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'biology' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 26 - 50 of 2088 on page 2 of 84
Marked
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Bernal and the genesis of structural biology.
(2007)
CAFFREY, MARTIN
Bernal and the genesis of structural biology.
(2007)
CAFFREY, MARTIN
Abstract:
I was invited to participate in this Symposium a month or so before the event. At that time however, I knew little about J D Bernal. I vaguely remembered a brief conversation on the topic over a decade ago with Professor Vittorio Luzzati as we ambled around the gardens at the Palace of Varsailles. Vittorio likely knew Bernal through his friend Rosalind Franklin who worked with Bernal at Birbeck College. But beyond that I knew nothing about the man or his science. And so it was most fortunate that Andrew Brown?s book J D Bernal: The Sage of Science [1] appeared in 2005 and I was able to call on it. Indeed, much of the material included in this chapter is based on that source and on Dorothy Hodgkin?s biographic memoir of J D Bernal [2], her postgraduate supervisor. Given that this chapter is to be published in a Physics journal I thought it appropriate to provide some background to the theme of my presentation, structural biology. Accordingly, I will begin with an introduction to prot...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/50462
Marked
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Structural biology of arf and rab GTPases' effector recruitment and specificity
(2013)
KHAN, AMIR
Structural biology of arf and rab GTPases' effector recruitment and specificity
(2013)
KHAN, AMIR
Abstract:
Arf and Rab proteins, members of small GTPases superfamily, localize to specific subcellular compartments and regulate intracellular trafficking. To carry out their cellular functions, Arfs/Rabs interact with numerous and structurally diverse effector proteins. Over the years, a number of Arf/Rab:effector complexes have been crystallized and their structures reveal shared binding modes including ?-helical packing, ?-? complementation, and heterotetrameric assemblies. We review available structural information and provide a framework for in-depth analysis of complexes. The unifying features that we identify are organized into a classification scheme for different modes of Arf/Rab:effector interactions, which includes ?all-?-helical,? ?mixed ?-helical,? ??-? zipping,? and ?bivalent? modes of binding. Additionally, we highlight structural determinants that are the basis of effector specificity. We conclude by expanding on functional implications that are emerging from available structu...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72326
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Unlocking the treasure trove: From genes to schizophrenia biology
(2014)
CORVIN, AIDEN
Unlocking the treasure trove: From genes to schizophrenia biology
(2014)
CORVIN, AIDEN
Abstract:
Significant progress is being made in defining the genetic etiology of schizophrenia. As the list of implicated genes grows, parallel developments in gene editing technology provide new methods to investigate gene function in model systems. The confluence of these two research fields?gene discovery and functional biology?may offer novel insights into schizophrenia etiology. We review recent advances in these fields, consider the likely obstacles to progress, and consider strategies as to how these can be overcome.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/75281
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To determine and overcome misconceptions in biology held by students and educators in the Irish schooling system
(2015)
Galvin, Elaine
To determine and overcome misconceptions in biology held by students and educators in the Irish schooling system
(2015)
Galvin, Elaine
Abstract:
The investigation of misconceptions in Biology has been a substantive feature of the work of the Science Education research community for the past 30 years. It has been found to be one small but important aspect of teaching conceptual change in the classroom and is part of the broader educative work of the teacher and educator – generally regarded as work that is intellectual, social, moral and political. The importance of investigating misconceptions is emphasised by the number of pre-service teachers, qualified teachers and teacher educators that possess misconceptions and are unknowingly transferring these misconceptions to the students they teach. Misconceptions are a major concern in Science education as student’s capacity to acquire new and accurate scientific knowledge appears to depend greatly on pre-existing beliefs and the capacity to think anew and engage in deep meaning making, from factual information to higher-order conceptual thinking. Understanding the nature of conc...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4796
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The DigitalSeed: an interactive toy for investigating plants
(2010)
Cherubini, Mauro; Gash, Hugh; McCloughlin, Thomas
The DigitalSeed: an interactive toy for investigating plants
(2010)
Cherubini, Mauro; Gash, Hugh; McCloughlin, Thomas
Abstract:
Plant growth, development and reproduction are fundamental concepts in biology; yet there is a recorded lack of motivation for young people to grapple with these concepts. Here we present the ‘DigitalSeed’ toy for making investigations around these concepts more accessible to children through hands-on digital interaction. This is part of an on-going project investigating improved ways of learning involving digital media.To date, this project has addressed the learning of 4-5 year olds, but it is anticipated that the project could be extended to older children in mainstream and special needs education. In the case of older children, specific curricula requirements would be addressed, although this is a secondary goal
http://doras.dcu.ie/21514/
Marked
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The reproductive biology and conservation of rare orchid species in Ireland
(2008)
Duffy, Karl Joseph
The reproductive biology and conservation of rare orchid species in Ireland
(2008)
Duffy, Karl Joseph
Abstract:
THESIS 8608
This thesis investigates the factors that affect the conservation and reproductive biology of rare Irish orchids. Research focused on various aspects of the ecology of six species that occur throughout Ireland. Four endangered, red-listed species were examined; Cephalanthera longifolia, Hammarbya paludosa, Pseudorchis albida, and Spiranthes romanzoffiana. In addition, one rare species Neotinea maculata and one relatively abundant species Spiranthes spiralis were also examined. I employed probabilistic models to infer threat of four species (C. longifolia, H. paludosa, N. maculata, and P. albida).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/78361
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The reproductive biology, population dynamics, production and fishery of the freshwater clam Galatea paradoxa (Born, 1778) in the Volta river, Ghana.
