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Current Search:
'ireland' in all fields;
8886 items found
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Displaying Results 226 - 250 of 8886 on page 10 of 356
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The Island of Ireland: Drowning the Myth of an Irish Land-Bridge?
(2008)
EDWARDS, ROBIN JAMES
The Island of Ireland: Drowning the Myth of an Irish Land-Bridge?
(2008)
EDWARDS, ROBIN JAMES
Abstract:
At the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) c. 26 000 calendar years ago, global sea levels were around 120 m lower than present due to the storage of water on land in the form of large, high-latitude ice sheets. This lowering of sea level exposed portions of the modern seafloor surrounding north-west Europe, forming ‘land-bridges that joined Britain and Ireland to the rest of the continent. Sometime later, these land-bridges were drowned by rising sea levels as the ice sheets melted in response to a warming climate. Precisely when these land connections were severed has been a subject of debate for several decades, driven in part by the desire to understand the postglacial recolonisation of Ireland by plants and animals. The level of the sea relative to the land surface (relative sea-level) results from the interplay between vertical changes in both land and sea level. These processes can be simulated by computer models that describe the response of the solid Earth to the loading and unloadi...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40560
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Redistribution over the Lifetime in the Irish Tax-Benefit System: An Application of a Prototype Dynamic Microsimulation Model for Ireland
(2002)
O'Donoghue, Cathal
Redistribution over the Lifetime in the Irish Tax-Benefit System: An Application of a Prototype Dynamic Microsimulation Model for Ireland
(2002)
O'Donoghue, Cathal
Abstract:
This paper examines the distribution of lifetime income in Ireland. To do this a new prototype dynamic microsimulation model for Ireland is used to generate lifetime income streams. Aggregating over the lifetime we can assess the distribution of lifetime income and the degree of redistribution in the tax-benefit system. In addition to the effect of taxes and benefits, we decompose lifetime income into its components and examine the impact of different life-cycle patterns.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/1280
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Current debates: new religion(s) in Ireland ‘Alternative spiritualities, new religious movements and the New Age in Ireland’ conference report, NUI Maynooth, 30–31 October 2009
(2010)
Cox, Laurence
Current debates: new religion(s) in Ireland ‘Alternative spiritualities, new religious movements and the New Age in Ireland’ conference report, NUI Maynooth, 30–31 October 2009
(2010)
Cox, Laurence
Abstract:
Recent decades have seen a sea change in the study of religion in Ireland. Numerically dominated by theology until very recently – to the extent that Ireland is one of only two European countries without an association for the non-confessional study of religion – the quantitative decline in academic theology, the generational change of staff, the merging of seminaries and the increasingly lay character of their students are all pointing towards a gradual transformation into departments of religious studies, following the experience of other Northern countries.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2197/
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A new fiscal framework for Ireland
(2010)
Lane, Philip R.
A new fiscal framework for Ireland
(2010)
Lane, Philip R.
Abstract:
Pro-cyclicality in Irish fiscal policy has contributed to macroeconomic volatility over recent decades. Accordingly, this paper seeks to identify institutional mechanisms that can improve the performance of fiscal policy in macroeconomic stabilisation in Ireland. We propose a new fiscal framework for Ireland that combines the adoption of a rules-based approach to budgetary policy with the appointment of an independent fiscal policy council that will be formally involved in the fiscal process. Finally, we also advocate a set of ancillary reforms that will further improve the coherence of Irish fiscal policy with membership of European Monetary Union.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41136
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Fiscal Adjustment and Macroeconomic Re-balancing in Ireland
(2010)
McCarthy, Colm
Fiscal Adjustment and Macroeconomic Re-balancing in Ireland
(2010)
McCarthy, Colm
Abstract:
In the five quarters from 2008 Q1 to 2009 Q2, Ireland.s real GNP, seasonally adjusted, has fallen by 13.5%. The unemployment rate has risen by eight points, labour force participation has fallen and emigration has resumed. The economic decline in Ireland exceeds by a large margin those being experienced by most other European countries, and constitutes the worst recession in Ireland since the early years of the Second World War. The policy challenge involves much more than fiscal consolidation, or recovery from a routine cyclical downturn.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41133
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Income Security Programmes and Retirement Behaviour in Ireland
(2010)
Raab, Roman; Gannon, Brenda
Income Security Programmes and Retirement Behaviour in Ireland
(2010)
Raab, Roman; Gannon, Brenda
Abstract:
This paper gives a first-time assessment of the interaction between income security programmes (public and private) and the labour force behaviour of older people in Ireland. Workers close to retirement age face a trade-off between earnings from continued work and benefit payments from income security programmes (public and private). Using the methodology portrayed in Gruber and Wise (1999), we simulate the long-term payoffs arising from these programmes, i.e. income security wealth, its accrual, and the tax on work for stylised cases in Ireland. We find that income security programmes in Ireland are an important feature of the opportunity set for older workers planning their retirement. Our results highlight the important variation in the Irish retirement system and hence it is difficult to draw general conclusions. Nonetheless, our results are innovative and an original contribution to pension policy in Ireland. Half the workforce depends on public old-age income provision only an...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/1434
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A review of remediation and control systems for the treatment of agricultural wastewater in Ireland to satisfy the requirements of the Water Framework Directive
(2008)
Fenton, O.; Healy, Mark G.; Schulte, R.P.O.
