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'Irish' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 126 - 150 of 19492 on page 6 of 780
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The Valuation Effects of Cross-Listing Abroad for Irish Firms
(2009)
O'Connor, Thomas G.
The Valuation Effects of Cross-Listing Abroad for Irish Firms
(2009)
O'Connor, Thomas G.
Abstract:
The number of Irish firms cross-listed on international exchanges remains low, relative to other countries. However, as a proportion of those firms eligible to list, Irish firms are, relative to others, more likely to list abroad. Surprisingly, Doidge, Karolyi and Stulz (2004) show that in 1997 US exchange-traded Irish firms are worth less than domestic Irish firms, a result at odds with what we might have expected and with the predictions of the legal bonding hypothesis. In this paper, I show that listing abroad, in both London (AIM listing only) and the US (both Level 1 and Level 2), does enhance the value of Irish firms. I find that cross-listing leads to an average ‘within-firm’ change in the value of Level 2 firms in the region of 19.65 per cent (using market-to-book of assets). As expected, the change in value experienced by Level 1 firms is smaller (14.93 per cent). Like Doidge, Karolyi and Stulz (2009), I do not find that an ordinary listing in London enhances value. Surpris...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8499/
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Strategic, unaffordability and dual-trigger default in the Irish mortgage market
(2015)
Connor, Gregory; Flavin, Thomas
Strategic, unaffordability and dual-trigger default in the Irish mortgage market
(2015)
Connor, Gregory; Flavin, Thomas
Abstract:
A mortgage holder whose property is worth less than the repayment value of the mortgage may decide to strategically default, i.e., renege on the cash flow liability of the mortgage loan and surrender the property to the mortgage issuer. In other circumstances a mortgage holder may default due to personal income decline which makes payment infeasible (unaffordability default) or for a combination of strategic and affordability causes (dual-trigger default). This paper utilizes a database of troubled Irish mortgages to model the default decisions of Irish mortgage holders. We include both affordabilityrelated and strategic-related explanatory variables. We find that both types of explanatory variables play a role in the explosive growth in Irish mortgage default after the Irish banking crisis and temporary legal prohibition of property repossession. We find that a dual-trigger model of default best fits the Irish data. Given the unusual features of the Irish market, our findings both ...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/7989/
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Replanting Ireland: Parliamentary debate and expert literature on Irish state forestry 1922 to 1939
(2020)
Duff Garvey, Margaret
Replanting Ireland: Parliamentary debate and expert literature on Irish state forestry 1922 to 1939
(2020)
Duff Garvey, Margaret
Abstract:
This research is focused on forest-related discourse in the Irish Parliament and in expert literature around the time of the foundation of the Irish state in 1922. In contrast to most European Countries, but in tandem with the British Isles, Ireland committed its twentieth century tree planting program to North American conifer plantation development, recorded in Irish state forest histories. In the field of environmental history, this research queries the origins and assumptions of this successful program that has dominated Irish state forestry over the twentieth century, excluding native woodland development and public input. It addresses the challenges of locating and analysing sources that record views other than those of the institution. The research is based on analysis of forest-related parliamentary debates and questions using an innovative approach with the assistance of text coding MaxQDA software. The complexity of participants perceptions on trees, woods and their uses, ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93227
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Building the complete dancer: optimising health, performance and longevity in Irish dance
(2020)
Cahalan, Róisin Máire; O'Sullivan, Kieran; Redding, Emma; Quin, Edel; Ni Bhriain, ...
