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Displaying Results 7476 - 7500 of 8752 on page 300 of 351
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Evaluating the AfDB “High 5’s”: Bifocal Lenses Assessment via Citizen Participation
(2016)
Seriki, Oluwasegun O
Evaluating the AfDB “High 5’s”: Bifocal Lenses Assessment via Citizen Participation
(2016)
Seriki, Oluwasegun O
Abstract:
The thought of evaluating the AfDB high 5’s is tempting. It is, in fact, a herculean task and cannot just be achieved using a blanket approach or be dismissed with the common approach “…difficult is done at once; the impossible takes a little longer”. In reality, evaluating these high priority areas will involve much rigour and will involve finding that one area that is lacking but can improve on with a single change of lenses, consequently improving circumstances drastically. The high 5’s garner much attention in headlines, much is said about it, talks, seminars, and — who knows — maybe even an evaluation week. When was the last time a member of the African community, an ordinary citizen -the perceived recipients of these “high 5’s”- tasked with the responsibility of evaluating these five top priority areas? When again have the members of the African populace been actively engaged not only the evaluation but the continued implementation of these focus areas? The task of transformin...
https://arrow.dit.ie/beschrecart/48
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The JORD system - linking sky and social multimedia data to natural and technological disasters
(2017)
Ahmad, Kashif; Riegler, Michael; Riaz, Ans; Conci, Nicola; Dang Nguyen, Duc Tien; Halvo...
The JORD system - linking sky and social multimedia data to natural and technological disasters
(2017)
Ahmad, Kashif; Riegler, Michael; Riaz, Ans; Conci, Nicola; Dang Nguyen, Duc Tien; Halvorsen, Pål
Abstract:
Being able to automatically link social media information and data to remote-sensed data holds large possibilities for society and re- search. In this paper, we present a system called JORD that is able to autonomously collect social media data about technological and environmental disasters, and link it automatically to remote-sensed data. In addition, we demonstrate that queries in local languages that are relevant to the exact position of natural disasters retrieve more accurate information about a disaster event. To show the capabilities of the system, we present some examples of disaster events detected by the system. To evaluate the quality of the provided information and usefulness of JORD from the potential users point of view we include a crowdsourced user study.
http://doras.dcu.ie/21822/
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Wearable and implantable chemical sensors – opportunities and challenges
(2017)
Diamond, Dermot
Wearable and implantable chemical sensors – opportunities and challenges
(2017)
Diamond, Dermot
Abstract:
Despite the wide range of applications and tremendous potential of implantable sensors targeting chemo/bio-markers, bringing actual practical devices fully to market continues to be inhibited by significant technological barriers associated with long-term reliability, which is a key requirement for implants. This is so, even with devices that appear to be well engineered, focused on apparently fairly solid markets, and based on well-established sensing principles. Wearable chem/bio-sensors offer an interesting alternative, intermediate between the long-term vision of implantable devices, and the single use-disposable devices that are the current dominant use model. For example, wearable patch-type devices employing micro-needles for minimally invasive sampling of interstitial fluid enables through-skin continuous monitoring of glucose for up to two weeks [ ]. However, despite this apparently promising breakthrough, large-scale adoption remains frustratingly elusive, and some user...
http://doras.dcu.ie/21849/
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China's increasing participation in ICT's global value chain: A firm level analysis
(2017)
Sun, Yutao; Grimes, Seamus
China's increasing participation in ICT's global value chain: A firm level analysis
(2017)
Sun, Yutao; Grimes, Seamus
Abstract:
This paper synthesises evidence from international trade data of China-based ICT companies in order to map their involvement in the ICT global value chain (GVC). The ICT GVC is divided into three types of companies: Own Brand Manufacturers (OBMs), component companies and Electronic Manufacturers (EMS)/Original Design Manufacturers (ODMs). The firm-level trade data provide us with a clear overall picture of the structure and relationships of the three types of companies, while identifying the key players. The evidence shows that China's increasing participation in the ICT GVC is related to modularisation of product architecture, globalisation of production, and outsourcing and offshoring of manufacturing, and while several Chinese companies are rising rapidly, China continues to linger in the low value-added segments of the ICT GVC because of its ongoing dependence on foreign technology and its associated intellectual property (IP). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/6437
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Bio-Computation using Holliday junctions
(2006)
Murphy, Niall; Woods, Damien; Naughton, Thomas J.
