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Displaying Results 176 - 200 of 2992 on page 8 of 120
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Studies towards oligodeoxynucleotide conjugates as potential photoactive antisense agents in chronic myeloid leukaemia
(2002)
Crean, Conor
Studies towards oligodeoxynucleotide conjugates as potential photoactive antisense agents in chronic myeloid leukaemia
(2002)
Crean, Conor
Abstract:
THESIS 6542
The research presented in this thesis concerns the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) conjugates and their use in the photochemical induction of oxidative damage to specific nucleic acid bases in a complementary ODN target strand as shown below: 5`T G A C C A T C A A T A A G G A A G A A G C C C T T C A G C G G C C3`, 3`G G T A G T T A T T C C T T C T T ?sensitiser. The target strand used is an ODN model of the bcr/abl oncogenic mRNA present in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). As such, the aim of this research is the development of potential photoactive antisense agents, which could be used in future experiments to hinder expression of the oncogenic mRNA and be used in the development of therapeutic agents to treat CML. ODN conjugates were synthesised with photosensitising molecules, which were derivatives of a ruthenium polypyridyl complex and pteridinone derivatives. Thus, molecules were synthesised with functional groups that could be activated towards couplin...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/81819
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Enhancing the oxygen vacancy formation and migration in bulk chromium(iii) oxide by alkali metal doping: a change from isotropic to anisotropic oxygen diffusion
(2017)
Carey, John J.; Nolan, Michael
Enhancing the oxygen vacancy formation and migration in bulk chromium(iii) oxide by alkali metal doping: a change from isotropic to anisotropic oxygen diffusion
(2017)
Carey, John J.; Nolan, Michael
Abstract:
Oxygen vacancy formation and migration are vital properties for reducible oxides such as TiO2, CeO2 and Cr2O3 as the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of these materials are important for a wide range of applications in photovoltaics, oxidative catalysis and solid oxide fuel cells. Substitutional doping these transition metal oxides enhances their OSC potential, in particular for oxygenation and surface reaction chemistry. This study uses density functional theory with on-site Coulomb interactions (PBE+U) for Cr 3d states (+U = 5 eV) and O 2p states (+U = 5.5 eV) to calculate the oxygen vacancy formation energy and oxygen diffusion pathways for alkali metal (Li, K, Na, Rb) doping of bulk chromium(III) oxide (α-Cr2O3). Substitutional doping of the lattice Cr3+ cations with alkali metals that have a +1 oxidation state, creates two hole states on the neighbouring lattice O atoms, and removal of a lattice oxygen charge compensates the dopants by filling the holes. The removal of the next ox...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/4948
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Mediated water electrolysis in biphasic systems
(2017)
Scanlon, Micheál D; Peljo, Pekka; Rivier, Lucie; Vrubel, Heron; Girault, Hubert H
Mediated water electrolysis in biphasic systems
(2017)
Scanlon, Micheál D; Peljo, Pekka; Rivier, Lucie; Vrubel, Heron; Girault, Hubert H
Abstract:
The full text of this article will not be available in ULIR until the embargo expires on the 2/8/2018
The concept of efficient electrolysis by linking photoelectrochemical biphasic H2 evolution and water oxidation processes in the cathodic and anodic compartments of an H-cell, respectively, is introduced. Overpotentials at the cathode and anode are minimised by incorporating light-driven elements into both biphasic reactions. The concepts viability is demonstrated by electrochemical H2 production from water splitting utilising a polarised water-organic interface in the cathodic compartment of a prototype H-cell. At the cathode the reduction of decamethylferrocenium cations ([Cp2*Fe(III)]+) to neutral decamethylferrocene (Cp2*Fe(II)) in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solvent takes place at the solid electrode/oil interface. This electron transfer process induces the ion transfer of a proton across the immiscible water/oil interface to maintain electroneutrality in the oil phase. The oi...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6234
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Progressing the Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry and Biological Evaluation of Phenanthrolines
(2014)
McCarron, Pauraic
Progressing the Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry and Biological Evaluation of Phenanthrolines
(2014)
McCarron, Pauraic
Abstract:
The work described in this thesis concerns: (i) the synthesis and characterisation of ternary 1,10-phenenthroline/dicarboxylate Ag(I), Cu(II) and Mn(II) complexes and their in vitro/in vivo antifungal, antibacterial and antineoplastic capabilities; (ii) the development of a novel, high yielding, rapid and chromatography-free synthetic protocol for the formation of families of existing and new imidazo-phenanthroline ligands that allow for the modular assembly and covalent inclusion of an ensemble of varied functional groups and cellular targeting molecules; (iii) the synthesis of Cu(II) complexes incorporating these imidazo-phenanthroline ligands and their assessment as artificial mellonucleases; (iv) the synthesis of phenanthroline-oxazine (phenoxazine) ligands via an unusual cyclisation reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione and specific aromatic amino acid esters; (v) the synthesis of a novel imidazo-pheanthroline-folic acid-appended ligand and its corresponding metal complex...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/9124/
