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Displaying Results 176 - 200 of 5834 on page 8 of 234
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A variable‐number tandem repeat polymorphism in PER3 is not associated with chronotype in a population with self‐reported sleep problems
(2012)
Voinescu, Bogdan; Coogan, Andrew
A variable‐number tandem repeat polymorphism in PER3 is not associated with chronotype in a population with self‐reported sleep problems
(2012)
Voinescu, Bogdan; Coogan, Andrew
Abstract:
We examined whether a variable‐number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the circadian clock gene PER3 was associated with subjective ratings of sleep and diurnal preference in a Romanian population with high levels of self‐reported sleep problems. Individuals, self‐reporting to their GP for sleep disturbances, completed a battery of validated scales that assess the presence of insomnia, sleep quality and diurnal preference and had their PER3 VNTR genotype determined. We found no significant differences in chronotype, sleep quality or other psychometric measures according to PER3 VNTR and conclude that diurnal preference or self‐reported sleep measures are not associated with PER3 genotype in this population.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/10729/
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The urban penalty and the population history of England
(1988)
Kearns, Gerard
The urban penalty and the population history of England
(1988)
Kearns, Gerard
Abstract:
Abstract included in text.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8368/
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A naïve population of European oyster Ostrea edulis with reduced susceptibility to the pathogen Bonamia ostreae: are S-strategy life traits providing protection?
(2020)
Egerton, Sian; Lynch, Sharon A.; Prado-Alvarez, Maria; Flannery, Grace; Brennan, Elaine...
A naïve population of European oyster Ostrea edulis with reduced susceptibility to the pathogen Bonamia ostreae: are S-strategy life traits providing protection?
(2020)
Egerton, Sian; Lynch, Sharon A.; Prado-Alvarez, Maria; Flannery, Grace; Brennan, Elaine; Hugh-Jones, Tristan; Hugh-Jones, David; Culloty, Sarah C.
Abstract:
European populations of the native flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, have been heavily depleted by two protozoan parasites, Marteila refringens and Bonamia ostreae, with mortalities of up to 90% reported in naïve populations. However, in studies carried out over a 10-year period, researching the parasite–host relationship of B. ostreae and O. edulis in several age cohorts within a naïve O. edulis population from Loch Ryan (LR), Scotland, 1364 specimens were challenged and only 64 (5%), across multiple testing protocols, screened positive for B. ostreae. This article presents a case for the development of S-strategy life traits in the LR population that coincide with enhanced immune function and survival. Oysters are considered typical r-strategists (small in size with fast development and high fecundity) while S-strategists, as outlined in Grime’s (1977) competitor–stress tolerant–ruderal (C–S–R) triangle theory, are characterized by slow growth and investment in the durability of individ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10569
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An empirical assessment of adjustment disorder as proposed for ICD-11 in a general population sample of Israel
(2018)
Lorenz, Louisa; Hyland, Philip; Maercker, Andreas; Ben-Ezra, Menachem
An empirical assessment of adjustment disorder as proposed for ICD-11 in a general population sample of Israel
(2018)
Lorenz, Louisa; Hyland, Philip; Maercker, Andreas; Ben-Ezra, Menachem
Abstract:
Background: A new diagnostic concept of Adjustment Disorder (AjD) was proposed for inclusion in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th version (ICD-11). However, the symptom structure of AjD is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dimensionality of AjD as a stress-response syndrome. Methods: A general population sample of the Israeli population (N = 1003) completed the Adjustment Disorder – New Module 20 and the WHO-5 Wellbeing Scale. We compared seven alternative models of AjD using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to determine if subtypes of AjD were present. The performance of the unidimensional and multidimensional models of AjD were evaluated using regression analyses. Results: CFA results supported a unidimensional model of AjD. The LPA identified three quantitatively distinct classes (low, medium, and high) with no evidence of any subtypes of AjD. The criterion validity of AjD was s...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13298/
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Cost Effectiveness of PCSK9 Inhibitors for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Ireland: Considerations given to Population Heterogeneity
(2020)
O DONNELL, HELEN GERALDINE
Cost Effectiveness of PCSK9 Inhibitors for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Ireland: Considerations given to Population Heterogeneity