Building the complete dancer: optimising health, performance and longevity in Irish dance
(2020)
Cahalan, Róisin Máire; O'Sullivan, Kieran; Redding, Emma; Quin, Edel; Ni Bhriain, Orfhlaith; O'Sullivan, Peter B.; Challis, Jasmine
Abstract:
Irish dance is amongst Ireland’s most successful cultural exports, with current figures showing over 10,000 qualified Irish dancing teachers operating in thousands of schools in over 30 countries internationally1 . The decades since Riverdance, the critically acclaimed Irish music and dance stage show, have seen monumental developments in the complexity of Irish dance. This has precipitated markedly increased injury incidence, comparable to that in ballet and contemporary dance [Ref 1-4]. The biopsychosocial benefits of dancing have long been established, across genres and in both elite and nonelite cohorts. However, levels of pain and injury can be significant in elite dancers. Studies in Irish dance have recorded injury rates of 82.1% in adult elite cohorts over the previous year which compares to rates of approximately 80% in dancers from other elite genres. Direct comparisons of dancers in the same study showed that at least one injury was reported by 83.3% and 92.6% of contempo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/9415
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Nature tourism and Irish film
(2006)
Brereton, Pat
Nature tourism and Irish film
(2006)
Brereton, Pat
Abstract:
This article provides a historical overview and reading of seminal Irish film from the perspective of nature tourism. Within Irish cultural studies, tourism is frequently equated with an overly romantic image of the island, which has been used to sell the country abroad. However, using notions like the tourist gaze and taking on board influential debates around space/place, one can posit a more progressive environmental vision of nature and landscape in our readings of film.
http://doras.dcu.ie/4089/
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The alternative within the mainstream: a critical analysis of some recent Irish films
(2005)
Fennell, Nicholas
The alternative within the mainstream: a critical analysis of some recent Irish films
(2005)
Fennell, Nicholas
Abstract:
Central to this thesis is the argument, espoused by a number o f our contemporary critics, that the success o f Angel (Neil Jordan, 1982) and My Left Foot (Jim Sheridan, 1989) resulted in a climate in which Irish filmmakers attempted to appeal to a more global market by adopting mainstream Hollywood formats at the expense o f the more experimental and socially critical cinema which had existed prior to 1987. While primarily concerned with Irish cinema since the re-establishment o f the Film Board in 1993, the thesis sets out to investigate a number o f different strategies which Irish filmmakers have adopted in an attempt to infiltrate a market which has become totally dominated by mainstream American studio films. Its main concern is the extent to which they may be said to have successfully achieved a balance o f American style and Irish substance, in such a way that these films can be read as less definably “American” and more specifically “Irish”. Each o f the films proposed for...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17369/
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Participation, expenditure and regressivity in the Irish lottery: evidence from Irish household budget survey 2004-05
(2012)
Crowley, Frank; Eakins, John; Jordan, Declan
Participation, expenditure and regressivity in the Irish lottery: evidence from Irish household budget survey 2004-05
(2012)
Crowley, Frank; Eakins, John; Jordan, Declan
Abstract:
This paper estimates, using the most recent Irish Household Budget Survey of 2004/2005, a double hurdle model to determine the socio-economic and socio-demographic factors affecting participation and expenditure of Irish households on the national lottery. Of particular interest is the effect of income on the decisions of how much participants spend on the lottery. The paper also determines the extent to which the tax inherent in lottery purchases is regressive in its incidence on purchasers. It is found that gender, social class, marital status, the presence of children in the home and household size significantly effects lottery participation. Lottery expenditures are affected by income, location of the household, gender, age, education, social class and whether the household has positive betting expenditures. Furthermore, there is evidence that the implicit lottery tax is regressive and that the allocation of lottery proceeds does not compensate for this regressivity.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/784
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A survey of asylum seekers' general practice service utilisation and morbidity patterns
(2007)
McMahon, Julie; MacFarlane, Anne E.; Avalos, Gloria; Cantillon, Peter; Murphy, Andrew W.
A survey of asylum seekers' general practice service utilisation and morbidity patterns
(2007)
McMahon, Julie; MacFarlane, Anne E.; Avalos, Gloria; Cantillon, Peter; Murphy, Andrew W.