A review of remediation and control systems for the treatment of agricultural wastewater in Ireland to satisfy the requirements of the Water Framework Directive
(2008)
Fenton, O.; Healy, Mark G.; Schulte, R.P.O.
Abstract:
In Ireland, agricultural activities have been identified as major sources of nutrient input to receiving waters and it has been estimated that these activities contribute 75.3% of the nitrogen (N) and 33.4% of the phosphorus (P) in these waters. Strategy at European level focuses on the prevention of nutrient loss by improved farm management. However, it does not focus on nutrient remediation or incidental nutrient loss of farmyard manures to surface and groundwater. This review describes the impact of agriculture on the environment in Ireland and examines emerging technologies for agricultural wastewater treatment. An integrated approach at pre-treatment and field stages for nitrate (NO3) remediation and P control is recommended.
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/1499
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Developing Digital Radio for Ireland: Emerging Approaches and Strategies
(2008)
O'Neill, Brian
Developing Digital Radio for Ireland: Emerging Approaches and Strategies
(2008)
O'Neill, Brian
Abstract:
Ireland’s experience of the transition from public service broadcasting to public service media has gathered pace within the last year with new legislative arrangements for media regulation, the awarding of digital terrestrial television licences and renewed attempts to introduce digital radio broadcasting on the DAB platform. The national public broadcaster, RTE, has played a central role in these developments as it attempts to manage a range of technology platforms and to provide media services for an increasingly diverse and complex market. This paper addresses the case of digital radio in Ireland and the prospects for a successful launch of DAB in 2008. Following previously stalled efforts, digital radio in Ireland is clearly entering a new phase of development: a trial digital service has been established as of 2007, a new licensing policy is in development, and a partnership of public and private broadcasters, Digital Radio Ireland, has brought together RTE and a range of le...
http://arrow.dit.ie/aaschmedcon/15
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Rainwater Harvesting and Greywater Treatment Systems for Domestic Application in Ireland
(2010)
Li, Zhe
Rainwater Harvesting and Greywater Treatment Systems for Domestic Application in Ireland
(2010)
Li, Zhe
Abstract:
<p>Water shortage has been recognised as one of the key issues facing many countries. Fortunately, there are relatively abundant water resources available in Ireland because of its plenty of rainfall. However, Ireland will inevitably encounter water shortage in the future, especially in urban areas. The water consumption per capita per day in Ireland is one of the highest in Europe. The water demand is still increasing due to population growth and higher standard of living. The use of domestic rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment systems has the potential to supply nearly 94% of domestic water in Irish households. The utilisation of these systems can help Irish householders achieve significant water savings and avoid the domestic water bills that are due to be reintroduced. It also helps take pressure of the centralised water supply to meet the increasing water demand in Ireland and eliminates issues such as high leakage during delivery and large treatment costs for do...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engschmecart/19
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Factors Associated With Breastfeeding Among a Sample of Chinese Mothers Who Gave Birth in Ireland
(2009)
Zhou, Qianling; Younger, Katharine; Kearney, John
Factors Associated With Breastfeeding Among a Sample of Chinese Mothers Who Gave Birth in Ireland
(2009)
Zhou, Qianling; Younger, Katharine; Kearney, John
Abstract:
Rationale & Objectives: The factors influencing breastfeeding rates are complex, and the socio-cultural environment has an important influence on how women choose to feed their infants. The present study sought to determine factors affecting breastfeeding practices of Chinese mothers who gave birth in Ireland. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey (written in Chinese). Questionnaires were distributed to Chinese mothers in Chinese markets and language schools in Ireland. Results & Findings: Analyses was conducted on 236 completed questionnaires from Chinese mothers who had given birth in Ireland. Breastfeeding prevalence among the participants was 71%. Univariate analyses indicated that mothers who lived in Ireland < 10 years, had a third level education, and spoke mandarin as their first language were more likely to breastfeed (P<0.05) while father’s education level, family income, mother’s level of English, child’s order and mother’s previous breastfeedin...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbiocon/5
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Breastfeeding Practices in China and Ireland: the Chinese Mothers in Ireland Survey.