(2010)
Adjei-Boateng, Daniel
The reproductive biology, population dynamics, production and fishery of the freshwater clam Galatea paradoxa (Born, 1778) in the Volta river, Ghana.
(2010)
Adjei-Boateng, Daniel
Abstract:
THESIS 9091
The reproductive biology, population dynamics and production of Galatea paradoxa (Bom 1778) (Donacidae) which is the basis of an artisanal fishery at the Volta River Estuary, Ghana, was studied from March 2008 to February 2010. Histological observation of the gonads revealed that G. paradoxa is gonochoristic with a dominance of females (80%) and a high incidence of hermaphrodites (9.4%). The reproductive cycle is annual with a single spawning event between July and October. Gametogenesis starts in December and progresses steadily to a peak in June-July when spawning begin until November when the animals are spent. Condition and gonadal indices showed a clear relationship with the gametogenic stages rising from minimum values in stage (I) at the start of gametogenesis to maximum values at stages (IIIA) ripe and (IIIB) start of spawning (June - August) before declining significantly to minimum values in stage (IV) spent.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/78797
Marked
Mark
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling: role in bone biology and potential therapeutic target for bone repair
(2017)
Sartawi, Ziad; Schipani, Ernestina; Ryan, Katie B.; Waeber, Christian
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling: role in bone biology and potential therapeutic target for bone repair
(2017)
Sartawi, Ziad; Schipani, Ernestina; Ryan, Katie B.; Waeber, Christian
Abstract:
The lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) affects cellular functions in most systems. Interest in its therapeutic potential has increased following the discovery of its G protein-coupled receptors and the recent availability of agents that can be safely administered in humans. Although the role of S1P in bone biology has been the focus of much less research than its role in the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems, it is becoming clear that this lipid influences many of the functions, pathways and cell types that play a key role in bone maintenance and repair. Indeed, S1P is implicated in many osteogenesis-related processes including stem cell recruitment and subsequent differentiation, differentiation and survival of osteoblasts, and coupling of the latter cell type with osteoclasts. In addition, S1P’s role in promoting angiogenesis is well-established. The pleiotropic effects of S1P on bone and blood vessels have significant potential therapeutic implications, as curr...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/4922
Marked
Mark
Platelet Biology in Utero-placental Disease
(2016)
Mullers, Sieglinde M
Platelet Biology in Utero-placental Disease
(2016)
Mullers, Sieglinde M
Abstract:
<p>The link between platelets and utero-placental disease has been an important research question for the last number of decades. The primary aim of this thesis was to comprehensively investigate platelet biology in utero-placental disease using a number of different platelet function assays, in three clinical entities of utero-placental disease: Gestational Hypertension (GH), Pre-eclampsia (PET) and Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). A secondary aim was to correlate platelet function results with clinical outcomes.</p> <p>For the first assay I found that spontaneous platelet aggregation was reduced in utero-placental disease compared with normal pregnancy controls. The second assay tested was a more comprehensive assay of agonist-induced aggregation and I found that platelet aggregation in response to incremental concentrations of a range of different agonists was also reduced in utero-placental disease compared with normal pregnancy controls. The final assay...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/phdtheses/205
Marked
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The benefits of individual versus group work in a biology based laboratory setting
(2017)
Cronin, Michael; McCabe, Anthony
The benefits of individual versus group work in a biology based laboratory setting
(2017)
Cronin, Michael; McCabe, Anthony
Abstract:
Laboratory science classes and group work are almost inextricably linked in student college life today. The merits of both are extolled by both educators and future employers as a fundamental part of a rounded qualified graduate. However, there is little evidence to the contrary, particularly in laboratory based programs. This study aims to determine the students’ perception of the benefits of different working scenarios in a biological laboratory setting. The study followed 32 students in their third year of their college program working in three different biology based laboratory classes. During each of these laboratory classes the students either worked alone, worked with a preferred partner or worked with an assigned partner. The students were asked to grade their experiences in a survey. The students were asked to reflect on the following areas: enjoyment of experience, understanding of activities, laboratory technique and time efficiency. Mixed modal analysis of variance and p...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/5294
Marked
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The biogeography and conservation biology of Spiranthes romanzoffiana Chamisso
(2008)
Lupton, Darach
The biogeography and conservation biology of Spiranthes romanzoffiana Chamisso
(2008)
Lupton, Darach
Abstract:
THESIS 8346
The aim of this research was to gather baseline data on Irish populations of Spiranthes romanzoffiana, a species with an uneven amphi-Atlantic distribution. The species is widespread in North America. In Europe, populations are confined to the west and north east of Ireland and to the Hebridean islands in western Scotland. S. romanzoffiana is protected in the Republic of Ireland by the Wildlife Act (1967), under the Flora Protection Order [SI 94 of 1999] and is an Irish Red List species. Four sample populations in the Republic of Ireland were studied to determine the ecology, population, reproductive and pollination biology of S. romanzoffiana. Threats to the species' persistence were assessed at each site. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and chloroplast microsatellite markers were used to determine the level of genetic diversity and differentiation within and between Irish, Scottish and North American samples.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/86452
Marked
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Systems biology identifies preserved integrity but impaired metabolism of mitochondria due to a glycolytic defect in Alzheimer's disease neurons.
(2019)
Theurey, Pierre; Connolly, Niamh M; Fortunati, Ilaria; Basso, Emy; Lauwen, Susette; Fer...
Systems biology identifies preserved integrity but impaired metabolism of mitochondria due to a glycolytic defect in Alzheimer's disease neurons.
(2019)
Theurey, Pierre; Connolly, Niamh M; Fortunati, Ilaria; Basso, Emy; Lauwen, Susette; Ferrante, Camilla; Moreira Pinho, Catarina; Joselin, Alvin; Gioran, Anna; Bano, Daniele; Park, David S; Ankarcrona, Maria; Pizzo, Paola; Prehn, Jochen HM
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acel.12924">onlinelibrary.wiley.com</a></p>
<p>Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). We here combined experimental and computational approaches to investigate mitochondrial health and bioenergetic function in neurons from a double transgenic animal model of AD (PS2APP/B6.152H). Experiments in primary cortical neurons demonstrated that AD neurons had reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Interestingly, the computational model predicted that this mitochondrial bioenergetic phenotype could not be explained by any defect in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC), but could be closely resembled by a simulated impairment in the mitochondrial NADH flux. Further computational analysis predicted that such an impairment would reduce levels of mitochondrial NADH, both ...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/physiolart/163
Marked
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Conservation biology of Colchicum autumnale L. and Campanula trachelium L. in the Nore Valley, Southeast Ireland
(2004)
Smith, Rhian Jane
Conservation biology of Colchicum autumnale L. and Campanula trachelium L. in the Nore Valley, Southeast Ireland
(2004)
Smith, Rhian Jane
Abstract:
THESIS 7435
The conservation of plant biodiversity can only proceed effectively if it is informed by a detailed biological knowledge of the target species and their constituent populations. The overall aim of this study was to assess the Irish conservation status of Colchicum autumnale and Campanula trachelium in the Nore Valley through the collection, analysis and review of population data relevant to the survival of the species in Ireland. Demography and reproductive biology were investigated using permanent quadrats or by randomly sampling the populations. Genetic diversity within and between populations was investigated using the AFLP DNA fingerprinting technique.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/89093
Marked
Mark
Integrated (meta) genomic and synthetic biology approaches to develop new biocatalysts
(2016)
Parages, María L.; Gutiérrez-Barranquero, José A.; Reen, F. Jerry; Dobson, Alan D.W.; O...
