-cost, generic analogue preconditioning system, which is capable of interfacing with a wide variety of transducers, is described. A multi-purpose, configurable data acquisition module, which is also capable of data generation, is presented. Software support is provided by advanced signal analysis and innovative presentation algorithms that are implemented on a powerful embedded digital signal processor. Precision voltage-feedback and high-speed current-feedback operational amplifiers are combined to form adaptable, front-end multi-stage composite amplifiers. These distinctive composite amplifiers retain the individual qualities of their incorporated parts. The amplifier’s output voltage range is designed to match a standard ADC input voltage range. Easy to implement data converter circuitry and front-end signal amplification components were implemented on a detachable printed circuit daughterboard. A resourceful method of interfacing allows a series o...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18008/
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Analysis of the structural and optoelectronic properties of semiconductor materials and devices using photoacoustic spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray topography
(2002)
Lowney, Donnacha
Analysis of the structural and optoelectronic properties of semiconductor materials and devices using photoacoustic spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray topography
(2002)
Lowney, Donnacha
Abstract:
This thesis deals with the characterisation of semiconductor materials and devices through two complimentary experimental modalities. Synchrotron X-ray topography and photoacoustic spectroscopy are rapid, non-destructive and non-invasive techniques. The former may be used to elucidate the strain within a crystalline material due to localised structural defects causing deviations in the recorded X-ray intensity; whilst the latter can indirectly probe the non-radiative de-excitation processes within the bandstructure by measuring pressure variations within the gas in contact with the sample. In the first half of this work, a review of the theoretical description of the photoacoustic effect in condensed matter samples is presented. This classical review is extended to encompass the photoacoustic effect in semiconductor materials. Criteria governing the design o f a spectrometer are then extracted. A photoacoustic spectrometer based on the gas-microphone technique, with a wide spectral...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18013/
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Performance controls for distributed telecommunication services
(2004)
McArdle, Conor J.
Performance controls for distributed telecommunication services
(2004)
McArdle, Conor J.
Abstract:
As the Internet and Telecommunications domains merge, open telecommunication service architectures such as TINA, PARLAY and PINT are becoming prevalent. Distributed Computing is a common engineering component in these technologies and promises to bring improvements to the scalability, reliability and flexibility of telecommunications service delivery systems. This distributed approach to service delivery introduces new performance concerns. As service logic is decomposed into software components and distnbuted across network resources, significant additional resource loading is incurred due to inter-node communications. This fact makes the choice of distribution of components in the network and the distribution of load between these components critical design and operational issues which must be resolved to guarantee a high level of service for the customer and a profitable network for the service operator. Previous research in the computer science domain has addressed optimal plac...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18047/
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Resource allocation for multimedia messaging services over EGPRS
(2003)
Nowicki, Edward
Resource allocation for multimedia messaging services over EGPRS
(2003)
Nowicki, Edward
Abstract:
The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new bearer service for GSM that greatly simplifies wireless access to packet data networks, such as the Internet, corporate LANs or to mobile portals. It applies a packet radio standard to transfer user data packets in wellorganized way between Mobile Stations (MS) and external packet data networks. The Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS) is an extension of GPRS, offering much greater capacity. These enhancements have allowed the introduction of new services like Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS). MMS enables messaging with full content versatility, including images, audio, video, data and text, from terminal to terminal or from terminal to e-mail. The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is the WAP Forum standard for the presentation and delivery of wireless information and telephony services on mobile phones and other wireless terminals. In this thesis it is indicated that efficient radio resource allocation is necessary fo...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18111/
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Audio/visual analysis for high-speed TV advertisement detection from MPEG bitstream
(2002)
Sadlier, David A.
Audio/visual analysis for high-speed TV advertisement detection from MPEG bitstream
(2002)
Sadlier, David A.
Abstract:
Advertisement breaks dunng or between television programmes are typically flagged by senes of black-and-silent video frames, which recurrendy occur in order to audio-visually separate individual advertisement spots from one another. It is the regular prevalence of these flags that enables automatic differentiauon between what is programme content and what is advertisement break. Detection of these audio-visual depressions within broadcast television content provides a basis on which advertisement detection may be achieved. This document reports on the progress made in the development of this idea into an advertisement detector system that automatically detects the advertisement breaks direcdy from the MPEG-1 encoded bitstream of digitally captured television broadcasts.