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The synthesis and sensing capabilities of new amide, urea and nitrile calix4arenes
(2006)
Schazmann, Benjamin
The synthesis and sensing capabilities of new amide, urea and nitrile calix4arenes
(2006)
Schazmann, Benjamin
Abstract:
The synthesis and host-guest chemistry of new structures based on neutral calix[4]arene supramolecular platforms is investigated. Hosts are substituted to varying degrees with functionalised appendages to form cavities for selectively complexing guests. Functional groups include ureas, amides and nitriles, targeting cations and anions as guest species. The main methods used for transducing complexation events are potentiometry and fluorescence. The various hosts and guests investigated attempt to reflect the versatility and ongoing evolution of state-of- the-art calixarene chemistry within the field of supramolecular chemistry. Throughout the thesis there is particular emphasis on relating host structural changes to changing analytical signal upon complexation with a particular guest. This is the link between the sensing signal and chemistry at a molecular level, the heart of every chemical sensor. The main achievements of this work are a) the development of a urea based chloride s...
http://doras.dcu.ie/16940/
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Questioning for appropriate assessment and learning
(2009)
McCrudden, Edel Brid
Questioning for appropriate assessment and learning
(2009)
McCrudden, Edel Brid
Abstract:
Assessment methods/formats have come to the forefront of issues concerning educationalists in the last few decades as they began to question established methods. These questions were mainly concerned with the understanding that was being assessed of students and what results were telling educators about the way in which their students were engaging with chemistry material. All assessment formats have been grouped essentially into two types: summative and formative assessment. Summative assessment is concerned with an end of term/module assessment which examines students understanding of information/concepts covered during the course of a topic. This provides teachers/lecturers with a grade to award students based on a single examination. This study has investigated three forms of assessment: the summative assessment employed at Leaving Certificate level for Chemistry and the formative assessment methods used in two chemistry modules in Dublin City University. This study is divided i...
http://doras.dcu.ie/2356/
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University-School Partnerships: on the impact on students of Summer Schools (for school students aged 17-18) run by Bristol ChemLabS
(2010)
GRAYSON, DAVID
University-School Partnerships: on the impact on students of Summer Schools (for school students aged 17-18) run by Bristol ChemLabS
(2010)
GRAYSON, DAVID
Abstract:
Chemistry summer schools for 17-18 year old school students in the UK were run by Bristol ChemLabS, a Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning in Chemistry at the University of Bristol. Students attending were all studying Chemistry at post-16 level (A level in the UK) and experienced not only new practical techniques but also lectures on cutting-edge science as well as interacting with postgraduate role models. The students completed pre and post summer school questionnaires to ascertain the impact of the summer school on them. Paired t-tests were used to ascertain significant changes at the 2? level. There was no significant difference observed for self-concepts in Chemistry and Mathematics. For creative self-concept there was a significant increase (1?) for females but not males and a significant increase in academic selfconcept for the whole cohort. There was a high level of enjoyment of the summer school. There were a range of reasons for students attending the summer sch...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/50686
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Scaffolding for Cognitive Overload Using Pre-lecture E-Resources (SCOPE) for First Year Chemistry Undergraduates
(2012)
McDonnell, Claire M; O'Connor, Christine; Rawe, Sarah
Scaffolding for Cognitive Overload Using Pre-lecture E-Resources (SCOPE) for First Year Chemistry Undergraduates
(2012)
McDonnell, Claire M; O'Connor, Christine; Rawe, Sarah
Abstract:
The aims of this project were: to develop additional online pre-lecture resources for first year chemistry undergraduates at level 7 and 8 to complement those prepared in the 2010/2911 academic year for level 8 students by Dr. Michael Seery as part of his teaching fellowship, and to evaluate the effect of implementing the resources with this year by analysing quantitative (test and exam results) and qualitative (pre-and post-implementation surveys and focus group interviews) data. Ten pre-lecture activities on organic chemistry were prepared and used with 87 level 8 students in Semester 2 and ten more on general chemistry topics have been developed and will be implemented with level 7 students in September 2012. Analysis of the mid-semester test and examination results of the students with whom the resources were used in semester 2 showed that, among groups with similar CAO points level, the gap in performance between those who had and had not studied chemistry at Leaving Cert was e...
