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Current Search:
'REGULATION' in all fields;
3106 items found
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Displaying Results 76 - 100 of 3106 on page 4 of 125
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The tenement homes of Dublin: their condition and regulation
(1899)
Eason, Charles
The tenement homes of Dublin: their condition and regulation
(1899)
Eason, Charles
Abstract:
The condition of the tenement houses of Dublin was enquired into by the Royal Commission upon the Sewerage and Drainage of Dublin in 1879. Their report states that "9,760 houses were occupied as dwellings let in tenements," and that of these 2,300, occupied by about 30,000 persons, were in a condition unfit for habitation. The report recommends the gradual closing of the ruinous houses, and the supervision and daily regulation of the others, and it also says that by the provision of improved sanitary accommodation, and the strict enforcement of the provisions of the Public Health Act against overcrowding, a considerable proportion of the tenement houses can be converted into healthy dwellings. The report pointed out that it is the duty of the Corporation to determine how many persons are to be allowed to occupy each room, and to ascertain, by frequent inspection, that the number fixed upon be not exceeded. The Commissioners affirmed "that the tenement houses of Dublin...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/7261
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The Alert Programme for Self Regulation - an evaluation of a group based intervention for children attending a child and adolescent mental health clinic
(2011)
CREMIN, KATIE
The Alert Programme for Self Regulation - an evaluation of a group based intervention for children attending a child and adolescent mental health clinic
(2011)
CREMIN, KATIE
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/64032
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Experimental validation of CFD modelling for thermal regulation o photovoltaic panels using phase change material
(2011)
Sarwar, SARAH; MC CORMACK; Huang; Norton
Experimental validation of CFD modelling for thermal regulation o photovoltaic panels using phase change material
(2011)
Sarwar, SARAH; MC CORMACK; Huang; Norton
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/67169
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Differential filamentation of Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis is governed by nutrient regulation of UME6 expression
(2010)
SULLIVAN, DEREK
Differential filamentation of Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis is governed by nutrient regulation of UME6 expression
(2010)
SULLIVAN, DEREK
Abstract:
Candida dubliniensis is closely related to C. albicans, however it is responsible for fewer infections in humans and is less virulent in animal models of infection. C. dubliniensis forms fewer hyphae in vivo and this may contribute to its reduced virulence. In this study we show that unlike C. albicans, C. dubliniensis fails to form hyphae in YPD supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum (YPDS). However, C. dubliniensis filaments in water plus 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum (WS), and this filamentation is inhibited by the addition of peptone and glucose. Repression of filamentation in YPDS could be partly overcome by preculture in synthetic Lee?s medium. Unlike C. albicans, inoculation of C. dubliniensis in YPDS did not result in increased UME6 transcription. However, >100-fold induction of UME6 was observed when C. dubliniensis was inoculated in nutrient poor WS medium. Addition of increasing concentrations of peptone to WS had a dose dependent effect on reducing UME6 e...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41042
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Counter-regulation in the IKK family.
(2011)
O'NEILL, LUKE
Counter-regulation in the IKK family.
(2011)
O'NEILL, LUKE
Abstract:
The human IKK [I?B (inhibitor of NF-?B) kinase] family has four members; they are the central kinases of innate immunity. Two members, IKK? and IKK?, the so-called canonical members, phosphoryate I?B?, leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-?B (nuclear factor ?B), which controls the expression of many immune and inflammatory genes. The IKK-related proteins TBK-1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) and IKK? have a different substrate--IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3)--which regulates a different set of genes, the products of which include Type I interferons. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) such as the lipopolysaccharide receptor TLR4 or the poly(I:C) receptor TLR3 activate each of the IKKs, but the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 (interleukin 1), which signals in a broadly similar way to the TLRs, has so far been shown to activate only the canonical IKKs. In this issue of the Biochemical Journal, Clark et al. bring new insights into the regulation of IKKs. They demonstrate that IL-1...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/57380
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Substrate-Promoted Formation of a Catalytically Competent Binuclear Center and Regulation of Reactivity in a Glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes
(2008)
Hadler, Kieran S.; Tanifum, Eric A.; Hsu-Chen Yip, Sylvia; Mitic, Natasa; Guddat, Luke ...
