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Displaying Results 1901 - 1925 of 2052 on page 77 of 83
Marked
Mark
Torus n-Point Functions for $\mathbb{R}$-graded Vertex Operator Superalgebras and Continuous Fermion Orbifolds
(2007)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.; Zuevsky, Alexander
Torus n-Point Functions for $\mathbb{R}$-graded Vertex Operator Superalgebras and Continuous Fermion Orbifolds
(2007)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.; Zuevsky, Alexander
Abstract:
We consider genus one n-point functions for a vertex operator superalgebra with a real grading. We compute all n-point functions for rank one and rank two fermion vertex operator superalgebras. In the rank two fermion case, we obtain all orbifold n-point functions for a twisted module associated with a continuous automorphism generated by a Heisenberg bosonic state. The modular properties of these orbifold n-point functions are given and we describe a generalization of Fay's trisecant identity for elliptic functions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2448
Marked
Mark
The Virasoro Algebra and Some Exceptional Lie and Finite Groups
(2006)
Tuite, Michael P.
The Virasoro Algebra and Some Exceptional Lie and Finite Groups
(2006)
Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We describe a number of relationships between properties of the vacuum Verma module of a Virasoro algebra and the automorphism group of certain vertex operator algebras. These groups include the Deligne exceptional series of simple Lie groups and some exceptional finite simple groups including the Monster and Baby Monster.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2449
Marked
Mark
On Genus Two Riemann Surfaces Formed from Sewn Tori
(2006)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.
On Genus Two Riemann Surfaces Formed from Sewn Tori
(2006)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We describe the period matrix and other data on a higher genus Riemann surface in terms of data coming from lower genus surfaces via an explicit sewing procedure. We consider in detail the construction of a genus two Riemann surface by either sewing two punctured tori together or by sewing a twice-punctured torus to itself. In each case the genus two period matrix is explicitly described as a holomorphic map from a suitable domain (parameterized by genus one moduli and sewing parameters) to the Siegel upper half plane $\mathbb{H}_{2}$. Equivariance of these maps under certain subgroups of $Sp(4,\mathbb{Z)}$ is shown. The invertibility of both maps in a particular domain of $\mathbb{H}_{2}$ is also shown.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2450
Marked
Mark
Torus Chiral n-Point Functions for Free Boson and Lattice Vertex Operator Algebras
(2002)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.
Torus Chiral n-Point Functions for Free Boson and Lattice Vertex Operator Algebras
(2002)
Mason, Geoffrey; Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We obtain explicit expressions for all genus one chiral n-point functions for free bosonic and lattice vertex operator algebras. We also consider the elliptic properties of these functions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2451
Marked
Mark
Some Irrational Generalised Moonshine from Orbifolds
(2002)
Ivanov, Rossen I.; Tuite, Michael P.
Some Irrational Generalised Moonshine from Orbifolds
(2002)
Ivanov, Rossen I.; Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We verify the Generalised Moonshine conjectures for some irrational modular functions for the Monster centralisers related to the Harada-Norton, Held, $M_{12}$ and $L_3(3)$ simple groups based on certain orbifolding constraints. We find explicitly the fixing groups of the hauptmoduls arising in each case.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2452
Marked
Mark
Rational Generalised Moonshine from Abelian Orbifoldings of the Moonshine Module
(2001)
Ivanov, Rossen I.; Tuite, Michael P.
Rational Generalised Moonshine from Abelian Orbifoldings of the Moonshine Module
(2001)
Ivanov, Rossen I.; Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We consider orbifoldings of the Moonshine Module with respect to the abelian group generated by a pair of commuting Monster group elements with one of prime order $p=2,3,5,7$ and the other of order $pk$ for $k=1$ or $k$ prime. We show that constraints arising from meromorphic orbifold conformal field theory allow us to demonstrate that each orbifold partition function with rational coefficients is either constant or is a hauptmodul for an explicitly found modular fixing group of genus zero. We thus confirm in the cases considered the Generalised Moonshine conjectures for all rational modular functions for the Monster centralisers related to the Baby Monster, Fischer, Harada-Norton and Held sporadic simple groups. We also derive non-trivial constraints on the possible Monster conjugacy classes to which the elements of the orbifolding abelian group may belong.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2453
Marked
Mark
Genus Two Meromorphic Conformal Field Theory
(1999)
Tuite, Michael P.
