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'time' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 2850 on page 1 of 114
Marked
Mark
Work rich, time poor? time-use of women and men in Ireland
(2007)
McGinnity, Frances; Russell, Helen
Work rich, time poor? time-use of women and men in Ireland
(2007)
McGinnity, Frances; Russell, Helen
Abstract:
Are we running out of time? This paper uses data from a recently completed time-use survey in Ireland to consider whether the recent employment growth has led to high workloads, time-pressure and a lack of free time. We examine levels of total committed time, that is, time spent on employment/education, unpaid work (caring and household work) and travel, across different groups in the population. We find high workloads among the employed and those caring for young children and adults. High levels of committed time are found to be associated with greater subjective feelings of time-pressure. Our evidence suggests that recent employment growth is likely to have contributed to time poverty and feelings of time-pressure.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/60364
Marked
Mark
Time-scale Modification of Music using a Synchronized Subband/Time-domain Approach
(2004)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert
Time-scale Modification of Music using a Synchronized Subband/Time-domain Approach
(2004)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert
Abstract:
<p>Time-domain audio time-scaling algorithms are efficient in comparison to their frequency-domain counterparts, but they rely upon the existence of a quasi-periodic signal to produce a high quality output. This requirement makes them unsuitable for direct application to complex multi-pitched signals such as polyphonic music. However, it has been shown that applying time-domain algorithms on a subband basis can resolve this issue. Existing subband/time domain approaches result in a reverberant/phasy artifact being introduced into the output due to poor synchronization between time-scaled subbands. This paper presents a number of synchronization schemes that greatly reduce the amount of reverberation/phasiness introduced into the time-scaled output by existing subband/time domain approach.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/24
Marked
Mark
A Real-time Framework for Video Time and Pitch Scale Modification
(2010)
Damnjanovic, Ivan; Barry, Dan; Dorran, David; Reiss, Josh
A Real-time Framework for Video Time and Pitch Scale Modification
(2010)
Damnjanovic, Ivan; Barry, Dan; Dorran, David; Reiss, Josh
Abstract:
<p>A framework is presented which addresses the issues related to the real-time implementation of synchronised video and audio time-scale and pitch-scale modification algorithms. It allows for seamless real-time transition between continually varying, independent time-scale and pitch-scale parameters arising as a result of manual or automatic intervention. We illuminate the problems which arise in a real-time context as well as provide novel solutions to prevent artefacts, minimise latency, and improve synchronisation. The time and pitch scaling approach is based on a modified phase vocoder with optional phase locking and an integrated transient detector which enables high quality transient preservation in real-time. A novel method for audio/visual synchronisation was implemented in order to ensure no perceptible latency between audio and video while real-time time scaling and pitch shifting is applied. Evaluation results are reported which demonstrate both high audio quality ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/47
Marked
Mark
Time–space intensification: Karl Polanyi, the double movement, and global informational capitalism
(2006)
O Riain, Sean
Time–space intensification: Karl Polanyi, the double movement, and global informational capitalism
(2006)
O Riain, Sean
Abstract:
This article advances the concept of 'time-space intensification' as an alternative to existing notions of time-space distanciation, compression and embedding that attempt to capture the restructuring of time and space in contemporary advanced capitalism. This concept suggests time and space are intensified in the contemporary period : the social experience of time and space becomes more explicit and more crucial to socioeconomic actors' lives, time and space are mobilized more explicitly in individual and corporate action, and the institutionalization of time and space becomes more politicized. Drawing on Polanyi's concepts of fictitious commodities and the double movement, and developing them through an analysis of work organization and economic development in the Irish software industry, the article argues that the concept of time-space intensification can add significantly to our understanding of key features of the restructuring of the temporal and spatial b...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/554/
Marked
Mark
Audio Time-scale Modification using a Hybrid Time-frequency Domain Approach
(2005)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
Audio Time-scale Modification using a Hybrid Time-frequency Domain Approach
(2005)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
Abstract:
<p>Frequency-domain approaches to audio time-scale modification introduce a reverberant artefact into the time-scaled output due to a loss in phase coherence between subband components. Whilst techniques have been developed which reduce the presence of this artifact, it remains a source of difficulty. A method of time-scaling is presented that reduces the presence of the reverberation by taking advantage of some flexibility that exists in the choice of phase required so as to maintain horizontal phase coherence along frequency-domain subband components. The approach makes use of appealing aspects of existing time-domain and frequency-domain time-scaling techniques.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/14
Marked
Mark
A Comparison of Time-domain Time-scale Modification Algorithms
