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'biology' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 126 - 150 of 2088 on page 6 of 84
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Characterisation Of Cell Types In Abalone (Haliotis spp.) Tissues Using Immunohistochemical Techniques
(2006)
Harris, Leanne; O'Byrne-Ring, Nuala; Lambkin, Helen
Characterisation Of Cell Types In Abalone (Haliotis spp.) Tissues Using Immunohistochemical Techniques
(2006)
Harris, Leanne; O'Byrne-Ring, Nuala; Lambkin, Helen
Abstract:
The increasing popularity of abalone as a seafood delicacy has led to the rapid development of abalone aquaculture worldwide. The commercial and economic importance of this industry has resulted in an increasing interest in the biology of this particular shellfish genus. In this study we focus on the identification of structural, functional and proliferative proteins in two species of abalone shellfish, Haliotis discus hannai and Haliotis tuberculata. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that react with proteins in vertebrate and invertebrate tissues were selected and applied to abalone tissues. Cross sections of whole animals were analysed using avidin–biotin immunoperoxidase staining protocols. In total, twenty-four antibodies were tested on shellfish tissues. Six antibodies out of twenty-four detected antigens in Haliotis spp. Cytokeratins, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), laminin and vimentin were detected in abalone tissues. Positive imm...
https://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/150
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The role of glycosylation in regulatory T-cell biology
(2016)
Faria Ferreira Cabral, Joana Maria
The role of glycosylation in regulatory T-cell biology
(2016)
Faria Ferreira Cabral, Joana Maria
Abstract:
Regulatory T-cells (T-reg) play a pivotal role in maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance. There has been a significant amount of research devoted to understanding their physiological mechanisms of action and the causes of their dysfunction in disease settings as well as to developing strategies for their therapeutic application. Glycosylation is ubiquitous in all mammalian cells and surface glycan expression is involved in the regulation of many biological processes. While it is currently well accepted that surface glycan expression influences T-cell development, trafficking and function, little is known about the relevance of glycosylation to T-reg biology. The main goal of this thesis was to characterize the surface glycosylation characteristics of T-reg and to determine how the surface glycan expression profile of T-reg correlates with their suppressive functions. Initially, the surface glycomes and relevant protein marker expression patterns of T-reg and conventional (non-...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/6243
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The population biology of Acanthocephalus clavula in European Eel Anguilla anguilla L., brown trout Salmo trutta L. and Asellus meridianus Rac., with special reference to the suitability of brown trout as a definitive host
(2010)
Dooley, Emma Jane
The population biology of Acanthocephalus clavula in European Eel Anguilla anguilla L., brown trout Salmo trutta L. and Asellus meridianus Rac., with special reference to the suitability of brown trout as a definitive host
(2010)
Dooley, Emma Jane
Abstract:
THESIS 9416
Acanthocephalus clavula is an acanthocephalan parasite of freshwater fishes which is distributed across Ireland, Great Britain and continental Europe. In Ireland, the intemiediate host of A. clavula is the isopod Asellus meridianus. The preferred definitive host of A. clavula across its distribution is the European eel Anguilla anguilla. A. clavula has been recorded in brown trout Salmo trutta in Ireland on several occasions, however in other locations the occurrence of this host-parasite combination is rare.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/78896
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MicroRNA Profiling of Exosomes
(2017)
O'Driscoll, Lorraine
MicroRNA Profiling of Exosomes
(2017)
O'Driscoll, Lorraine
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/78929
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On the personalised modelling of cancer signalling
(2017)
Fey, Dirk; Kuehn, Axel; Kholodenko, Boris N.
On the personalised modelling of cancer signalling
(2017)
Fey, Dirk; Kuehn, Axel; Kholodenko, Boris N.