Bio-Computation using Holliday junctions
(2006)
Murphy, Niall; Woods, Damien; Naughton, Thomas J.
Abstract:
We present a design for a novel computing machine composed of an artificial arrangement of DNA and proteins. We characterise the computational power of this construction by proving that its prediction problem is P-Complete.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8426/
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A Global Stock and Bond Model
(1996)
Connor, Gregory
A Global Stock and Bond Model
(1996)
Connor, Gregory
Abstract:
Factor models are now widely used to support asset selection decisions. Global asset allocation, the allocation between stocks versus bonds and among nations, usually relies instead on correlation analysis of international equity and bond indexes. It would be preferable to have a single integrated framework for both asset selection and asset allocation. This framework would require a factor model applicable at an asset or country level, as well as at a global level, that covers both stocks and bonds.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8432/
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Healthcare expenditure on Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
(2017)
Angell, Blake; Laba, Tracey-Lea; Lung, Tom; Brown, Alex; Eades, Sandra; Usherwood, Tim;...
Healthcare expenditure on Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
(2017)
Angell, Blake; Laba, Tracey-Lea; Lung, Tom; Brown, Alex; Eades, Sandra; Usherwood, Tim; Peiris, David; Billot, Laurent; Hillis, Graham; Webster, Ruth; Tonkin, Andrew; Reid, Christopher; Molanus, Barbara; Rafter, Natasha; Cass, Alan; Patel, Anushka; Jan, Stephen
Abstract:
<p>The original article is available at www.biomedcentral.com</p>
<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> In spite of bearing a heavier burden of death, disease and disability, there is mixed evidence as to whether Indigenous Australians utilise more or less healthcare services than other Australians given their elevated risk level. This study analyses the Medicare expenditure and its predictors in a cohort of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians at high risk of cardiovascular disease.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> The healthcare expenditure of participants of the Kanyini Guidelines Adherence with the Polypill (GAP) pragmatic randomised controlled trial was modelled using linear regression methods. 535 adult (48% Indigenous) participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recruited through 33 primary healthcare services (including 12 Aboriginal Medical Services) across Australia.</p> <p><strong&g...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/71
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National Versus Global Influences on Equity Returns
(1996)
Connor, Gregory
National Versus Global Influences on Equity Returns
(1996)
Connor, Gregory
Abstract:
A large proportion of international portfolio managers and pension fund trustees allocate their funds in a top-down fashion, first making a decision across countries and/or geographical regions and then selecting securities within the various countries or regions. Similarly, most financial analysts evaluate the health of a company's balance sheet within a national context rather than in comparison with similar companies in other markets. These practices reflect a segregationist view of world capital markets. In a recent trend toward global analysis, however, securities are categorized and/or selected according to their underlying characteristics, not according to the nationality of their market listing. The conventional wisdom, at least as reflected in current practice, seems to be that the level of worldwide capital market integration is not high but is slowly increasing over time. Capital market integration can be defined in at
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8437/
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Rivalry in uncertain export markets: commitment versus flexibility
(2004)
Dewit, Gerda
Rivalry in uncertain export markets: commitment versus flexibility
(2004)
Dewit, Gerda
Abstract:
This paper examines optimal trade policy in a two-period oligopoly model, with a home and a foreign firm choosing capital and output. Demand uncertainty, resolved in period two, gives rise to a trade-off between strategic commitment and flexibility in the firms’ investment decisions. Firms’ investment timing is endogenous and can be manipulated by the home government, which sets a subsidy before firms decide when to invest. We show that when the government wishes to manipulate investment timing, it will choose its policy to deter investment commitment by the home or the foreign firm.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8441/
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Risky Business: Multinationals, uncertainty and asymmetric Insurance
(2002)
Dewit, Gerda
Risky Business: Multinationals, uncertainty and asymmetric Insurance
(2002)
Dewit, Gerda
Abstract:
Risk management is vital to multinational enterprises (MNEs) facing uncertainty in foreign markets. One strand of the MNE literature demonstrates this by showing how various risks for which insurance does not exist alters MNEs’ international production decisions compared with when they operate under certainty. Other work deals with sources of uncertainty against which firms can hedge in financial markets. In this paper MNE behaviour is examined in the presence of risks for which insurance markets are missing but public insurance schemes are available instead. Such insurance schemes differ in one important respect from the coverage mechanisms available in financial markets. In forward and futures markets, firms can typically hedge without restrictions. By contrast, owing to the government’s involvement, public insurance alternatives tend to lack the global character of financial markets and often include explicit support for domestic economic activities.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8442/
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Intervention in risky export markets: insurance, strategic action or aid?
