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Displaying Results 11401 - 11425 of 11522 on page 457 of 461
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Comparative Genomics Analysis of Lactobacillus ruminis from Different Niches
(2021)
Wang, Shuo; Yang, Bo; Ross, R. Paul; STANTON, CATHERINE; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao; Che...
Comparative Genomics Analysis of Lactobacillus ruminis from Different Niches
(2021)
Wang, Shuo; Yang, Bo; Ross, R. Paul; STANTON, CATHERINE; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao; Chen, Wei
Abstract:
Lactobacillus ruminis is a commensal motile lactic acid bacterium living in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. Although a few genomes of L. ruminis were published, most of them were animal derived. To explore the genetic diversity and potential niche-specific adaptation changes of L. ruminis, in the current work, draft genomes of 81 L. ruminis strains isolated from human, bovine, piglet, and other animals were sequenced, and comparative genomic analysis was performed. The genome size and GC content of L. ruminis on average were 2.16 Mb and 43.65%, respectively. Both the origin and the sampling distance of these strains had a great influence on the phylogenetic relationship. For carbohydrate utilization, the human-derived L. ruminis strains had a higher consistency in the utilization of carbon source compared to the animal-derived strains. L. ruminis mainly increased the competitiveness of niches by producing class II bacteriocins. The type of clustered regularly interspaced...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/2358
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Improving robustness and accuracy of predicted daily methane emissions of dairy cows using milk mid‐infrared spectra
(2021)
Vanlierde, Amélie; Dehareng, Frédéric; Gengler, Nicolas; Froidmont, Eric; McParland, Si...
Improving robustness and accuracy of predicted daily methane emissions of dairy cows using milk mid‐infrared spectra
(2021)
Vanlierde, Amélie; Dehareng, Frédéric; Gengler, Nicolas; Froidmont, Eric; McParland, Sinead; Kreuzer, Michael; Bell, Matthew; Lund, Peter; Martin, Cécile; Kuhla, Björn; Soyeurt, Hélène
Abstract:
BACKGROUND A robust proxy for estimating methane (CH4) emissions of individual dairy cows would be valuable especially for selective breeding. This study aimed to improve the robustness and accuracy of prediction models that estimate daily CH4 emissions from milk Fourier transform mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectra by (i) increasing the reference dataset and (ii) adjusting for routinely recorded phenotypic information. Prediction equations for CH4 were developed using a combined dataset including daily CH4 measurements (n = 1089; g d−1) collected using the SF6 tracer technique (n = 513) and measurements using respiration chambers (RC, n = 576). Furthermore, in addition to the milk FT‐MIR spectra, the variables of milk yield (MY) on the test day, parity (P) and breed (B) of cows were included in the regression analysis as explanatory variables. RESULTS Models developed based on a combined RC and SF6 dataset predicted the expected pattern in CH4 values (in g d−1) during a lactation cycle,...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/2360
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A review study of water quality index models and their use for assessing surface water quality
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Nash, Stephen; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana
A review study of water quality index models and their use for assessing surface water quality
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Nash, Stephen; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana
Abstract:
The water quality index (WQI) model is a popular tool for evaluating surface water quality. It uses aggregation techniques that allow conversion of extensive water quality data into a single value or index. Globally, the WQI model has been applied to evaluate water quality (surface water and groundwater) based on local water quality criteria. Since its development in the 1960s, it has become a popular tool due to its generalised structure and ease-of-use. Commonly, WQI models involve four consecutive stages; these are (1) selection of the water quality parameters, (2) generation of sub-indices for each parameter (3) calculation of the parameter weighting values, and (4) aggregation of sub-indices to compute the overall water quality index. Several researchers have utilized a range of applications of WQI models to evaluate the water quality of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries. Some problems of the WQI model are that they are usually developed based on site-specific guidelines...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16426
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Assessment of water quality using Water Quality Index (WQI) models and advanced geostatistical technique
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana; Nash, Stephen
Assessment of water quality using Water Quality Index (WQI) models and advanced geostatistical technique
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana; Nash, Stephen
Abstract:
Water quality index (WQI) models are popular tools to evaluate the quality of water; as such they have been developed and used by many agencies worldwide. However, the WQI model may generate excessive uncertainties in the aggregation process. This research is focused on the performance of various WQI modes. In this study, seven WQI models (Horton, CCME, NSF, West-Java, SRDD, Baccarin and Hanh) were applied in order to intercompare their performances and results generated by them. The Cork Harbour in the south of Ireland is used as a study case. Six years (2007 - 2012) of water quality monitoring data across the Harbour is used to conduct the analysis. Development of a WQI model involves four consecutive steps: (1) parameters selection, generation of (2) sub-indices, (3) weight values and (4) aggregation function; these were applied in the study. In total, nine crucial water quality parameters from 31 monitoring locations were selected in step (1) of the analysis. The EU Water Framew...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16427
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Application of water quality index models to an Irish estuary
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Nash, Stephen; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana
Application of water quality index models to an Irish estuary
(2021)
Uddin, Md Galal; Nash, Stephen; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana
Abstract:
The paper investigates the application of different Water Quality Index (WQI) models for to estuarine waters. WQI models are aggregation based mathematical models that convert extensive water quality data into a single value. They typically contain four crucial components with the functions of (1) selecting parameters, (2) developing sub-index rules, (3) generating weighting values, and (4) aggregating the sub-indices. They are attractive because of their relative simplicity and ease of application. However, there is a level of uncertainty in the final aggregated indices due to the potentially large spatial and temporal variations in the input water parameter values. Here we apply seven different WQI models to Cork Harbour, an estuary on the southwest coast of Ireland. The water quality data input data included measurements of nine water quality monitoring parameters from 31 monitoring sites in Cork Harbour. The spatial uncertainty of the WQI models was estimated based on the standa...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16428
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Mobilising collective action and constructing positive political identities through ambivalent discourses within the immigration debate
(2020)
Nightingale, Alastair
Mobilising collective action and constructing positive political identities through ambivalent discourses within the immigration debate
(2020)
Nightingale, Alastair
Abstract:
This project explores if people employ ambivalent discourses within contentious political debate. And, if so, what opposing ideological themes are drawn upon – or left unsaid – and what is potentially being accomplished through the deployment of these ambivalent discourses? This project specifically explores the contentious immigration debate through three empirical studies. Study one is a discourse analysis of advocates on behalf of refugees on a national phone-in radio program in Ireland. Study two is a discourse analysis of speeches by leading populist radical right politicians at an international conference in Koblenz, Germany. Study three is an experiment exploring if people’s exposure to competing and conflicting interpretive frameworks, of identity threat discourses, patterns the shared construction of an immigrant group – specifically the potential ambivalent stereotyping of refugees. These advocates on behalf of refugees, in the context of study one, take up a rhetorical st...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/9581
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Multi-Level state interventions and gender equality in higher education institutions: The Irish case
(2020)
O'Connor, Pat; Irvine, Gemma
Multi-Level state interventions and gender equality in higher education institutions: The Irish case
(2020)
O'Connor, Pat; Irvine, Gemma
Abstract:
Much of the work on gender equality in higher educational institutions (HEIs) has concentrated on the organizational level. The original contribution of this article lies in its focus on state policy developments and interventions. We focus on Ireland as a specific national context, highlighting multi-level state interventions and looking at their impact on HEIs. Using secondary data analysis (including documentary analysis) and focusing particularly on the period since 2014, state initiatives to tackle the problem of gender inequality from various angles are outlined. They include the introduction of Athena SWAN; the Expert Group Review; the Gender Equality Taskforce; the Senior Academic Leadership Initiative; research funding agency initiatives and those around sexual harassment. In evaluating their impact, we look at the gender pay gap, the gender profile of the professoriate and senior management as well as other indicators of cultural change in HEIs. The article concludes that ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/9583
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Building blocks from monosaccharides for synthesis of scaffolds, including macrocycles. Application of allylic azide rearrangement, azide-alkyne cycloaddition and ring closing metathesis
(2021)
Fox, Karen A.; Chadda, Rekha; Cardona, Francisco; Barron, Stephen; McArdle, Patrick; Mu...
