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Displaying Results 76 - 100 of 5834 on page 4 of 234
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Mark
Calculating population density for MOLAND in the Dublin urban area
(2010)
Foley, Ronan; Critchley, Martin; Convery, Sheila
Calculating population density for MOLAND in the Dublin urban area
(2010)
Foley, Ronan; Critchley, Martin; Convery, Sheila
Abstract:
The EPA-funded Urban Environment Project seeks to apply MOLAND, a cellular automata based model, to predict a range of urban impacts in the Greater Dublin Region from 2006 onwards. One quantitative requirement, at least in the input stages of model building, is to establish average population densities for the different residential land use classes because the population must be allocated to cells in these classes. It has a separate output function when actually used within the MOLAND model, relating to the estimation of numbers of people affected by a particular scenario generated by the model. This working paper explores a series of approaches taken to identify population densities for a number of urban land-use categories. The results are documented against a number of differing spatial approaches to test for precision and applicability. Some suggestions are proposed as to the most effective method to use in developing the model.
Other funder
Environmental Protection Agen...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/2505
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Geography, European colonization, and past population dynamics in Africa
(2010)
Vaz Silva, Luis
Geography, European colonization, and past population dynamics in Africa
(2010)
Vaz Silva, Luis
Abstract:
Past population dynamics in Africa have remained largely elusive due to the lack of demographic data. Researchers are understandably deterred from trying to explain what is not known and African historical population estimates suffer from this lack of interest. In this paper I explain present day African population densities using mostly ecological factors as explanatory variables. I find evidence supporting the view that ecological factors deeply affected precolonial patterns of human settlement in Sub-Saharan Africa. Human populations grew relatively large in the presence of lakes, highlands, or when situated in the wet, coastal regions of Western Africa. Other environmental suites were thinly populated with overall population sizes stagnant at low or very low steady states. Subsequent developments show that dramatic increases in the agricultural productivity of peripheral, semiarid areas were possible once colonial innovations were on hand. Thus, European colonization had likely ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/1794
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An assessment of the Irish population for large-scale genetic mapping studies involving epilepsy and other complex diseases
(2008)
CORVIN, AIDEN; GILL, MICHAEL; MORRIS, DEREK WILLIAMS; O'DUSHLAINE, COLM
An assessment of the Irish population for large-scale genetic mapping studies involving epilepsy and other complex diseases
(2008)
CORVIN, AIDEN; GILL, MICHAEL; MORRIS, DEREK WILLIAMS; O'DUSHLAINE, COLM
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
The recent completion of the International HapMap Project has rapidly advanced our understanding of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the human genome. Today, tagging SNPs (tSNPs) can be quickly and easily selected and consequently HapMap data are regularly applied to both small- and large-scale genetic mapping studies. However, to correctly interpret the application of HapMap-derived tSNPs in a genetic mapping study, an understanding of how well HapMap data represents LD in the study population is critical. The Irish population had not previously been characterised in this way. Here, we do so using a set of 4424 SNPs selected from 279 candidate genes for epilepsy genotyped across 1118 healthy individuals from the Irish, British, Finnish and Australian populations. By considering the Irish population alongside surrounding European populations, our results confirm that the HapMap European-derived population accurately estimates patterning of LD in European descent popu...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/34806
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Mark
Settlement Selection: a Critical Consideration for a New National Spatial Strategy Plan? Applying Population and Daytime Working Population Data to a Centrality Spreadsheet Model to Inform an Evidence Base for Gateway and Hub Selection
(2013)
Hughes, Brian
Settlement Selection: a Critical Consideration for a New National Spatial Strategy Plan? Applying Population and Daytime Working Population Data to a Centrality Spreadsheet Model to Inform an Evidence Base for Gateway and Hub Selection
(2013)
Hughes, Brian
Abstract:
Settlement Selection: A Critical Consideration for a New National Spatial Strategy Plan? This Dissertation examines both Central Statistics Office (CSO) published and unpublished demographic evidence from the 2011 and previous censuses, so as to evaluate the 2002 National Spatial Strategy’s (NSS) selection of Gateways and Hub settlements. On its own, population is an incomplete measure of size. However, when used with emerging employment data, a robust methodological time-dynamic centrality model may be constructed based on population and Daytime Working Population (DWP) behaviour and other related and relevant investigations. The Model compares unpublished 2002 data of the NSS Plan with similar 2011 census for all large and medium-sized Irish settlements of 5,000 and over in population. The selected methodological approach analyses the group of eighty-five settlements comprising Ireland’s five cities and eighty Band 1 and 2 towns as at the 2011 census. A series of criteria are exam...