Genus Two Meromorphic Conformal Field Theory
(1999)
Tuite, Michael P.
Abstract:
We construct the genus two (or two loop) partition function for meromorphic bosonic conformal field theories. We use a sewing procedure involving two genus one tori by exploiting an explicit relationship between the genus two period matrix and pinching modular parameters. We obtain expressions for the partition function for the chiral bosonic string, even rank lattice theories and self-dual meromorphic conformal field theories including the Moonshine Module. In particular, we find that for self-dual theories with central charge 24, the genus two partition function multiplied by a universal holomorphic function of the moduli is given by a meromorphic Siegel modular form of weight 2 where this universal function includes ghost contributions. We also discuss a novel expansion for certain Siegel modular forms.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2454
Marked
Mark
Evolving artificial cell signaling networks
(2006)
Decraene, James; Mitchell, George; Kelly, Ciaran; McMullin, Barry
Evolving artificial cell signaling networks
(2006)
Decraene, James; Mitchell, George; Kelly, Ciaran; McMullin, Barry
Abstract:
Cell Signaling networks (CSNs) are bio-chemical systems of interacting molecules in cells. Typically, these systems take as inputs chemical signals generated within the cell or communicated from outside. These trigger a cascade of chemical reactions that result in changes of the state of the cell and (or) generate some chemical output, such as prokaryotic chemotaxis or coordination of cellular division. Realising (and evolving) Artificial Cell Signaling Networks (ACSNs) may provide new ways to design computer systems for a variety of application areas. We are investigating the use of ACSNs to implement computation, signal processing and (or) control functionality. We review some of the the research issues which this raises. As a 'computational' device, a CSN is most naturally compared to a traditional analog computer. There may be applications where a molecular level analog computer, in the form of a CSN, may have distinct advantages. CSNs may offer capabilities of high s...
http://doras.dcu.ie/16741/
Marked
Mark
Poor uptake of reproductive health screening services by female renal transplant recipients.
(2006)
Kerkhoff, Barbara A.; O' Connor, T.C.F.; Plant, William D.; Higgins, John R.
Poor uptake of reproductive health screening services by female renal transplant recipients.
(2006)
Kerkhoff, Barbara A.; O' Connor, T.C.F.; Plant, William D.; Higgins, John R.
Abstract:
Published Version
Women with functioning renal transplants are a high-risk group for de novo malignancies and other gynaecological health problems. The objective of this study was to assess patients awareness of gynaecological issues, and to assess uptake of cervical and breast cancer screening services. A structured questionnaire on family planning, menopausal issues and knowledge/use of cervical and breast cancer screening was administered to 64 female renal transplant recipients. 58 (91%) responded to the questionnaire. Mean age at first transplantation was 35 years (range 11 - 69). 84% were aware as to why they should have regular cervical smears. 15 (26%) had, however, never had a smear and only 9 (16%) were having yearly smears. 12 of 28 postmenopausal women entered the menopause under the age of 41 years, but only 5 of these had received Hormone Replacement Therapy. Breast self examination is practiced by 71%, but only 26% have had mammograms. These figures suggest that f...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/487
Marked
Mark
Design and implementation of the embedded capacitance layers for decoupling of wireless sensor nodes
(2010)
Zheng, Liqiang; Mathewson, Alan; O'Flynn, Brendan; Hayes, Michael; Ó Mathúna, S. Cian
Design and implementation of the embedded capacitance layers for decoupling of wireless sensor nodes
(2010)
Zheng, Liqiang; Mathewson, Alan; O'Flynn, Brendan; Hayes, Michael; Ó Mathúna, S. Cian
Abstract:
Scientific Foundation Ireland (ITOBO (398-CRP))
Accepted Version
In this paper, the embedded capacitance material (ECM) is fabricated between the power and ground layers of the wireless sensor nodes, forming an integrated capacitance to replace the large amount of decoupling capacitors on the board. The ECM material, whose dielectric constant is 16, has the same size of the wireless sensor nodes of 3cm*3cm, with a thickness of only 14μm. Though the capacitance of a single ECM layer being only around 8nF, there are two reasons the ECM layers can still replace the high frequency decoupling capacitors (100nF in our case) on the board. The first reason is: the parasitic inductance of the ECM layer is much lower than the surface mount capacitors'. A smaller capacitance value of the ECM layer could achieve the same resonant frequency of the surface mount decoupling capacitors. Simulation and measurement fit this assumption well. The second reason is: more than one layer of EC...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/489
