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Displaying Results 101 - 125 of 1540 on page 5 of 62
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The evolution of health policy guidelines for assisted reproduction in the Republic of Ireland, 2004-2009.
(2011)
Walsh, David J; Ma, Mary L; Sills, Eric Scott
The evolution of health policy guidelines for assisted reproduction in the Republic of Ireland, 2004-2009.
(2011)
Walsh, David J; Ma, Mary L; Sills, Eric Scott
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com">www.biomedcentral.com</a></p>
<p>ABSTRACT: This analysis reports on Irish regulatory policies for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) from 2004-2009, in the context of membership changes within the Medical Council of Ireland. To achieve this, the current (2009) edition of the Guide to Professional Conduct & Ethics was compared with the immediately preceding version (2004). The statutory composition of the Medical Council from 2004-2009 was also studied. Content analysis of the two editions identified the following differences: 1) The 2004 guide states that IVF "should only be used after thorough investigation has failed to reveal a treatable cause of the infertility", while the 2009 guide indicates IVF "should only be used after thorough investigation has shown that no other treatment is likely to be effective"; 2) The 2004 stipulation stating th...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/obsgynart/3
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Health Impact Assessment of Solar Disinfection (SODIS) of Drinking Water in Three African Countries
(2011)
du Preez, Martella
Health Impact Assessment of Solar Disinfection (SODIS) of Drinking Water in Three African Countries
(2011)
du Preez, Martella
Abstract:
<p>The European Union (EU) under the Specific Programme, Integrating and Strengthening the European Research Area, Call Title: Specific Targeted Projects for African, Caribbean, Pacific Partner Countries, Call Identifier: FP6-2004-INCO-DEV-3, funded the project titled: Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water in Developing Countries or in Emergency Situation (SODISWATER), grant agreement number 013650. The project started in October 2006 and ended in March 2010.</p> <p>The aim of SODISWATER was to demonstrate that Solar Disinfection (SODIS) of drinking water is an appropriate, effective and acceptable intervention against waterborne disease for vulnerable communities in developing countries without reliable access to safe water.</p> <p>The scientific objectives for the overall project were to initialise in depth research in each of the following topics:</p> <p>1. Health impact assessment studies in three African countries.</p> <p>2. ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/28
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Development of novel collagen-calcium phosphate scaffolds suitable for bone tissue-engineering and bone repair
(2009)
Al-Munajjed, Amir A
Development of novel collagen-calcium phosphate scaffolds suitable for bone tissue-engineering and bone repair
(2009)
Al-Munajjed, Amir A
Abstract:
<p>Various scaffolds have been used in <em>in vitro</em> and<em> in vivo</em> studies as either cell free bone grafts or as tissue engineered constructs. However, most of these scaffolds have not made the final step into clinical applications due to several limitations. The objective of this investigation was to develop novel composite scaffolds using an established, highly porous collagen scaffold and adding a mineral calcium phosphate phase.</p> <p>Two novel composite scaffolds were developed; (1) a collagen-calcium phosphate scaffold developed using a single immersion technique into simulated body fluid and, (2) a collagen-calcium phosphate (CollCP) scaffold using a biphasic immersion into calcium- and phosphate based solutions. Both novel scaffolds showed promising results with respect to their mechanical, material, structural and biological properties for bone repair and bone tissue engineering. Due to its superior results in the mechan...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/4
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New carboxylate and hydroxamate inhibitors of prostaglandin-H-synthase and their metal complexes
(2009)
Al Agha, Ahmed
New carboxylate and hydroxamate inhibitors of prostaglandin-H-synthase and their metal complexes
(2009)
Al Agha, Ahmed
Abstract:
<p>The thesis describes new carboxylate and hydroxamate inhibitors of prostaglandin-H-synthase (PGHS) as well as the synthesis and structures of metal complexes of the hydroxamates which were synthesised. This enzyme, also called cyclooxygenase (COX), has two active sites a cyclooxygenase (COX) active site which is the target for aspirin and a peroxidase (POX) active site, upon which the COX site depends.</p> <p>The thesis is divided in to three<strong> </strong>chapters. The first chapter describes the attempted synthesis of aspirin derivatives, specifically designed by molecular modelling to fit better into the COX active site of PGHS. These derivatives possess O-acetylsalicylate moieties with<strong> </strong>an additional alkylcarboxylate substituent which allows simultaneous interaction with Arg120 and Tyr385 at the COX site whilst locating the acetyl group in close proximity to Ser530. The most active compound synthesised was an O-acet...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/3
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DVT Presentations to an Emergency Department: A Study of Guideline Based Care and Decision Making.