Building blocks from monosaccharides for synthesis of scaffolds, including macrocycles. Application of allylic azide rearrangement, azide-alkyne cycloaddition and ring closing metathesis
(2021)
Fox, Karen A.; Chadda, Rekha; Cardona, Francisco; Barron, Stephen; McArdle, Patrick; Murphy, Paul V.
Abstract:
Synthesis of compounds with characteristics of natural products are required to increase the diversity and biological relevance of compounds for screening. These include new frameworks/scaffolds, with multiple stereogenic centres and various functional groups. Carbohydrates are renewable, readily available and have stereochemical diversity and functionality. Herein, building blocks derived from monosaccharides with alkene, alkyne and organic azide functional groups are used. The build-couple-pair strategy of diversity oriented synthesis is employed taking advantage of RuAAC, CuAAC and thermally promoted azide-alkyne cycloadditions, allylic azide (Winstein) rearrangement and ring closing metathesis, leading to polyhydroxylated small, medium and macrocyclic ring containing scaffolds. There is potential to graft appendages (e.g. pharmacophoric groups) to further increase diversity of compounds available for screening, or to consider the scaffolds in ligand design.
RC and KF thank N...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16436
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Probing sulfatide-tissue lectin recognition with functionalized glycodendrimersomes
(2021)
Murphy, Paul V.; Romero, Antonio; Xiao, Qi; Ludwig, Anna-Kristin; Jogula, Srinivas; Shi...
Probing sulfatide-tissue lectin recognition with functionalized glycodendrimersomes
(2021)
Murphy, Paul V.; Romero, Antonio; Xiao, Qi; Ludwig, Anna-Kristin; Jogula, Srinivas; Shilova, Nadezhda V.; Singh, Tanuja; Gabba, Adele; Javed, Bilal; Zhang, Dapeng; Medrano, Francisco J.; Kaltner, Herbert; Kopitz, Jürgen; Bovin, Nicolai V.; Wu, Albert M.; Klein, Michael L.; Percec, Virgil; Gabius, Hans-Joachim
Abstract:
The small 3-O-sulfated galactose head group of sulfatides, an abundant glycosphingolipid class, poses the (sphinx-like) riddle on involvement of glycan bridging by tissue lectins (sugar code). First, synthesis of head group derivatives for functionalization of amphiphilic dendrimers is performed. Aggregation of resulting (biomimetic) vesicles, alone or in combination with lactose, demonstrates bridging by a tissue lectin (galectin-4). Physiologically, this can stabilize glycolipid-rich microdomains (rafts) and associate sulfatide-rich regions with specific glycoproteins. Further testing documents importance of heterobivalency and linker length. Structurally, sulfatide recognition by galectin-8 is shown to involve sphingosine's OH group as substitute for the 3′-hydroxyl of glucose of lactose. These discoveries underscore functionality of this small determinant on biomembranes intracellularly and on the cell surface. Moreover, they provide a role model to examine counterreceptor ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16437
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The Ryans of Inch and their world: a Catholic gentry family from dispossession to integration, c.1650-1831
(2018)
Fitzpatrick, Richard John
The Ryans of Inch and their world: a Catholic gentry family from dispossession to integration, c.1650-1831
(2018)
Fitzpatrick, Richard John
Abstract:
In October 1767 a Tipperary landowner named Daniel Ryan of Inch passed away. Word of his demise spread beyond the immediate locality, and eventually newspapers as far away as Belfast would recount how his ‘plentiful estate’ had been in the family ‘above 500 years’. Based on the surviving records, there is good reason to believe that Ryan’s ancestors first arrived in County Tipperary during the thirteenth century, when they settled on the frontier between two worlds, that of the native Gaelic Irish and Norman newcomers. Although the religious and ethnic character of the region evolved over the ensuing centuries, the Ryans continued to inhabit a divided world. Daniel Ryan was a Catholic landowner who had lived in an area and on an island governed by what would become known as the Protestant Ascendancy. Three wars of conquest and associated bouts of land confiscations during the seventeenth century brought this confessional minority to power, while penal legislation introduced after 16...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13793/
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Development of a humanised mouse model of ovalbumin induced allergy and inflammation as a platform to test functional food
(2017)
Adams, Aine
Development of a humanised mouse model of ovalbumin induced allergy and inflammation as a platform to test functional food
(2017)
Adams, Aine
Abstract:
Food allergies are most common during infancy Food allergy is a growing health problem with very limited treatment options For infants, cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the predominant food allergy, occurring in 2 - 7 5 % of population Infant formula which is often cow’s milk based, is the only approved alternative for breastfeeding However the proteins (casein and whey) in cow’s milk result in allergic symptoms in the infants These allergic symptoms can be avoided by providing the infants with hydrolysates of cow’s milk protein instead of the intact protein Whey protein hydrolysates, small bioactive peptide components of milk have been tested in mouse models for their anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory properties however to date no studies have repeated efficacy of hydrolysates in a humanised mouse model setting In this study a large number of hydrolysates were screened in vitro to identify hydrolysates with anti-inflammatory properties In vitro we demonstrated that 1...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13794/
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Revisiting cooperation dynamics: implications for opportunism and value creation when firms compete and cooperate simultaneously.
(2018)
Charleton, Tadhg Ryan
Revisiting cooperation dynamics: implications for opportunism and value creation when firms compete and cooperate simultaneously.
(2018)
Charleton, Tadhg Ryan
Abstract:
Referring to simultaneous competition and cooperation between firms, coopetition is emerging in practice as a promising source of value creation. However, the scholarly literature is dominated by a widespread assumption that opportunism, a core behavioral assumption of transaction cost economics, hinders value creation and requires formal safeguards in coopetition. The assumption of heightened opportunism in coopetition is at odds with rising adoption in practice, which often proceeds without formal safeguards. This raises concerns about the utility of existing theory for explaining coopetition dynamics and their implications for value creation. Building from theories of competitive dynamics and the resource-based view, my research challenges the dominant assumption of heightened opportunism and develops an alternative explanation to better explain coopetition dynamics. I identify and test informal market-based safeguards which reduce opportunism in coopetition. This prov...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13795/
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The role of Dietary Interventions in Broiler Intestinal Health and Immunity
(2017)
McCaffrey, Conor
The role of Dietary Interventions in Broiler Intestinal Health and Immunity
(2017)
McCaffrey, Conor
Abstract:
The innate immune system represents the host’s initial defence mechanism which responds to a diverse range of antigenic stimuli. This response is characterised by the activation of pathogen recognition receptors upon recognition of microbial patterns. This action results in the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, MAPK signalling pathways and the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The gastrointestinal mucus layer serves as an essential innate barrier to pathogenic adhesion and subsequent infection. Dysregulation in the integrity or function of the mucosal layer has been implicated in malabsorption, leading to reduced animal productivity. The objective of the work described in this thesis was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of mannan-rich natural formulations on broiler tissue morphology, mucin barrier integrity, digestive enzyme capacity, apoptotic and necroptotic cell death levels and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Supplementati...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13797/
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The Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of (I) Arylpiperazines and (II) Pyrazolopyrimidinones as potential anti-diabetic agents
(2018)
Kelada, Mark
The Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of (I) Arylpiperazines and (II) Pyrazolopyrimidinones as potential anti-diabetic agents
(2018)
Kelada, Mark
Abstract:
Diabetes is a worldwide condition that affects millions of people of all ages and backgrounds. It strikes the rich and the poor, old and young, healthy and sick. Diabetes is one of the largest global health emergencies of the 21st century, where some regions of the world have a much higher occurrence than others. Diabetes occurs when there are increased levels of glucose in the blood due to the lack of insulin, or the inability of the body’s cells to respond to insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide and continues to rise across all world regions. The goal of our research was to investigate two families of heterocyclic compounds that have potential as anti-diabetic agents. We postulated that an anti-diabetic effect might be achieved through the inhibition of complex I of the electron transport chain, which would make oxidative phosphorylation less efficient, and therefore require increased glucose uptake from the blood in...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13798/
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The "Second Reformation" in Ireland, 1798-1861: case study of Rev. Robert Winning and the Kingscourt District.