Marked
Mark
Inflammasome activation: from inflammatory disease to infection
(2011)
DUNNE, AISLING
Inflammasome activation: from inflammatory disease to infection
(2011)
DUNNE, AISLING
Abstract:
The recognition of pathogen-derived molecules by the innate immune system is mediated by a number of receptors, including members of the TLR (Toll-like receptor), RLH [RIG (retinoic acid-inducible gene)-like helicase] and the NLR (NOD-like receptor) families. NLRs in particular are also involved in the recognition of host-derived ‘danger’-associated molecules which are produced under conditions of cellular stress or injury. Activation of these receptors leads to the assembly of high-molecular-mass complexes called inflammasomes which in turn leads to the generation of active caspase 1 and to the production of mature IL-1β (interleukin 1β). The discovery that NLRP3 (NLR-related protein 3) can recognize host-derived particulate matter such as uric acid and cholesterol crystals has led to this inflammasome being implicated in a number of inflammatory diseases, including gout, atherosclerosis and Type 2 diabetes. In addition, aberrant NLRP3 activation has also been observed in a number ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61576
Marked
Mark
Microwave-assisted efficient thiolate-catalysed homo- and crossed intermolecular Tishchenko reactions
(2011)
CONNON, STEPHEN; CURRAN, SIMON; MANONI, FRANCESCO
Microwave-assisted efficient thiolate-catalysed homo- and crossed intermolecular Tishchenko reactions
(2011)
CONNON, STEPHEN; CURRAN, SIMON; MANONI, FRANCESCO
Abstract:
Recently, the first efficient intermolecular crossed Tishchenko reactions were reported. The utility of these processes is curtailed by long reaction times of up to 4 days (at reflux). Herein we report that these reactions are highly susceptible to acceleration by microwave irradiation – allowing fast, efficient, high-yielding coupling to proceed in 10-180 min.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61588
Marked
Mark
Correlation of p16(INK4A) expression and HPV copy number with cellular FTIR spectroscopic signatures of cervical cancer cells.
(2011)
MARTIN, CARA
Correlation of p16(INK4A) expression and HPV copy number with cellular FTIR spectroscopic signatures of cervical cancer cells.
(2011)
MARTIN, CARA
Abstract:
Cervical cancer, a potentially preventable disease, has its main aetiology in infection by high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Approaches to improving cervical cancer screening and diagnostic methodologies include molecular biological analysis, targeting of biomarker proteins, but also exploration and implementation of new techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy. This study correlates the biomarker protein p16(INK4A) expression levels dependent on HPV copy number with the infrared absorption spectral signatures of the cervical cancer cell lines, HPV negative C33A, HPV-16 positive SiHa and CaSki and HPV-18 positive HeLa. Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that p16(INK4A) is expressed in all investigated cell lines in both nuclear and cytoplasmic regions, although predominantly in the cytoplasm. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the p16(INK4A) expression levels and demonstrated a correlation, albeit nonlinear, between the reported number of integrated HPV copies ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61591
Marked
Mark
Ignoring ‘best practice’: Why Irish software SMEs are rejecting CMMI and ISO 9000
(2009)
O'Connor, Rory; Coleman, Gerry
Ignoring ‘best practice’: Why Irish software SMEs are rejecting CMMI and ISO 9000
(2009)
O'Connor, Rory; Coleman, Gerry
Abstract:
Software Process Improvement (SPI) ‘best practice’ models such as ISO 9000 and the Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI) have been developed to assist software development organisations by harnessing their experience and providing them with support so that they can produce software products on time, within budget and to a high level of quality. However there is increasing evidence that these models are not being adopted by Small to Medium sized Enterprises (SME) and primarily remain the remit of large organisations. This paper presents the results of a Grounded Theory study into why Irish SME software product companies are not using these SPI models. The key inhibiting factor found was the issue of cost. We discuss the findings in relation to cost of process and the factors affecting it, including bureaucracy, documentation, communication, tacit knowledge and organisational creativity and flexibility, and the associated impact on the adoption of SPI best practice models.