Abstract:
6th IFAC Conference on Foundations of Systems Biology in Engineering (FOSBE 2016), Magdeburg, Germany, 9-12 October 2016
Dynamic modelling has long been used to understand fundamental principles of cell signalling and its dysregulation in cancer. More recently these models have also been used to understand the individual risks of cancer patients, and predict their survival probabilities. However, the current methodologies for integrating tumour data and generating patient-specific simulations suffer from the lack of general applicability; they only work for cell signalling models in which only posttranslational protein modifications are considered, so that the total protein concentrations are conserved. Here, we present novel, generally applicable method. The method is based on a simple theoretical framework for modelling gene-regulation, and the indirect estimation of patient-specific parameters from tumour data. Because our method does not require time-invariance of the total...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/8317
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Conservation biology of Saxifraga hirculus L. in Ireland
(2012)
Muldoon, Caoimhe S
Conservation biology of Saxifraga hirculus L. in Ireland
(2012)
Muldoon, Caoimhe S
Abstract:
THESIS 9745
A perennial herbaceous plant with a wide circumpolar distribution, Saxifraga hirculus L. has a highly fragmented distribution outside the northern Polar Regions. In Europe its range has been reduced dramatically with records from the 19th century showing the loss of habitats mainly due to habitat degradation and fragmentation, afforestation and drainage. Given its restricted distribution, Ireland has an international responsibility to protect this species through its designation under Annex II and Annex IV of the EC Directive 92/43/EEC (Habitats Directive).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79260
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Reproductive biology and parasite (Perkinsus marinus) prevalence in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, within a Georgia tidal river
(1997)
O'Beirn, F.X.; Walker, R.L.; Jansen, M.L.
Reproductive biology and parasite (Perkinsus marinus) prevalence in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, within a Georgia tidal river
(1997)
O'Beirn, F.X.; Walker, R.L.; Jansen, M.L.
Abstract:
Recruitment, in 1992, of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, at one site (Flume Dock) within the Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve (SINERR) was lower than other sampling sites. Recruitment allied with gametogenesis and parasite (Perkinsus marinus) prevalence within the oysters was examined in 1993, in an attempt to explain the differences observed the previous year. Sampling occurred at three sites (Marsh Landing, Jack Hammock, and Flume Dock) along the Duplin River within the SINERR. Oyster recruitment in 1993 was reduced in all sites within the SINERR. No oyster recruitment was recorded at the Flume Dock site during any monthly collections or on collectors deployed for the duration of the sampling study. Oysters developed gametogenically and spawned at the Marsh Landing site two weeks prior to their occurrence at the Jack Hammock site. Gametogenic development in oysters at the Flume Dock site was retarded a further two weeks where the males appeared to spawn...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1240
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AZA – the producing organisms – biology and trophic transfer
(2014)
Tillmann, U.; Salas, R.; Jauffrais, T.; Hess, P.; Silke, J.
AZA – the producing organisms – biology and trophic transfer
(2014)
Tillmann, U.; Salas, R.; Jauffrais, T.; Hess, P.; Silke, J.
Abstract:
Compared to the knowledge on toxin structure, detection methods, and toxicology, convincing clarification of the aetiology of AZP was seriously lacking behind for quite a long time. Based upon the seasonal and episodic accumulation of AZA toxins in suspension-feeding bivalve molluscs – a situation similar to several other marine biotoxins - a planktonic source has been suspected from the outset. Furthermore, due to their polyether structural features, AZA has been suspected to be a dinoflagellate metabolite. Thus, it was no surprise that is was a dinoflagellate species which was first claimed to be the source of AZA. The link between AZA and P. crassipes, however, remained controversial because production of AZA by P. crassipes could not be verified in spite of numerous attempts based upon field surveys and laboratory investigations of cultured and isolated cells. Moreover, in contrast to other proven producers of phycotoxins, which are all primarily phototrophic, P. crassipes is a ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/1258
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Nucleophosmin: From structure and function to disease development
(2016)
O'BYRNE, KEN
Nucleophosmin: From structure and function to disease development
(2016)
O'BYRNE, KEN
Abstract:
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a critical cellular protein that has been implicated in a number of pathways including mRNA transport, chromatin remodeling, apoptosis and genome stability. NPM1 function is a critical requirement for normal cellular biology as is underlined in cancer where NPM1 is commonly overexpressed, mutated, rearranged and sporadically deleted. Consistent with a multifunctional role within the cell, NPM1 can function not only as a proto- oncogene but also as a tumor suppressor. The aim of this review is to look at the less well-described role of NPM1 in the DNA repair pathways as well as the role of NPM1 in the regulation of apoptosis and its mutation in cancers.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/80214
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Infrapatellar Fat Pad Stem Cells: From Developmental Biology to Cell therapy.
(2017)
do Amaral, Ronaldo JFC; Almeida, Henrique V; Kelly, Daniel J; O'Brien, Fergal J; K...
Infrapatellar Fat Pad Stem Cells: From Developmental Biology to Cell therapy.