Substrate-Promoted Formation of a Catalytically Competent Binuclear Center and Regulation of Reactivity in a Glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes
(2008)
Hadler, Kieran S.; Tanifum, Eric A.; Hsu-Chen Yip, Sylvia; Mitic, Natasa; Guddat, Luke W.; Jackson, Colin J.; Gahan, Lawrence R.; Nguyen, Kelly; Carr, Paul D.; Ollis, David L.; Hengge, Alvan C.; Larrabee, James A.; Schenk, Gerhard
Abstract:
The glycerophosphodiesterase (GpdQ) from Enterobacter aerogenes is a promiscuous binuclear metallohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of mono-, di-, and triester substrates, including some organophosphate pesticides and products of the degradation of nerve agents. GpdQ has attracted recent attention as a promising enzymatic bioremediator. Here, we have investigated the catalytic mechanism of this versatile enzyme using a range of techniques. An improved crystal structure (1.9 Å resolution) illustrates the presence of (i) an extended hydrogen bond network in the active site, and (ii) two possible nucleophiles, i.e., water/hydroxide ligands, coordinated to one or both metal ions. While it is at present not possible to unambiguously distinguish between these two possibilities, a reaction mechanism is proposed whereby the terminally bound H2O/OH- acts as the nucleophile, activated via hydrogen bonding by the bridging water molecule. Furthermore, the presence of substrate promotes th...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/3701/
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Regulation of Surfactant Protein B Gene Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells
(2009)
Field-Corbett, Ciara; English, Karen; O'Dea, Shirley
Regulation of Surfactant Protein B Gene Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells
(2009)
Field-Corbett, Ciara; English, Karen; O'Dea, Shirley
Abstract:
While investigating the differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived cells, we previously demonstrated upregulated expression of the lung-related surfactant protein B (SP-B) gene in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) when they were cocultured with macerated lung tissue. During coculture, HPCs differentiated toward a dendritic- like myeloid cell phenotype (hematopoietic progenitor cell-derived dendritic-like cells [HPC-DCs]). However, immature dendritic cells (iDCs) cocultured under identical conditions did not express SP-B mRNA before or after coculture. We have now further examined the regulation of SP-B expression in HPC-DCs and iDCs. Of the transcription factors involved in SP-B gene expression, neither cell type expressed TTF-1, HNF3a, or HNF3b, but both cell types expressed Sp1 and Sp3. Sp1 binding to the SP-B promoter was investigated in these cells. Three novel Sp1 binding motifs were identified in the mouse SP-B promoter. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, it was de...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/2828/
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Optimal metabolic regulation by temporal variation of enzyme activities: a control theoretic approach
(2007)
Oyarzun, Diego; Ingalls, Brian; Kalamatianos, Dimitrios
Optimal metabolic regulation by temporal variation of enzyme activities: a control theoretic approach
(2007)
Oyarzun, Diego; Ingalls, Brian; Kalamatianos, Dimitrios
Abstract:
In this paper we use an optimal control approach to analyze time dependent enzyme concentrations that minimize the transition time of a metabolic pathway while respecting the natural constraints imposed by a limited biosynthetical capacity. Our main result states that, under appropriate assumptions, at each time instant all the available enzyme production capacity is allocated to a single reaction, a finding reminiscent of bang-bang control laws typical in classical time-optimal control.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/2119/
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Performance enhancement of wind turbine power regulation by switched linear control
(1996)
Leith, Douglas J.; Leithead, W.E.
Performance enhancement of wind turbine power regulation by switched linear control
(1996)
Leith, Douglas J.; Leithead, W.E.