http://doras.dcu.ie/16739/
Marked
Mark
Study of the mechanical, electrical and morphological properties of PU/ MWCNT composites obtained by two different processing routes
(2012)
KHAN, UMAR; COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT
Study of the mechanical, electrical and morphological properties of PU/ MWCNT composites obtained by two different processing routes
(2012)
KHAN, UMAR; COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT
Abstract:
A comparative study of the influence of processing route on polyurethanes (PU)/ Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites mechanical and electrical properties and also morphology was undergone employing two differentiated processing methods, solvent casting and buckypaper infiltration, for producing PU composites with low, medium and high mass fractions of acid treated MWCNT, and with no covalent linkages between the matrix and the nanotubes. As for example, with a MWCNT mass fraction of ∼ 18 wt% the second method produced stiffer (270 MPa), lighter (948 kg m-3) and more electrically conductive (1.8 S cm-1) composite while the first one gave softer (111 MPa) and more ductile (141%) materials. These properties differences are related to the different PU/MWCNT dispositions obtained through each synthesis route. Nanotubes percolating concentration is found to be crucial on composite properties evolution and a preferential interaction of MWCNT with PU hard segments is observed for ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61668
Marked
Mark
Synthesis and Analysis of Thin Conducting Pyrolytic Carbon Films
(2012)
DUESBERG, GEORG STEFAN; KEELEY, GARETH; KUMAR, SHISHIR; BLAU, WERNER; REZVANI, EHSAN; N...
Synthesis and Analysis of Thin Conducting Pyrolytic Carbon Films
(2012)
DUESBERG, GEORG STEFAN; KEELEY, GARETH; KUMAR, SHISHIR; BLAU, WERNER; REZVANI, EHSAN; NOLAN, HUGO
Abstract:
We report on an adjustable process for chemical vapour deposition of thin films of pyrolytic carbon on inert substrates using an acetylene feedstock. Through modification of the reaction parameters control over film thickness and roughness is attained. These conducting films can be deposited in a conformal fashion, with thicknesses as low as 5 nm and a surface roughness of less than 1 nm. The highly reliable, cost effective and scalable synthesis may have a range of applications in information and communications technology and other areas. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as high resolution transmission electron microscopy are used to investigate the composition and crystallinity of these films. The suitability of these films as electrodes in transparent conductors is assessed through a combination of absorbance and sheet resistance measurements. The films have a resistivity of ∼ 2 × 10-5 Ωm but absorb strongly in the visible range. The electrochemical propertie...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61640
Marked
Mark
Lighting Controls and Their Associated Problems: an Investigation Into Why Lighting Controls Fail in Buildings
(2011)
Doyle, Bernard; Kelly, Kevin
Lighting Controls and Their Associated Problems: an Investigation Into Why Lighting Controls Fail in Buildings
(2011)
Doyle, Bernard; Kelly, Kevin
Abstract:
<p>This research arose out of a project began as a post occupancy evaluation of lighting controls installed in a range of buildings. Actual controlled lighting consumption was to be compared against past billing or simulated energy consumption. However, when the research began it was found that the controls had been removed from two out of three buildings. This raised a much bigger research question as to why were the controls disconnected and what were the factors governing success or failure of these systems? A whole new methodology from that first envisaged had to be established. To find out what people know, or think, it is necessary to ask them. A framework was created to determine if there was correlation between past findings and the reasons for failure in the case studies. The research that followed posed many difficult challenges including the use of qualitative data in an engineering environment. Some of the findings included comparatively high maintenance costs, mi...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engschelebk/6
Marked
Mark
Impact of pumped storage on power systems with increasing wind penetration
(2009)
Tuohy, Aidan; O'Malley, Mark
Impact of pumped storage on power systems with increasing wind penetration
(2009)
Tuohy, Aidan; O'Malley, Mark
Abstract:
In this paper, the unit commitment and dispatch of a power system with and without a pumped storage unit is examined for increasing levels of installed wind power, from 17% of total energy to 80% of total energy generated by wind 3 (3GW to 15GW of installed wind on the Irish system in 2020). At high levels of installed wind, it is shown that storage reduces curtailment and increases the use the base loaded plant on the system. This reduces system costs. However, when the additional capital costs of storage are taken into account, it is shown that storage is not viable from a system perspective until extremely large levels of wind power are seen on the system. At these levels of installed wind, while the system can operate without storage, it is less costly to do so with storage. The capacity credit of the storage unit is also examined, using a simplified approach, and shown to decrease as larger amounts of intermittent wind power are added to the system.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/3433
Marked
Mark
Electrical characterization of the embedded capacitance material and its application in power supply decoupling
(2011)
Zheng, Liqiang; Mathewson, Alan; O'Flynn, Brendan; Hayes, Michael; Ó Mathúna, S. Cian
Electrical characterization of the embedded capacitance material and its application in power supply decoupling
(2011)
Zheng, Liqiang; Mathewson, Alan; O'Flynn, Brendan; Hayes, Michael; Ó Mathúna, S. Cian
Abstract:
Science Foundation Ireland (CSET - Centre for Science, Engineering and Technology, Grant No. 07/CE/11147; Scientific Foundation Ireland (ITOBO (398-CRP))
Accepted Version
http://www.ectc.net/
The embedded capacitance material (ECM) consists of a very thin (14um) layer of ceramic-filled epoxy (dielectric constant of 16) sandwiched between two layers of copper foil. The ECM material, providing high capacitive density, was integrated into a six-layer PCB stack-up of a wireless sensor network (WSN) node's design. By functioning as the power and ground layers of the WSN node, the ECM material's capacitance reaches tens of nano farad for the 25mm*25mm PCB board. Electrical characterization of the ECM material was performed by LCR meter and VNA to show its capacitance, parasitic inductance, loss, resonant frequency and etc. All the measurements matched the calculation and analysis well, which indicated its application in power supply decoupling. The decoupling efficie...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/498
Marked
Mark
The Irish National Innovation System: Structures, Performance and Challenges
(2009)
Cunningham, James A.; Golden, William
The Irish National Innovation System: Structures, Performance and Challenges
(2009)
Cunningham, James A.; Golden, William
Abstract:
This paper deals with three elements of the Irish National Innovation System namely structures, performance and challenges. The paper begins by outlining the policy context and then focuses on technology trajectories and institutional structures and evolution. In focusing on outputs of the national innovation system key indicators are outlined as well as technology commercialisation initiatives. The paper concludes by outlining the strengths and weaknesses in the Irish National Innovation system and the cultural drivers the have driven it evolution.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2485
Marked
Mark
Keyimages ontologized for the Cultural Masses
(2011)
MAC an AIRCHINNIGH, MICHEAL
Keyimages ontologized for the Cultural Masses
(2011)
MAC an AIRCHINNIGH, MICHEAL
Abstract:
Humans name things. Naming is essential for pointing to recognizable images, sounds, and emotions. In every culture throughout history certain stereotypical images have emerged to indicate grounded truths for the people. Today, where images are ubiquitous in their billions, available for use at a price, it becomes important to provide a balancing counterpart of high quality, royalty free images, under an appropriate creative commons licence. In addition to the usual folksonomical tagging it is recommended to have, in addition, a formal support vocabulary for which there is an appropriate formal reasoning system. In this paper we continue the pragmatic exposition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, supported by the Erlangen OWL encoding, and exercised through the Protégé editor. Examples of keyimages are drawn from Television programs, online Art Galleries, and ordinary printed photographs. Vocabulary data are normally provided in both Bulgarian and English. Data in other langua...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61728
Marked
Mark
Executive Briefing: Service Science: A Foundation for Service Innovation
(2010)
McLaughlin, Stephen; Paton, Robert
Executive Briefing: Service Science: A Foundation for Service Innovation