Integrated (meta) genomic and synthetic biology approaches to develop new biocatalysts
(2016)
Parages, María L.; Gutiérrez-Barranquero, José A.; Reen, F. Jerry; Dobson, Alan D.W.; O'Gara, Fergal
Abstract:
In recent years, the marine environment has been the subject of increasing attention from biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries as a valuable and promising source of novel bioactive compounds. Marine biodiscovery programmes have begun to reveal the extent of novel compounds encoded within the enormous bacterial richness and diversity of the marine ecosystem. A combination of unique physicochemical properties and spatial niche-specific substrates, in wide-ranging and extreme habitats, underscores the potential of the marine environment to deliver on functionally novel biocatalytic activities. With the growing need for green alternatives to industrial processes, and the unique transformations which nature is capable of performing, marine biocatalysts have the potential to markedly improve current industrial pipelines. Furthermore, biocatalysts are known to possess chiral selectivity and specificity, a key focus of pharmaceutical drug design. In this review, we discuss how the...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/8850
Marked
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MR/GR Signaling in the Brain during the Stress Response
(2019)
de Kloet, Edo R; Meijer, Onno C
MR/GR Signaling in the Brain during the Stress Response
(2019)
de Kloet, Edo R; Meijer, Onno C
Abstract:
<p>de Kloet ER, Meijer OC. MR/GR Signaling in the Brain during the Stress Response. In: Harvey B, Jaisser F, editors. Aldosterone-Mineralocorticoid Receptor - Cell Biology to Translational Medicine: InTechOpen; 2019.</p>
<p>This contribution is about mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) in their capacity as mediators of glucocorticoid action in the brain. This paradox has evolved because MRs are promiscuous and bind with high-affinity cortisol and corticosterone as well as aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and progesterone. The MRs “see,” however, predominantly glucocorticoids, because of their 100–1000-fold excess over aldosterone; bioavailability is further enhanced because of local regeneration of glucocorticoids by 11βOH-steroid dehydrogenase (HSD-1). In contrast to these glucocorticoid-preferring MR, the evolutionary later appearance of aldosterone-selective MR in epithelial cells depends on co-localization with the oxidase 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase ty...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/molmedart/53
Marked
Mark
The Role of Control and System Theory in Systems Biology
(2007)
Wellstead, Peter
The Role of Control and System Theory in Systems Biology
(2007)
Wellstead, Peter
Abstract:
The use of new technology and mathematics to study the systems of nature is one of the most significant scientific trends of the century. Driven by the need for more precise scientific understand, advances in automated measurement are providing rich new sources of biological and physiological data. This data provides information with which to create mathematical models of increasing sophistication and realism - models that can emulate the performance of biological and physiological systems with sufficient accuracy to advance our understanding of living systems and disease mechanisms. New measurement and modelling methods set the stage for control and systems theory to play their role in seeking out the mechanisms and principles that regulate life. It is of inestimable importance for the future of control as a discipline that this role is performed in the correct manner. If we handle the area wisely then living systems will present a seemly boundless range of important new problems -...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/3647/
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Evidence of Positively Selected Sites in Mammalian a-Defensins
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Lloyd, Andrew T.; Fares, Mario A.; O'Farrelly, Cliona
Evidence of Positively Selected Sites in Mammalian a-Defensins
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Lloyd, Andrew T.; Fares, Mario A.; O'Farrelly, Cliona
Abstract:
Defensins are a family of mammalian antimicrobial peptides that exhibit variable activity against a panel of microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. We have employed a maximum-likelihood approach to detect evidence of positive selection (adaptive evolution) in the evolution of these important molecules of the innate immune response. We have identified 14 amino acid sites that are predicted to be subject to positive selection. Furthermore, we show that all these sites are located in the mature antimicrobial peptide and not in the prepropeptide region of the molecule, implying that they are of functional importance. These results suggest that mammalian a-defensins have been under selective pressure to evolve in response to potentially infectious challenges by fast-evolving microbes.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/320/
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Biology and Behaviour
(2005)
Griffin, Christine; Boemare, N.E.; Lewis, E.E.