(2016)
Lillis, Darren; Lloyd, Christian; O'Kelly, Peter; Kelly, Sheila; Gilligan, Peadar
DVT Presentations to an Emergency Department: A Study of Guideline Based Care and Decision Making.
(2016)
Lillis, Darren; Lloyd, Christian; O'Kelly, Peter; Kelly, Sheila; Gilligan, Peadar
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.imj.ie</p>
<p>Pre-test probability scoring and blood tests for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) assessment are sensitive, but not specific leading to increased demands on radiology services. Three hundred and eighty-five patients presenting to an Emergency Department (ED), with suspected DVT, were studied to explore our actual work-up of patients with possible DVT relating to risk stratification, further investigation and follow up. Of the 205 patients with an initially negative scan, 36 (17.6%) were brought for review to the ED Consultant clinic. Thirty-four (16.6%) patients underwent repeat compression ultrasound with 5 (2.4%) demonstrating a DVT on the second scan. Repeat compression ultrasound scans were performed on 34 (16.6%) patients with an initially negative scan, with essentially the same diagnostic yield as other larger studies where 100% of such patients had repeat scanning. Where there is ongoing concern, rep...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/emermedart/4
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An Intrinsic Defect of Neurophils in Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis Leads to Primary Granule Release and Autoantibody Production
(2017)
Gargoum, Fatma S
An Intrinsic Defect of Neurophils in Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis Leads to Primary Granule Release and Autoantibody Production
(2017)
Gargoum, Fatma S
Abstract:
<p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder which primarily affects respiratory epithelia and results in abnormal mucus secretions, chronic pulmonary infection culminating in respiratory failure and premature death. One of the hallmarks of CF is neutrophil derived inflammation. CF neutrophils release excessive amounts of primary granule proteins possibly due to sustained infection and the continuous presence of inflammatory mediators. However, the cause of increased primary granule release in CF is unknown. Neutrophil exocytosis is under the tight control of small GTP-binding proteins, including Rasrelated C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rac2). The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular basis for aberrant neutrophil degranulation in CF.</p> <p>In this study, we examined degranulation by CF neutrophils using Western blotting. This revealed excessive release of the primary granule proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO) (p=0.03) and bact...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mdtheses/81
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The evidence needed to make surgery a global health priority.
(2015)
Brugha, Ruairi F; Bijlmakers, Leon; Borgstein, Eric; Kachimba, John; COST-Africa Consor...
The evidence needed to make surgery a global health priority.
(2015)
Brugha, Ruairi F; Bijlmakers, Leon; Borgstein, Eric; Kachimba, John; COST-Africa Consortium
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://www.thelancet.com">https://www.thelancet.com</a></p>
<p>In their policy analysis, Yusra Ribhi Shawar and colleagues (August, 2015) outline the complex responses needed to make surgery a global health priority, highlighting as a major challenge that “consensus needs to be reached on solutions”. Professional interests might have forestalled consensus on the need to train and supervise non-surgeons to deliver surgical services in places where surgeons cannot be retained. However, sceptics are right to call, and donors to wait, for evidence on the feasibility, safety, cost-effectiveness, and outcomes of such models.</p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/80
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Global Surgery – Informing National Strategies for Scaling Up Surgery in Sub-Saharan Africa.
(2018)
Gajewski, Jakub; Bijlmakers, Leon; Brugha, Ruairi F
Global Surgery – Informing National Strategies for Scaling Up Surgery in Sub-Saharan Africa.