https://arrow.dit.ie/fellow/26
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Thermo and salt responsive poly(ionic liquid)s.
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Francis, Wayne; Diamond, Dermot
Thermo and salt responsive poly(ionic liquid)s.
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Francis, Wayne; Diamond, Dermot
Abstract:
Poly(ionic liquid)s are defined as ionic liquids which feature polymerizable groups in either the cation, the anion, or both. The aim of this study is to synthesize a tributylhexyl phosphonium sulfopropyl acrylate (PSPA) poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) hydrogel and characterise its temperature and salt concentration induced shrinking. The gels were polymerised in circular moulds and were hydrated in deionized water (DI water). The percent shrinking upon exposure to a stimulus was calculated using the formula: %s = (Ai- Af)/Ai x 100, where Ai is the initial area of the swollen hydrogel and Af is the final area of the hydrogel after the application of the stimulus.
http://doras.dcu.ie/20725/
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Cleavage of unreactive bonds with pincer metal complexes
(2011)
Albrecht, Martin; Lindner, Monika M.
Cleavage of unreactive bonds with pincer metal complexes
(2011)
Albrecht, Martin; Lindner, Monika M.
Abstract:
Since the first reports some three decades ago, the chemistry of pincer metal complexes has seen a tremendous development with impact on materials chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, bioorganometallics, and, presumably most significantly, on (catalytic) bond making and breaking processes. The remarkable progress is due to a large extent to the well-defined nature and tunability of the pincer ligand which allows the reactivity of the metal center to be modified and eventually tailored to specific needs. This Perspective summarizes the achievements in employing pincer complexes for mediating and catalyzing the cleavage of typically unreactive bonds such as C–H, C–C, C–E, and E–H bonds, arguably one of the most spectacular applications of pincer chemistry.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/6720
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Dual-responsive poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Gallagher, Simon; Diamond, Dermot
Dual-responsive poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Gallagher, Simon; Diamond, Dermot
http://doras.dcu.ie/20727/
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Poly(ionic liquid) based dual responsive smart hydrogels
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Gallagher, Simon; Diamond, Dermot
Poly(ionic liquid) based dual responsive smart hydrogels
(2015)
Tudor, Alexandru; Florea, Larisa; Gallagher, Simon; Diamond, Dermot
Abstract:
Poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) are a subclass of ionic liquid that feature polymerizable groups either in the cation, the anion or both. Applications of these materials include solid ion conductors, CO2 absorption and energy storage. Furthermore, a branch of PILs feature lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behaviour, making them suitable for the synthesis of temperature responsive materials. The aim of this study was to synthesize thermo-responsive crosslinked PIL hydrogels based on phosphonium PILs. Moreover, taking into account that these PIL hydrogels consist of polyelectrolyte chains, the effect of added salt was also investigated.