(2020)
O DONNELL, HELEN GERALDINE
Abstract:
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors (alirocumab and evolocumab for the secondary prevention of CVD (cardiovascular disease) in Ireland. Also, to identify the subgroups of this population in which PCSK9 inhibitors might be deemed cost-effective. A systematic review of the literature was conducted. The results were included in a meta-analysis to quantify the comparative effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors versus standard of care. It was found that PCSK9 inhibitors reduce the time to non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and non-fatal stroke. No treatment effect on CVD death was observed over the time period of the clinical trials. But the quality of evidence was very low. An adjusted indirect treatment comparison between alirocumab and evolocumab was also conducted. Given the between-trial population heterogeneity, comparisons between PCSK9 inhibitors are uncertain. The similarity assumption was considered to hold sufficiently to justify the ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93877
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Profile development in population studies: clustering and latent class methodologies
(2019)
O'Neill, Aoife
Profile development in population studies: clustering and latent class methodologies
(2019)
O'Neill, Aoife
Abstract:
Identifying subgroups within a population can provide important insights to decision makers. When concerned with health data, identifying profiles of individuals who share similar characteristics may inform targeted treatment or education. Categorical data are often prevalent in large population studies. Therefore statistical profiling methods capable of handling these data are required. In this dissertation, TwoStep cluster analysis (TSCA) and latent class analysis (LCA), were used to identify cross-sectional profiles, while latent transition analysis (LTA) was used to identify profiles longitudinally. Data from two Irish longitudinal studies; Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) and The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), and one European study of Rheumatology health professionals (HPs), were examined. TSCA was used to examine activity behaviours in 9-year-old Irish children from GUI. Cohesive activity profiles, associated with weight status, were found for boys but not for girls. ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/9942
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Is there a Benefit to Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Irish Male Population between the ages of 55 to 75 years; an Ideal Opportunity Group for Evaluating Cardiovascular Risk Factors?
(2011)
Brosnan, Mairead
Is there a Benefit to Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Irish Male Population between the ages of 55 to 75 years; an Ideal Opportunity Group for Evaluating Cardiovascular Risk Factors?
(2011)
Brosnan, Mairead
Abstract:
Introduction: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) screening programmes have been carried out worldwide on males between the ages of 65-75 years. The results of such programmes show AAA screening to be beneficial and cost effective. In the Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study conducted in the United Kingdom, the incidence of AAA was 4.9%. Early diagnoses of AAA’s have reduced AAA related deaths by 42%. This study investigated the incidence of AAA in Irish males between the ages of 55-75 years and incorporated an assessment of cardiovascular risk factors. A younger group of males were screened to see if there was any benefit in screening for AAA and to determine the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors in this younger population. Method: From April 2006 to December 2007, males ages between 55-75 years living in the catchment area of the hospital, were invited to participate in the screening programme. A ultrasound scan of their aortas was preformed and a finger prick blood test was ca...
https://arrow.dit.ie/scienmas/68
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Fertility trends, excess mortality, and the Great Irish Famine
(2008)
Ó Gráda, Cormac; Boyle, Phelim P.
Fertility trends, excess mortality, and the Great Irish Famine
(2008)
Ó Gráda, Cormac; Boyle, Phelim P.
Abstract:
This paper estimates mortality and fertility rates prevailing in Ireland during the 25-year period before the Great Irish Famine of 1845-1849. A technique is developed to estimate the age-specific mortality level during the Famine and the number of Famine-related deaths. The paper concludes that fertility rates were declining during the period 1821-1845 and that the effects of the Famine were especially severe on the very young and the very old. Ignoring deaths among emigrants, it is estimated that one million individuals perished as a result of the Famine. The analysis permits year-by-year reconstruction of the Irish population age structure for the period 1821-1851.