(2009)
Zhou, Qianling; Younger, Katherine; Kearney, John
Breastfeeding Practices in China and Ireland: the Chinese Mothers in Ireland Survey.
(2009)
Zhou, Qianling; Younger, Katherine; Kearney, John
Abstract:
Rationale & Objectives: Migration to another country may contribute to some changes in breastfeeding practices. This study explored the breastfeeding practices of immigrant Chinese mothers in China and following migration to Ireland, where breastfeeding is far less prevalent (43% initiation). Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving Chinese mothers who had given birth in Ireland (CMI) or in China (CMC). Results & Findings: Analyses was conducted on 285 completed questionnaires. 72 % of the sample breastfed their infants with no differences between CMI (71%) and CMC (78%) (P>0.05). However, breastfeeding rates at three months (62%) and six months (32%) for CMI were much lower than the corresponding rates for mothers who gave birth in China (CMC)(P<0.05). The main reason for CMI to stop breastfeeding was perceived insufficient breast-milk; however this was not the case for mothers who gave birth in China (CMC) as 96% of them used a special Chinese di...
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbiocon/4
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Tidal Current Energy Resource Assessment in Ireland: Current Status and Future Update
(2010)
O'Rourke, Fergal; Boyle, Fergal; Reynolds, Anthony
Tidal Current Energy Resource Assessment in Ireland: Current Status and Future Update
(2010)
O'Rourke, Fergal; Boyle, Fergal; Reynolds, Anthony
Abstract:
<p>Interest in renewable energy in Ireland has increased continually over the past decade. This interest is due primarily to security of supply issues and the effects of climate change. Ireland imports over 90% of its primary energy consumption, mostly in the form of fossil fuels. The exploitation of Ireland’s vast indigenous renewable energy resources is required in order to reduce this over dependence on fossil fuel imports to meet energy demand. Various targets have been set by the Irish government to incorporate renewable energy technologies into Ireland’s energy market. As a result of these targets, the development in wind energy has increased substantially over the past decade; however this method of energy extraction is intermittent and unpredictable. Ireland has an excellent tidal current energy resource and the use of this resource will assist in the development of a sustainable energy future. Energy extraction using tidal current energy technologies offers a vast and...
http://arrow.dit.ie/engschmecart/22
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A Tale of Two Strategies for Higher Education and Economic Recovery: Ireland and Australia
(2010)
Hazelkorn, Ellen; Massaro, Vin
A Tale of Two Strategies for Higher Education and Economic Recovery: Ireland and Australia
(2010)
Hazelkorn, Ellen; Massaro, Vin
Abstract:
<p>As Dirk van Damme suggested (van Damme, 2009), the effects of the global financial crisis (GFC) have been manifold and complex and affected countries differently. Australia and Ireland have fared very differently in the GFC so choices will inevitably have been influenced by their relative capacity to spend on higher education. Since 1988 Australia has had a unitary, government-regulated but independent higher education system with block funding from a combination of government allocations and student contributions. In contrast, Ireland retains a government-regulated binary system dependent upon public investment and direct government control of staffing budgets. In recent years, both countries have reviewed their higher education system (Australia 2008, Ireland 2009-2010). The Australian review forms the basis of the government’s intention to further deregulate the system by removing enrolment caps, while Ireland’s higher education is caught up in a drive for efficiency...