(2018)
Gajewski, Jakub; Bijlmakers, Leon; Brugha, Ruairi F
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.ijhpm.com">http://www.ijhpm.com</a></p>
<p>Surgery has the potential to address one of the largest, neglected burdens of disease in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (LCoGS) has provided a blueprint for a systems approach to making safe emergency and elective surgery accessible and affordable and has started to enable African governments to develop national surgical plans. This editorial outlines an important gap, which is the need for surgical systems research, especially at district hospitals which are the first point of surgical care for rural communities, to inform the implementation of country plans. Using the Lancet Commission as a starting point and illustrated by two European Union (EU) funded research projects, we point to the need for implementation research to develop and evaluate co...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/79
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Update of a Systematic Review - Donor Conceived People’s Views and Experiences of their Genetic Origins: A Critical Analysis of the Research Evidence (Blyth et al, 2012)
(2018)
Dolan, Rita
Update of a Systematic Review - Donor Conceived People’s Views and Experiences of their Genetic Origins: A Critical Analysis of the Research Evidence (Blyth et al, 2012)
(2018)
Dolan, Rita
Abstract:
<p>This paper considers the topic of donor-conceived people and their perceptions and experiences of their genetic origins. An update was performed on a previously published systematic review entitled ‘Donor-conceived people’s views and experiences of their genetic origins: A critical analysis of the research evidence’, Journal of Law and Medicine (Blyth et al., 2012). The methodology and findings of the original review are outlined here along with details of how this was adapted for the update six years on from the original review, during which time AHR (Assisted Human Reproduction) has developed and evolved as techniques continue to be refined. The aim of this undertaking was to identify newer research since the original systematic review was published and review it in light of the recommendations in the original paper, to see if those recommendations were still relevant and applicable. The original review identified 19 articles which published data from 13 discrete studies ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mscttheses/149
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Improving hand hygiene compliance among dental health workers in 3 dental clinics in Khartoum State
(2011)
Ahmed, Elmuez Eltayeb
Improving hand hygiene compliance among dental health workers in 3 dental clinics in Khartoum State
(2011)
Ahmed, Elmuez Eltayeb
Abstract:
<p><strong> Abstract </strong> Health care associated infections affect hundreds of millions of people around the world and it is a major global issue for patient safety. Moreover, the most common way that micro-organisms (germs), particularly bacteria, are spread and cause infection is by being carried on people‘s hands. Hand hygiene is the most important measure to avoid the spread of harmful germs and to prevent ill health. Regular and thorough hand hygiene is always important when working in an environment or organization where health care is provided. So, having clean hands helps to protect patients, particularly the most vulnerable, as well as health care workers. This change project proposed to improve hand hygiene compliance among dental health care workers in three dental clinics in Khartoum State. This included increasing compliance to hand washing, as well as introducing another simple, quick and effective procedure of hand hygiene which is using alcohol...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mscttheses/7
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Applying a typology of health worker migration to non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland
(2015)
Humphries, Niamh; McAleese, Sara; Tyrrell, Ella; Thomas, Steve; Normand, Charles; Brugh...
Applying a typology of health worker migration to non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland
(2015)
Humphries, Niamh; McAleese, Sara; Tyrrell, Ella; Thomas, Steve; Normand, Charles; Brugha, Ruairi
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com">www.biomedcentral.com</a></p>
<p>Abstract Background: Research on health worker migration in the Irish context has categorized migrant health workers by country or region of training (for example, non-EU nurses or doctors) or recruitment mechanism (for example, actively recruited nurses). This paper applies a new typology of health worker migrants – livelihood, career-oriented, backpacker, commuter, undocumented and returner migrants (European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and WHO, vol. 2:129-152, 2014) – to the experiences of non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland and tests its utility for understanding health worker migration internationally. Methods: The paper draws on quantitative survey (N = 366) and qualitative interview (N = 37) data collected from non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland between 2011 and 2013. Results: Categorizing non-EU migrant doctor...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/53
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"The problem is ours, it is not CRAIDS' ". Evaluating sustainability of Community Based Organisations for HIV/AIDS in a rural district in Zambia.
(2012)
Walsh, Aisling; Mulambia, Chishimba; Brugha, Ruairi; Hanefeld, Johanna
"The problem is ours, it is not CRAIDS' ". Evaluating sustainability of Community Based Organisations for HIV/AIDS in a rural district in Zambia.
(2012)
Walsh, Aisling; Mulambia, Chishimba; Brugha, Ruairi; Hanefeld, Johanna
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com">www.biomedcentral.com</a></p>
<p>ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: While sustainability of health programmes has been the subject of empirical studies, there is little evidence specifically on the sustainability of Community Based Organisations (CBOs) for HIV/AIDS. Debates around optimal approaches in community health have centred on utilitarian versus empowerment approaches. This paper, using the World Bank Multi-Country AIDS Program (MAP) in Zambia as a case study, seeks to evaluate whether or not this global programme contributed to the sustainability of CBOs working in the area of HIV/AIDS in Zambia. Lessons for optimising sustainability of CBOs in lower income countries are drawn. METHODS: In-depth interviews with representatives of all CBOs that received CRAIDS funding (n = 18) and district stakeholders (n= 10) in Mumbwa rural district in Zambia, in 2010; and national ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/37
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A cycle of brain gain, waste and drain - a qualitative study of non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland.