https://arrow.dit.ie/builtmas/19
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Population ageing in Ireland: projections 2002 - 2021.
(2004)
Connell, Peter; Pringle, Dennis
Population ageing in Ireland: projections 2002 - 2021.
(2004)
Connell, Peter; Pringle, Dennis
Abstract:
It has been proposed that this 'crisis' will arise because an ageing population will result in a smaller proportion of people of working age supporting an increasingly dependent older age group causing an unsustainable depletion of our public finances. In response to this 'threat', proposed policy solutions have focused on greater fiscal discipline, reduced public provision of services in favour of greater self-sufficiency, increasing productivity and increasing population growth. The 'apocalyptic scenarios' that have been presented are often based on the following assumptions: that older people are a social and economic burden; that the ageing of the population will result in correspondingly higher dependency ratios; and that there is a linear relationship between the size of the older population and public expenditure. These assumptions are at best erroneous and at worst promote ageism in society.
http://hdl.handle.net/10147/345395
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Assessing potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and predicting patient outcomes in Ontario's older population: a population-based cohort study applying subsets of the STOPP/START and Beers' criteria in large health administrative databases.
(2015)
CAHIR, CAITRIONA
Assessing potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and predicting patient outcomes in Ontario's older population: a population-based cohort study applying subsets of the STOPP/START and Beers' criteria in large health administrative databases.
(2015)
CAHIR, CAITRIONA
Abstract:
Introduction Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common in older people and contribute significantly to emergency department (ED) visits, unplanned hospitalisations, healthcare costs, morbidity and mortality. Many ADEs are avoidable if attention is directed towards identifying and preventing inappropriate drug use and undesirable drug combinations. Tools exist to identify potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in clinical settings, but they are underused. Applying PIP assessment tools to population-wide health administrative data could provide an opportunity to assess the impact of PIP on individual patients as well as on the healthcare system. This would open new possibilities for interventions to monitor and optimise medication management on a broader, population-level scale. Methods and analysis The aim of this study is to describe the occurrence of PIP in Ontario's older population (aged 65?years and older), and to assess the health outcomes and health system costs associa...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/76626
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The chronic ills of multimorbidity : a cross-sectional examination of the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with multimorbidity in the Irish population aged 50 years and over and its corresponding impact on health and social care utilisation
(2013)
McDaid, Olga
The chronic ills of multimorbidity : a cross-sectional examination of the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with multimorbidity in the Irish population aged 50 years and over and its corresponding impact on health and social care utilisation
(2013)
McDaid, Olga
Abstract:
THESIS 10390
Multimorbidity predicts many adverse health outcomes, placing a heavy burden on the individual as well as population health. It has clear implications for current healthcare provision and with the projected ageing of the Irish population presents substantial challenges for future healthcare policy and planning. Population level evidence on multimorbidity is, however, limited. The factors driving multimorbidity prevalence are poorly understood and appropriate responses have yet to be integrated into population health planning and service delivery. The overall aim of this thesis was to gain a greater understanding of the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with multimorbidity at a population level in Ireland, as well as the corresponding impact of multimorbidity on health and social care utilisation. Three separate but related empirical studies were conducted based on the following central objectives: -- 1. To estimate the prevalence and non-random patterning...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/85259
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Mark
Population and Poverty in Ireland on the Eve of the Great Famine
(2019)
Fernihough, Alan; Ó Gráda, Cormac
Population and Poverty in Ireland on the Eve of the Great Famine
(2019)
Fernihough, Alan; Ó Gráda, Cormac
Abstract:
The link between demographic pressure and economic conditions in pre-Famine Ireland has long interested economists. This paper re-visits the topic, harnessing the highly disaggregated parish-level data from the 1841 Census of Ireland. Using population per value adjusted acre as a measure of population pressure, our results indicate that on the eve of the Great Famine of 1846{50, population pressure was positively associated with both illiteracy rates and the prevalence of poor quality housing. But while our analysis shows that population pressure was one of the primary factors underpinning pre-Famine poverty, it also highlights the importance of geography and human agency. A counterfactual computation indicates that had Ireland's population stayed at its 1800 level, this would have led to only modest improvements in literacy and housing.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/10613
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An Immortalized Genetic Mapping Population for Perennial Ryegrass: A Resource for Phenotyping and Complex Trait Mapping
(2018)
Velmurugan, Janaki; Milbourne, Dan; Connolly, Vincent; Heslop-Harrison, J. S.; Anhalt, ...