Abstract:
Power regulation of horizontal-axis grid-connected up-wind constant-speed pitch-regulated wind turbines presents a demanding control problem with the plant, actuation system and control objectives all strongly nonlinear. In this paper a novel switched linear approach is devised. Conventional linear control and a nonlinear controller which, in some sense, optimises performance across the operating envelope provide benchmarks against which the switched control strategy is compared. In comparison with conventional linear control, the switched linear strategy reduces the peak power excursions experienced and the time spent at high power levels, with a consequent reduction in drive-train loads. It achieves very similar performance to the more complex nonlinear controller; that is, the performance is near optimal over the operational envelope. Moreover, in contrast to nonlinear control it admits straightforward, rigorous analysis and permits direct exploitation of the knowledge and experi...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/1866/
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Sliding Doors Cost Measurement: The Net Economic Cost of Lax Regulation of the Irish Banking Sector
(2012)
Connor, Gregory; O'Kelly, Brian
Sliding Doors Cost Measurement: The Net Economic Cost of Lax Regulation of the Irish Banking Sector
(2012)
Connor, Gregory; O'Kelly, Brian
Abstract:
The financial and economic turmoil of the years 2007–10 has led to considerable regret among financial and economic policymakers about bad policy decisions at earlier dates. A worthwhile exercise in economic analysis is a careful delineation of the net economic cost of an earlier bad policy decision. Such an analysis is conceptually difficult because it requires a baseline case against which to compare observed economic outcomes. Comparing the actual outcome to that from the ex post best possible policy decisions at every juncture gives an unrealistically high benchmark, because it compares the actual outcome to that from policy decisions requiring perfect foresight by policymakers. Also, rational evaluation requires that all gains and losses subsequent to a policy decision be included. It is incorrect to evaluate an earlier past decision based on present and future impacts, since any intermediate impacts between the past decision date and current evaluation date must also be consid...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/5417/
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Role of KLF4 in regulation of myocardin induced SMC differentiation in human smooth muscle stem progenitor cells (hSMSPC)
(2013)
Govindarajan, Kalaimathi
Role of KLF4 in regulation of myocardin induced SMC differentiation in human smooth muscle stem progenitor cells (hSMSPC)
(2013)
Govindarajan, Kalaimathi
Abstract:
The differentiation of stem cells into multiple lineages has been explored in vascular regenerative medicine. However, in the case of smooth muscle cells (SMC), issues exist concerning inefficient rates of differentiation. In stem cells, multiple repressors potentially downregulate myocardin, the potent SRF coactivator induced SMC transcription including Krüppel like zinc finger transcription factor-4 (KLF4). This thesis aimed to explore the role of KLF4 in the regulation of myocardin gene expression in human smooth muscle stem/progenitor cells (hSMSPC), a novel circulating stem cell identified in our laboratory which expresses low levels of myocardin and higher levels of KLF4. hSMSPC cells cultured in SmGM2 1% FBS with TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml “differentiation media”) show limited SMC cell differentiation potential. Furthermore, myocardin transduced hSMSPC cells cultured in differentiation media induced myofilamentous SMC like cells with expression of SM markers. Five potential KLF4 binding...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1670
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Transcriptional up-regulation of ULK1 by ATF4 contributes to cancer cell survival
(2013)
MURRAY, JAMES
Transcriptional up-regulation of ULK1 by ATF4 contributes to cancer cell survival
(2013)
MURRAY, JAMES
Abstract:
Hypoxia in the microenvironment of many solid tumours is an important determinant of malignant progression. The ISR (integrated stress response) protects cells from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress caused by severe hypoxia. Likewise, autophagy is a mechanism by which cancer cells can evade hypoxic cell death. In the present paper we report that the autophagy-initiating kinase ULK1 (UNC51-like kinase 1) is a direct transcriptional target of ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), which drives the expression of ULK1 mRNA and protein in severe hypoxia and ER stress. We demonstrate that ULK1 is required for autophagy in severe hypoxia and that ablation of ULK1 causes caspase-3/7-independent cell death. Furthermore, we report that ULK1 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. Collectively, the findings of the present study identify transcriptional up-regulation of ULK1 as a novel arm of the ISR, and suggest ULK1 as a potentially effective target for cancer ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72159
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Regulation of IL-1?-induced NF-?B by hydroxylases links key hypoxic and inflammatory signaling pathways.
(2013)
FALLON, PADRAIC; HAMS, EMILY
Regulation of IL-1?-induced NF-?B by hydroxylases links key hypoxic and inflammatory signaling pathways.
