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'education' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 7601 - 7625 of 9693 on page 305 of 388
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Language assessment of native Irish speaking children: towards developing diagnostic testing for speech and language therapy practice.
(2016)
Muckley, Sarah-Ann
Language assessment of native Irish speaking children: towards developing diagnostic testing for speech and language therapy practice.
(2016)
Muckley, Sarah-Ann
Abstract:
Knowledge of typical language development, where available, is used as a comparative tool for the education of referral agents as well as for the efficacious assessment and treatment of language difficulties in children. Differing challenging structures or “problem spaces” (Bates, 2004, p.248) across languages result in differing patterns of development across languages. This cross-linguistic variety means that, for clinical purposes, knowledge of typical language development needs to be language specific (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 1985; Bates, Devescovi & Wulfeck, 2001; Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, 2005; Thordardottir, 2005; Irish Association of Speech and Language Therapists, 2006). The aim of this thesis is to investigate typical Irish language production in bilingual L1 Irish speaking children for clinical purposes. Specifically, multiple language measures, including many which have been found to develop with age and differentiate be...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/5900
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Labor-Market Returns to the GED Using Regression Discontinuity Analysis
(2016)
Jepsen, Christopher; Mueser, Peter; Troske, Kenneth
Labor-Market Returns to the GED Using Regression Discontinuity Analysis
(2016)
Jepsen, Christopher; Mueser, Peter; Troske, Kenneth
Abstract:
We evaluate returns to General Educational Development (GED) certification for high school dropouts using state administrative data. We apply a fuzzy regression discontinuity method to account for test takers retaking the test. For women we find that GED certification has no statistically significant effect on either employment or earnings. For men we find a significant increase in earnings in the second year after taking the test but no impact in subsequent years. GED certification increases postsecondary school enrollment by 4–8 percentage points. Our results differ from regression discontinuity approaches that fail to account for test retaking.
2016-06-29 JG: PDF replaced with published version at publisher's request
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7729
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Library Association of Ireland Task Force on Information Literacy (TFIL): Challenges and New Directions
(2016)
Russell, Philip; McGuinness, Claire; Burns, Jane
Library Association of Ireland Task Force on Information Literacy (TFIL): Challenges and New Directions
(2016)
Russell, Philip; McGuinness, Claire; Burns, Jane
Abstract:
This paper outlines the work of Library Association of Ireland’s (LAI) Task Force on Information Literacy (TFIL), which was convened in 2011 to make recommendations to the LAI for the development of a cohesive national strategy for information literacy education and advocacy across all LIS sectors in Ireland. The paper will outline the background to the development of TFIL and how the group came together to advance the recommendations of the LAI Working Group on Information Literacy (WGIL – 2006-2008). TFIL is represented by all library sectors and the paper will describe how TFIL has played a significant role in advancing a policy driven approach for digital and information literacy at national level and outline the rationale for the recent merger of TFIL with the LAI Task Force on Literacy & Numeracy. The paper will present the terms of reference of the group in the context of Government strategies for digital and information literacy and highlight the key role to be played by...
https://arrow.dit.ie/ittsupcon/5
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The uptake of Continuous Professional Competency by Prehospital Care Providers delivered via live presentations and on-line video feed.
(2016)
Ellis, Glen; Ryan, Grainne; Ryan, Damien
The uptake of Continuous Professional Competency by Prehospital Care Providers delivered via live presentations and on-line video feed.