(2019)
Rogan, Marion
The "Second Reformation" in Ireland, 1798-1861: case study of Rev. Robert Winning and the Kingscourt District.
(2019)
Rogan, Marion
Abstract:
This thesis examines four decades and two distinct phases of the ‘Second Reformation’ in Ireland through a case study of Rev. Robert Winning and the Kingscourt District with which he was closely associated. The Kingscourt District defines the geographical parameters of this study; the period between 1798 and 1861 its chronological limits. The early date, 1798, is preferred as the starting point. It marks the beginning of the episcopacy of Thomas Lewis O’Beirne and his programme of reform and improvement in the Church of Ireland diocese of Meath, which left many of the Meath diocesan clergy ready for the ‘Second Reformation’ in 1822. The year 1861, and the death of Rev. Winning, is chosen as the closing date.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13799/
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An in vitro assessment of the effects of feed-grade trace minerals on commercial phytase activity
(2017)
O'Rourke, Rachel
An in vitro assessment of the effects of feed-grade trace minerals on commercial phytase activity
(2017)
O'Rourke, Rachel
Abstract:
Exogenous phytases have the capacity to increase the nutritional value of animal feeds through the hydrolysis of phytate-bound phosphorus. Inorganic trace minerals (ITM) routinely added to feed can negatively impact phytase activity. Recent research has shown that replacement of ITMs with organic trace minerals (OTMs) may overcome these inhibitory effects due to their greater levels of stability. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of ITMs and OTMs on the enzyme activities of five different commercial phytases. Exposure to copper sulphate (ITM) greatly inhibited phytase activity compared to OTMs, at reflective inclusion levels. Similarly, exposure to iron sulphate (ITM) had a greater effect on phytase activity than OTMs, at reflective inclusion rates. The observed responses were instigated by trace mineral source, elemental concentration and phytase mode of action. Additional studies assessed the effects of simulated mineral mixes containing sequentially ad...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13815/
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The Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Low Molecular Weight Gelators and their Applications in Electrospinning to Develop Biocompatible Materials and Tissue Scaffolds
(2018)
Ramos Ondono, Jessica
The Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Low Molecular Weight Gelators and their Applications in Electrospinning to Develop Biocompatible Materials and Tissue Scaffolds
(2018)
Ramos Ondono, Jessica
Abstract:
The work described in this thesis reports the design, synthesis and characterisation of novel compounds capable of acting as Low Molecular Weight Gelators (LMGWs). This class of compounds form self-assembled fibrous networks which entrap the solvent and form gels. These materials have received considerable attention in recent years due to a variety of applications that range from environmental to biomedical fields. Amphiphilic lipoamino acids, squaramides and carbohydrates are useful starting materials to synthesise LMWGs because they provide functional groups that can form the intermolecular interactions necessary for the formation of supramolecular self-assembled structures. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and characterisation of amphiphilic derivatives of L-serine and their evaluation as LMWGs. This study shows how structural features, such as the functional groups in the side chain, or the length of the hydrocarbon chains affect their ability to form gels. These co...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13816/
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Synthesis and Characterisation of Photoresponsive Azobenzene-Biomolecule Conjugates
(2017)
Hayden, Jack
Synthesis and Characterisation of Photoresponsive Azobenzene-Biomolecule Conjugates
(2017)
Hayden, Jack
Abstract:
This thesis begins by overviewing the literature around the design, synthesis and application of molecular switches with a focus on the field of azobenzene switches, their isomerisation mechanisms and their value as control units on biological molecules. The introductory chapter is followed three synthesis chapters reporting on the application of copper promoted azide alkyne and uncatalysed nitrile oxide alkyne cycloadditions for conjugation of azobenzenes initially with small molecule test case substrates, followed by the synthesis of carbohydrate, peptide and nucleic acid conjugates. The preparation of range of monosaccaride, disaccharide and nucleoside azobenzene conjugates are detailed. The synthesis of a number of new azobenzenes bearing either 1,3-dipoles or their precursors, or dipolarophiles is described. Biomolecules bearing the complementary functionality are reported. The formation of isoxazole, triazole and ether linked biomolecule conjugates is demonstrated. Peptide c...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13817/