(2013)
FALLON, PADRAIC; HAMS, EMILY
Abstract:
Hypoxia is a prominent feature of chronically inflamed tissues. Oxygen-sensing hydroxylases control transcriptional adaptation to hypoxia through the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B), both of which can regulate the inflammatory response. Furthermore, pharmacologic hydroxylase inhibitors reduce inflammation in multiple animal models. However, the underlying mechanism(s) linking hydroxylase activity to inflammatory signaling remains unclear. IL-1?, a major proinflammatory cytokine that regulates NF-?B, is associated with multiple inflammatory pathologies. We demonstrate that a combination of prolyl hydroxylase 1 and factor inhibiting HIF hydroxylase isoforms regulates IL-1?-induced NF-?B at the level of (or downstream of) the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 complex. Multiple proteins of the distal IL-1?-signaling pathway are subject to hydroxylation and form complexes with either prolyl hydroxylase 1 or factor inhibiting HIF...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72443
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Regulation of IL-1β-induced NF-κB by hydroxylases links key hypoxic and inflammatory signaling pathways.
(2013)
FALLON, PADRAIC
Regulation of IL-1β-induced NF-κB by hydroxylases links key hypoxic and inflammatory signaling pathways.
(2013)
FALLON, PADRAIC
Abstract:
Hypoxia is a prominent feature of chronically inflamed tissues. Oxygen-sensing hydroxylases control transcriptional adaptation to hypoxia through the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B), both of which can regulate the inflammatory response. Furthermore, pharmacologic hydroxylase inhibitors reduce inflammation in multiple animal models. However, the underlying mechanism(s) linking hydroxylase activity to inflammatory signaling remains unclear. IL-1?, a major proinflammatory cytokine that regulates NF-?B, is associated with multiple inflammatory pathologies. We demonstrate that a combination of prolyl hydroxylase 1 and factor inhibiting HIF hydroxylase isoforms regulates IL-1?-induced NF-?B at the level of (or downstream of) the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 complex. Multiple proteins of the distal IL-1?-signaling pathway are subject to hydroxylation and form complexes with either prolyl hydroxylase 1 or factor inhibiting HIF...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73002
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Co-operative roles for DNA supercoiling and nucleoid-associated proteins in the regulation of bacterial transcription
(2013)
DORMAN, CHARLES
Co-operative roles for DNA supercoiling and nucleoid-associated proteins in the regulation of bacterial transcription
(2013)
DORMAN, CHARLES
Abstract:
DNA supercoiling and NAPs (nucleoid-associated proteins) contribute to the regulation of transcription of many bacterial genes. The horizontally acquired SPI (Salmonella pathogenicity island) genes respond positively to DNA relaxation, they are activated and repressed by the Fis (factor for inversion stimulation) and H-NS (histone-like nucleoid-structuring) NAPs respectively, and are positively controlled by the OmpR global regulatory protein. The ompR gene is autoregulated and responds positively to DNA relaxation. Binding of the Fis and OmpR proteins to their targets in DNA is differentially sensitive to its topological state, whereas H-NS binds regardless of the topological state of the DNA. These data illustrate the overlapping and complex nature of NAP and DNA topological contributions to transcription control in bacteria.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73031
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Charge profile analysis reveals that activation of pro-apoptotic regulators Bax and Bak relies on charge transfer mediated allosteric regulation.
(2012)
Ionescu, Crina-Maria; Svobodová Vařeková, Radka; Prehn, Jochen HM; Huber, Heinrich J; K...
Charge profile analysis reveals that activation of pro-apoptotic regulators Bax and Bak relies on charge transfer mediated allosteric regulation.