(2016)
Ellis, Glen; Ryan, Grainne; Ryan, Damien
Abstract:
Background: The delivery of continuing professional competency (CPC) education to prehospital care providers in Ireland has evolved to include online and social media based activities. Paramedics and other prehospital care providers have also indicated their support for further online and social media based CPC activities. As a result, in June 2014 the O’Brien Institute CPC (OBI-CPC) Nights project was founded. This event aims to provide regular, live online CPC events for Irish prehospital care providers, free for all to attend. The medium for delivery is via a live video feed hosted on YouTube. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to describe, characterise and evaluate the content of the OBI-CPC Nights project since its formation, and to evaluate the impact and engagement to date. Methods: Total figures for live attendance at on-site event and at satellite sites were obtained. In addition, total views on YouTube for the recorded event was also obtained. An analytical report ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/615176
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Evaluation of the Sacred Art of Living and Dying Spiritual Education Programme
(2015)
Hayden, Deborah; Bates, Ursula
Evaluation of the Sacred Art of Living and Dying Spiritual Education Programme
(2015)
Hayden, Deborah; Bates, Ursula
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/615158
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A palliative care approach in heart failure: knowledge and attitudes of cardiac nurses
(2016)
Barrett, Michelle; Connaire, Kevin
A palliative care approach in heart failure: knowledge and attitudes of cardiac nurses
(2016)
Barrett, Michelle; Connaire, Kevin
Abstract:
Applying the principles and practice of a palliative care approach can enhance quality of life of patients suffering with heart failure yet many nurses misunderstand the role of palliative care. Aim: This study examined the knowledge and attitudes of cardiac nurses of a palliative care approach when caring for heart failure patients. Method: Two validated questionnaires were used to examine the knowledge and attitudes of 102 nurses in three Irish university hospitals. Results: 76 nurses responded (75%) and the study found that there was limited overall knowledge but positive attitudes to palliative care. A positive correlation was identified between higher knowledge scores and positive attitudes, indicating that those with greater knowledge of palliative care demonstrated more favourable attitudes to caring for dying patients. Conclusion: Addressing the palliative care needs of heart failure patients requires education and training and this study identified specific education...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/615128
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Text mining StackOverflow: an insight into challenges and subject-related difficulties faced by computer science learners
(2016)
Joorabchi, Arash; English, Michael; Mahdi, Abdulhussain E.
Text mining StackOverflow: an insight into challenges and subject-related difficulties faced by computer science learners
(2016)
Joorabchi, Arash; English, Michael; Mahdi, Abdulhussain E.
Abstract:
Purpose The use of social media and in particular community Q&A websites by learners has increased significantly in recent years. The vast amounts of data posted on these sites provide an opportunity to investigate the topics under discussion and those receiving most attention. The purpose of this article is to automatically analyse the content of a popular computer programming Q&A website, StackOverflow, determine the exact topics of posted Q&As, and narrow down their categories to help determine subject difficulties of learners. By doing so, we have been able to rank identified topics and categories according to their frequencies and, therefore, mark the most asked about subjects and, hence, identify the most difficult and challenging topics commonly faced by learners of computer programming and software development. Design/methodology/approach In this work we have adopted a heuristic research approach combined with a text mining approach to investigat...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5099
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Poitín – a Spirit of Rebellion and Inspiration
(2016)
Murphy, James Peter
Poitín – a Spirit of Rebellion and Inspiration
(2016)
Murphy, James Peter
Abstract:
Abstract: Poitín is Ireland’s most ancient spirit distilled in rural locations for many centuries, its dark and chequered history continues to intrigue tourists and people alike, often referred to as Ireland’s Mescal, Cachaca or Grappa. This drink which preserved many rural communities and saved them from falling into poverty, driven underground for over 300 years it is making a significant comeback. This paper will explore the evolution of this ancient Irish spirit from its earliest mentions to its modern day popularity in the world of distilled spirits. Poitín is history in a bottle it is inextricably woven into the fabric of Ireland and its development over the centuries has been closely linked with the story of the Irish distilling industry. Poitín was demonised for so long by the Church, corrupted by the licensed whiskey distillers and actively witch hunted by the excise and tax men, many people gave their lives to protect this beverage. Everyone has a story or song to tell sur...