http://doras.dcu.ie/20912/
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Autonomous analyser platforms for remote monitoring of water quality
(2011)
Diamond, Dermot; Cleary, John; Maher, Damien; Kim, Jung Ho; Lau, King-Tong
Autonomous analyser platforms for remote monitoring of water quality
(2011)
Diamond, Dermot; Cleary, John; Maher, Damien; Kim, Jung Ho; Lau, King-Tong
Abstract:
This paper describes progress in the realization of reliable, relatively low-cost autonomous microfluidic analysers that are capable of monitoring the chemistry of water bodies for significant periods of time (weeks, months) without human intervention. The data generated is transmitted wireless to a remote web server and transferred to a web-database that renders data access location independent. Preliminary results obtained from a ‘matchbox’ scale analyzer are also presented and routes to the realization of next generation platforms discussed.
http://doras.dcu.ie/16651/
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Synthesis and characterisation of a series of novel mononuclear and surface active dinuclear ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) polypyridyl complexes
(2002)
Guckian, Adrian Liam
Synthesis and characterisation of a series of novel mononuclear and surface active dinuclear ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) polypyridyl complexes
(2002)
Guckian, Adrian Liam
Abstract:
The synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical characterisation of a series of mononuclear and dinuclear ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes is described. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the area of supramolecular chemistry. The complex [Ru(bpy)3]2 , the parent complex of modem supramolecular chemistry is also introduced. Chapter 2 is a general introduction to the physical measurements of the complexes which have been synthesised. The techniques of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), UV/Visible spectroscopy, fluorimetry, spectroelectrochemistry and electrochemistry are all briefly described to provide an insight into the application of these techniques later in the thesis. Chapter 3 provides an introduction to the ligands used to synthesise the complexes described in Chapters 3, 4 and 5. The ligands all contain a fused 5 and 6 membered ring, with the 5 membered ring having an imidazo-type functionality in the case of all the...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17191/
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A microfluidic platform for multi-parametric water quality analysis
(2012)
Cleary, John; Maher, Damien; Cogan, Deirdre; Diamond, Dermot
A microfluidic platform for multi-parametric water quality analysis
(2012)
Cleary, John; Maher, Damien; Cogan, Deirdre; Diamond, Dermot
Abstract:
A microfluidic analyser platform for a number of key water quality parameters has been developed. The platform utilises colorimetric reagent chemistry for detection and quantification of phosphate, nitrate, pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The system integrates microfluidic analytical systems, optical detection systems, and wireless communications into a low-cost, portable device capable of autonomous operation under environmental conditions for extended periods. The platform has been successfully tested and validated under various conditions including deployments in freshwater, estuarine water and municipal wastewater. The system uses the vanadomolybophosphoric acid method for phosphate detection, the chromotropic acid method for nitrate detection, a combination of pH indicators for pH measurement, and a variation of the standard method using dichromate for COD analysis. In each case a colour change is developed after mixing the water sample with a reagent (or combination of re...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17253/
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The use of an intervention programme to improve undergraduate students’ chemical knowledge and address their misconceptions
(2012)
Regan, Áine
The use of an intervention programme to improve undergraduate students’ chemical knowledge and address their misconceptions
(2012)
Regan, Áine
Abstract:
The increase in the percentage of Irish students entering third level education means that many students choosing Science programmes do not have an adequate foundation in Science. This study is an attempt to increase retention amongst under-prepared students in undergraduate Science programmes by providing support to improve their Chemistry understanding. An Intervention Programme was designed for three course groups of students, who have been previously identified as low-achievers in Chemistry. This programme consisted of two semesters of tutorials: Phase 1 focusing on basic Chemistry concepts and ideas and Phase 2 focusing on the mole and chemical calculations. The tutorials utilised various strategies including peerlearning and assessment, formative assessment and inquiry-based learning. A pre- and post-diagnostic test of chemical concepts and misconceptions was designed and administered in the first and last tutorial session of each phase. Students’ performance in both the pre- ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2488
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The application of capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to the analysis of anaerobic and cyanoacrylate adhesives
(2002)
McCullagh, Niamh M.
The application of capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to the analysis of anaerobic and cyanoacrylate adhesives
(2002)
McCullagh, Niamh M.