Abstract:
To compare Irish asylum seekers to other General Medical Scheme (GMS) patients possessing Irish citizenship in terms of their utilisation of GP services, morbidity patterns and consultation outcomes. A retrospective 1 year study on patient records in two Galway City practices was performed. All asylum seekers who were patients of the two practices were compared with two controls each from a population of GMS patients with Irish citizenship matched for age, sex, and GMS status. Demographic information was recorded. For each consultation over the 12 months the diagnosis using the ICPC coding system1 and consultation outcomes were recorded. Data was collected on 171 asylum seekers and 342 Irish citizens. The majority of asylum seekers registered in the two practices were from Nigeria (43.9%). The age of cases ranged from 1 month to 60 years of age with a median of 26. 45.8% were female and 54% male. The mean number of visits per asylum seeker per year was 5.16 (SD 3.12) whereas the mea...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/3044
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Between Two Places : Emigrant Integration and Identity: A Case Study of Irish-born People Living in England
(2013)
Winston, Nessa
Between Two Places : Emigrant Integration and Identity: A Case Study of Irish-born People Living in England
(2013)
Winston, Nessa
Abstract:
Despite net in-migration to Ireland in the last years of the twentieth century, large numbers of Irish people continued to leave the country on an annual basis (29,000 is the estimate for 1999). Their primary destination was England where, according to the last British Census (1991), the Irish are the largest ethnic minority in England. This report reveals the findings of a case study of Irish emigrants living in England, drawing on data from a variety of sources including the British census, surveys, focus groups and interviews with employees of Irish agencies in England. The research was conducted by Dr. Nessa Winston of the Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University College Dublin for the Irish National Committee of the European Cultural Foundation.
11/11/2013. SB.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/4920
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Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters - Behaviour, Distribution and Habitat Use- WP 2: Developing Acoustic Monitoring Techniques
(2013)
O’Brien, J.; Beck, S.; Wall, D.; Pierini, A.
Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters - Behaviour, Distribution and Habitat Use- WP 2: Developing Acoustic Monitoring Techniques
(2013)
O’Brien, J.; Beck, S.; Wall, D.; Pierini, A.
Abstract:
All cetaceans and their habitats are protected under Irish and international law. The research termed Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters – behaviour, distribution and habitat use was delivered under six Work Packages. Cetacean line transect surveys were conducted under Work Package 1 with the following goals: 1. Providing a baseline cetacean distribution and relative abundance data set for the Irish EEZ; 2. Filling spatial and temporal gaps identified in cetacean survey effort within the EEZ; 3. Preparing an Atlas of cetacean distribution and relative abundance for Irish waters; 4. Assessing the temporal use of marine habitats by cetaceans in Irish waters.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/870
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Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters - Behaviour, Distribution and Habitat Use- WP1 Monitoring Spatial and Temporal Habitat Use and Abundance of Cetaceans.
(2013)
Wall, D.
Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters - Behaviour, Distribution and Habitat Use- WP1 Monitoring Spatial and Temporal Habitat Use and Abundance of Cetaceans.
(2013)
Wall, D.
Abstract:
All cetaceans and their habitats are protected under Irish and international law. The research termed Marine Mammals and Megafauna in Irish Waters – behaviour, distribution and habitat use was delivered under six Work Packages. Cetacean line transect surveys were conducted under Work Package 1 with the following goals: 1. Providing a baseline cetacean distribution and relative abundance data set for the Irish EEZ; 2. Filling spatial and temporal gaps identified in cetacean survey effort within the EEZ; 3. Preparing an Atlas of cetacean distribution and relative abundance for Irish waters; 4. Assessing the temporal use of marine habitats by cetaceans in Irish waters.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/869
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An amended Irish monetary system
(1957)
Gibson, Norman
An amended Irish monetary system
(1957)
Gibson, Norman
Abstract:
JEl E58