Biology and Behaviour
(2005)
Griffin, Christine; Boemare, N.E.; Lewis, E.E.
Abstract:
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are lethal pathogens of insects. These pathogens contribute to the regulation of natural populations of insects, but the main interest in them is as an inundatively applied biocontrol agent. Their success in this role can be attributed to the unique partnership between a host-seeking nematode and a lethal insect-pathogenic bacterium. Because of their biocontrol potential, considerable attention has been directed over the past few decades to Heterorhabditis and Steinernema and their respective bacterial partners, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/735/
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Advances in the biology, diagnosis and host-pathogen interactions of parvovirus B19
(2004)
Doyle, Sean; Corcoran, Amanda
Advances in the biology, diagnosis and host-pathogen interactions of parvovirus B19
(2004)
Doyle, Sean; Corcoran, Amanda
Abstract:
Increased recognition of parvovirus B19(B19), an erythrovirus, as a significant human pathogen that causes fetal loss and severe disease in immunocompromised patients has resulted in intensive efforts to understand the pathogenesis of B19-related disease, to improve diagnostic strategy that is deployed to detect B19 infection and blood-product contamination and, finally, to elucidate the nature of the cellular immune response that is elicited by the virus in diverse patient cohorts. It is becoming clear that at least three related erythrovirus strains (B19, A6/K71 and V9) are circulating in the general population and that viral entry into target cells is mediated by an expanding range of cellular receptors, including P antigen and -integrins. Persistent infection by B19 is emerging as a contributory factor in autoimmune disease, a hypothesis that is constrained by the detection of B19 in the skin of apparently healthy individuals. B19 infection during pregnancy may account for thous...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/163/
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The Redox and Systems Biology of Ergothioneine Biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus
(2016)
Sheridan, Kevin
The Redox and Systems Biology of Ergothioneine Biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus
(2016)
Sheridan, Kevin
Abstract:
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a tri-N-methylated and sulphurised histidine derivative which exhibits antioxidant properties. EGT was first identified in Aspergillus fumigatus, in work pertaining to gliotoxin biosynthesis. Compared to wild-type, EGT levels were elevated in the absence of GliK, a gliotoxin biosynthetic enzyme. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates that deletion of A. fumigatus egtA (AFUA_2G15650), which encodes a trimodular enzyme, abrogated EGT biosynthesis in this opportunistic pathogen. A second EGT biosynthetic enzyme, egtB (AFUA_2G13295), was also identified. EgtB, a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependant cysteine desulphurase, contributed to, but was not essential for, EGT biosynthesis. EGT absence in A. fumigatus ΔegtA significantly reduced resistance to elevated concentrations of H2O2 and menadione, impaired gliotoxin production, increased glutathione biosynthesis, resulted in attenuated conidiation and affected cell wall integrity. EGT deficiency specifically ...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/12099/
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The effects of cooperative learning experiences on achievement, attitudes,and behaviours in biology
(2020)
Alraddadi, Amnah
The effects of cooperative learning experiences on achievement, attitudes,and behaviours in biology
(2020)
Alraddadi, Amnah
Abstract:
Cooperative learning (CL) is an educational approach where small groups work together to achieve a common goal. The method has been observed to be successful, with 900 research studies indicating the effectiveness of cooperative learning over traditional learning (Johnson at al. 2000). Many studies have investigated students’ attitudes towards science and biology (Barmby et al., 2008; Kim & Song, 2009; Nasr & Soltani, 2011). The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has underlined the importance of studying students’ attitudes towards science while considering that a student’s scientific literacy must include attitudes that can benefit the individual and society (OECD, 2010). Moreover, Algarfi (2010) highlighted the impact of pre-service teachers’ perception of and experience in a subject during their teaching practices. Few studies have been carried out on cooperative learning in Ireland, especially with regards to science subjects. The literature re...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/9535
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The potential use of online tools for scientific collaboration by biology researchers
(2014)
Bracken, Fintan; Earls, Daniel; Madders, Catherine; O'Leary, Faye; Ronan, Stephani...