(2010)
McLaughlin, Stephen; Paton, Robert
Abstract:
In relation to product-driven research and development, the subject of innovation within service sector industries appears to have been somewhat neglected [1]. To date, the emerging economies have tended to build their economic success upon their ability to manufacture product and secure commodities at a greatly reduced cost. As these economies develop, they too are investing in the service sector. As we speak, both India and China are producing graduates, technological infrastructures, and service capability: these large developing economies will not stand still and allow the developed economies to monopolise the high-value-add end of the service exchange – the knowledge creation and transfer process [2][3]. Service innovation, through the application of service science, offers service providers and manufacturers a means of securing knowledge leadership.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2958/
Marked
Mark
Recreational pursuits on marginal farm land: a discrete-choice model of Irish farm commonage recreation
(2007)
Hynes, Stephen; Buckley, Cathal; Van Rensburg, Tom
Recreational pursuits on marginal farm land: a discrete-choice model of Irish farm commonage recreation
(2007)
Hynes, Stephen; Buckley, Cathal; Van Rensburg, Tom
Abstract:
In the last decade the demand for rural recreation has increased in Ireland as the population has become increasingly urbanised. Increased affluence, mobility and changing values have also brought new demands with respect to landscape, conservation, heritage and recreation, with a greater emphasis on consumption demands for goods and services in rural areas. This paper’s contribution to the understanding of outdoor recreational pursuits in Ireland is based on the estimation of the first farmland recreation demand function. We use this empirical work to investigate the more general conflict between countryside recreational pursuits and farming activity. Through the estimation of a travel cost model, the study derives the mean willingness to pay of the average outdoors enthusiast using a farm commonage site in Co. Galway, Ireland and an estimate of the gross economic value of the site as a recreational resource. The result indicates the high value of Irish farmland from a recreational...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61748
Marked
Mark
Committees and Party Cohesion in the European Parliament
(2008)
MC ELROY, GAIL
Committees and Party Cohesion in the European Parliament
(2008)
MC ELROY, GAIL
Abstract:
How do political parties enforce party discipline and promote cohesiveness in newly emerging legislatures? Political parties in established parliamentary democracies typically exhibit such high levels of unity that the question of how and why such discipline arises has, until recently, received little attention. But in emerging legislatures the process of transforming rudimentary party organisations into disciplined parties is not inevitable. This article examines if the political groups in the European Parliament (EP) attempt to enforce party discipline. More specifically, the article asks the question if MEPs who consistently vote against the party are punished in terms of their committee assignments.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/61727
Marked
Mark
Perforation of Arterial Tissue Using Kilohertz Frequency Ultrasound Delivered via Wire Waveguides
(2012)
Wylie, Mark; McGuinness, Garrett; Gavin, Graham
Perforation of Arterial Tissue Using Kilohertz Frequency Ultrasound Delivered via Wire Waveguides
(2012)
Wylie, Mark; McGuinness, Garrett; Gavin, Graham
Abstract:
<p>An emerging technology proposes the use of low frequency-high power ultrasound transmitted via wire waveguides for the disruption and ablation of atherosclerotic lesions, more specifically advanced fibrous or calcified plaques such as chronic total occlusions (CTO). This energy delivery selectively ablates rigid diseased tissue by means of direct mechanical contact, cavitation and other forces generated by the intense dynamic pressure fields generated.</p> <p>The first clinical device using this energy delivery was granted FDA approval in 2007 [1] for the ablation of CTOs and most research to date has focused on ablation and disruption of hard, fibrous or calcified tissues [2]. This work, however, investigates the affects this energy delivery has on the perforation of soft healthy tissue (porcine aorta).</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>An ultrasonic apparatus has been developed with operational characteristics similar to clinical devi...
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