(2017)
do Amaral, Ronaldo JFC; Almeida, Henrique V; Kelly, Daniel J; O'Brien, Fergal J; Kearney, Cathal J
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2017/6843727/abs/">https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2017/6843727/abs/</a></p>
<p>The ideal cell type to be used for cartilage therapy should possess a proven chondrogenic capacity, not cause donor-site morbidity, and should be readily expandable in culture without losing their phenotype. There are several cell sources being investigated to promote cartilage regeneration: mature articular chondrocytes, chondrocyte progenitors, and various stem cells. Most recently, stem cells isolated from joint tissue, such as chondrogenic stem/progenitors from cartilage itself, synovial fluid, synovial membrane, and infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) have gained great attention due to their increased chondrogenic capacity over the bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells. In this review, we first describe the IFP anatomy and compare and contrast it with other ad...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/anatart/111
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Mechanistic investigation of developmental copper chemotherapeutics
(2017)
Slator, Creina
Mechanistic investigation of developmental copper chemotherapeutics
(2017)
Slator, Creina
Abstract:
The quest for new metal-based anticancer agents, alternative to clinically established chemotherapeutics, has been motivated by deficiencies observed in current treatment regimes. Coupled with the approach of sophisticated and targeted drug design, there is a clear need for comprehending the underlying biomolecular and cellular responses of new developmental therapeutics. Reported herein is a detailed analysis of redox active developmental metallodrugs containing 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) ligands and their action as novel cytotoxins of human cancers. This body of research describes mechanistic investigations into the oxidative nuclease activity and redox-targeting properties of new Cu(II) and Mn(II) phenanthroline chemo-types. A number of the Cu(II) complexes have been developed and examined, in collaboration with the National Cancer Institute, USA, for their ability to induce cytotoxicity within a wide variety of cancer cells. To uncover these properties, a range of molecular biol...
http://doras.dcu.ie/21618/
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HOXC11 impacts steroidal adaptability in aromatase inhibitor resistance by up-regulating the androgen receptor
(2017)
Ali Beegan, Azlena
HOXC11 impacts steroidal adaptability in aromatase inhibitor resistance by up-regulating the androgen receptor
(2017)
Ali Beegan, Azlena
Abstract:
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p><strong></strong>Aromatase Inhibitors (AI) are the gold-standard treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer. They inhibit the conversion of androgens to estrone by CYP19 thereby blocking ligand-dependent activation of the estrogen receptor (ER). Research from our lab has identified the homeobox protein, HOXC11, as an indicator of poor response to endocrine therapy and metastases development. We aim to investigate the role of the HOXC11 target gene prosaposin (PSAP) in aromatase inhibitor resistance and assess the impact of PSAP and androgen receptor (AR) on clinical outcome.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p><strong></strong>RNA-sequencing was performed to identify HOXC11 target genes in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Molecular biology techniques were used to validate these findings. Statistical analysis (STATA10) was used to ascertain the impact ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/202
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Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in cancer cells
(2017)
Lyons, Amy; Coleman, Michael; Riis, Sarah; Favre, Cedric; O'Flanagan, Ciara; Zhdan...
Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in cancer cells
(2017)
Lyons, Amy; Coleman, Michael; Riis, Sarah; Favre, Cedric; O'Flanagan, Ciara; Zhdanov, Alexander V.; Papkovsky, Dmitri B.; Hursting, Stephen D.; O'Connor, Rosemary
Abstract:
Mitochondrial activity and metabolic reprogramming influence the phenotype of cancer cells and resistance to targeted therapy. We previously established that an insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-inducible mitochondrial UTP carrier (PNC1/SLC25A33) promotes cell growth. This prompted us to investigate whether IGF signaling is essential for mitochondrial maintenance in cancer cells and whether this contributes to therapy resistance. Here we show that IGF-1 stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in a range of cell lines. In MCF-7 and ZR75.1 breast cancer cells, IGF-1 induces peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator 1β (PGC-1β) and PGC-1α–related coactivator (PRC). Suppression of PGC-1β and PRC with siRNA reverses the effects of IGF-1 and disrupts mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential. IGF-1 also induced expression of the redox regulator nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2 alias NRF-2). Of note, MCF-7 cells with acquired resistance to an IGF-1 rece...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5270
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Systematic analysis of the PTEN 5' leader identifies a major AUU initiated proteoform
(2016)
Tzani, Ioanna; Ivanov, Ivaylo P.; Andreev, Dmitry E.; Dmitriev, Ruslan I.; Dean, Kellie...