To understand the Irish monetary system it is necessary to know something of its development and of the general economic position of the Irish economy. It is a truism, but a very important one, that the Irish economy is highly dependent on exports and imports for its well-being. In 1955, to take a particular year, it?s Gross National Product at factor cost was #476 million, and its external payments and receipts on current account amounted to #232.6 million and #197.1 million respectively, or 48.9 per cent and 41.4 per cent respectively of the Gross National Product. Looking a little more closely at the external position we find that 59.6 per cent of total imports in value terms came from the United Kingdom and 89 per cent of exports went to it. Other years might be taken but a similar pattern would emerge. In other words, the Irish economy is an open one and bound to be subject to external economic influence. In particular its economic life is closely interlinked with t...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/4202
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The Irish Maritime Transport Economist Volume 11
(2014)
Irish Maritime Development Office
The Irish Maritime Transport Economist Volume 11
(2014)
Irish Maritime Development Office
Abstract:
The Irish Maritime Development Office (IMDO) of the Marine Institute publishes the Irish Maritime Transport Economist each year to provide a descriptive statistical analysis of the Irish ports and shipping services sector, as well as the many factors influencing its performance.Turning to the performance of the sector in 2013, it is clear that a number of indicators give cause for greater optimism than has been the case in recent years. The volume of trade that moves through Irish ports is a reliable indicator of national economic performance and activity.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/966
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Embodied sexualities: Exploring accounts of Irish women's sexual knowledge and sexual experiences, 1920-1970
(2014)
Leane, Máire
Embodied sexualities: Exploring accounts of Irish women's sexual knowledge and sexual experiences, 1920-1970
(2014)
Leane, Máire
Abstract:
This chapter explores the ways in which sexuality has been understood, embodied and negotiated by a cohort of Irish women through their lives. It is based on qualitative data generated as part of an oral history project on Irish women’s experiences of sexuality and reproduction during the period 1920–1970.1 The interviews, which were conducted with 21 Irish women born between 1914 and 1955, illustrate that social and cultural discourses of sexuality as secretive, dangerous, dutiful and sinful were central to these women’s interpretative repertoires around sexuality and gender. However, the data also contains accounts of behaviours, experiences and feelings that challenged or resisted prevailing scripts of sexuality and gender. Drawing on feminist conceptualisations of sexuality and embodiment (Holland et al., 1994; Jackson and Scott, 2010), this chapter demonstrates that the women’s sexual subjectivities were forged in the tensions that existed between normative sexual scripts and t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1763
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Irish dependency treebanking and parsing
(2016)
Lynn, Teresa
Irish dependency treebanking and parsing
(2016)
Lynn, Teresa
Abstract:
Despite enjoying the status of an official EU language, Irish is considered a minority language. As with most minority languages, it is a `low-density' language, which means it lacks important linguistic and Natural Language Processing (NLP) resources. Relative to better-resourced languages such as English or French, for example, little research has been carried out on computational analysis or processing of Irish. Parsing is the method of analysing the linguistic structure of text, and it is an invaluable processing step that is required for many different types of language technology applications. As a verb-initial language, Irish has several features that are uncharacteristic of many languages previously studied in parsing research. Our work broadens the application of NLP methods to less studied language structures and provides a basis on which future work in Irish NLP is possible. We report on the development of a dependency treebank that serves as training data for the fi...
http://doras.dcu.ie/21014/
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Setting the Irish State Table
(2016)
Mahon, Elaine
Setting the Irish State Table
(2016)
Mahon, Elaine
Abstract:
This year Ireland celebrates the centenary of the Easter rebellion of 1916, the event which is generally regarded as having led to Ireland’s independence six years later. Drawing on Irish government archives, this paper presents the beginnings of Irish state hospitality in the 1920s the emergence of diplomatic dining in the 1930s hosted by the Irish head of state and the first attempts to establish inventories of state owned furniture abroad. The paper then discusses how the Department of External Affairs set out to acquire a dinner service for official entertainment by the Minister of External Affairs as a showcase of Irish manufacture, ultimately establishing the material culture of the Irish state table which remains to this day.