(2001)
Dewit, Gerda
Intervention in risky export markets: insurance, strategic action or aid?
(2001)
Dewit, Gerda
Abstract:
Because the use of trade policy is limited by international institutional arrangements, governments pursuing a policy of export promotion may want to use more indirect instruments to achieve their objectives. In that context, this paper focuses on the public provision of export insurance. While the prime objective is insurance against the risk of default faced by firms exporting to risky markets, these insurance programmes are often embedded in more global policy objectives of the exporting country’s government. This paper investigates how premium rating of official export insurance is affected by strategic export promotion and the pursuit of other political objectives.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8443/
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Strategic R&D Commitment and the Gains from Trade
(2016)
Leahy, Dermot
Strategic R&D Commitment and the Gains from Trade
(2016)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
This paper examines how trade liberalization affects innovation, profits and welfare in a model of reciprocal markets when firms pre-commit to research and development (R&D). We establish that the equilibrium is not always unique and show that, with trade, R&D commitment leads to higher levels of innovation, lower profits, higher consumer surplus and higher welfare than when R&D is chosen simultaneously to output levels. Furthermore, if the effectiveness of R&D is sufficiently high, trade always yields higher welfare than autarky, implying that R&D commitment may significantly enhance the welfare gains from trade liberalization.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8455/
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Predicting Surprise Judgments from Explanation Graphs
(2017)
Foster, Meadhbh I.; Keane, Mark T.
Predicting Surprise Judgments from Explanation Graphs
(2017)
Foster, Meadhbh I.; Keane, Mark T.
Abstract:
Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Netherlands
Surprise is a ubiquitous phenomenon that is implicated in many areas of cognition, from learning, to decision making, to creativity. For example, it has recently been proposed as a trigger for learning in robotic agent architectures. This paper describes a novel cognitive model of surprise based on the idea that surprise is fundamentally about explaining why the surprising event occurred; events that can be explained easily are less surprising than those that are more difficult to explain. Using explanations that people have produced, this surprise model builds a directed graph of explanations that link the setting and outcome of a given scenario, and uses this graph to predict surprise ratings. Simulations are reported which show that the models performance corresponds closely to the psychological evidence, as measured by peoples ratings of different surprising scenarios.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/8660
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Intellectual Property Rights and Entry into a Foreign Market: FDI versus Joint Ventures
(2010)
Leahy, Dermot
Intellectual Property Rights and Entry into a Foreign Market: FDI versus Joint Ventures
(2010)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
We study the effect of the intellectual property rights (IPR) regime of a host country (South) on a multinational’s decision between serving a market via greenfield foreign direct investment to avoid the exposure of its technology or a North–South joint venture (JV) with a local firm, which allows R&D spillovers under imperfect IPRs. JV is the equilibrium market structure when R&D intensity is moderate and IPRs strong. The South can gain from increased IPR protection because it encourages a JV, whereas policies to limit foreign ownership in a JV gain importance in technology-intensive industries as complementary policies to strong IPRs.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8459/
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Absorptive capacity, R&D spillovers, and public policy
(2007)
Leahy, Dermot
Absorptive capacity, R&D spillovers, and public policy
(2007)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
Empirical evidence strongly suggests that R&D increases a firm's “absorptive capacity” (its ability to absorb spillovers from other firms) as well as contributing directly to profitability. We explore the theoretical implications of this. We specify a general model of the absorptive capacity process and show that costly absorption both raises the effectiveness of ownR&Dand lowers the effective spillover coefficient. Thisweakens the case for encouraging research joint ventures, even if there is complete information sharing between members. It also implies an additional strategic pay-off to policies that raise the level of extra-industry knowledge.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8461/