An Immortalized Genetic Mapping Population for Perennial Ryegrass: A Resource for Phenotyping and Complex Trait Mapping
(2018)
Velmurugan, Janaki; Milbourne, Dan; Connolly, Vincent; Heslop-Harrison, J. S.; Anhalt, Ulrike C. M.; Lynch, M. B.; Barth, Susanne
Abstract:
To address the lack of a truly portable, universal reference mapping population for perennial ryegrass, we have been developing a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population of perennial ryegrass derived via single seed descent from a well-characterized F2 mapping population based on genetically distinct inbred parents in which the natural self-incompatibility (SI) system of perennial ryegrass has been overcome. We examined whether it is possible to create a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) based genetic linkage map in a small population of the F6 generation of this population. We used 41 F6 genotypes for GBS with PstI/MspI-based libraries. We successfully developed a genetic linkage map comprising 6074 SNP markers, placing a further 22080 presence and absence variation (PAV) markers on the map. We examined the resulting genetic map for general and RIL specific features. Overall segregation distortion levels were similar to those experienced in the F2 generation, but segregation ...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1644
Marked
Mark
An Immortalized Genetic Mapping Population for Perennial Ryegrass: A Resource for Phenotyping and Complex Trait Mapping
(2019)
Velmurugan, Janaki; Milbourne, Dan; Connolly, Vincent; Heslop-Harrison, J. S.; Anhalt, ...
An Immortalized Genetic Mapping Population for Perennial Ryegrass: A Resource for Phenotyping and Complex Trait Mapping
(2019)
Velmurugan, Janaki; Milbourne, Dan; Connolly, Vincent; Heslop-Harrison, J. S.; Anhalt, Ulrike C. M.; Lynch, M. B.; Barth, Susanne
Abstract:
To address the lack of a truly portable, universal reference mapping population for perennial ryegrass, we have been developing a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population of perennial ryegrass derived via single seed descent from a well-characterized F2 mapping population based on genetically distinct inbred parents in which the natural self-incompatibility (SI) system of perennial ryegrass has been overcome. We examined whether it is possible to create a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) based genetic linkage map in a small population of the F6 generation of this population. We used 41 F6 genotypes for GBS with PstI/MspI-based libraries. We successfully developed a genetic linkage map comprising 6074 SNP markers, placing a further 22080 presence and absence variation (PAV) markers on the map. We examined the resulting genetic map for general and RIL specific features. Overall segregation distortion levels were similar to those experienced in the F2 generation, but segregation ...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/1727
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Mark
Demographics and landscape features determine intrariver population structure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): the case of the River Moy in Ireland
(2008)
Dillane, E; McGinnity, P; Coughlan, J P; Cross, M C; deEyto, E; Kenchington, E; Prodöhl...