http://doras.dcu.ie/18205/
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Generation and optimisation of picosecond optical pulses for use in broadband communication systems
(2006)
Rensing, Marc
Generation and optimisation of picosecond optical pulses for use in broadband communication systems
(2006)
Rensing, Marc
Abstract:
The continued growth of the internet driven by the demand for media rich content and escalating IP traffic has been fuelling the massive growth in demand for bandwidth to handle very high data rates. In order to meet this demand for capacity, optical multiplexing techniques such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) and hybrid WDM/OTDM systems need to be utilised. The development of a source of wavelength tunable picosecond optical pulses with excellent temporal and spectral purity at high repetition rates is extremely important for use in such high-speed optical communication systems. The technique of gain switching a commercially available laser diode and self seeding it is shown to be one of the simplest and most cost effective methods of generating transform limited, wavelength tunable pulses with a high Side Mode Suppression Ratio (SMSR). This thesis examines the use of optical gain-switching for the generation of optical pulses ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18179/
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Generalised sensor linearisation and calibration
(2004)
Pasic, Amra
Generalised sensor linearisation and calibration
(2004)
Pasic, Amra
Abstract:
The aim of this work was to conduct a survey of current sensor measurement technologies and investigate sensor linearisation, cahbration and compensation methods m order to determine the methods most suitable for generic embedded sensor implementation. The thesis contains a comprehensive survey of sensor technologies and their interfacing requirements as a prerequisite for determining modules required by the generic embedded sensor interface. Different linearisation and calibration techmques are investigated and the most promising techniques, curve fitting and progressive polynomial calibration method, are then examined in greater detail and simulations performed to compare their performance. The fundamental limitations and trade offs in design and implementation on the microprocessor of these methods are studied. The design of the compensation module is also presented and its implementation on the microprocessor m the form of the C code is described. All methods are tested and im...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18153/
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Compromising emissions from a high speed cryptographic embedded system
(2003)
O'Rourke, Damien
Compromising emissions from a high speed cryptographic embedded system
(2003)
O'Rourke, Damien
Abstract:
Specific hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms have been subject to a number of “side channel” attacks of late. A side channel is any information bearing emission that results from the physical implementation of a cryptographic algorithm. Smartcard realisations have been shown to be particularly vulnerable to these attacks. Other more complex embedded cryptographic systems may also be vulnerable, and each new design needs to be tested. The vulnerability of a recently developed high speed cryptographic accelerator is examined. The purpose of this examination is not only to verify the integrity of the device, but also to allow its designers to make a determination of its level of conformance with any standard that they may wish to comply with. A number of attacks were reviewed initially and two were chosen for examination and implementation - Power Analysis and Electromagnetic Analysis. These particular attacks appeared to offer the greatest threat to this particular ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18146/
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Performance issues in hybrid fiber radio communication systems due to nonlinear distortion effects in laser transmitters
(2003)
Smyth, Frank
Performance issues in hybrid fiber radio communication systems due to nonlinear distortion effects in laser transmitters
(2003)
Smyth, Frank
Abstract:
With the increasing demand for broadband services, it is expected that hybrid fiber radio systems may be employed to provide high capacity access networks for both mobile and fixed users. In these systems, the radio frequency data signals are modulated onto an optical carrier at a mobile switching centre and then sent over fiber to a number of base stations, before being transmitted over air to the users. A possible method of generating the optical radio frequency data signals for distribution over fiber is to directly modulate the electrical signal onto an optical carrier using a laser diode. The major problem with this technique is that nonlinearities in electncal-to-optical conversion may seriously degrade the system performance. In this work we initially examined the distribution of a wideband code division multiple access signal (centered around 6 GHz) through an optically fed microwave system. Our results show that the adjacent channel leakage ratio is degraded from -52 to -3...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18226/
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A practical assessment of network orientated load control for the intelligent network
(2003)
Wathan, Navinder Singh
A practical assessment of network orientated load control for the intelligent network
(2003)
Wathan, Navinder Singh
Abstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to assess a new method of controlling load in Intelligent Networks (INs). This will be done through the analysis of experimentation results and comparison with existing methods of IN load control. This exercise will result in the investigation and validation of the proposed benefits being offered by this new methodology and the unveiling of its disadvantages. The methodology is known as network-orientated load control for the IN. Network-orientated load control is demonstrated using the MARINER Service Traffic Load Control System developed by the European Commission’s Advanced Communication, Technologies and Services (ACTS) Multi-Agent Architecture for Distributed Intelligent Network Load Control and Overload Protection (MARINER) Project. This system is shown to be a network-orientated load control application operating at the service level, built specifically for Intelligent Networks. Network-orientated load control is then assessed by deploying the ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18272/
Marked
Mark
Design of robust controllers for multivariable nonlinear plants
(2002)
Villegas, Javier Andres
Design of robust controllers for multivariable nonlinear plants
(2002)
Villegas, Javier Andres
Abstract:
This thesis deals with design techniques for robust non-linear multivariable systems. It describes and discusses some design techniques for such systems. First, one-loop-at-a-time design using the root locus method is considered. The disadvantages of this approach are outlined. Next, some gain-schedulmg controllers are designed for each loop. Then, a multivariable optimization approach is taken. Software to find the frequency domain solution of the two-block weightedmixed- sensitivity problem using the Youla Parameterisation and Smith-McMillan form is developed. This two-variable problem decouples into two single-variable problems, corresponding to optimizing at the input and output of the plant. The fundamental limitations and the trade-offs in design are studied at the input and output of the plant. A11 controllers are tested and implemented on the inverted pendulum-cart apparatus, an unstable single-input two-output system.
http://doras.dcu.ie/18259/
Marked
Mark
Block level voltage
(2004)
Weng, Li-Chuan
Block level voltage
(2004)
Weng, Li-Chuan
Abstract:
Over the past years, state-of-art power optimization methods move towards higher abstraction levels that result in more efficient power savings. Among existing power optimization approaches, dynamic power management (DPM) is considered to be one of the most effective strategies. Depending on abstraction levels, DPM can be implemented in different formats but here we focus on scheduling that is more suitable for real-time system design use. This differs from the concurrent scheduling approaches that start from either the HLS (High-Level Synthesis) or RTS (Real-Time System) point of view, we propose a synergy solution of both approaches, namely block-level voltage/frequency scheduling (BLVFS). The presented block-level voltage/ frequency scheduling approach shows a generic solution for low power SoC (System on Chip) system design while the approaches which belong to the HLS and RTS categories have a strong dependency on the system functionalities. Consider a SoC as a combination of he...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18275/
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