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Promoting, implementing and evaluating family-focused interventions for families with parental mental illness: scoping and installation
(2019)
Mulligan, Christine; Furlong, Mairead; McGilloway, Sinéad
Promoting, implementing and evaluating family-focused interventions for families with parental mental illness: scoping and installation
(2019)
Mulligan, Christine; Furlong, Mairead; McGilloway, Sinéad
Abstract:
Objectives: This paper outlines the findings from the first stage of a research programme called PRIMERA (Promoting Research and Innovation in Mental hEalth seRvices for fAmilies and Children). This programme aims to identify, help implement and evaluate family-focused interventions for families where a parent has a mental illness, and promote a ‘think family’ service delivery agenda in the Republic of Ireland (RoI). Methods: An initial scoping study was undertaken to: (1) assess the nature and extent of family-focused practice (FFP) in adult (N = 114) and child (N = 69) mental health services in the RoI; (2) review the international literature; and (3) undertake site/service visits to assess readiness for, and inform the implementation of, FFP. Results: A national Expression of Interest (EoI) call led to 37 written submissions (20% response rate) plus six further requests for involvement from interested community services. Fifteen sites/ services (35%) were included in the research...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13811/
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The Order of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Vincent De Paul Motherhouse Freiburg, in the Archdiocese Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany), 1846-1945
(2018)
Hansert, Angelika Agnes
The Order of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Vincent De Paul Motherhouse Freiburg, in the Archdiocese Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany), 1846-1945
(2018)
Hansert, Angelika Agnes
Abstract:
Inspired by Claude Langlois‘ ground-breaking 1984 work Le Catholicisme au féminin, this thesis explores a Roman Catholic female religious order during its first one hundred years, starting in 1846. Although Langlois set the example with French congregations in the nineteenth century and many scholars all over the world followed in his footsteps, the echo in Germany was by far shorter. This study fills the gap for a specific German region by taking a specific order as a model. The Order of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul was historically and geographically not only the oldest and biggest of that part of Germany but it was also attributed the label ‘conservative’ as a characteristic feature. On the background of the great political and social upheavals of the turbulent and eventful German history of the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth history, this thesis will focus on the role of the Order in the world, and it will explore its sisters as being agents or instrument...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13823/
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Relational Skills and Intelligence: Developing a Functional Account of Intellectual Performance and its Enhancement
(2019)
Colbert, Dylan
Relational Skills and Intelligence: Developing a Functional Account of Intellectual Performance and its Enhancement
(2019)
Colbert, Dylan
Abstract:
Recent research has implicated the potential utility of reconceptualising general intelligence as representing proficiency in a behavioural skillset known as relational responding. Indeed, a growing literature base proposes that many of the competencies that are traditionally conceived to comprise ‘intelligence’ can actually be understood from this more functional perspective. In addition, as these relational skills are inherently malleable and open to amelioration, a number of analyses have suggested that intellectual function can be improved by training and targeting these skills. In light of this emerging research stream, the current thesis entailed two primary aims: 1) to assess the efficacy of relational skills training in improving intellectual and academic performance and 2) to further investigate the relationship between the wider range of relational frames and intellectual function as a potential means of developing a functional alternative to traditional IQ asse...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13824/
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All screen and no play? A mixed methods approach to screen time in middle childhood.