http://arrow.dit.ie/csercon/8
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The Impact of Ireland's Recession on the Labour Market Outcomes of its Immigrants
(2010)
KELLY, ELISH MARY; BARRETT, ALAN
The Impact of Ireland's Recession on the Labour Market Outcomes of its Immigrants
(2010)
KELLY, ELISH MARY; BARRETT, ALAN
Abstract:
In the mid 2000s Ireland experienced a large inflow of immigrants, partly in response to strong economic growth but also in response to its decision to allow full access to its labour market when EU expansion occurred in May 2004. Between 2004 and 2007, the proportion of non-nationals living in Ireland almost doubled, increasing from 7.7 to 13.1 percent. Between 2008 and 2009, Ireland experienced one of the most acute downturns in economic activity in the industrialised world, with a cumulative fall in Gross National Product of close to 14 percent. In this paper, we assess how this downturn has impacted upon the employment outcomes of non-nationals relative to natives. We find huge job losses among immigrants, with an annual rate of job loss of close to 20 percent in 2009, compared to 7 percent for natives. A higher rate of job loss for immigrants is found to remain when we control for factors such as age and education. We also show how an outflow of non-nationals is occurring. The ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/49783
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Civil Control Of The Military And Police In Ireland: The Armed Forces
(2007)
Clonan, Tom
Civil Control Of The Military And Police In Ireland: The Armed Forces
(2007)
Clonan, Tom
Abstract:
<p>Independence and Civil War: Origins of Irish Defence Forces The Irish armed forces, known as the Permanent Defence Forces (PDF) or ‘Oglaigh na hEireann’ number approximately 10,000 personnel across the Naval Service, Army and Air Corps. The Defence Forces in Ireland play an active role domestically in ‘Aid to the Civil Power’ Operations or ATCP Ops with the Irish police force, An Garda Siochana. The Defence Forces are also active internationally in UN peacekeeping and peace enforcement operations in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Middle East. As an organisation, the Irish Defence Forces is a direct descendant of the Irish Free State Army - initially formed in 1922 following the Irish War of Independence from Britain. From the inception of the Free State Army until 1954, the Irish armed forces were legislated for under the 1923 ‘Temporary Provisions Act’. This act was repealed by the Defence Act of 1954. Subsequently, the Irish Defence Forces are legislatively regulated...
http://arrow.dit.ie/aaschmedbk/12
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What If: Hitler's Invasion of Ireland
(2010)
Clonan, Tom
What If: Hitler's Invasion of Ireland
(2010)
Clonan, Tom
Abstract:
Seventy years ago this summer, Hitler’s general staff drew up detailed plans to invade Ireland. In June of 1940, Germany’s 1st Panzer Division had just driven the British Expeditionary Force into the sea at Dunkirk. Churchill labeled Britain’s rout and the evacuation of approximately 330,000 British and allied troops a ‘miracle of deliverance’. The Nazis intoxicated with their victory in France considered themselves unstoppable and were determined to press their advance into Britain and Ireland. Germany’s invasion plans for Britain were codenamed ‘Operation Sealion’. Their invasion plans for Ireland were codenamed ‘Unternehmen Grun’ or ‘Operation Green’. Like Operation Sealion, Operation Green was never executed. The Nazis failed to achieve air superiority over the English Channel that summer. By the autumn of 1940 the ‘Battle of Britain’ had been won by the RAF and Hitler postponed his British and Irish invasion plans. Some military historians also believe that the plans ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/aaschmedart/62
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The Future of Ireland's Neutrality and Security
(2005)
Clonan, Tom
The Future of Ireland's Neutrality and Security
(2005)
Clonan, Tom
Abstract:
The future for Ireland’s conventional defence forces and defence and security policy appears set to follow a peculiarly asymmetrical trajectory. On the one hand, Ireland’s skies, land mass and territorial waters lack even the most basic defensive military oversight or protection. On the other hand, in a process that has denied Irish citizens a healthy debate on military neutrality, Ireland’s Defence Forces are being integrated by stealth into the EU’s newly-created military structures. Ireland's defence forces are being integrated into an EU with grand military ambitions. According to the EU St. Malo Declaration of 1998, this grand design involves Europe acquiring the capability to launch 'autonomous' military operations with 'credible military forces' for actions within and without Europe's borders. Ireland's second Nice referendum in October of 2002 formalised Europe’s newly formed EU Military Committee and EU Military Staffs - reporting to the...