(2013)
Humphries, Niamh; Tyrrell, Ella; McAleese, Sara; Bidwell, Posy; Thomas, Steve; Normand,...
A cycle of brain gain, waste and drain - a qualitative study of non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland.
(2013)
Humphries, Niamh; Tyrrell, Ella; McAleese, Sara; Bidwell, Posy; Thomas, Steve; Normand, Charles; Brugha, Ruairi
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com">www.biomedcentral.com</a></p>
<p>BACKGROUND: Ireland is heavily reliant on non-EU migrant health workers to staff its health system. Shortages of locally trained health workers and policies which facilitate health worker migration have contributed to this trend. This paper provides insight into the experiences of non-EU migrant doctors in the Irish health workforce.</p> <p>METHOD: In-depth interviews were conducted with 37 non-EU migrant doctors in Ireland in 2011/2012.</p> <p>RESULTS: Respondents believed they had been recruited to fill junior hospital doctor 'service' posts. These posts are unpopular with locally trained doctors due to the limited career progression they provide. Respondents felt that their hopes for career progression and postgraduate training in Ireland had gone unrealised and that they were becoming de-skil...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/44
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The future of surgical training in Africa, the importance of co-ordination and COSECSA’s role
(2011)
Lane, Robert; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
The future of surgical training in Africa, the importance of co-ordination and COSECSA’s role
(2011)
Lane, Robert; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
Abstract:
<p>Presentation as part of the 2011 conference of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA) supported by Irish Aid and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI). <a href="http://www.cosecsa.org/">http://www.cosecsa.org</a></p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/cosecsarcsiproc/14
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Interburns contribution to train Burns Surgeons and Care Providers in Africa
(2011)
Ali, Shariq; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
Interburns contribution to train Burns Surgeons and Care Providers in Africa
(2011)
Ali, Shariq; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
Abstract:
<p>Presentation as part of the 2011 conference of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA) supported by Irish Aid and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI). <a href="http://www.cosecsa.org/">http://www.cosecsa.org</a></p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/cosecsarcsiproc/9
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The current state of surgical training in East, Central and Southern Africa
(2011)
Ogendo, Stephen WO; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
The current state of surgical training in East, Central and Southern Africa
(2011)
Ogendo, Stephen WO; COSECSA/RCSI Collaboration Programme,
Abstract:
<p>Presentation as part of the 2011 conference of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA) supported by Irish Aid and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI). <a href="http://www.cosecsa.org/">http://www.cosecsa.org</a></p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/cosecsarcsiproc/2
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Quantification and evaluation of the role of antielastin autoantibodies in the emphysematous lung.
(2011)
Low, Teck Boon; Greene, Catherine M; O'Neill, Shane J; McElvaney, Noel G
Quantification and evaluation of the role of antielastin autoantibodies in the emphysematous lung.
(2011)
Low, Teck Boon; Greene, Catherine M; O'Neill, Shane J; McElvaney, Noel G
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.hindawi.com">www.hindawi.com</a></p>
<p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be an autoimmune disease. Smoking causes an imbalance of proteases and antiproteases in the lung resulting in the generation of elastin peptides that can potentially act as autoantigens. Similar to COPD, Z alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (Z-A1ATD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) are associated with impaired pulmonary antiprotease defences leading to unopposed protease activity. Here, we show that there is a trend towards higher bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) antielastin antibody levels in COPD and Z-A1ATD and significantly lower levels in CF compared to control BALF; the lower levels in CF are due to the degradation of these antibodies by neutrophil elastase. We also provide evidence that these autoantibodies have the potential to induce T cell proliferation in the emphysematous lung. This study hig...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/24
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Clinical Presentation and Conservative Management of Tympanic Membrane Perforation during Intrapartum Valsalva Maneuver.
(2010)
Baum, Jonathan D; Rattigan, Meghan I; Sills, Eric Scott; Walsh, Anthony PH
Clinical Presentation and Conservative Management of Tympanic Membrane Perforation during Intrapartum Valsalva Maneuver.