https://arrow.dit.ie/tfschafart/180
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Irish sources for music research
(2012)
Flynn, Patricia
Irish sources for music research
(2012)
Flynn, Patricia
Abstract:
Irish contemporary art music is an often-overlooked aspect of the musical traditions of Ireland. In 1995 composer Raymond Deane (1953-) coined the term 'the honor of non-existence' to describe the condition of contemporary composers in Ireland.(1) it is telling still that in considerations Of Irish culture, such as in the interdisciplinary field of Irish studies, the emphasis has to a large extent been on one of our three main music traditions.(2) The term Irish Music for many signifies traditional music, the fold music of the people. Sometimes it is used to refer to our popular tradition, particularly rock music, but rarely will it bring to mind the current art music tradition. Perhaps this is as it should be; there will always be a smaller and specialized interest in classical music. However, that this is one of our traditions should not be forgotten. An understanding of this tradition informs an understanding of ourselves and the place of music in the Irish imaginative ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/21513/
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Sealbhú na Gaeilge ag naíonáin: early language acquisition of Irish
(2009)
O'Toole, Ciara
Sealbhú na Gaeilge ag naíonáin: early language acquisition of Irish
(2009)
O'Toole, Ciara
Abstract:
Speech and language therapy (SLT) services are coming under increased pressure to provide people living in linguistic minority communities with assessment and intervention in the language of the community in which the client lives. In Ireland, Irish, although a minority language, enjoys a positive attitude and a high status as the first official language of Ireland. However, there is little known about Irish language acquisition in typically developing children, let alone assessment or developmental pathways for speech and language therapists to work with. Furthermore, the study of Irish can make a valuable contribution to cross-linguistic research as it has structures which are very different to English such as a VSO word order, and complex morphophonological inflections in its initial mutations. This study adapted a well-known research tool, the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories, to Irish in order to measure vocabulary and grammatical development longitudinall...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3662
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'We are trying to do our share': the construction of positive neutrality and Irish post-war relief to Europe
(2016)
O'Driscoll, Mervyn
'We are trying to do our share': the construction of positive neutrality and Irish post-war relief to Europe
(2016)
O'Driscoll, Mervyn
Abstract:
This paper explores aspects of Ireland's post-war relief programme, including the provision of relief to Germany. Irish efforts in the immediate aftermath of World War Two should inform the wider debates about the nature of Irish neutrality and Ireland's relationship with the post-war world, but they are overlooked in the major analyses on Ireland and 'the Emergency'. The provision of relief on the basis of need led to the diagnosis that Germany deserved relief just as the other war-torn countries did. This article argues that many factors intertwined in the instigation and sustenance of the relief programme to Europe. The Irish project was unprecedented in the history of Irish state and popular humanitarianism.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3926
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The Irish DNA Atlas: Revealing Fine-Scale Population Structure and History within Ireland
(2017)
Gilbert, Edmund; O'Reilly, Seamus; Merrigan, Michael; McGettigan, Darren; Molloy, ...
The Irish DNA Atlas: Revealing Fine-Scale Population Structure and History within Ireland
(2017)
Gilbert, Edmund; O'Reilly, Seamus; Merrigan, Michael; McGettigan, Darren; Molloy, Anne M; Brody, Lawrence C; Bodmer, Walter; Hutnik, Katarzyna; Ennis, Sean; Lawson, Daniel J; Wilson, James F; Cavalleri, Gianpiero L
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-17124-4?WT.feed_name=subjects_population-genetics">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-17124-4?WT.feed_name=subjects_population-genetics</a></p>
<p>The extent of population structure within Ireland is largely unknown, as is the impact of historical migrations. Here we illustrate fine-scale genetic structure across Ireland that follows geographic boundaries and present evidence of admixture events into Ireland. Utilising the ‘Irish DNA Atlas’, a cohort (n = 194) of Irish individuals with four generations of ancestry linked to specific regions in Ireland, in combination with 2,039 individuals from the Peoples of the British Isles dataset, we show that the Irish population can be divided in 10 distinct geographically stratified genetic clusters; seven of ‘Gaelic’ Irish ancestry, and three of shared Irish-British ancestry. In addition we observe a m...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mctart/89
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The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)
(2017)
Bisagni, Jacopo; Warntjes, Immo
The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)
(2017)
Bisagni, Jacopo; Warntjes, Immo
Abstract:
The Computus Einsidlensis (Einsiedeln, Stiftsbibliothek, 321 (647), pp. 82-125) is a recently discovered text in the Swiss monastery of Einsiedeln. Besides its importance for the study of computistics in the early middle ages in general, and of seventh- and eighth-century Irish monastic learning in particular, the fact that this Latin text incorporates a considerable number of Old Irish terms makes it especially important also for the study of Old Irish. A dating to the period AD 689 to 719 is provided, together with an analysis of all the Old Irish material from this period of transition from Early to Classical Old Irish.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/7066
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Radio and regions in Irish traditional music
(2012)
Kearney, Daithi
Radio and regions in Irish traditional music
(2012)
Kearney, Daithi
Abstract:
Recording and broadcasting have had an enormous impact on the development, dissemination and popularity of Irish traditional music. There are a variety of aspects to the study of the geographical impact of radio and recording technologies, and I am here concerned with the perception and construction of regions in Irish traditional music. Recording and broadcasting are at the centre of the single greatest paradox in the discourse on regional styles: recording and broadcasting are considered homogenising forces, yet without recordings and broadcasts musicians may not have become aware of the regional diversity within the tradition. The most prevalent issues concerning recording and broadcasting relate to choice – who was recorded and broadcast; where these recordings were made; and the impact of these choices on processes of homogenisation or musical change. This paper examines the role of Sean Ó Riada and his programme Our Musical Heritage (1962) in the geographical imagination of Ir...