2014-09-18 JG: Record reinstated from backup after damaged text_value
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/401
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Detection and analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 in the Irish pig population
(2006)
Donnelly, Maria
Detection and analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 in the Irish pig population
(2006)
Donnelly, Maria
Abstract:
Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) is a recently emerged multifactorial clinical disease of swine that affects nursery and growing pigs and PCV2 is believed to be the main aetiological agent of the disease. PMWS has emerged in Ireland as a clinical entity in pig herds so there was therefore a need to determine the extent of PCV2 infection and associated disease in the pig population of Ireland. The prevalence of PCV2 in Ireland was determined by testing a percentage of porcine sera for antibodies to PCV2 using the IPMA method; this method is based on PCVfree PK15 cell cultures infected with PCV2 virus. Ten serum samples (where available) from fifty randomly selected herds (426 sera samples) were tested, of the fifty herds only four were negative to PCV2. However these four herds were all hobby herds (less than 12 pigs). In most cases of the ten samples tested per herd eight to ten of the sera samples were positive for PCV2 antibodies indicating that there is widespre...
http://doras.dcu.ie/17348/
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Distribution, population structure, growth and reproduction of the razor clam Ensis arcuatus (Jeffreys) (Solenaceae) in coastal waters of western Ireland
(2001)
Fahy, E.; Norman, M.; Browne, R.; Roantree, V.; Pfeiffer, N.; Stokes, D.; Carroll, J.; ...
Distribution, population structure, growth and reproduction of the razor clam Ensis arcuatus (Jeffreys) (Solenaceae) in coastal waters of western Ireland
(2001)
Fahy, E.; Norman, M.; Browne, R.; Roantree, V.; Pfeiffer, N.; Stokes, D.; Carroll, J.; Hannaffy, O.
Abstract:
Samples of razor clams, Ensis arcuatus, the species which makes up the majority of landings from the west coast of Ireland, were collected by commercial fishery methods, in association with the dredge fishery and by scuba diving, from three locations off the coast of Co Galway. E. arcuatus occupies coarse sand (of maerl and shell fragments) and rarely co-exists with the other common species of the region, E. siliqua. E. arcuatus were aged, an age-length-key devised for them, and growth parameters (Linf, k and t0) were calculated. Their maturation state was established by histological examination. Evidence suggests that Ensis arcuatus is mainly a spring spawner, although some spawning appears to take place in most months, with a spatfall in June/July. Maturation commences in its third year. Asymptotic length is achieved at 10 years, approximately, and there was little variability in growth among the three sampling areas or between the sexes. In a small bed of razor clams in Cill Chia...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/115
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Population specific smolt development, migration and maturity schedules in Atlantic salmon in a natural river environment
(2007)
McGinnity, P; deEyto, E; Cross, T F; Coughlan, J; Whelan, K; Ferguson, A
Population specific smolt development, migration and maturity schedules in Atlantic salmon in a natural river environment
(2007)
McGinnity, P; deEyto, E; Cross, T F; Coughlan, J; Whelan, K; Ferguson, A
Abstract:
Identifying differences in quantitative life history traits between cultured and native or non-native wild populations is important in assessing the impact of accidental and deliberate introductions of hatchery-reared fish into the wild. As the ability to exploit the marine environment is the defining life history characteristic of anadromous salmonids, knowledge of variation in smoltification characteristics among populations is crucial in determining how these introductions affect fitness in recipient populations. Data are presented here describing the timing and extent of the autumn migration; the propensity for male parr maturation; the timing of the spring migration; and the size of autumn and spring migrants from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations from various genetic backgrounds. These experiments were carried out under common garden conditions over a decade in the Srahrevagh River in the west of Ireland. Population specific genetically determined differences in quanti...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/135
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Population estimates of juvenile salmonids in the corrib system 1980
(1981)
Browne, J; Gallagher, P
Population estimates of juvenile salmonids in the corrib system 1980
(1981)
Browne, J; Gallagher, P
Abstract:
Population assessments of the juvenile salmonids in the Corrib System are being made as part of the overall management plan for the Galway Fishery. In 1980 the first of a series of reports which will be issued annually gave information on the juvenile stocks and on the state of the spawning and nursery tributaries during 1979. Details of the methods used and some background on each of the tributaries were presented. Chemical and biological data on water quality along with numbers, size, age and survival of both salmon and trout are given in Fishery Leaflet 103. During 1979 eight tributaries were surveyed and in two cases upstream and downstream reaches were examined. In 1980 the effort in terms of personnel and equipment was increased but the high rainfall during the period of work, from mid-July to mid-September, meant that only two further stations were studied, one on the Dalgan river and the other on the Balinbrack river. The methods used and the scope of the work were identical...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/344