http://arrow.dit.ie/aaschmedart/72
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The Future Direction of Institutes of Higher Education in Ireland and Their Pathway of Transformation: A Case Study of the Dublin Institute of Technology's "Operation Transformation" as a Leading Example of an Institute of the Future
(2011)
Conway, Ann
The Future Direction of Institutes of Higher Education in Ireland and Their Pathway of Transformation: A Case Study of the Dublin Institute of Technology's "Operation Transformation" as a Leading Example of an Institute of the Future
(2011)
Conway, Ann
Abstract:
<p>This paper is an outline proposal for an EdD thesis with the University of Sheffield which has been accepted. The principle aim of this research is to investigate what might an institute of education be in the future through viewing the current changes afoot in the Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT) and the underlying reasons for these changes to take place. It is not proposed that DIT is the ideal example but it is one example of Irish higher education (HE) in transition to be more students focused and flexible for future demands. The HE system in Ireland is broad in scope and encompasses the university sector, the technological sector, the colleges of education and private, independent colleges. Ireland is a society undergoing major change economically, but also demographically through recent migration and mobility of workers from all over Europe and beyond. In an economy as open as Ireland’s it is vital that higher education operate to a maximum effectiveness respondin...
http://arrow.dit.ie/tfschmtcon/32
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Quantifying displaced carbon dioxide emissions from electric vehicles in Ireland
(2010)
Foley, Aoife M.; Leahy, Paul G.; McKeogh, Eamon J.; Ó Gallachóir, Brian P.
Quantifying displaced carbon dioxide emissions from electric vehicles in Ireland
(2010)
Foley, Aoife M.; Leahy, Paul G.; McKeogh, Eamon J.; Ó Gallachóir, Brian P.
Abstract:
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA Climate Change Research Program (CCRP))
Published Version
Under EU Directive 2009/28/EC on Renewable Energy each Member State is mandated to ensure that 10% of transport energy (excluding aviation and marine transport) comes from renewable sources by 2020. The Irish Government intends to achieve this target with a number of policies including an increase in the use of biofuels in transport by 3% by 2010 and ensuring that 10% of all vehicles in the transport fleet are powered by electricity by 2020. Electric vehicles (EVs) do not emit exhaust fumes in the same manner as traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The optimal benefits of EVs can only be truly achieved if EVs are deployed effectively, so that exhaust pipe gaseous emissions are not fully displaced to the electricity sector. This paper examines the potential contributions that Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicles can make in reducing carbon dioxide. The paper presents t...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/262
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A Comparative Study of Organisational Commitment of Bank Employees in Ireland and China
(2009)
Chen, Helen
A Comparative Study of Organisational Commitment of Bank Employees in Ireland and China
(2009)
Chen, Helen
Abstract:
<p>Organisational commitment has been extensively researched in the Western and non-Western contexts. However, little has been conducted to approach it from a cross-cultural perspective. This paper sets out to fill in the gap by examining bank employees’ organisational commitment in Ireland and China. Data was collected in two American banks, one in Ireland and the other one in China in June 2008. Research results showed interesting and dynamic differences of the three dimensions of the Irish and Chinese bank employees’ organisational commitment with regards to the effects of income, gender and tenure. Implications for managers in Ireland and China are discussed.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/buschmarcon/55
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The changing face of pre-school services: a case study
(2005)
Murphy, Rosaleen
The changing face of pre-school services: a case study
(2005)
Murphy, Rosaleen
Abstract:
Accepted Version
There have been major changes in pre-school provision in Ireland in the last ten years. This paper will present a snap-shot of how these changes have impacted on one community pre-school located in a high-priority area of Cork and the consequent effects on the quality of the service provided. The factors influencing its development include the introduction of the Preschool regulations under Section VII of the Child Care Act 1991, the capital and staffing grants it has received, and the changes in the population it serves. The paper also documents how the introduction of the High/Scope curriculum, coupled with an on-going commitment to improving the quality of service, has influenced practice in the pre-school.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/302