https://arrow.dit.ie/tfschcafcon/43
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Overcoming Fraud & Dishonesty in the Hospitality Industry
(2016)
Murphy, James Peter
Overcoming Fraud & Dishonesty in the Hospitality Industry
(2016)
Murphy, James Peter
Abstract:
The licensed industry is an increasingly competitive market place, many bars have responded by empowering staff and undertaking structural and management reforms in recent years. Undoubtedly, these changes have significantly raised the levels of customer service and enhanced customer satisfaction. Paradoxically these changes, combined with the responsibilities allocated to bar staff and management to supervise and manage bars with autonomous control have created more fertile conditions, scope and opportunity for dishonest actions by staff members. The way licensed premises approach the issue of staff fraud is changing in response to the increased risk. Many bars have historically been anxious to play down the threat from within their premises or group and have been reluctant to admit to the scale of the problem or the associated financial losses. However, for many licensed premises, the days when the publican or general manager would handle most staff fraud cases quietly with no pub...
https://arrow.dit.ie/tfschcafcon/44
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UL Hospitals Group Healthy Ireland Implementation Plan 2016-2019
(2016)
UL Hospitals Group
UL Hospitals Group Healthy Ireland Implementation Plan 2016-2019
(2016)
UL Hospitals Group
Abstract:
This implementation plan builds on current health and wellbeing practices which are already underway across the UL Hospitals Group, including patient education programmes, staff stress management and leisure time opportunities. A comprehensive survey of staff physical activity was undertaken in 2015 with a 30% response rate (n=1003) and the results of this are reflected in the provision of environmental supports to promote physical activity and active commuting. The UL Hospitals Group has positioned health and wellbeing under the executive team’s governance to signpost the leadership’s commitment to the successful implementation of Healthy Ireland within the group.
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/615627
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A Process Study Evaluation of the Greater Tomorrow Crèche and Ballyhaunis Community Preschool Services, Ballyhaunis, Co. Mayo
(2016)
Moran, L.; Garrity. S; McGregor, C; Devaney, C.
A Process Study Evaluation of the Greater Tomorrow Crèche and Ballyhaunis Community Preschool Services, Ballyhaunis, Co. Mayo
(2016)
Moran, L.; Garrity. S; McGregor, C; Devaney, C.
Abstract:
This report presents the results of a qualitative, process study evaluation of the Ballyhaunis Community Preschool and ‘Greater Tomorrow’ crèche services, conducted by the UNESCO Child and Family Research Centre (UCFRC), NUI, Galway in 2015. Currently, the community preschool and the crèche facility are located in the grounds of St Mary’s Abbey and the Old Convent grounds respectively, close to Ballyhaunis town centre, Co. Mayo. Together, both services provide childcare spaces for approximately 60 children, employing seven staff in total. In both services, all staff members are qualified to NFQ Level 5 standards or higher. One senior staff member in the crèche is trained to NFQ Level 7, and the manager of both the crèche and preschool services is completing an NFQ Level 8 degree programme in Early Childhood Studies and Practice at NUI, Galway. The Greater Tomorrow crèche caters for children aged between 18 months and 3 years and operates a 4-day service from Monday to Thursday. The ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/615610
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Physical activity experiences of young people in an area of disadvantage: there's nothing there for big kids, like us
(2015)
McEvoy, Eileen; MacPhail, Ann; Enright, Eimear
Physical activity experiences of young people in an area of disadvantage: there's nothing there for big kids, like us
(2015)
McEvoy, Eileen; MacPhail, Ann; Enright, Eimear
Abstract:
Through an examination of the experiences of young people in one disadvantaged area, this paper adds to an emerging body of knowledge focused on what place physical activity occupies in the lives of young people in areas of disadvantage. A total of 40 young people (21 males, 19 females) participated in focus group interviews. The research question explored the forces which enable and constrain the participation of youths in physical activity and the interplay between such forces and how they experience and exercise agency. All focus group interviews were transcribed, coded and thematically analysed. The findings remind us that young people can be seen as positioned within multiple social relations conferred by specific social identities (such as child, friend, brother or sister) and each of these identities influences the ability of youth to exercise agency in choosing whether, where and when to participate in physical activity. Institutional structures also influenced the physical ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5104
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Developing mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge in lesson study: Case study findings
(2016)
Ní Shúilleabháin, Aoibhinn
Developing mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge in lesson study: Case study findings
(2016)
Ní Shúilleabháin, Aoibhinn
Abstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the development of mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) over successive cycles of lesson study. Utilising the framework of mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) (Ball et al., 2008), this research classifies features of PCK as utilised by post-primary mathematics teachers in their planning and reflection conversations in lesson study. The development of these features of PCK is then traced over successive cycles. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 12 teachers in two Irish post-primary schools participated in this research. Over the course of one academic year, these two groups of teachers completed a number of cycles of lesson study and qualitative data were generated through audio recordings of all lesson study meetings and through individual interviews with participants. Findings: Analysis of teacher dialogue reveals distinct features of knowledge of content and students (KCS) and knowledge of co...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/7752
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Is Irish innovation policy working? Evidence from high-technology businesses
(2008)
Jordan, Declan; O'Leary, Eoin
Is Irish innovation policy working? Evidence from high-technology businesses
(2008)
Jordan, Declan; O'Leary, Eoin
Abstract:
In the last decade Irish innovation policy has been focused on Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This paper explores the effects of HEIs, in the context of interaction with other interaction agents, on the innovation output of Irish high-technology businesses. Based on a survey of 184 businesses in the Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Information and Communications Technology and Engineering and Electronic Devices sectors, the paper estimates the importance of in-house R&D activity and external interaction with HEIs, support agencies and other businesses for product and process innovation. A key finding is that the greater the frequency of direct interaction with HEIs the lower the probability of both product and process innovation in these businesses. There is some evidence of a positive indirect HEI effect, through complementarities of interactions with suppliers and support agencies. However, while external interaction is important for innovation output, there is little evide...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2436
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Local labour market diversity and business innovation: evidence from Irish manufacturing businesses
(2012)
McGuirk, Helen; Jordan, Declan
Local labour market diversity and business innovation: evidence from Irish manufacturing businesses
(2012)
McGuirk, Helen; Jordan, Declan
Abstract:
This paper estimates the effect of diversity within local labour markets on business-level innovation. Using survey data and Irish census data, the paper explores whether the diversity of human capital at county level is associated with higher innovation output. Diversity in age, nationality and educational attainment is measured using an index of heterogeneity and its effect on business innovation is estimated using an innovation production function approach. It is found that diversity in nationality and educational attainment is positively associated with the probability of a business product innovating. The findings also suggest that greater external labour market diversity and greater levels of internal third-level education may be substitutes. Where a business is in a diverse location, it may not require higher levels of educational attainment among its workforce to source knowledge for product innovation.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2437
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Solid-state synthesis of embedded single-crystal metal oxide and phosphate nanoparticles and in situ crystallization
(2011)
Díaz, Carlos; Valenzuela, María Luisa; Bravo, Daniel; Dickinson, Calum; O'Dwyer, Colm
Solid-state synthesis of embedded single-crystal metal oxide and phosphate nanoparticles and in situ crystallization
(2011)
Díaz, Carlos; Valenzuela, María Luisa; Bravo, Daniel; Dickinson, Calum; O'Dwyer, Colm
Abstract:
A new solid state organometallic route to embedded nanoparticle-containing inorganic materials is shown, through pyrolysis of metal-containing derivatives of cyclotriphosphazenes. Pyrolysis in air and at 800 °C of new molecular precursors gives individual single-crystal nanoparticles of SiP2O7, TiO2, P4O7, WP2O7 and SiO2, depending on the precursor used. High resolution transmission electron microscopy investigations reveal, in most cases, perfect single crystals of metal oxides and the first nanostructures of negative thermal expansion metal phosphates with diameters in the range 2–6 nm for all products. While all nanoparticles are new by this method, WP2O7 and SiP2O7 nanoparticles are reported for the first time. In situ recrystallization formation of nanocrystals of SiP2O7 was also observed due to electron beam induced reactions during measurements of the nanoparticulate pyrolytic products SiO2 and P4O7. The possible mechanism for the formation of the nanoparticles at much lower ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2814
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An investigation by AFM and TEM of the mechanism of anodic formation of nanoporosity in n-InP in KOH
(2006)
O'Dwyer, Colm; Buckley, D. Noel; Sutton, David; Serantoni, M.; Newcomb, Simon B.