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Preliminary Investigation of the Population of Juvenile Salmonids in the Corrib System
(1980)
Browne, J; Gallagher, P
Preliminary Investigation of the Population of Juvenile Salmonids in the Corrib System
(1980)
Browne, J; Gallagher, P
Abstract:
Population assessments of the juvenile salmonids in the Corrib system are being made as part of the overall management plan for the Galway Fishery. This leaflet is the first of a series of reports which will be issued annually to give up-to-date information on the stocks and on the state of the tributaries used for spawning and nursery grounds. Eight tributaries were surveyed in 1979 and in two cases an upstream and a downstream reach were examined.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/340
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The psychiatric and behavioural characteristics of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS): An Irish population study
(2011)
Prasad, S E; Dicker, P; Howley, S; McNicholas, F; Murphy, K C
The psychiatric and behavioural characteristics of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS): An Irish population study
(2011)
Prasad, S E; Dicker, P; Howley, S; McNicholas, F; Murphy, K C
Abstract:
Background: There is a growingbody of evidence which indicates an unequivocal association between 22qllDS and schizophrenia. Deletion of 22qll is recognised as the third highest risk for the development of schizophrenia, with only a greater risk conferred by being the child of 2 parents with schizophrenia or the monozygotic co-twin of an affected individual. The challenge for clinicians and researchers is to identify early vulnerability traits, symptoms or disorders which may be associated with or predict a later emerging psychotic disorder, so that at risk individuals maybe identified, monitored and treated early to improve outcomes. Identification of these early traits or symptoms firstly requires detailed analysis of the behavioural phenotype in individuals with 22qllDS. The current study aims to define the prevalence and correlates of psychiatric disorders in a population cohort of individuals with 22qllDS in Ireland. The data gained from the study will provide the foundation fo...
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/244204
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Trends in religious composition of population in Republic of Ireland 1946-71
(1975)
Walsh, B.M.
Trends in religious composition of population in Republic of Ireland 1946-71
(1975)
Walsh, B.M.
Abstract:
Compared with 1946 there were more Catholics in the Republic in 1971 but 24 per cent fewer in the main Protestant denominations. More strikingly the number returning 'no religion' or 'no statement' has risen sharply. The age structure of the Protestant population results in their experiencing a high death rate and helps explain in part their low birth rate. Together these factors account for much of the decline. Emigration by Church of Ireland members is lower at all ages than that of Catholics or other Protestants. The increase in numbers returning 'no religion' or 'no statement' would appear to be due mainly to changes in returns made by Catholics. Evidence also suggests that a significant proportion of Church of Ireland members marry in Catholic ceremonies.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/69040
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Population trends in late 19th and early 20th-century ireland - a local study
(1984)
Breen, Richard
Population trends in late 19th and early 20th-century ireland - a local study
(1984)
Breen, Richard
Abstract:
Abstract: The investigation of Irish demographic trends in the half century following the Famine has generally been conducted using figures relating to large areas. In this paper an attempt is made to examine the applicability of some of the hypotheses that have been developed in this context to the demographic changes that occurred in one particular community and which have been investigated in the course of local-level anthropological research.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68738
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Symposium on the Report of the Commission on Emigration and other population problems
(1956)
Carter, C. F.; Duncan, G. A.; Nevin, Donal; O Buachalla, Liam
Symposium on the Report of the Commission on Emigration and other population problems
(1956)
Carter, C. F.; Duncan, G. A.; Nevin, Donal; O Buachalla, Liam
Abstract:
My comments are limited to two points, one demographic and one economic. In matters demographic Ireland is obviously out of step with the rest of the world, and it is difficult to avoid the sense of guilt which comes from being out of step with one's fellows. Yet if one looks ahead towards the end of the century, the future is overshadowed by the disastrous rate of multiplication of mankind. The Society has reason to be proud of the fact that, small and poor as this country is, it has one of the finest statistical services in the world.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/8079
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Class inequalities in educational attainment among the adult population in the Republic of Ireland
(1999)
Whelan, Christopher T.; Hannan, Damian F.