(2006)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert; Coyle, Eugene
A Comparison of Time-domain Time-scale Modification Algorithms
(2006)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
<p>Time-domain appraoches to time-scale modification are popular due to their ability to produce high quality results at a relatively low computational cost. Within the category of time-domain implementations quite a number of alternatives exist, each with their own computational requirements and associated output quality. This paper provides a computational and objective output quality assessment of a number of popular time-domain time-scaling implmentations; thus providing a means for developers to identify a suitable algorithm for their application of interest. In addition, the issues that should be considered in developing time-domain algorithms are outlines, purely in the context of a waveform editing procedure.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/64
Marked
Mark
Audio Time-Scale Modification Using a Hybrid Time-Frequency Domain Approach
(2005)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
Audio Time-Scale Modification Using a Hybrid Time-Frequency Domain Approach
(2005)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
Abstract:
Frequency-domain approaches to audio time-scale modification introduce a reverberant artifact into the time-scaled output due to a loss in phase coherence between subband components. WHilst techniques have been developed which reduce the presence of this artifact, it remains a source of difficulty. A method of time-scaling is presented that reduces the presence of reverberation by taking advantage of some flexibility that exists in the choice of phase required so as to maintain horizontal phase coherence along frequency-domain subband components. The approach makes use of appearling aspects of existing time-domain and requency-domain time-scaling techniques.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/652/
Marked
Mark
Time and Pitch Scale Modification: a Real-time Framework and Tutorial
(2008)
Barry, Dan; Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene
Time and Pitch Scale Modification: a Real-time Framework and Tutorial
(2008)
Barry, Dan; Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
<p>A framework is presented which is designed to address the issues related to the real-time implementation of time-scale and pitch scale modification algorithms. This framework can be used as the basis for the developments of applications which allow for a seamless real-time transition between continually varying time scale and pitch-scale parameters which arise as a result of manual or automatic intervention.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/16
Marked
Mark
Towards real-time middleware for vehicular ad hoc networks.
(2004)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Towards real-time middleware for vehicular ad hoc networks.
(2004)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Abstract:
Applications of inter-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communication that make use of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) will often require reliable communication that provides guaranteed real-time message propagation. This paper describes an event-based middleware, called RT-STEAM. Unlike other event systems, RT-STEAM does not rely on a centralized event broker or look-up service while still supporting event channels providing hard real-time event delivery. RT-STEAM event filtering can be based on subject, content and/or proximity. To guarantee real-time communication, we exploit proximitybased event propagation to guarantee real-time constraints within the defined proximities only. The proximity within which realtime guarantees are available is adapted to maintain time bounds while allowing changes to membership and topology, typical of VANETs. This Space-Elastic Model of real-time communication is the first to directly address adaptation in the space domain to guarantee real-time ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/32807
Marked
Mark
Wireless Communication Using Real-Time Extensions to the Linux Network Subsystem
(2006)
CAHILL, VINNY
Wireless Communication Using Real-Time Extensions to the Linux Network Subsystem
(2006)
CAHILL, VINNY
Abstract:
Timely wireless communication is essential to allow real-time mobile applications, e.g., communication between mobile robots and intervehicle communication to be realized. The current IEEE 802.11 ad hoc protocol is unable to provide real-time communication guarantees due to its underlying contention-based MAC layer. Our current research is addressing the implementation of a time-bounded MAC protocol as a layer above 802.11. The implementation of a timely MAC protocol requires predictable and deterministic behavior at the device driver level, currently unavailable in the Linux operating system. This paper describes real-time extensions to the Linux operating system to provide real-time guarantees at the device driver level. To our knowledge, we are the first to implement a real-time ORiNOCO driver for real-time Linux. In addition we provide a low-level evaluation of the timeliness of packet transmission achievable using IEEE 802.11.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/16520
Marked
Mark
Estimation of the parameters of a delayed process using open loop time domain techniques
(1999)
Stolfa, Morena; O'Dwyer, Aidan
Estimation of the parameters of a delayed process using open loop time domain techniques
(1999)
Stolfa, Morena; O'Dwyer, Aidan
Abstract:
In this paper, we present three different approaches to fit the experimental data of a process with time delay in the time domain. Two of the proposed methods are based on the step response, and the third is based on the pulse response. The effectiveness of these techniques is verified by simulation results and by real-time experimental data. Only first order lag plus time delay models are considered in this paper.