An investigation by AFM and TEM of the mechanism of anodic formation of nanoporosity in n-InP in KOH
(2006)
O'Dwyer, Colm; Buckley, D. Noel; Sutton, David; Serantoni, M.; Newcomb, Simon B.
Abstract:
The early stages of nanoporous layer formation, under anodic conditions in the absence of light, were investigated for n-type InP with a carrier concentration of ∼3× 1018 cm-3 in 5 mol dm-3 KOH and a mechanism for the process is proposed. At potentials less than ∼0.35 V, spectroscopic ellipsometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed a thin oxide film on the surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of electrode surfaces showed no pitting below ∼0.35 V but clearly showed etch pit formation in the range 0.4-0.53 V. The density of surface pits increased with time in both linear potential sweep and constant potential reaching a constant value at a time corresponding approximately to the current peak in linear sweep voltammograms and current-time curves at constant potential. TEM clearly showed individual nanoporous domains separated from the surface by a dense ∼40 nm InP layer. It is concluded that each domain develops as a result of directionally preferential pore propagatio...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2833
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Anodic formation and characterization of nanoporous InP in aqueous KOH electrolytes
(2006)
O'Dwyer, Colm; Buckley, D. Noel; Sutton, David; Newcomb, Simon B.
Anodic formation and characterization of nanoporous InP in aqueous KOH electrolytes
(2006)
O'Dwyer, Colm; Buckley, D. Noel; Sutton, David; Newcomb, Simon B.
Abstract:
The anodic behavior of highly doped (> 1018 cm-3) n-InP in aqueous KOH was investigated. Electrodes anodized in the absence of light in 2- 5 mol dm-3 KOH at a constant potential of 0.5- 0.75 V (SCE), or subjected to linear potential sweeps to potentials in this range, were shown to exhibit the formation of a nanoporous subsurface region. Both linear sweep voltammograms and current-time curves at constant potential showed a characteristic anodic peak, corresponding to formation of the nanoporous region. No porous region was formed during anodization in 1 mol dm-3 KOH. The nanoporous region was examined using transmission electron microscopy and found to have a thickness of some 1- 3 μm depending on the anodization conditions and to be located beneath a thin (typically ∼40 nm), dense, near-surface layer. The pores varied in width from 25 to 75 nm and both the pore width and porous region thickness were found to decrease with increasing KOH concentration. The porosity was approximat...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2835
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Electrical properties of platinum interconnects deposited by electron beam induced deposition of the carbon-free precursor, Pt(PF3)4
(2013)
O'Regan, Colm; Lee, Angelica; Holmes, Justin D.; Petkov, Nikolay; Trompenaars, Pie...
Electrical properties of platinum interconnects deposited by electron beam induced deposition of the carbon-free precursor, Pt(PF3)4
(2013)
O'Regan, Colm; Lee, Angelica; Holmes, Justin D.; Petkov, Nikolay; Trompenaars, Piet; Mulders, Hans
Abstract:
Comprehensive analysis of the electrical properties, structure and composition of Pt interconnects, developed via mask-less, electron beam induced deposition of the carbon-free Pt precursor, Pt(PF3)4, is presented. The results demonstrate significantly improved electrical performance in comparison with that generated from the standard organometallic precursor, (CH3)3Pt(CpCH3). In particular, the Pt interconnects exhibited perfect ohmic behavior and resistivity that can be diminished to 0.24 × 10−3 Ω cm, which is only one order of magnitude higher than bulk Pt, in comparison to 0.2 Ω cm for the standard carbon-containing interconnects. A maximum current density of 1.87 × 107 A cm−2 was achieved for the carbon-free Pt, compared to 9.44 × 105 A cm−2 for the standard Pt precursor. The enhanced electrical properties of the as-deposited materials can be explained by the absence of large amounts of carbon impurities, and their further improvement by postdeposition annealing in N2. In-situ ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2795
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Resist-substrate interface tailoring for generating high density arrays of Ge and Bi2Se3 nanowires by electron beam lithography
(2012)
Hobbs, Richard G.; Schmidt, Michael; Bolger, Ciara T.; Georgiev, Yordan M.; Fleming, Pe...