(2012)
Ionescu, Crina-Maria; Svobodová Vařeková, Radka; Prehn, Jochen HM; Huber, Heinrich J; Koča, Jaroslav
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1002565">http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1002565</a></p>
<p>The pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak are essential for executing programmed cell death (apoptosis), yet the mechanism of their activation is not properly understood at the structural level. For the first time in cell death research, we calculated intra-protein charge transfer in order to study the structural alterations and their functional consequences during Bax activation. Using an electronegativity equalization model, we investigated the changes in the Bax charge profile upon activation by a functional peptide of its natural activator protein, Bim. We found that charge reorganizations upon activator binding mediate the exposure of the functional sites of Bax, rendering Bax active. The affinity of the Bax C-domain for it...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/physiolart/32
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Investigation into the role of La/SS-B in Interferon regulation and its relevance in health and human disease
(2014)
Mahony, Rebecca G
Investigation into the role of La/SS-B in Interferon regulation and its relevance in health and human disease
(2014)
Mahony, Rebecca G
Abstract:
<p>The La/SS-B protein is well documented as an autoantigen for autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recently, a link between La and viruses has been reported, an interesting observation given the fact that viral infection is a significant risk factor in SLE. However, the direct mechanism by which La functions in the innate immune response to viral challenge remains elusive. As such, we sought to investigate whether La directly regulates the induction of the anti-viral cytokines, type I Interferons, (IFNs) by direct modulation of innate immune toll-like receptor (TLR) or RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signalling pathways.</p> <p>Our findings have highlighted a dual and complex role for La in the regulation of IFN production. Initial studies demonstrated a role for La in the specific attenuation of IFN promoter transcriptional activity downstream of RLR activation. In confirmation of this, elevated IFN levels were observed following La knockd...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/119
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Regulating Everything: From Mega- to Meta-regulation
(2012)
Scott, Colin
Regulating Everything: From Mega- to Meta-regulation
(2012)
Scott, Colin
Abstract:
Such is the extent of contemporary regulatory governance that it is possible to characterise the ambition of governments as ‘regulating everything’. This article contrasts the highly visible growth in numbers and scope of regulatory agencies in Ireland, with the more hidden but highly significant diffusion of regulatory capacity which is evident within regulatory regimes. I argue that the concept of the ‘regulatory regime’ is helpful for resisting the tendency to overstate the power and significance of regulatory agencies and to draw in other kinds of actors and other forms of control into our view of governance. I argue that the fragmentation in terms of organisations and forms of control within regulatory regimes creates a problem involving regulatory agencies not of too much power and too little accountability, but rather the converse – too little power and too much accountability. The reconceptualization of regulation which I offer in this article is centrally concerned with que...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7011
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Licensing as a Tool of Regulation and Governance
(2014)
Scott, Colin
Licensing as a Tool of Regulation and Governance
(2014)
Scott, Colin
Abstract:
Licensing originates from more general practices of those with property rights carving out part of their interest to give limited rights to others in respect of their property, for example having rights to visit or stay on land, or to use copyrighted mater ial by performing a play or a song. In the armoury of tools and techniques for regulation licensing has a central place as the exercise of state control seeking to secure particular social and economic outcomes. The state’s capacity to license is special, as it is linked to the state monopoly over legitimate coercive power
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7018
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An investigation into why companies delist from the main market on the Irish stock market to the Irish enterprise exchange and the impact of regulation
(2009)
Harkin, Sarah
An investigation into why companies delist from the main market on the Irish stock market to the Irish enterprise exchange and the impact of regulation
(2009)
Harkin, Sarah
Abstract:
The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) established a new market in 2005, the Irish Enterprise Exchange (IEX). The main difference between these markets is that less regulations are required under the IEX. One of the objectives of the IEX market was to act as a “stepping stone” where companies would eventually list on the Main Market (MM). Instead it has seen companies delisting from the MM and re-listing on the IEX. Thus, in this study the researcher examined the reasons for this and if regulation had an impact on this. In conducing the study the researcher used both primary and secondary research. The researcher used semi-structured interviews with a sample of companies that had delisted and two regulatory bodies, the Office Director of Corporate Enforcement (ODCE) and the ISE. This allowed the researcher to attempt to examine why companies delisted between the two markets. The findings suggest that the size of a company was a key reason to delist from the MM to the IEX and the cost of bee...
http://hdl.handle.net/10759/322818
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Financial Industry Ontologies for Risk and Regulation Data (FIORD): a position paper
(2014)
Koumpis, Adamantios
Financial Industry Ontologies for Risk and Regulation Data (FIORD): a position paper
(2014)
Koumpis, Adamantios
Abstract:
Conference paper
This paper presents a proposed approach to address risk andregulation management within the highly active and volatile financial domainby employing semantic based technologies within a collaborative networksenvironment. Firstly the problems and motivation are introduced, with accenton big data and high frequency trading issues that are creating major problemsto the current software systems. Secondly the state of the art on Big Data,Regulation and Risk Management are presented. Next the FIORD platformarchitecture is detailed and the envisioned approach explained. Finallyconclusions are presented where benefits for real time monitoring areemphasized so high frequency trading irregularities are detected in real time forthe benefit of involved financial institutions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/4104
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Housing supply in Ireland since 1990: The role of costs and regulation
(2015)
Lyons, Ronan C.
Housing supply in Ireland since 1990: The role of costs and regulation
(2015)
Lyons, Ronan C.