(2019)
Dobutowitsch, Mira
All screen and no play? A mixed methods approach to screen time in middle childhood.
(2019)
Dobutowitsch, Mira
Abstract:
Children’s engagement with screens and digital devices at home is often associated with negative outcomes. However, there is increasing criticism that most claims of detrimental effects of screen time are not supported, that research in the area often lacks rigour in design, and fails to account for contextual factors. Furthermore, given the positive discourse around technology in educational settings, parents are faced with juxtaposed messages.Drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological framework (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006) and Gibson’s (1979) concept of affordances, the aim of the mixed methodsproject was to investigate the relationship between screen time and socio-emotional outcomes, as well as explore how parents navigatetheir children’s screen time. Secondary analyses of Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) data were conducted to explore children’s time use, and investigate the relationship between screen time and scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Pie...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13825/
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Neurochemical Monitoring in a Humanised Murine Model of Parkinson’s Disease using Amperometry and Microdialysis
(2018)
Reid, Caroline H.
Neurochemical Monitoring in a Humanised Murine Model of Parkinson’s Disease using Amperometry and Microdialysis
(2018)
Reid, Caroline H.
Abstract:
The main objective of this thesis was to elucidate an overall neurochemical signature of the progression of patient-specific Parkinson’s disease (PD) through the amperometric monitoring of nitric oxide (NO), oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) coupled with microdialysis sampling. The development of a humanised mouse model of PD provides an invaluable tool in which to study PD in a physiological setting. By application of amperometric sensors and microdialysis sampling in these PD models, the functional neurochemical behaviour of the PD can be assessed in vivo. Chapter 1 details an introduction into neurochemical monitoring, PD and the potentially altered role of NO, O2 and H2O2 in contributing to the pathology of this disease. The theory and underlying principles associated with this project are examined in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 includes all of the experimental protocols used throughout the course of this thesis. The validation of each amperometric sensor included in this pr...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13826/
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Re-imagining primary school children’s citizenship participation
(2019)
Fitzgerald, Caitriona Maria
Re-imagining primary school children’s citizenship participation
(2019)
Fitzgerald, Caitriona Maria
Abstract:
This thesis aims to create new forms of inquiry about younger children’s social realities as citizens at primary school. I recognise children as agentic social actors and as such their lived experience constitutes the central aspect of analysis. The questions which guide this research are: 1. How do younger children ‘do’ citizenship within their peer groups at school? 2. How is children’s citizenship evident in the intersection between their peer group citizenship participation and the structures and practices of the primary school? My findings indicate children are not afforded regular opportunities to participate in decisionmaking processes at school which implies school structure and practices play a key role in facilitating children’s participation. I also found that children’s experiences of (non)participation is socialising them towards the notion that ‘citizenship’ is for adults only. This situation could affect children’s citizenship-esteem as valued and recognised schoolc...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13827/
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Investigating new roles of the ubiquitin proteasome system in cell death and innate immune signalling
(2018)
Isaza-Correa, Johana M.
Investigating new roles of the ubiquitin proteasome system in cell death and innate immune signalling
(2018)
Isaza-Correa, Johana M.
Abstract:
Immune responses are a complex network of interactions between proteins in different cellular processes with multiple layers of regulation. In the present study, we explored the role of some regulators of the ubiquitination and proteasome systems in cell death and innate immune signalling pathways in macrophages. Initial studies focused on a form of regulated cell death termed necroptosis, a type of cell death mediated by the receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIP). RIP kinases are known to interact with E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellino proteins. Pellino 1 has recently been described to target RIP kinases and regulate necroptosis. Firstly, the roles of the E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellino 2 and Pellino 3 were studied. The findings demonstrated that neither of them regulates necroptosis induced by innate immunity triggers. Studies next characterised the role of TLR signalling pathways in the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a critical target of the ubiquitin/p...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13828/
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