Demographics and landscape features determine intrariver population structure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): the case of the River Moy in Ireland
(2008)
Dillane, E; McGinnity, P; Coughlan, J P; Cross, M C; deEyto, E; Kenchington, E; Prodöhl, P; Cross, T F
Abstract:
Contemporary genetic structure of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the River Moy in Ireland is shown here to be strongly related to landscape features and population demographics, with populations being defined largely by their degree of physical isolation and their size. Samples of juvenile salmon were collected from the 17 major spawning areas on the river Moy and from one spawning area in each of five smaller nearby rivers. No temporal allele frequency differences were observed within locations for 12 microsatellite loci, whereas nearly all spatial samples differed significantly suggesting that each was a separate population. Bayesian clustering and landscape genetic analyses suggest that these populations can be combined hierarchically into five genetically informative larger groupings. Lakes were found to be the single most important determinant of the observed population structure. Spawning area size was also an important factor. The salmon population of the closest nearby ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/149
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Empirical study of age structure of irish population
(1970)
Walsh, B
Empirical study of age structure of irish population
(1970)
Walsh, B
Abstract:
The economic and social consequences of a population's age structure are far-reaching. The proportion of a country's population in the active age groups largely determines the relationship between productivity per worker and income per person. The ability of a society to provide the health, educational and recreational facilities needed by young and old people is affected by the ratio ofactive to dependent people in the population. Changes in the population's age structure are of considerable significance for the level o f demand for numerous consumers' durable goods, and may have wide repercussions on the cyclical behaviour of GNP, as has been argued by Easterlin.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68798
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Tuberculosis incidence in the Irish Traveller population in Ireland from 2002 to 2013.
(2015)
COMISKEY, CATHERINE; ROGERS, THOMAS; O'TOOLE, RONAN
Tuberculosis incidence in the Irish Traveller population in Ireland from 2002 to 2013.
(2015)
COMISKEY, CATHERINE; ROGERS, THOMAS; O'TOOLE, RONAN
Abstract:
The health status of the Irish Traveller ethnic minority is low compared to the general population in Ireland in terms of infant mortality rates and life expectancies. Respiratory disease is an area of health disparity manifested as excess mortalities in Traveller males and females. In this study, we examined the available data with regard to tuberculosis (TB) notifications in Ireland from 2002 to 2013. We found an increase in TB notifications in Irish Travellers from 2010 onwards. This resulted in a crude incidence rate for TB in Irish Travellers that was about threefold higher than that of the white Irish-born population in 2011 and 2012. An outbreak of TB in Irish Travellers in 2013 increased this differential further, but when outbreak-linked cases were excluded, a higher incidence rate was still observed in Irish Travellers relative to the general population and to white Irish-born. The mean age of a TB patient was 26 years in Irish Travellers compared to 43 years in the genera...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/73226
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Expanding HIV testing efforts in concentrated epidemic settings: a population-based survey from rural Vietnam.
(2011)
Pharris, Anastasia; Nguyen, Thi Kim Chuc; Tishelman, Carol; Brugha, Ruairi; Nguyen, Phu...
Expanding HIV testing efforts in concentrated epidemic settings: a population-based survey from rural Vietnam.
(2011)
Pharris, Anastasia; Nguyen, Thi Kim Chuc; Tishelman, Carol; Brugha, Ruairi; Nguyen, Phuong Hoa; Thorson, Anna
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available from <a href="http://www.plosone.org">http://www.plosone.org</a></p>
<p>BACKGROUND: To improve HIV prevention and care programs, it is important to understand the uptake of HIV testing and to identify population segments in need of increased HIV testing. This is particularly crucial in countries with concentrated HIV epidemics, where HIV prevalence continues to rise in the general population. This study analyzes determinants of HIV testing in a rural Vietnamese population in order to identify potential access barriers and areas for promoting HIV testing services.</p> <p>METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional survey of 1874 randomly sampled adults was linked to pregnancy, migration and economic cohort data from a demographic surveillance site (DSS). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors were associated with having tested for HIV.</p> <p>RE...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/ephmart/13
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Population dynamics, age, growth and maturity of lemon sole Microstomus kitt (Walbaum 1792) sampled between 2000-2002 off the west coast of Ireland
(2006)
King, Pauline A.; Hannan, Joan F.; McGrath, David; Veldon, Mary
Population dynamics, age, growth and maturity of lemon sole Microstomus kitt (Walbaum 1792) sampled between 2000-2002 off the west coast of Ireland
(2006)
King, Pauline A.; Hannan, Joan F.; McGrath, David; Veldon, Mary
Abstract:
The age, growth, maturity and population dynamics of lemon sale (Microstomus kin), from commercial catches off the west coast of Ireland (ICES division Vllb), was determined for the period November 2000 to February 2002. The maximum age recorded was 14 years. Males of the population were dominated by 4 year olds, while females were dominated by 5 year olds. Females dominated the sex ratio in the overall sample, by month sampled, by age class and by size (from 22cm in total length onwards. when N > 20). Mature male and female lemon sale were encountered at age 2 and above. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated using the method of Rafail (1973). In recent years, the lemon sale has exhibited a smaller asymptotic length (L∞ = 34.47cm), faster growth rate (K = 0.1955) and younger age at first maturity than in the same area in 1978-1979. These changes are indicative of a decrease in population size following exploitation.