Abstract:
Housing has been central to both global and Irish economic fortunes in the past generation and was a major contributory factor in the Great Recession. Recently, greater attention has been paid around the world to the economics of housing supply, including the costs imposed by regulations relating to land use and building. In Ireland, the last few years have seen a growing shortage of accommodation, particularly in the Greater Dublin area, as population growth is unmet by new additions to the housing stock. This paper examines both costs and regulatory conditions relating to Irish housing supply since 1990. It brings together a range of studies on the cost of building in Ireland currently and relates these to both house prices and household incomes. It then derives a number of summary statistics of regulatory conditions, based on the full dataset of over one million planning permissions across Ireland?s 35 local authorities over the period 1990-2013. These include: the median time-to...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75036
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Transcriptome Analysis of CD4+ T Cells in Coeliac Disease Reveals Imprint of BACH2 and IFN? Regulation.
(2015)
MCMANUS, ROSS
Transcriptome Analysis of CD4+ T Cells in Coeliac Disease Reveals Imprint of BACH2 and IFN? Regulation.
(2015)
MCMANUS, ROSS
Abstract:
Genetic studies have to date identified 43 genome wide significant coeliac disease susceptibility (CD) loci comprising over 70 candidate genes. However, how altered regulation of such disease associated genes contributes to CD pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Recently there has been considerable emphasis on characterising cell type specific and stimulus dependent genetic variants. Therefore in this study we used RNA sequencing to profile over 70 transcriptomes of CD4+ T cells, a cell type crucial for CD pathogenesis, in both stimulated and resting samples from individuals with CD and unaffected controls. We identified extensive transcriptional changes across all conditions, with the previously established CD gene IFNy the most strongly up-regulated gene (log2 fold change 4.6; Padjusted = 2.40x10-11) in CD4+ T cells from CD patients compared to controls. We show a significant correlation of differentially expressed genes with genetic studies of the disease to date (Padjusted = ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75767
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Platelet aggregation induced by Caco-2 cells: regulation by matrix metalloproteinase-2 and adenosine diphosphate
(2006)
RADOMSKI, MAREK; SANTOS-MARTINEZ, MARIA; MEDINA MARTIN, CARLOS
Platelet aggregation induced by Caco-2 cells: regulation by matrix metalloproteinase-2 and adenosine diphosphate
(2006)
RADOMSKI, MAREK; SANTOS-MARTINEZ, MARIA; MEDINA MARTIN, CARLOS
Abstract:
Formation of tumor cell-platelet aggregates facilitates hematogenous metastases. However, molecular mechanisms implicated in tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) in colon cancer are unclear. To investigate mechanisms of TCIPA induced by colon adenocarcinoma cells in vitro, human Caco-2 cells were used to study their interactions with platelets using aggregometry, zymography, phase-contrast microscopy, and flow cytometry. Caco-2-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. This aggregation resulted in the release of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, as measured by zymography. In addition, flow cytometry showed a significant up-regulation of activated GpIIb/IIIa, total GpIIb/IIIa, GpIb, and P-selectin receptors on platelets. Inhibition of MMP-2 by phenantroline and degradation of ADP by APT102, respectively, resulted in inhibition of TCIPA. Furthermore, both phenantroline and APT102 significantly down-regulated the surface abundance of platelet receptor...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75977
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Transcription of Interleukin-8: How Altered Regulation Can Affect Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease.
(2015)
Jundi, Karim; Greene, Catherine M
Transcription of Interleukin-8: How Altered Regulation Can Affect Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease.
(2015)
Jundi, Karim; Greene, Catherine M
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at http://www.mdpi.com/</p>
<p>Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a neutrophil chemokine that is encoded on the CXCL8 gene. Normally CXCL8 expression is repressed due to histone deacetylation, octamer-1 binding to the promoter and the inhibitory effect of nuclear factor-κB repressing factor (NRF). However, in response to a suitable stimulus, the human CXCL8 gene undergoes transcription due to its inducible promoter that is regulated by the transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activating protein (AP-1), CAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ, also known as NF-IL-6), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). CXCL8 mRNA is then stabilised by the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterised by a neutrophil-dominated airway inflammatory response. A major factor contributing to the large number of neutrophils is the higher ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/medart/56
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