(2010)
Baum, Jonathan D; Rattigan, Meghan I; Sills, Eric Scott; Walsh, Anthony PH
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.hindawi.com/">www.hindawi.com</a></p>
<p>Background. Tympanic membrane perforation may occur when ear pressures are excessive, including valsalva maneuver associated with active labor and vaginal delivery. A pressure differential across the eardrum of about 5 psi can cause rupture; the increased intraabdominal pressure spikes repeatedly manifested by "pushing" during second-stage labor easily approach (and may exceed) this level. Material and Method. We describe a healthy 21-year old nulliparous patient admitted in active labor at 39-weeks' gestational age. Results. Blood appeared asymptomatically in the left ear canal at delivery during active, closed-glottis pushing. Otoscopic examination confirmed perforation of the left tympanic membrane. Complete resolution of the eardrum rupture was noted at postpartum check-up six weeks later. Conclusion. While the precise incid...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/obsgynart/15
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Gone for good? An online survey of emigrant health professionals using Facebook as a recruitment tool
(2016)
McAleese, Sara; Clyne, Barbara; Matthews, Anne; Brugha, Ruairi; Humphries, Niamh
Gone for good? An online survey of emigrant health professionals using Facebook as a recruitment tool
(2016)
McAleese, Sara; Clyne, Barbara; Matthews, Anne; Brugha, Ruairi; Humphries, Niamh
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://human-resources-health.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12960-016-0130-y">http://human-resources-health.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12960-016-0130-y</a></p>
<h3>Background</h3> <p id="x-Par1">Health professionals, particularly doctors, nurses and midwives, are in high demand worldwide. Therefore, it is important to assess the future plans and likelihood of return of emigrating health professionals. Nevertheless, health professionals are, by definition, a difficult population to track/survey. This exploratory study reports on the migration intentions of a sample of doctors, nurses and midwives who had emigrated from Ireland, a high-income country which has experienced particularly high outward and inward migration of health professionals since the year 2000.</p> <h3>Methods</h3> <p id="x-Par2">Health professionals who h...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/63
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Healthcare seeking practices and barriers to accessing under-five child health services in urban slums in Malawi: a qualitative study.
(2016)
Lungu, Edgar A; Biesma, Regien; Chirwa, Maureen; Darker, Catherine
Healthcare seeking practices and barriers to accessing under-five child health services in urban slums in Malawi: a qualitative study.
(2016)
Lungu, Edgar A; Biesma, Regien; Chirwa, Maureen; Darker, Catherine
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.biomedcentral.com</p>
<p>BACKGROUND: Access to child health services is an important determinant of child health. Whereas, child health indicators are generally better in urban than rural areas, some population groups in urban areas, such as children residing in urban slums do not enjoy this urban health advantage. In the context of increasing urbanisation and urban poverty manifesting with proliferation of urban slums, the health of under-five children in slum areas remains a public health imperative in Malawi. This paper explores healthcare-seeking practices for common childhood illnesses focusing on use of biomedical health services and perceived barriers to accessing under-five child health services in urban slums of Lilongwe, Malawi's capital city.</p> <p>METHODS: Qualitative data from 8 focus group discussions with caregivers and 11 in-depth interviews with key informants conducted from Septembe...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/65
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"We've all had patients who've died …": Narratives of emotion and ideals of competence among junior doctors.
(2018)
Crowe, Sophie; Brugha, Ruairi F
"We've all had patients who've died …": Narratives of emotion and ideals of competence among junior doctors.