Systematic analysis of the PTEN 5' leader identifies a major AUU initiated proteoform
(2016)
Tzani, Ioanna; Ivanov, Ivaylo P.; Andreev, Dmitry E.; Dmitriev, Ruslan I.; Dean, Kellie A.; Baranov, Pavel V.; Atkins, John F.; Loughran, Gary
Abstract:
Abundant evidence for translation within the 5′ leaders of many human genes is rapidly emerging, especially, because of the advent of ribosome profiling. In most cases, it is believed that the act of translation rather than the encoded peptide is important. However, the wealth of available sequencing data in recent years allows phylogenetic detection of sequences within 5′ leaders that have emerged under coding constraint and therefore allow for the prediction of functional 5′ leader translation. Using this approach, we previously predicted a CUG-initiated, 173 amino acid N-terminal extension to the human tumour suppressor PTEN. Here, a systematic experimental analysis of translation events in the PTEN 5′ leader identifies at least two additional non-AUG-initiated PTEN proteoforms that are expressed in most human cell lines tested. The most abundant extended PTEN proteoform initiates at a conserved AUU codon and extends the canonical AUG-initiated PTEN by 146 amino acids. All N-term...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5715
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Stop codon readthrough generates a C-terminally extended variant of the human vitamin D receptor with reduced calcitriol response
(2018)
Loughran, Gary; Jungreis, Irwin; Tzani, Ioanna; Power, Michael; Dmitriev, Ruslan I.; Iv...
Stop codon readthrough generates a C-terminally extended variant of the human vitamin D receptor with reduced calcitriol response
(2018)
Loughran, Gary; Jungreis, Irwin; Tzani, Ioanna; Power, Michael; Dmitriev, Ruslan I.; Ivanov, Ivaylo P.; Kellis, Manolis; Atkins, John F.
Abstract:
Although stop codon readthrough is used extensively by viruses to expand their gene expression, verified instances of mammalian readthrough have only recently been uncovered by systems biology and comparative genomics approaches. Previously our analysis of conserved protein coding signatures that extend beyond annotated stop codons predicted stop codon readthrough of several mammalian genes, all of which have been validated experimentally. Four mRNAs display highly efficient stop codon readthrough, and these mRNAs have a UGA stop codon immediately followed by CUAG (UGA_CUAG) that is conserved throughout vertebrates. Extending on the identification of this readthrough motif, we here investigated stop codon readthrough, using tissue culture reporter assays, for all previously untested human genes containing UGA_CUAG. The readthrough efficiency of the annotated stop codon for the sequence encoding vitamin D receptor (VDR) was 6.7%. It was the highest of those tested but all showed nota...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5716
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miR-155 Dysregulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis.
(2017)
McCoy, Claire E
miR-155 Dysregulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Multiple Sclerosis.
(2017)
McCoy, Claire E
Abstract:
<p>This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5987-2_5</p> <p><em><br /></em></p>
<p>microRNAs play a fundamental role in the immune system. One particular microRNA, miR-155 plays a critical role in hematopoietic cell development and tightly regulates innate and adaptive immune responses in response to infection. However, its dysregulation, more specifically its overexpression, is closely associated with various inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to consolidate how miR-155 underpins a variety of processes that contribute to the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). In particular, the impact of miR-155 is discussed with respect to human pathology and animal models. How miR-155 contributes to the activation of pathogenic immune cells, the permea...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/mctart/109
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Redox biology response in germinating Phaseolus vulgaris seeds exposed to copper: evidence for differential redox buffering in seedlings and cotyledon
(2017)
Karmous, Ines; Trevisan, Rafael; El Ferjani, Ezzedine; Chaoui, Abdelilah; Sheehan, David
Redox biology response in germinating Phaseolus vulgaris seeds exposed to copper: evidence for differential redox buffering in seedlings and cotyledon
(2017)
Karmous, Ines; Trevisan, Rafael; El Ferjani, Ezzedine; Chaoui, Abdelilah; Sheehan, David
Abstract:
In agriculture, heavy metal contamination of soil interferes with processes associated with plant growth, development and productivity. Here, we describe oxidative and redox changes, and deleterious injury within cotyledons and seedlings caused by exposure of germinating (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. soisson nain hatif) seeds to copper (Cu). Cu induced a marked delay in seedling growth, and was associated with biochemical disturbances in terms of intracellular oxidative status, redox regulation and energy metabolism. In response to these alterations, modulation of activities of antioxidant proteins (thioredoxin and glutathione reductase, peroxiredoxin) occurred, thus preventing oxidative damage. In addition, oxidative modification of proteins was detected in both cotyledons and seedlings by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis. These modified proteins may play roles in redox buffering. The changes in activities of redox proteins underline their fundamental roles in controlling red...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6357
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RNA phage biology in a metagenomic era
(2018)
Callanan, Julie; Stockdale, Stephen; Shkoporov, Andrey; Draper, Lorraine A.; Ross, R. P...