Abstract:
This thesis details the application of separation techniques to the analysis of anaerobic and cyanoacrylate adhesives Chapter 1 is an introduction to adhesives, where the chemistry, composition and analysis of both types of adhesives are discussed. Chapter 2 represents the analytical study into the determination of the products of decomposition of two reducing agents in anaerobic adhesives. The decomposition of the reducing agents, 1,2,3,4 tetrahydroquinohne and dihydropyndine, in the presence of saccharin, maleic acid, cumene hydroperoxide and the metals, iron and copper, was investigated utilising Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. A system was developed which was applied to the LC/MS determination of the products. This chapter also includes a brief discussion on LC/MS and the cure chemistry of the cyanoacrylate adhesives. In Chapter 3 the application of Capillary Electrophoresis to the separation of basic components found in cyanoacrylate adhesives is detailed. This chapt...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18054/
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Organic synthesis in ionic liquids
(2003)
Ryan, Robert
Organic synthesis in ionic liquids
(2003)
Ryan, Robert
Abstract:
Solvents play an important role in organic chemistry. Most reactions must be carried out in organic solvents, thus chemists have to deal with large volumes of solvents everyday. Solvents are highly damaging chemicals for two main reasons; (a) they are used on a large scale and (b) they are volatile which makes storage and handling difficult. For environmental protection and reduction of damage to humans, clean technologies have become a major concern throughout both industry and academia. Therefore, the search for the replacement of damaging solvents has become a high priority. Based on such an idea, reactions involving the room temperature and moisture stable 1,3- dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids, have been carried out in an effort to replace the common bench solvents. They are a new type of solvent with attractive properties allowing for their use as both solvent and catalyst in some cases. Therefore, throughout this project the ambient temperature 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic l...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18202/
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Development of some capillary electrophoretic separations and enzyme-based sensors for substances of pharmaceutical and biomedical interest
(1997)
Robinson, Gemma M
Development of some capillary electrophoretic separations and enzyme-based sensors for substances of pharmaceutical and biomedical interest
(1997)
Robinson, Gemma M
Abstract:
The development of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) over the past decade has witnessed continued expansion, and it is now recognised as a powerful analytical technique. In Chapter 1 the concepts of CE are introduced and the various separation modes available to CE are discussed. Combinatorial Chemistry is a technique that is rapidly re-shaping the drug discovery process. This novel and cost-effective approach is capable of synthesising vast numbers of chemical variants all at one time, followed by the screening of these molecules for their bio-activity. This growing interest in combinatorial chemistry by the pharmaceutical industry has influenced the development of new analytical techniques for the analysis of such complex molecules. In Chapter 2 a CE method was developed for the separation of NSG-peptoid combinatorial libraries. In total, six libraries were examined. The separation power and versatility of CE makes it an ideal tool for the analysis of such libraries. A particular att...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19317/
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Green photochemistry: solar synthesis of fine chemicals, development of novel porphyrin nano structured solid supported sensitizers and implementation of a novel photochemical microflow reactor.
(2013)
Joyce, Kieran
Green photochemistry: solar synthesis of fine chemicals, development of novel porphyrin nano structured solid supported sensitizers and implementation of a novel photochemical microflow reactor.