Class inequalities in educational attainment among the adult population in the Republic of Ireland
(1999)
Whelan, Christopher T.; Hannan, Damian F.
Abstract:
Substantial increases in participation rates at secondary and third level in recent years have often been assumed to be associated with increased equality of opportunity. However, there is little evidence from elsewhere that expansion per se, except when it takes the form of saturation of the demand from higher classes, leads to a reduction in class inequalities. In exploring the factors that contribute to trends over time, or to a distinctive position in comparison with other countries, we have drawn on the recent literature to argue that the crucial factors are those which affect decisions to continue in education. We have also operated on the assumption that students and their parents rationally consider the costs and benefits associated with educational choices. The most recent evidence relating to the adult population provides no support for the existence of any trend towards equality of educational opportunity. It is, rather consistent with the class reproduction perspective t...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/62650
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An exercise in surveying a non-universally defined group in the population : the Northern Ireland survey of activity limitation and disability
(2008)
Sweeney, Kevin; Furphy, Michelle
An exercise in surveying a non-universally defined group in the population : the Northern Ireland survey of activity limitation and disability
(2008)
Sweeney, Kevin; Furphy, Michelle
Abstract:
Developing policy and delivering services to people with disabilities is an important aspect of our society. As with all areas of policy and service provision, accurate, timely and reliable data are fundamental to the setting, monitoring and examination of that provision. Market and non-market service providers, advocacy groups and the general population seek increasingly detailed data on the prevalence, nature, severity and life circumstances of those people in our society who experience disability. However, disability is complex and difficult to measure. Whilst most people 'know' what disability means there is little consensus as to a complete but concise definition of the concept that could be employed in censuses, surveys or other data and research instruments. This paper explores the recent experience of the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency in defining, identifying and surveying this seemingly growing group in our society. Previous survey instruments as...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/28012
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Population, employment and urbanisation trends in Northern Ireland
(1976)
Simpson, J. V.
Population, employment and urbanisation trends in Northern Ireland
(1976)
Simpson, J. V.
Abstract:
In recent decades, Northern Ireland has experienced many of the problems of social, physical and economic development on a daunting scale. For the present, unfortunately, to these have been added the problems of civil unrest. As in other -areas of Western Europe, the search has been for methods to alleviate the problems, and Northern Ireland, through the local administration, has been evolving policies to co-ordinate the various aspects of regional policy. Of major concern has been the evolution of economic policy and, of course, this has not been in isolation from the issues of social and physical planning. In this paper, the point of departure is an examination of the process of change which is likely to be necessary in seeking economic expansion. From this base, some comments can be made of how far the experience in recent years is consistent with this process.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/6898
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The genetic improvement of the Irish cattle population
(1966)
Cunningham, E. P.
The genetic improvement of the Irish cattle population
(1966)
Cunningham, E. P.