http://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart/88
Marked
Mark
An Efficient Phasiness Reduction Technique for Moderate Audio Time-scale Modification
(2004)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
An Efficient Phasiness Reduction Technique for Moderate Audio Time-scale Modification
(2004)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Robert
Abstract:
<p>Phase vocoder approaches to time-scale modification of audio introduce a reverberant/phasy artifact into the time-scaled output due to a loss in phase coherence between short-time Fourier transform (STFT) bins. Recent improvements to the phase vocoder have reduced the presence of this artifact, however, it remains a problem. A method of time-scaling is presented that results in a further reduction in phasiness, for moderate time-scale factors by taking advantage of some flexibility that exists in the choice of phase required so as to maintain horizontal phase coherence between related STFT bins. Furthermore, the approach leads to a reduction in computational load within the range of time-scaling factors for which phasiness is reduced.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/25
Marked
Mark
Time Bounded Medium Access Control for Ad Hoc Networks
(2002)
CAHILL, VINNY
Time Bounded Medium Access Control for Ad Hoc Networks
(2002)
CAHILL, VINNY
Abstract:
Most previous work on medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless ad hoc networks has focused on the twin goals of maximising throughput and minimising average packet delay as required for general-purpose applications. In this paper we describe a new MAC protocol for use in multi-hop ad hoc networks whose goal is to provide, with high probability, time-bounded access to the wireless medium for applications with guaranteed response time requirements. The Time-Bounded Medium Access Control (TBMAC) protocol is based on time-division multiple access with dynamic but predictable slot allocation. TBMAC uses a lightweight atomic multicast protocol to achieve distributed agreement on slot allocation and employs location information to minimise contention for slots. TBMAC is the rst time-bounded MAC protocol for multihop wireless ad hoc networks. In this paper we describe the protocol and provide a number of time bounds for the transmission of messages.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/32646
Marked
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A stated preference analysis of real-time public transit stop information
(2009)
CAULFIELD, BRIAN; O'MAHONY, MARGARET MARY
A stated preference analysis of real-time public transit stop information
(2009)
CAULFIELD, BRIAN; O'MAHONY, MARGARET MARY
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of a study conducted to examine the benefits derived from real-time public transit stop information. This research examines the preferences between several options of receiving real-time public transit stop information. The literature states that one of the main reasons individuals access real-time information is to remove the uncertainty when using public transit. This relationship was examined to ascertain if the provision of real-time public transit information can remove the uncertainty and frustration associated with using public transit. A nested logit model structure was applied in this study to examine the benefits derived from accessing real-time public transit information. These models are estimated on segments of the dataset to ascertain how the mode of transport used by the respondents impacts the benefits derived from using real-time public transit information. The results of this study demonstrate that passengers derive the greatest bene...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/39191
Marked
Mark
Multiscaled cross-correlation dynamics in financial time series
(2009)
Conlon, Thomas; Ruskin, Heather J.; Crane, Martin
Multiscaled cross-correlation dynamics in financial time series
(2009)
Conlon, Thomas; Ruskin, Heather J.; Crane, Martin
Abstract:
The cross-correlation matrix between equities comprises multiple interactions between traders with varying strategies and time horizons. In this paper, we use the Maximum Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) to calculate correlation matrices over different time scales and then explore the eigenvalue spectrum over sliding time windows. The dynamics of the eigenvalue spectrum at different scales provides insight into the interactions between the numerous constituents involved. A study of the eigenvalue spectrum in its entirety provides further insight. On partitioning the eigenvalue time series, we show that negative index returns, (drawdowns), are associated with periods where the largest eigenvalue is greatest, while positive index returns, (drawups), are associated with periods where the largest eigenvalue is smallest. Furthermore, through the study of the small eigenvalues of the correlation matrix, we show that information about the correlation dynamics is visible at both ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/14915/
Marked
Mark
A Design Methodology for Switched Discrete Time Linear Systems with Applications to Automotive Roll Dynamics Control
(2008)
Solmaz, Selim; Shorten, Robert; Wulff, Kai; O'Cairbre, Fiacre