http://hdl.handle.net/10759/576870
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The role of the pine marten in Irish squirrel population dynamics
(2014)
Sheehy, Emma
The role of the pine marten in Irish squirrel population dynamics
(2014)
Sheehy, Emma
Abstract:
There are two squirrel species found in Ireland. The native red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris, and the invasive North American grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis. In Ireland, the UK and Italy the grey squirrel threatens the survival of the red squirrel as the effects of competition and disease from the grey squirrel almost inevitably lead to total replacement of the red squirrel population. In 2007, the results of a national squirrel survey suggested that the normally invasive grey squirrel population in the midlands of Ireland had gone into decline. Whilst occasionally grey squirrel introductions have failed elsewhere, such a decline in range has not been recorded anywhere else for this species subsequent to having established itself as an invasive population. In the 2007 report, the decline in grey squirrel range was anecdotally attributed to an increase in European pine marten, Martes martes, range and numbers. The pine marten population in Ireland reached a nadir in the earl...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/3949
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Assessing potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and predicting patient outcomes in Ontario's older population: a population-based cohort study applying subsets of the STOPP/START and Beers' criteria in large health administrative databases.
(2015)
Bjerre, Lise M; Ramsay, Timothy; Cahir, Catriona; Ryan, Cristín; Halil, Roland; Farrell...
Assessing potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and predicting patient outcomes in Ontario's older population: a population-based cohort study applying subsets of the STOPP/START and Beers' criteria in large health administrative databases.
(2015)
Bjerre, Lise M; Ramsay, Timothy; Cahir, Catriona; Ryan, Cristín; Halil, Roland; Farrell, Barbara; Thavorn, Kednapa; Catley, Christina; Hawken, Steven; Gillespie, Ulrika; Manuel, Douglas G
Abstract:
<p>This article is also available at <a href="http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/11/e010146.full.pdf+html">http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/11/e010146.full.pdf+html</a></p>
<p>INTRODUCTION: Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common in older people and contribute significantly to emergency department (ED) visits, unplanned hospitalisations, healthcare costs, morbidity and mortality. Many ADEs are avoidable if attention is directed towards identifying and preventing inappropriate drug use and undesirable drug combinations. Tools exist to identify potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in clinical settings, but they are underused. Applying PIP assessment tools to population-wide health administrative data could provide an opportunity to assess the impact of PIP on individual patients as well as on the healthcare system. This would open new possibilities for interventions to monitor and optimise medication management on a broader, population-le...
https://epubs.rcsi.ie/spharmart/27
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The public awareness of stillbirth: an Irish population study
(2017)
Nuzum, Daniel; Meaney, Sarah; O'Donoghue, Keelin
The public awareness of stillbirth: an Irish population study
(2017)
Nuzum, Daniel; Meaney, Sarah; O'Donoghue, Keelin
Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the general population's awareness of stillbirth. Design: A cross‐sectional telephone population survey. Setting: A nationally representative sample of the Irish adult population. Sample: In all, 999 members of the Irish population were selected by random digit dialling. Methods: Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the odds of identifying risk factors for stillbirth. Main outcome measures: Public knowledge of incidence, risk factors, causes and social awareness about stillbirth. Results: Only a minority, 17%, of respondents correctly identified the incidence of stillbirth. Men and those aged over 45 years were more likely to say they did not know when a stillbirth occurs. Over half, 56% of respondents were unable to identify any stillbirth risk factors. Half of respondents, 53%, believed that the cause of stillbirth was due to a problem with the baby, 39% a problem with the mother,...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6196
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Developing educational resources for population genetics in r: an open and collaborative approach
(2018)
Kamvar, Zhian N.; López-Uribe, Margarita M.; Coughlan, Simone; Grünwald, Niklaus J.; La...