(2013)
Joyce, Kieran
Abstract:
This work describes the homogeneous dye sensitized photooxygenations of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,5-DHN), β-citronellol and α-terpinene in a series of low molecular weight alcohols under both artificial light (500 W halogen lamp) and natural light (sunlight) conditions. The reactions were assessed for greenness using the twelve principles of green chemistry and several key factors were identified as having a significant negative impact on this greenness. These were primarily, waste generation due to column chromatography, high water wastage due to essential cooling and high electrical energy demand. Upon identification of these factors, sensitizers were covalently bound to a series of solid supports including; Merrifield resins, silica nano particles and magnetic iron oxide nano particles. Covalent immobilisation of sensitizers onto these solid supports allowed for their facile removal from the reaction mixture post irradiation via centrifugation or external magnetic field. This s...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19381/
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Stimuli-responsive materials: the fundamental building block for new concepts in polymer-based sensors and actuators
(2013)
Diamond, Dermot
Stimuli-responsive materials: the fundamental building block for new concepts in polymer-based sensors and actuators
(2013)
Diamond, Dermot
http://doras.dcu.ie/19682/
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Zeolite-Y scaffolded donor-acceptor systems for nanoelectronics
(2014)
Sewell , Gavin
Zeolite-Y scaffolded donor-acceptor systems for nanoelectronics
(2014)
Sewell , Gavin
Abstract:
Zeolites can act as hosts for supramolecular organization of molecules and complexes. A key objective in supramolecular chemistry is the development of donor acceptor systems capable of controlled photoinduced electron and energy transfer. This thesis focuses on a fundamental study of the capacity of zeolite materials to accommodate dipolar communication between metal complex guest species as well as exploring the effect of zeolite materials on the photophysical properties of guest molecules. Chapter 1 and 2 outline the current state of zeolite host-guest chemistry and the experimental procedures and instrumentation ultilised in this work. Chapter 3 investigates the ability of Y-zeolite to accommodate energy transfer processes between co-doped donors and acceptors. A series of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (where bpy is 2,2’-bipyridine) doped Zeolite Y materials co-doped with iron polypyridyl complexes [Fe(bpy)3]2+ and [Fe(tpy)2]2+ were prepared via the ‘ship in a bottle’ syntesis. The co-encapsulat...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19759/
Marked
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The development of an autonomous sensing platform for the monitoring of ammonia in water using a simplified Berthelot method
(2014)
Cogan , Deirdre ; Fay, Cormac; Rickard , Aoife ; Cleary, John; Phelan, Thomas; Jankowsk...
The development of an autonomous sensing platform for the monitoring of ammonia in water using a simplified Berthelot method
(2014)
Cogan , Deirdre ; Fay, Cormac; Rickard , Aoife ; Cleary, John; Phelan, Thomas; Jankowski, Kamil; Bowkett , Mark ; Diamond, Dermot
Abstract:
This study demonstrates that by combining a modified version of the Berthelot method with microfluidic technologies and LED based optical detection systems, a low cost monitoring system for detection of ammonia in fresh water and wastewater can be developed. The assay developed is a variation on the Berthelot method, eliminating several steps previously associated with the method to create a nontoxic and simple colorimetric assay. The previous Berthelot method required the addition of three reagents, mixed sequentially with the sample, which complicates the microfluidic system design. With the modified method, comparable results were attained using a single reagent addition step at a 1:1 v/v reagent to sample ratio, which significantly simplifies the fluidic handling requirement for integration into an autonomous sensing platform. The intense colour generated in the presence of ammonia is detected at a wavelength of 660 nm. The method allows for ammonia determination up to 12 mg/L ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/20320/
Marked
Mark
Low cost autonomous chemical sensors for the direct determination of ammonia and nitrate in water
(2014)
Cogan , Deirdre ; Cleary, John; Diamond, Dermot
Low cost autonomous chemical sensors for the direct determination of ammonia and nitrate in water
(2014)
Cogan , Deirdre ; Cleary, John; Diamond, Dermot
http://doras.dcu.ie/20329/
Marked
Mark
Current and Potential Applications of Bismuth-Based Drugs.
(2014)
Keogan, Donal M; Griffith, Darren M
Current and Potential Applications of Bismuth-Based Drugs.
(2014)
Keogan, Donal M; Griffith, Darren M
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/9/15258">http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/9/15258</a></p>
<p>Bismuth compounds have been used extensively as medicines and in particular for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments. In addition to bismuth's well known gastroprotective effects and efficacy in treating H. pylori infection it also has broad anti-microbial, anti-leishmanial and anti-cancer properties. Aspects of the biological chemistry of bismuth are discussed and biomolecular targets associated with bismuth treatment are highlighted. This review strives to provide the reader with an up to date account of bismuth-based drugs currently used to treat patients and discuss potential medicinal applications of bismuth drugs with reference to recent developments in the literature. Ultimately this review aims to encourage original contributions to this exciting and important field.</p>
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/pmcart/4
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