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Symmetric research joint ventures: Cooperative substitutes and complements
(2005)
Leahy, Dermot
Symmetric research joint ventures: Cooperative substitutes and complements
(2005)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
We introduce the concepts of cooperative substitutes and complements, and use them to explain when all firms in a research joint venture will choose equal levels of R&D. We show that the secondorder conditions for a symmetric optimum take a particularly simple form, ruling out both excessive cooperative substitutability and excessive cooperative complementarity, and nesting conditions already derived in the literature. Finally we apply our results to the comparison between cooperative and non-cooperative R&D, and show in an important special case that asymmetric outcomes are only optimal for a very limited range of parameter values.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8463/
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Union Legislation and Export Platform FDI
(2005)
Leahy, Dermot
Union Legislation and Export Platform FDI
(2005)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
This paper examines Foreign Direct Investment in the presence of labour unions. An oligopoly model is developed in which identical firms locate in a host country in order to export to a foreign country. These firms are unionized and compete with foreign firms on the foreign market. We consider the incentives for social dumping via restrictive labour legislation, which we assume can be used by the host country government to affect the bargaining power of unions. We ask whether it is in the interest of the importing foreign country for the host country to relax or to tighten labour laws.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8464/
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Mark
Rivalry in uncertain export markets: commitment versus flexibility
(2004)
Leahy, Dermot
Rivalry in uncertain export markets: commitment versus flexibility
(2004)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
This paper examines optimal trade policy in a two-period oligopoly model, with a home and a foreign firm choosing capital and output. Demand uncertainty, resolved in period two, gives rise to a trade-off between strategic commitment and flexibility in the firms’ investment decisions. Firms’ investment timing is endogenous and can be manipulated by the home government, which sets a subsidy before firms decide when to invest. We show that when the government wishes to manipulate investment timing, it will choose its policy to deter investment commitment by the home or the foreign firm.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8467/
Marked
Mark
Follow-my-leader FDI and tacit collusion
(2003)
Leahy, Dermot
Follow-my-leader FDI and tacit collusion
(2003)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
This paper presents a simple model to illustrate the following idea: domestic rivals may be motivated to set up foreign production in the same country because the replication of each other’s foreign direct investment (FDI) facilitates collusive behaviour in the market in which they compete. This implies positive interdependence between firms’ FDI decisions, i.e. foreign investment by one firm brings increased incentive for others to follow suit.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8468/
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Robust rules for industrial policy in open economies
(2001)
Leahy, Dermot
Robust rules for industrial policy in open economies
(2001)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
The theory of strategic trade policy yields ambiguous recommendations for assistance to exporting firms in oligopolistic industries. However, some writers have suggested that investment subsidies are a more robust recommendation than export subsidies. We show that, although ambiguous in principle, the case for investment subsidies is reasonably robust in practice. Except when functional forms exhibit arbitrary nonlinearities, it holds under both Cournot and Bertrand competition, with either costreducing or market-expanding investment, and with or without spillovers. Only if firms have strong asymmetries in their investment behaviour and engage in Bertrand competition is an investment tax clearly justified.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8469/
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Strategic Trade and Industrial Policy Towards Dynamic Oligopolies
(2000)
Leahy, Dermot
Strategic Trade and Industrial Policy Towards Dynamic Oligopolies
(2000)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