Developing educational resources for population genetics in r: an open and collaborative approach
(2018)
Kamvar, Zhian N.; López-Uribe, Margarita M.; Coughlan, Simone; Grünwald, Niklaus J.; Lapp, Hilmar; Manel, Stéphanie
Abstract:
The R computing and statistical language community has developed a myriad of resources for conducting population genetic analyses. However, resources for learning how to carry out population genetic analyses in R are scattered and often incomplete, which can make acquiring this skill unnecessarily difficult and time consuming. To address this gap, we developed an online community resource with guidance and working demonstrations for conducting population genetic analyses in R. The resource is freely available at http://popgen.nescent.org and includes material for both novices and advanced users of R for population genetics. To facilitate continued maintenance and growth of this resource, we developed a toolchain, process and conventions designed to (i) minimize financial and labour costs of upkeep; (ii) to provide a low barrier to contribution; and (iii) to ensure strong quality assurance. The toolchain includes automatic integration testing of every change and rebuilding of the web...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/12142
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) reveal sibship among founders of a Bangladeshi rohu (Labeo rohita) breeding population
(2019)
Hamilton, Matthew Gray; Mekkawy, Wagdy; Kilian, Andrzej; Benzie, John A. H.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) reveal sibship among founders of a Bangladeshi rohu (Labeo rohita) breeding population
(2019)
Hamilton, Matthew Gray; Mekkawy, Wagdy; Kilian, Andrzej; Benzie, John A. H.
Abstract:
Rohu (Labeo rohita) is a significant freshwater aquaculture species with approximately 1.8 Mt produced annually. Fin clips obtained from the founders of a newly established Bangladesh-based breeding population (~140 fish from each of the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers) were used to identify 9157 SNPs and 14 411 silicoDArT markers using the Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) genotyping-by-sequencing platform known as using the DArTseqTM platform. After quality control, 1985 SNPs were retained and used to examine population structure within and among river systems. Examination of genomic relationships revealed evidence of full- and half-sibling relationships among founders. Accordingly, sibship and dummy parents were assigned within each river population using a maximum likelihood approach with COLONY software. Founders that had no dummy parents in common were then identified for population genetic analyses. Only 40 unique dummy parents and 17 founders with no common dummy parents wer...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9137
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The risk of gambling problems in the general population: a reconsideration
(2019)
Harrison, Glenn W.; Lau, Morten I.; Ross, Don
The risk of gambling problems in the general population: a reconsideration
(2019)
Harrison, Glenn W.; Lau, Morten I.; Ross, Don
Abstract:
We examine the manner in which the population prevalence of disordered gambling has usually been estimated, on the basis of surveys that suffer from a potential sample selection bias. General population surveys screen respondents using seemingly innocuous “trigger,” “gateway” or “diagnostic stem” questions, applied before they ask the actual questions about gambling behavior and attitudes. Modeling the latent sample selection behavior generated by these trigger questions using up-to-date econometrics for sample selection bias correction leads to dramatically different inferences about population prevalence and comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders. The population prevalence of problem or pathological gambling in the United States is inferred to be 7.7%, rather than 1.3% when this behavioral response is ignored. Comorbidities are inferred to be much smaller than the received wisdom, particularly when considering the marginal association with other mental health problems rath...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/9466
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Strategic noise mapping, population exposure estimates and 'acoustical planning' mitigation analysis in a European capital city
(2011)
Murphy, Enda; King, Eoin A.
Strategic noise mapping, population exposure estimates and 'acoustical planning' mitigation analysis in a European capital city
(2011)
Murphy, Enda; King, Eoin A.