A Design Methodology for Switched Discrete Time Linear Systems with Applications to Automotive Roll Dynamics Control
(2008)
Solmaz, Selim; Shorten, Robert; Wulff, Kai; O'Cairbre, Fiacre
Abstract:
In this paper we consider the asymptotic stability of a class of discrete-time switching linear systems, where each of the constituent subsystems is Schur stable. We first present an example to motivate our study, which illustrates that the bilinear transform does not preserve the stability of a class of switched linear systems. Consequently, continuous time stability results cannot be transformed to discrete time analogs using this transformation. We then present a subclass of discrete-time switching systems, that arise frequently in practical applications. We prove that global attractivity for this subclass can be obtained without requiring the existence of a common quadratic Lyapunov function (CQLF). Using this result we present a synthesis procedure to construct switching stabilizing controllers for an automotive control problem, which is related to the stabilization of a vehicle's roll dynamics subject to switches in the center of gravity (CG) height.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/892/
Marked
Mark
Time Scale Modification of Music using a Subband Approach Based on the Bark Scale
(2003)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert
Time Scale Modification of Music using a Subband Approach Based on the Bark Scale
(2003)
Dorran, David; Lawlor, Robert
Abstract:
<p>Time-domain time-scaling algorithms are efficient in comparison to their frequency-domain counterparts, but they rely upon the existence of a quasi-periodic signal to produce a high quality output. This requirement makes them unsuitable for use on multi-pitched signals such as polyphonic music. However, time-domain techniques applied on a subband basis can resolve the multi-pitch problem. The authors propose an improved subband implementation based upon the bark scale for the time scale modification of music. The new subband approach is supported by psychoacoustic and music theory and subjectively through informal listening tests.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/argcon/20
Marked
Mark
Closed loop time domain gradient methods for parameter and time delay estimation
(1997)
Behan, M; Cahill, M; Carry, M.; Clausen, G; Dooley, V.; English, N.; Grainger, W.; O...
Closed loop time domain gradient methods for parameter and time delay estimation
(1997)
Behan, M; Cahill, M; Carry, M.; Clausen, G; Dooley, V.; English, N.; Grainger, W.; O'Connor, David; O'Dwyer, Aidan; Ringwood, John
Abstract:
<p>This paper discusses the estimation of process parameters and time delay, in a Smith predictor structure, using gradient algorithms in the time domain. A number of estimation algorithms are outlined and applied in simulation to the estimation of the parameters of an appropriate process model. An analytical exploration of the technique is also provided.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart/50
Marked
Mark
Discrete-time velocity-based multiple model networks
(2002)
Gao, Ruiyao; O'Dwyer, Aidan; McLoone, Seamus; Coyle, Eugene
Discrete-time velocity-based multiple model networks
(2002)
Gao, Ruiyao; O'Dwyer, Aidan; McLoone, Seamus; Coyle, Eugene
Abstract:
The velocity-based local model (LM) network is a novel modelling approach that overcomes the lack of interpretability associated with the conventional LM network technique. The global dynamics of the nonlinear network are directly related to the underlying sub-model dynamics. Thus, the velocity-based network is ideally suited to the development of local controller (LC) networks. Furthermore, the local models are continuous-time, velocity-based and linear, providing continuity with established linear theory. To date, research has focused on the continuous-time version of the velocity-based network. The application of digital computer is widely popular in the field of control and, therefore, this paper develops a discrete-time velocity-based multiple model representation. A complex nonlinear process, in the form of a simulated continuous stirred tank reactor, is used to examine the modelling capabilities of the proposed discrete-time technique.
http://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart/23
Marked
Mark
Robust controller design for time delay systems using H-infinity techniques
(1999)
Carr, Susan; O'Dwyer, Aidan
Robust controller design for time delay systems using H-infinity techniques
(1999)
Carr, Susan; O'Dwyer, Aidan
Abstract:
Using H-infinity control, the design problem is formulated in terms of user defined weighting polynomials on the process closed-loop sensitivity functions to achieve desired closed-loop performance and robust stability in the presence of process modelling error. In this paper stability conditions , in terms of the process sensitivity functions, are derived for processes containing a pure time delay for the following three design scenarios i) the time delay is neglected in the control design and is considered as part of the unmodelled process dynamics ii) A Pade approximation of the delay is included in the controller design and the effect of the residual time-delay modelling error on stability is considered iii) stability conditions for time delay mismatch using the Smith Predictor are derived.