Resist-substrate interface tailoring for generating high density arrays of Ge and Bi2Se3 nanowires by electron beam lithography
(2012)
Hobbs, Richard G.; Schmidt, Michael; Bolger, Ciara T.; Georgiev, Yordan M.; Fleming, Peter G.; Morris, Michael A.; Petkov, Nikolay; Holmes, Justin D.; Xiu, Faxian; Wang, Kang L.; Djara, Vladimir; Yu, Ran; Colinge, Jean-Pierre
Abstract:
The authors report a chemical process to remove the native oxide on Ge and Bi2Se3 crystals, thus facilitating high-resolution electron beam lithography (EBL) on their surfaces using a hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist. HSQ offers the highest resolution of all the commercially available EBL resists. However, aqueous HSQ developers such as NaOH and tetramethylammonium hydroxide have thus far prevented the fabrication of high-resolution structures via the direct application of HSQ to Ge and Bi2Se3, due to the solubility of components of their respective native oxides in these strong aqueous bases. Here we provide a route to the generation of ordered, high-resolution, high-density Ge and Bi2Se3 nanostructures with potential applications in microelectronics, thermoelectric, and photonics devices.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2801
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PEGylated gold nanoparticles: polymer quantification as a function of PEG lengths and nanoparticle dimensions
(2013)
Rahme, Kamil; Hobbs, Richard G.; Chen, Lan; Morris, Michael A.; O'Driscoll, Caitrí...
PEGylated gold nanoparticles: polymer quantification as a function of PEG lengths and nanoparticle dimensions
(2013)
Rahme, Kamil; Hobbs, Richard G.; Chen, Lan; Morris, Michael A.; O'Driscoll, Caitríona M.; Holmes, Justin D.
Abstract:
Au nanoparticles with diameters ranging between 15 and 170 nm have been synthesised in aqueous solution using a seed-mediated growth method, employing hydroxylamine hydrochloride as a reducing agent. Thiolated polyethylene glycol (mPEG-SH) polymers, with molecular weights ranging from 2100 to 51 000 g mol-1, were used as efficient particle stabilising ligands. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements confirmed that the overall mean diameter and zeta potential of the capped nanoparticles increased in a non-linear way with increasing molecular weight of the mPEG-SH ligand. Electron microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis of the polymer-capped nanoparticles, with a mean gold core diameter of 15 nm, revealed that the grafting density of the mPEG-SH ligands decreased from 3.93 to 0.31 PEG nm-2 as the molecular weight of the ligands increased from 2100 to 51 400 g mol-1 respectively, due to increased steric hindrance and polymer conformational entropy with increase in ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2287
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Containing the catalysts: diameter controlled Ge nanowire growth
(2013)
Lotty, Olan; Biswas, Subhajit; Ghoshal, Tandra; Glynn, Colm; O'Dwyer, Colm; Petkov...
Containing the catalysts: diameter controlled Ge nanowire growth
(2013)
Lotty, Olan; Biswas, Subhajit; Ghoshal, Tandra; Glynn, Colm; O'Dwyer, Colm; Petkov, Nikolay; Morris, Michael A.; Holmes, Justin D.
Abstract:
Sub-20 nm diameter Ge nanowires with narrow size distributions were grown from Ag nanoparticle seeds in a supercritical fluid (SCF) growth process. The mean Ge nanowire diameter and size distribution was shown to be dependent upon Ag nanoparticle coalescence, using both spin-coating and a block copolymer (BCP) templating method for particle deposition. The introduction of a metal assisted etching (MAE) processing step in order to "sink" the Ag seeds into the growth substrate, prior to nanowire growth, was shown to dramatically decrease the mean nanowire diameter from 27.7 to 14.4 nm and to narrow the diameter distributions from 22.2 to 6.8 nm. Hence, our BCP-MAE approach is a viable route for controlling the diameters of semiconductor nanowires whilst also ensuring a narrow size distribution. The MAE step in the process was found to have no detrimental effect on the length or crystalline quality of the Ge nanowires synthesised.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2275
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Supercritical-fluid synthesis of FeF2 and CoF2 Li-ion conversion materials
(2013)
Armstrong, Mark J.; Panneerselvam, Arunkumar; O'Regan, Colm; Morris, Michael A.; H...