The potential use of online tools for scientific collaboration by biology researchers
(2014)
Bracken, Fintan; Earls, Daniel; Madders, Catherine; O'Leary, Faye; Ronan, Stephanie; Ward, Ciara; Tolan, Paul; Wusteman, Judith
Abstract:
Purpose – This study aims to discover the research practices of biology researchers and to assess the suitability of the OJAX++ Virtual Research Environment (VRE) for these researchers. Design/methodology/approach – Usability testing was used to evaluate the usability of OJAX++ in relation to biology researchers. Interviews with biology researchers in a large Irish university were conducted to investigate their research information behaviour, to establish user requirements in their discipline and to evaluate the feasibility of using OJAX++ in their research. Findings – The results show that biology researchers used online tools extensively in their research but do not use social networking tools. Email and phone conversations are the preferred methods of collaborating with colleagues. The biology researchers found that OJAX++ was easy to use, intuitive and professionally presented but in its present format, OJAX++ does not fit in with current research practices as they do not use We...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5243
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The potential use of online tools for scientific collaboration by biology researchers
(2014)
Bracken, Fintan; Earls, Daniel; Madders, Catherine; O'Leary, Faye; Ronan, Stephani...
The potential use of online tools for scientific collaboration by biology researchers
(2014)
Bracken, Fintan; Earls, Daniel; Madders, Catherine; O'Leary, Faye; Ronan, Stephanie; Tolan, Paul; Ward, Ciara; Wusteman, Judith
Abstract:
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to discover the research practices of biology researchers and to assess the suitability of the OJAX++ Virtual Research Environment (VRE) for these researchers. Design/methodology/approach â Usability testing was used to evaluate the usability of OJAX++ in relation to biology researchers. Interviews with biology researchers in a large Irish university were conducted to investigate their research information behaviour, to establish user requirements in their discipline and to evaluate the feasibility of using OJAX++ in their research. Findings - The results show that biology researchers used online tools extensively in their research but do not use social networking tools. E-mail and phone conversations are the preferred methods of collaborating with colleagues. The biology researchers found that OJAX++ was easy to use, intuitive and professionally presented but in its present format, OJAX++ does not fit in with current research practices as ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/3640
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Microfluidic chambers using fluid walls for cell biology
(2018)
Soitu, Cristian; Feuerborn, Alexander; Tan, Ann Na; Walker, Henry; Walsh, Pat A.; Castr...
Microfluidic chambers using fluid walls for cell biology
(2018)
Soitu, Cristian; Feuerborn, Alexander; Tan, Ann Na; Walker, Henry; Walsh, Pat A.; Castrejón-Pita, Alfonso A.; Cook, Peter R.; Walsh, Ed J.
Abstract:
Many proofs of concept have demonstrated the potential of microfluidics in cell biology. However, the technology remains inaccessible to many biologists, as it often requires complex manufacturing facilities (such as soft lithography) and uses materials foreign to cell biology (such as polydimethylsiloxane). Here, we present a method for creating microfluidic environments by simply reshaping fluids on a substrate. For applications in cell biology, we use cell media on a virgin Petri dish overlaid with an immiscible fluorocarbon. A hydrophobic/ fluorophilic stylus then reshapes the media into any pattern by creating liquid walls of fluorocarbon. Microfluidic arrangements suitable for cell culture are made in minutes using materials familiar to biologists. The versatility of the method is demonstrated by creating analogs of a common platform in cell biology, the microtiter plate. Using this vehicle, we demonstrate many manipulations required for cell culture and downstream analysis, i...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/7197
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Gene expression analysis in breast cancer
(2010)
Mehta, Jai Prakash
Gene expression analysis in breast cancer
(2010)
Mehta, Jai Prakash
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among females, both in incidence and death. As meaningful biological understanding of the disease is confounded by the existence of various molecular groups and sub-groups, the challenge for targeted drug development may lie in understanding the molecular mechanisms of various sub-groups in breast cancer. An in-house breast cancer gene expression dataset comprising 17 normal and 104 tumour samples was analysed to identify important genes and pathways relevant to various clinical parameters. Our results identified groups of patients with similar expression profiles, the possible biology driving them and the clinical implications. Comparing Normal and Cancer specimens’ gene expression profiles, TP53, along with cell cycle genes, were up-regulated in cancer samples. Embryonic stem cell pathway genes were up-regulated, while fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were down-regulated in tumors vs normal. The cancer specimens largely clustered...
http://doras.dcu.ie/15050/
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