Abstract:
The dominant position of the cattle industry in the national economy does not need to be stressed. The 1.5 million cows and 14,000 bulls in the country and their progeny are both the raw material for much of the output of our farms, and the agency through which much further raw material is processed into marketable products. The output of meat, dairy produce and livestock which derives from this population of animals makes up a half of the total output of agriculture, and two-thirds of all agricultural exports.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/5100
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History and development of Irish population censuses
(1992)
Linehan, T. P.
History and development of Irish population censuses
(1992)
Linehan, T. P.
Abstract:
This year, 1991, was a Census year and marked one hundred and fifty years since the "Great Population Census" of 1841 was taken. I thought an appropriate way to remember that historic event would be to look briefly at the history of Census taking in Ireland over one and one-half centuries, including the pre-1841 period, but with particular emphasis on 1841 itself. My task would have been impossible without the invaluable help received from CSO, particularly from Mr Aidan Punch. My topic is very appropriate for this Society given the statistical and social inquiry aspects of the Census and the close association with the Society of those charged with responsibility for the national Censuses throughout the whole period of the Society's existence whether as Census Commissioner, Registrar-General or Director of Statistics. It is worthy of notice that at the founding in 1847 of the Dublin Statistical Society (which subsequently blossomed into the Statistical and Social Inqu...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/2762
Marked
Mark
Robust Optical Inversion of the Excitonic Population of InGaAs Quantum Dots via Adiabatic Rapid Passage
(2011)
EASTHAM, PAUL
Robust Optical Inversion of the Excitonic Population of InGaAs Quantum Dots via Adiabatic Rapid Passage
(2011)
EASTHAM, PAUL
Abstract:
We show population inversion in a semiconductor quantum dot with a chirped optical pulse via adiabatic rapid passage. This method is insensitive to variations in the dipole coupling and provides a new tool for preparing ensembles of quantum states.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/56903
Marked
Mark
Runs of homozygosity and population history in cattle
(2012)
BRADLEY, DANIEL GERARD MARY
Runs of homozygosity and population history in cattle
(2012)
BRADLEY, DANIEL GERARD MARY
Abstract:
Background: Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes that are present in an individual due to parents transmitting identical haplotypes to their offspring. The extent and frequency of ROHs may inform on the ancestry of an individual and its population. Here we use high density (n = 777,962) bi-allelic SNPs in a range of cattle breed samples to correlate ROH with the pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients and to validate subsequent analyses using 54,001 SNP genotypes. This study provides a first testing of the inference drawn from ROH through comparison with estimates of inbreeding from calculations based on the detailed pedigree data available for several breeds.Results: All animals genotyped on the HD panel displayed at least one ROH that was between 1-5 Mb in length with certain regions of the genome more likely to be involved in a ROH than others. Strong correlations (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001) existed between the pedigree-based inbreeding coefficie...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/66659
Marked
Mark
Confirmation of the R653Q polymorphism of the trifunctional C1-synthase enzyme as a maternal risk for neural tube defects in the Irish population.
(2006)
MOLLOY, ANNE MARIE; SCOTT, JOHN MARTIN
Confirmation of the R653Q polymorphism of the trifunctional C1-synthase enzyme as a maternal risk for neural tube defects in the Irish population.
(2006)
MOLLOY, ANNE MARIE; SCOTT, JOHN MARTIN
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
The risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) is known to have a significant genetic component that could act through either the NTD patient and/or maternal genotype. The success of folic acid supplementation in NTD prevention has focused attention on polymorphisms within folate-related genes. We previously identified the 1958G>A (R653Q) polymorphism of the trifunctional enzyme MTHFD1 (methylenetetrahydrofolate-dehydrogenase, methenyltetrahydrofolate-cyclohydrolase, formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase; often referred to as 'C1 synthase') as a maternal risk for NTDs, but this association remains to be verified in a separate study to rule out a chance finding. To exclude this possibility, we genotyped an independent sample of mothers with a history of an NTD-affected pregnancy derived from the same Irish population. In this sample there was a significant excess of 1958AA homozygote mothers of NTD cases (n=245) compared to controls (n=770). The direction and magni...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/34494
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