Supercritical-fluid synthesis of FeF2 and CoF2 Li-ion conversion materials
(2013)
Armstrong, Mark J.; Panneerselvam, Arunkumar; O'Regan, Colm; Morris, Michael A.; Holmes, Justin D.
Abstract:
The synthesis of the Li-ion conversion candidates, FeF2 and CoF2, obtained from the single source organometallic precursors [Fe(tta)3] (tta = C8H4F3O2S), and [Co(hfac)2[middle dot]2H2O] (hfac = C5H1F6O2), respectively, via a novel supercritical fluid (SCF) method is presented. The nature of the synthesis led to highly-crystalline FeF2 and CoF2 powders requiring no additional thermal treatment. The as-obtained powders were investigated for use as potential positive Li-ion conversion electrodes by means of chronopotentiometric measurements. The FeF2 cells displayed high initial capacities following electrochemical conversion (up to [similar]1100 mA h g-1 at a potential of 1.0 V vs. Li/Li+), with appreciable cyclic behaviour over 25 discharge-charge cycles. The deposition of a [similar]5 nm layer of amorphous carbon onto the surface of the active material following SCF treatment, likely facilitated adequate electron transport through an otherwise poorly conducting FeF2 phase. Similarly...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2278
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Ferroelectric nanoparticles, wires and tubes: synthesis, characterisation and applications
(2013)
Varghese, Justin M.; Whatmore, Roger W.; Holmes, Justin D.
Ferroelectric nanoparticles, wires and tubes: synthesis, characterisation and applications
(2013)
Varghese, Justin M.; Whatmore, Roger W.; Holmes, Justin D.
Abstract:
Nanostructured materials are central to the evolution of future electronics and information technologies. Ferroelectrics have already been established as a dominant branch in the electronics sector because of their diverse application range such as ferroelectric memories, ferroelectric tunnel junctions, etc. The on-going dimensional downscaling of materials to allow packing of increased numbers of components onto integrated circuits provides the momentum for the evolution of nanostructured ferroelectric materials and devices. Nanoscaling of ferroelectric materials can result in a modification of their functionality, such as phase transition temperature or Curie temperature (TC), domain dynamics, dielectric constant, coercive field, spontaneous polarisation and piezoelectric response. Furthermore, nanoscaling can be used to form high density arrays of monodomain ferroelectric nanostructures, which is desirable for the miniaturisation of memory devices. This review article highlights ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2271
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Fabrication of arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots via block copolymer self-assembly
(2013)
Varghese, Justin M.; Ghoshal, Tandra; Deepak, Nitin; O'Regan, Colm; Whatmore, Roge...
Fabrication of arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots via block copolymer self-assembly
(2013)
Varghese, Justin M.; Ghoshal, Tandra; Deepak, Nitin; O'Regan, Colm; Whatmore, Roger W.; Morris, Michael A.; Holmes, Justin D.
Abstract:
This Article presents a simple methodology for the fabrication of two-dimensional arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots on n-doped Si substrates via the directed self-assembly of PS-b-PEO block copolymer templates. The approach produces highly ordered PZT nanodot patterns, with lateral widths and heights as small as 20 and 10 nm, respectively, and a coverage density as high as ∼68 × 109 nanodots cm–2. The existence of a perovskite phase in the nanodots was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The piezo-amplitude and ferroelectric domain response obtained from the nanodots, through piezoresponse force microscopy, confirmed the presence of ferroelectricity in the PZT arrays. Notably, PZT nanodots with a thickness ∼10 nm, which is close to the critical size limit of PZT, showed ferroelectric behavior. The presence of a multi-a/c domain structure in the nanodots was attributed to their polycrystalline nature.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2272
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