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Annual Policy Report on Migration and Asylum 2009: Ireland
(2010)
JOYCE, CORONA
Annual Policy Report on Migration and Asylum 2009: Ireland
(2010)
JOYCE, CORONA
Abstract:
This report is the sixth in a series of Annual Policy Reports, a series which is intended to provide a coherent overview of migration and asylum trends and policy development during consecutive periods beginning in January 2003. Ireland continued to experience a period of economic crisis in 2009, with Gross National Product (GNP) and employment both contracting by over 8 per cent. The recession and financial crisis also led to a very rapid deterioration in the public finances and a dramatic shortfall of government revenue over expenditure. Two budgets took place in Ireland during 2009: a supplementary budget in April 2009 and Budget 2010 in December 2009. Changes arising included a reduction in Overseas Development Aid (ODA) and an overall reduction of 15 per cent in figures allocated to ‘Immigration and Asylum’ services within government departments. During 2009 local elections were held in Ireland on 5 June, the same day as voting in the European Elections and two by-elections in ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/56263
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ATROCITIES AT SEA AND THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR BY THE PARLIAMENTARY NAVY IN IRELAND, 1641 1649
(2010)
MURPHY, ELAINE
ATROCITIES AT SEA AND THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR BY THE PARLIAMENTARY NAVY IN IRELAND, 1641 1649
(2010)
MURPHY, ELAINE
Abstract:
In 1643, Robert Rich, the second earl of Warwick, the parliamentary lord high admiral, issued directions for naval officers in the Irish squadron to execute any soldiers seized whilst crossing from Ireland to join royalist armies in England and Wales. An ordinance was duly promulgated by parliament in October 1644 which authorized the killing of Irishmen captured at sea or in England. Thereafter, although a number of captains implemented this policy and put to death mariners, soldiers, and passengers detained on vessels going to and from confederate and royalist ports in Ireland, the killing of maritime captives never became the norm in the war at sea. This article provides a detailed analysis of the atrocities that occurred and the treatment of prisoners taken in the seas around Ireland during the war of the three kingdoms. In particular, this article examines the effect exerted by the threat of retaliatory executions of English seamen held in towns such as Wexford and Waterford on...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/56349
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Mainstreaming of Deaf Education in the Republic of Ireland: Language, Power, Resistance
(2011)
Mathews, Elizabeth S.
Mainstreaming of Deaf Education in the Republic of Ireland: Language, Power, Resistance
(2011)
Mathews, Elizabeth S.
Abstract:
This thesis examines the mainstreaming of primary level deaf education in the Republic of Ireland. Following legislation in 1998 and again in 2004, parents of deaf and hard-of-hearing (D/HH) children are now facilitated in sending their child to the local school. As a result, there has been a dramatic increase in the numbers of D/HH in those settings and a subsequent decline in enrolment in schools for the deaf. No examination has been conducted, however, into the impact of mainstreaming on the situation in Ireland, in spite of serious concerns raised internationally about the inappropriate nature of mainstreaming for this cohort. As a result, this thesis explores the changing geographies of deaf education in the Republic of Ireland. Drawing on interviews with parents, teachers, and D/HH children, it unpacks the policy, practice, and ideological foundations of mainstreaming in the Irish system. It is particularly concerned with the power relations at play in the system. Using theori...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2581/
Marked
Mark
Downscaling Global Climate Models for Ireland: Providing Future Climate Scenarios
(2006)
Sweeney, John; Fealy, Rowan
Downscaling Global Climate Models for Ireland: Providing Future Climate Scenarios
(2006)
Sweeney, John; Fealy, Rowan
Abstract:
Previous work using downscaled global circulation output has examined the likely spatial characteristics of future climate change in Ireland (Sweeney and Fealy, 2003). These likely changes have been shown to have potentially large effects on water resources and especially on flood and drought frequencies with increased winter runoff in western parts and decreased summer runoff, especially in eastern Ireland. Uncertainties in projections involving only one GCM, however, limit the reliability of such climate scenarios somewhat for future water resource management. GCMs show considerable variability for areas such as Ireland arising from inherent weaknesses they possess due to problems of scale and feedback. An approach which seeks to overcome some of these uncertainties by the use of multi-model downscaling is presented here.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2689/
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