(2018)
Crowe, Sophie; Brugha, Ruairi F
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com">www.sciencedirect.com</a></p>
<p>Although there is reasonably rich literature on socialisation in medical schools, few studies have investigated emotional socialisation among qualified doctors; specifically how specialist training reproduces the norms, values, and assumptions of medical culture. This article explores expressions and management of emotion in doctors' narratives of work and training for insights into how socialisation continues after graduation. The study employed qualitative methods - in-depth interviews - with fifty doctors at early and advanced stages of specialist training in teaching hospitals in Ireland. The study found that performance of competence, particularly for doctors at earlier training stages, required them to hide signs of struggle and uncertainty. Competence was associated with being emotionally tough, which involved hiding...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/88
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Politics & Policy Processes of Global Health Partnerships: The Case of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance
(2018)
Bruen, Carlos
Politics & Policy Processes of Global Health Partnerships: The Case of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance
(2018)
Bruen, Carlos
Abstract:
<p>At the 2008 Sir Mark Oliphant Conference on Vaccine and Immunotherapy Technologies, former GAVI Executive Secretary Julian Lob-Levyt described the organisation as “a new type of international entity…we are a pilot for new ways of doing development business”. Lauded since its inception in July 1999 as a 21st Century model for international development, GAVI emerged at a unique critical juncture in time. It also formed part of a more generalised and substantive shift from international to global health cooperation and the way that global health issues are addressed. For some, the proliferation of new organisational forms like GAVI appeared to promise a break with the past, renouncing the overly political bureaucratic processes of UN agencies while ushering in a new era of evidence, performance, and public-private partnerships. A shift in players, paradigms, and the political dynamics of global health has been taking place, with GAVI representative of this shift.</p> <...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/240
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The Identification and Characterisation of Genetic Signals of Selection in High Altitude Populations
(2018)
Cole, Amy
The Identification and Characterisation of Genetic Signals of Selection in High Altitude Populations
(2018)
Cole, Amy
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<p>Populations dwelling at high altitude (greater than 2500 meters above sea-level) are exposed to harsh environmental elements including, extreme cold, dietary acculturation, increased UV irradiance and hypobaric hypoxia. There is approximately 60% of the oxygen available to populations at high altitude compared to at sea-level. The ability to adapt to this reduction in oxygen availability is fundamental to the preservation of function, and of life. Identifying and characterising the genes involved in adaptation to hypoxia therefore offers an important and unique insight into hypoxia in general, and can in turn inform on a variety of human conditions and diseases of public health importance.</p> <p>We established a geographically diverse cohort of high altitude populations, from the Himalaya, the Andes and the East African plateau, through fieldwork, collaborations and publically available datasets. Using both dense genotype data and whole genome sequencing we des...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/248
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Surgical Education: Competitive Factors and Platforms to Trainee Progression and Skill Acquisition
(2018)
Harrington, Cuan
Surgical Education: Competitive Factors and Platforms to Trainee Progression and Skill Acquisition
(2018)
Harrington, Cuan
Abstract:
<p><strong>Background:</strong> The predictive validity of cognitive and non-cognitive factors in the development of surgical trainees’ competencies are not well described. Further research gaps exist regarding the impact of competitive personality traits and competitive platforms in the development of skills. We hypothesised that several trainee factors and competitive games platforms are conducive to technical and non-technical skill acquisition.</p> <p><strong>Aims:</strong> The primary goal of this dissertation was to determine in essence, true competitive factors in surgical trainee competency. In addition, we aimed to develop gamified simulation resources that motivate deliberate practice in the home environment.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This research was conducted via multiphase mixed methods approaches, involving premedical/medical students, surgical trainees and trainers. A systematic re...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/257
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Trial of feasibility and acceptability of routine low-dose aspirin versus Early Screening Test indicated aspirin for pre-eclampsia prevention (TEST study): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
(2018)
Mone, Fionnuala; Mulcahy, Cecilia; McParland, Peter; Breathnach, Fionnuala; Downey, Pau...
Trial of feasibility and acceptability of routine low-dose aspirin versus Early Screening Test indicated aspirin for pre-eclampsia prevention (TEST study): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
(2018)
Mone, Fionnuala; Mulcahy, Cecilia; McParland, Peter; Breathnach, Fionnuala; Downey, Paul; McCormack, Dorothy; Culliton, Marie; Stanton, Alice V; Cody, Fiona; Morrison, John J; Daly, Sean; Higgins, John; Cotter, Amanda; Hunter, Alyson; Tully, Elizabeth C; Dicker, Patrick; Alfirevic, Zarko; Malone, Fergal; McAuliffe, Fionnuala M
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/7/e022056.long">bmjopen.bmj.com</a></p>
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> Evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of routine aspirin in low-risk women, compared with screening-test indicated aspirin for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction.</p> <p><strong>DESIGN:</strong> Multicentre open-label feasibility randomised controlled trial.</p> <p><strong>SETTING:</strong> Two tertiary maternity hospitals in Dublin, Ireland.</p> <p><strong>PARTICIPANTS:</strong> 546 low-risk nulliparous women completed the study.</p> <p><strong>INTERVENTIONS:</strong> Women underwent computerised randomisation to: Group 1-routine aspirin 75 mg from 11 until 36 weeks; Group 2-no aspirin and; Group 3-aspirin based on the Fetal Medicine Foundation screen...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/obsgynart/40
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