RNA phage biology in a metagenomic era
(2018)
Callanan, Julie; Stockdale, Stephen; Shkoporov, Andrey; Draper, Lorraine A.; Ross, R. Paul; Hill, Colin
Abstract:
The number of novel bacteriophage sequences has expanded significantly as a result of many metagenomic studies of phage populations in diverse environments. Most of these novel sequences bear little or no homology to existing databases (referred to as the “viral dark matter”). Also, these sequences are primarily derived from DNA-encoded bacteriophages (phages) with few RNA phages included. Despite the rapid advancements in high-throughput sequencing, few studies enrich for RNA viruses, i.e., target viral rather than cellular fraction and/or RNA rather than DNA via a reverse transcriptase step, in an attempt to capture the RNA viruses present in a microbial communities. It is timely to compile existing and relevant information about RNA phages to provide an insight into many of their important biological features, which should aid in sequence-based discovery and in their subsequent annotation. Without comprehensive studies, the biological significance of RNA phages has been largely i...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6937
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The palaeolimnology of Lough Murree, a brackish lake in The Burren, Ireland
(2013)
Dalton, Catherine; Cassina, Filippo; de Eyto, Elvira; Sparber, Karin
The palaeolimnology of Lough Murree, a brackish lake in The Burren, Ireland
(2013)
Dalton, Catherine; Cassina, Filippo; de Eyto, Elvira; Sparber, Karin
Abstract:
The palaeolimnology of Lough Murree, a brackish lake in The Burren, Ireland
http://hdl.handle.net/10395/2292
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Integrating observed, inferred and simulated data to illuminate environmental change: a limnological case study
(2016)
Dalton, Catherine; Jennings, Eleanor; O'Dwyer, Barry; Taylor, David
Integrating observed, inferred and simulated data to illuminate environmental change: a limnological case study
(2016)
Dalton, Catherine; Jennings, Eleanor; O'Dwyer, Barry; Taylor, David
Abstract:
Integrating observed, inferred and simulated data to illuminate environmental change: a limnological case study
http://hdl.handle.net/10395/2293
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The fisheries biology of commercial ray species from two geographically distinct regions
(2001)
Gallagher, Michael J.
The fisheries biology of commercial ray species from two geographically distinct regions
(2001)
Gallagher, Michael J.
Abstract:
THESIS 6243
Age, growth and maturity were investigated in the commercial ray species from two contrasting, and geographically distinct regions; namely the Falkland Islands? ray fishery, which is recently established, carefully managed fishery, and mainly exploits bathyrajids in a relatively deep, cold water environment; and the Irish ray fishery (ICES division VIIa and Vllg), which is long established, unregulated, and exploits rays in shallower, warmer waters. In addition, for the Irish ray fishery, a detailed review of the data available from the fishery was carried out, and an intensive port-sampling programme was initiated to attain the size and age structure of the commercial landings by species and sex, and from the results the status of the ray species was assessed.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/85467
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Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark mustelus asterias: geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation
(2018)
Farrell, E. D.; Mariani, S.; Clarke, M. W.
Reproductive biology of the starry smooth-hound shark mustelus asterias: geographic variation and implications for sustainable exploitation
(2018)
Farrell, E. D.; Mariani, S.; Clarke, M. W.