The theory of strategic trade policy has grown from precocious urchin to mature teenager and is now part of the central canon of international trade theory. Much of its initial appeal came from the fact that it appeared to provide a stronger justiÆcation for interventionist measures such as tariffs and export subsidies than traditional competitive theory. However, as is now well known, the specific policy recommendations of the theory are highly sensitive to changes in assumptions about firm behaviour, entry, and so on. For this reason, possibly a more important contribution of the theory is that it high- lights a key aspect of public policy in oligopolistic markets: that governments and firms are likely to differ in their ability to commit to future actions. Thus the desirability of intervention, whether an export subsidy as in Brander and Spencer (1985) or an export tax as in Eaton and Grossman (1986), derives from the government...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8471/
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Mark
Temporary social dumping, union legalisation and FDI: a note on the strategic use of standards
(2000)
Leahy, Dermot
Temporary social dumping, union legalisation and FDI: a note on the strategic use of standards
(2000)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
This paper analyses the welfare implications for a developing country of using union legalisation as a policy instrument to attract inward foreign direct investment. While its presence may discourage a foreign multinational (MNE) from locating in the host country, unionisation is an important rent-extracting instrument for the host country. We show that if the MNE benefits from dynamic effects, the host country government may have an incentive to adopt temporary social dumping: banning the union in the short run to extract higher rents in the future. However, if the government can use a fiscal instrument in conjunction with union legalisation, the former can circumvent the need to engage in social dumping.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8472/
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Mark
R&D spillovers and the case for industrial policy in an open economy
(1999)
Leahy, Dermot
R&D spillovers and the case for industrial policy in an open economy
(1999)
Leahy, Dermot
Abstract:
n this paper we consider the case for subsidies towards firms which generate R&D spillovers in open economies. We show that in the presence of strategic behaviour by firms many expected results are overturned. Local R&D spillovers to other domestic firms may justify an R&D tax rather than a subsidy; R&D cooperation by local firms over-internalises the externality and also justifies an R&D tax; and international spillovers which benefit foreign firms may justify a subsidy, even though the govern- ment cares only about the proÆts of home firms.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/8475/
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Ovine and caprine lipids promoting cardiovascular health in milk and its derivatives
(2017)
Lordan, Ronan; Zabetakis, Ioannis
Ovine and caprine lipids promoting cardiovascular health in milk and its derivatives
(2017)
Lordan, Ronan; Zabetakis, Ioannis
Abstract:
The purpose of this commentary is to highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of polar lipids present in ovine and caprine milk and its derivatives (i.e. dairy products such as yogurt and cheese). These lipids inhibit the onset of atherosclerosis and thus promote cardiovascular health. We suggest that further research could focus on the elucidation and bioavailability of these lipids.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5898
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Effect of calcium reduction on the properties of half-fat Cheddar-stylecheeses with full salt or half-salt
(2017)
McCarthy, Catherine M; Wilkinson, Martin G.; Guniee, Timothy P
Effect of calcium reduction on the properties of half-fat Cheddar-stylecheeses with full salt or half-salt
(2017)
McCarthy, Catherine M; Wilkinson, Martin G.; Guniee, Timothy P
Abstract:
Standard-calcium (SCa) and reduced-calcium (RCa) half-fat (16%) Cheddar-style cheeses with full-salt (1.9%) or half-salt (0.9%) were made in triplicate, ripened for 270 d, and analysed for composition and changes in lactose metabolism, pH, proteolysis, water-sorption, fracture properties and heat-induced flowability during maturation. The pressing load applied to the moulded cheese was modified to ensure equal moisture in all cheeses despite the differences in salt and calcium levels. The RCa cheeses were characterised by higher primary proteolysis (αS1-casein degradation, pH 4.6-soluble N development), lower secondary proteolysis (concentration of free amino acids), higher water-holding capacity on reducing relative humidity from 85 to 5%, lower fracture stress and strain, and more extensive flow on heating. Overall, calcium reduction, when used in conjunction with moisture normalisation, proved an effective means of counteracting the adverse effects of fat reduction on texture and...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5902
Displaying Results 7476 - 7500 of 8752 on page 300 of 351
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