http://eprints.dkit.ie/616/
Marked
Mark
Cross-lingual transfer parsing for low-resourced languages: an Irish case study
(2014)
Lynn, Teresa; Foster, Jennifer; Dras, Mark; Tounsi, Lamia
Cross-lingual transfer parsing for low-resourced languages: an Irish case study
(2014)
Lynn, Teresa; Foster, Jennifer; Dras, Mark; Tounsi, Lamia
Abstract:
We present a study of cross-lingual direct transfer parsing for the Irish language. Firstly we discuss mapping of the annotation scheme of the Irish Dependency Treebank to a universal dependency scheme. We explain our dependency label mapping choices and the structural changes required in the Irish Dependency Treebank. We then experiment with the universally annotated treebanks of ten languages from four language family groups to assess which languages are the most useful for cross-lingual parsing of Irish by using these treebanks to train delexicalised parsing models which are then applied to sentences from the Irish Dependency Treebank. The best results are achieved when using Indonesian, a language from the Austronesian language family.
http://doras.dcu.ie/23601/
Marked
Mark
An Irish Missionary in France, Thomas Gould (1657-1734), Irish Migrant, Catholic priest and Missionnaire du Roi
(2011)
Molloy, Stuart Andrew
An Irish Missionary in France, Thomas Gould (1657-1734), Irish Migrant, Catholic priest and Missionnaire du Roi
(2011)
Molloy, Stuart Andrew
Abstract:
Thomas Gould (1657-1734) was a native of Cork who achieved an impressive, although not unusual level of success as an Irish man in the employ of the French state and Catholic Church during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth-centuries in France. As well as being an Irish migrant on the Continent, Gould was an ecclesiastic, a Catholic missionary and religious polemical writer, and above all as this study will highlight, an agent of the Bourbon monarchy, a uniquely titled Missionnaire du Roi. Leaving his bridled Catholic life in Ireland Gould became involved and indeed achieved a high level of renown in the proscription of the religious lives of Protestants in Bourbon France. His missionary activities to the Protestants in Poitou formed part of the French state’s final attempt to impose religious unity upon its religious dissenting community, the Huguenots. The hermeneutical merit in focusing on Gould in this period is evident in the dynamism of his life, the study of which allo...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/3986/
Marked
Mark
Ideas, interests and institutions; explaining Irish social security policy
(2008)
Murphy, Mary
Ideas, interests and institutions; explaining Irish social security policy
(2008)
Murphy, Mary
Abstract:
We might expect that in such a small open economy as Ireland, the impact of global pressures on social policy would be relatively strong (McCoy, 2008). This paper tests such a thesis through a case study of Irish social security policy and argues that, over the period 1986–2006, Irish social security policy responded to global and domestic pressures in a particularly Irish fashion, qualitatively different to other liberal welfare regimes and to other small open European economies. In seeking to understand this puzzle the paper explores and analyses the social security policy institutions where social security policy is mediated. It outlines the Irish policy architecture – the political, institutional and ideational factors that shape the trajectory of Irish social security development. The paper identifies domestic constraints on globalisation and factors that influence the social construction of policy. It concludes by recommending changes in the policy process that might help lead...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/1126/
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