Abstract:
Inter-noise 2010, 39th International Congress on Noise Control Engineering: Noise and Sustainability, Lisbon, June 13th-16th 2010
This paper reports on research conducted to analyse the impact of two noise mitigation measures on levels of population exposure in Dublin, Ireland: travel demand and speed reduction. At the outset, the research utilises the CRTN calculation model, LIMA software and GIS to establish areas of poor sound quality. Then a base reference condition of selected roads within noise hotspots is used as a benchmark for assessing the relative impact of the mitigation measures in terms of their ability to bring about reductions in levels of population exposure to noise for both Lden and Lnight. The results demonstrate that in terms of noise action planning, reducing the level of travel demand leads to the most significant reduction in population exposure for Lden and Lnight. They highlight the significant role that noise mitigation measures can play in aiding good...
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/3002
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Eighteenth-century Irish population : new perspectives from old sources
(2008)
Ó Gráda, Cormac; Daultrey, Stuart; Dickson, David
Eighteenth-century Irish population : new perspectives from old sources
(2008)
Ó Gráda, Cormac; Daultrey, Stuart; Dickson, David
Abstract:
The lack of other data has made fiscally motivated house counts the main basis of pre-censal Irish population estimates in the past. The source is potentially treacherous: in this paper spatial autocorrelation analysis of house counts at the county level is used to monitor its reliability over time. The new house totals which emerge, coupled with new estimates of mean household size, yield a different picture of aggregate and provincial population change between 1700 and 1821 than suggested in Connell's classic work. The final section of the paper suggests an interpretation of population change consistent with our revised figures.
2014-09-18 JG: Record reinstated from backup after damaged text_value
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/375
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A population study of the eel Anguilla anguilla in Meelick Bay, Lough Derg
(1983)
Moriarty, C.
A population study of the eel Anguilla anguilla in Meelick Bay, Lough Derg
(1983)
Moriarty, C.
Abstract:
Monthly samples totalling 1,945 yellow eels were caught by fyke net in a small bay, area 100 hectares, of a large lake in 1981 and 1982. Catch per unit effort figures showed that population density varied between months and between specific areas of the bay. Most of the eels sampled (80%) measured between 34 cm and 54 cm. Ages of a sample of 168 specimens taken in 1979 ranged from 7 to 17 years, 80% from 8 to 13 years. Length frequencies were constant throughout the bay within months but showed changes between months. Recapture rate of 1,660 eels tagged was extremely low at 1.14%. The results showed that (1) when eel population density is being compared between years, it is necessary to define exactly the positions where sampling takes place and (2) the eel population in this bay was not resident but appeared to be undergoing constant change throughout the warm months of the year.
http://hdl.handle.net/10793/176
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Population Estimation and Trappability of the European Badger (Meles meles): Implications for Tuberculosis Management.
(2013)
Byrne, Andrew W.; O'Keeffe, James; green, stuart; Sleeman, D. Paddy; Corner, Leigh...
Population Estimation and Trappability of the European Badger (Meles meles): Implications for Tuberculosis Management.
(2013)
Byrne, Andrew W.; O'Keeffe, James; green, stuart; Sleeman, D. Paddy; Corner, Leigh A. L.; Gormley, Eamonn; Murphy, Denise; Martin, S. Wayne; Davenport, John
Abstract:
Estimates of population size and trappability inform vaccine efficacy modelling and are required for adaptive management during prolonged wildlife vaccination campaigns. We present an analysis of mark-recapture data from a badger vaccine (Bacille Calmette–Gue´ rin) study in Ireland. This study is the largest scale (755 km2) mark-recapture study ever undertaken with this species. The study area was divided into three approximately equal–sized zones, each with similar survey and capture effort. A mean badger population size of 671 (SD: 76) was estimated using a closed-subpopulation model (CSpM) based on data from capturing sessions of the entire area and was consistent with a separate multiplicative model. Minimum number alive estimates calculated from the same data were on average 49–51% smaller than the CSpM estimates, but these are considered severely negatively biased when trappability is low. Population densities derived from the CSpM estimates were 0.82–1.06 badgers km22, and br...
http://hdl.handle.net/11019/386
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