Abstract:
Examination of the reproductive biology of Mustelus asterias in the north-east Atlantic Ocean highlighted apparent geographical variation in maturity, fecundity and ovarian cycle between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations. The stretch total length (L-ST) and age at 50% maturity for Atlantic males and females were estimated at 78 cm L-ST and 4-5 years and 87 cm L-ST and 6 years, respectively. Size at maturity of females was considerably smaller than in Mediterranean specimens (96 cm L-ST). Ovarian fecundity ranged from eight to 27 oocytes and uterine fecundity from six to 18 embryos. The gestation period was c. 12 months, followed by a resting period of c. 12 months, resulting in a biennial cycle. Females stored sperm in the oviducal gland and, unlike Mediterranean specimens, no uterine compartments were observed in Atlantic specimens. This study reveals the existence of strong, possibly adaptive, divergence in life-history traits in an elasmobranch, whose northern populations ma...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11419
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Minimum landing size for northeast atlantic stocks of deep-water red crab, chaceon affinis (milne edwards and bouvier, 1894)
(2018)
Robinson, M.
Minimum landing size for northeast atlantic stocks of deep-water red crab, chaceon affinis (milne edwards and bouvier, 1894)
(2018)
Robinson, M.
Abstract:
Annual landings of the deep-water red crab (Chaceon affinis) in the NE Atlantic have fluctuated around 1000 t for much of the past decade, but they dropped significantly in 2006. No EU or National Member State legislation governs the harvest of the species, and because of the on-board processing, it is difficult to set a single minimum landing size (MLS) based on carapace width (CW) alone. As the claws are detached during processing and represent the most valuable component of the catch, a supplementary MLS based on claw length (CL) for onshore inspection and enforcement would seem appropriate. Physiological size-at-maturity and morphometric claw data were used to derive primary (CW) and secondary (CL) MLS. All males and females are mature at I 10 and 125 mm CW, respectively, and 50% of females are mature at 109 mm CW. Because of a lack of information relating to the biology, distribution, and fishing mortality of the species, and a doubt as to real landing statistics, a conservativ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/13675
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Construction of synthetic nucleoli and what it tells us about propagation of sub-nuclear domains through cell division
(2018)
Grob, Alice; McStay, Brian
Construction of synthetic nucleoli and what it tells us about propagation of sub-nuclear domains through cell division
(2018)
Grob, Alice; McStay, Brian
Abstract:
The cell nucleus is functionally compartmentalized into numerous membraneless and dynamic, yet defined, bodies. The cell cycle inheritance of these nuclear bodies (NBs) is poorly understood at the molecular level. In higher eukaryotes, their propagation is challenged by cell division through an open mitosis, where the nuclear envelope disassembles along with most NBs. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved can be achieved using the engineering principles of synthetic biology to construct artificial NBs. Successful biogenesis of such synthetic NBs demonstrates knowledge of the basic mechanisms involved. Application of this approach to the nucleolus, a paradigm of nuclear organization, has highlighted a key role for mitotic bookmarking in the cell cycle propagation of NBs.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/11738
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Estrogen withdrawal, increased breast cancer risk and the kras-variant
(2018)
McVeigh, Terri P; Jung, Song-Yi; Kerin, Michael J; Salzman, David W; Nallur, Sunitha; N...
Estrogen withdrawal, increased breast cancer risk and the kras-variant
(2018)
McVeigh, Terri P; Jung, Song-Yi; Kerin, Michael J; Salzman, David W; Nallur, Sunitha; Nemec, Antonio A; Dookwah, Michelle; Sadofsky, Jackie; Paranjape, Trupti; Kelly, Olivia; Chan, Elcie; Miller, Nicola; Sweeney, Karl J; Zelterman, Daniel; Sweasy, Joann; Pilarski, Robert; Telesca, Donatello; Slack, Frank J; Weidhaas, Joanne B
Abstract:
The KRAS-variant is a biologically functional, microRNA binding site variant, which predicts increased cancer risk especially for women. Because external exposures, such as chemotherapy, differentially impact the effect of this mutation, we evaluated the association of estrogen exposures, breast cancer (BC) risk and tumor biology in women with the KRAS-variant. Women with BC (n = 1712), the subset with the KRAS-variant (n = 286) and KRAS-variant unaffected controls (n = 80) were evaluated, and hormonal exposures, KRAS-variant status, and pathology were compared. The impact of estrogen withdrawal on transformation of isogenic normal breast cell lines with or without the KRAS-variant was studied. Finally, the association and presentation characteristics of the KRAS-variant and multiple primary breast cancer (MPBC) were evaluated. KRAS-variant BC patients were more likely to have ovarian removal pre-BC diagnosis than non-variant BC patients (p = 0.033). In addition, KRAS-variant BC pat...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12853
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