http://arrow.dit.ie/engscheleart/22
Marked
Mark
Accelerated Entry Point Search Algorithm for Real Time Ray Tracing
(2009)
COLLINS, STEVEN; MANZKE, MICHAEL; FOWLER, COLIN
Accelerated Entry Point Search Algorithm for Real Time Ray Tracing
(2009)
COLLINS, STEVEN; MANZKE, MICHAEL; FOWLER, COLIN
Abstract:
Traversing an acceleration data structure, such as the Bounding Volume Hierarchy or kD-tree, takes a significant amount of the total time to render a frame in real-time ray tracing. We present a two phase algorithm based upon MLRTA for finding deep entry points in these tree acceleration data structures in order to speed up traversal. We compare this algorithm to a base MLRTA implementation. Our results indicate an across-the-board decrease in time to find the entry point and an increase in entry point depth. The overall performance of our real-time ray-tracing system shows an increase in frames per second of up to 36% over packet-tracing and 18% over MLRTA. The improvement is algorithmic and is therefore applicable to all architectures and implementations.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/27826
Marked
Mark
Impact of speed change on estimated journey time: Failure of drivers to appreciate relevance of initial speed
(2009)
GORMLEY, MICHAEL
Impact of speed change on estimated journey time: Failure of drivers to appreciate relevance of initial speed
(2009)
GORMLEY, MICHAEL
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
Higher speeds are associated with increases in the probability of crashing and the severity of the outcome. Logically drivers speed to save time, and research evidence supports this assertion. It is therefore important to investigate drivers’ understanding of how speed change impacts on journey time. Since it is likely that drivers do not appreciate the reciprocal nature of the function which links these two variables, and its implications, two predictions can be made: the impact of a speed change will be underestimated at low speeds and overestimated at high speeds. This issue was addressed through four questions generated by manipulating Speed Change (increase vs. decrease) and Starting Speed (30 mph vs. 60 mph) with the participants being asked how they felt these variables would impact on journey time. These were included in a large survey addressing speed related issues. Participants were a representative quota sample of 1,005 UK drivers, interviewed by questi...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/26479
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Providing Hard Real-Time Guarantees in Context-Aware Applications: Challenges and Requirements
(2005)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Providing Hard Real-Time Guarantees in Context-Aware Applications: Challenges and Requirements
(2005)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Abstract:
Context-aware applications rely on the ability to perceive the state of the surrounding environment. In this paper, we address a class of such applications where real-time guarantees are required on top of mobile ad hoc networks. While guaranteed timeliness is a critical requirement, the unpredictability of dynamic wireless networks adversely impacts such guarantees. Therefore, we identify the challenges and the requirements on different architectural levels in order to provide timeliness guarantees. None of the existing systems have succeeded in providing adequate solutions to all of the identified requirements. Therefore, we describe a crosslayer architecture that supports the development of real-time context-aware applications for wireless networks, in particular, ad hoc networks. This cross-layer architecture is based on three main components. (i) Sentient objects - mobile intelligent software agents that extract, interpret and use context information. (ii) Eventbased real-time ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/16439
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Design and Analysis of a General Recurrent Neural Network Model for Time-Varying Matrix Inversion
(2005)
Zhang, Yunong; Ge, Shuzhi Sam
Design and Analysis of a General Recurrent Neural Network Model for Time-Varying Matrix Inversion
(2005)
Zhang, Yunong; Ge, Shuzhi Sam
Abstract:
Following the idea of using first-order time derivatives, this paper presents a general recurrent neural network (RNN) model for online inversion of time-varying matrices. Different kinds of activation functions are investigated to guarantee the global exponential convergence of the neural model to the exact inverse of a given time-varying matrix. The robustness of the proposed neural model is also studied with respect to different activation functions and various implementation errors. Simulation results, including the application to kinematic control of redundant manipulators, substantiate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the efficacy of the neural model on time-varying matrix inversion, especially when using a power-sigmoid activation function.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/2278/
Marked
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Using a Time Timer(TM) to increase appropriate waiting behavior in a child with developmental disabilities.
(2009)
Hayes, Deirdre; Leader, Geraldine; Healy, Olive; Grey, Ian
Using a Time Timer(TM) to increase appropriate waiting behavior in a child with developmental disabilities.
(2009)
Hayes, Deirdre; Leader, Geraldine; Healy, Olive; Grey, Ian
Abstract:
This study aimed to examine the use of a predictive stimulus (Time TimerTM) and delayed reinforcement to increase appropriate waiting behavior in a child with developmental disabilities and problem behavior maintained by access to tangible items and activities. The study employed a changing criterion design across settings to gradually increase reinforcement delay from 1 second to 10 minutes. Firstly a baseline phase was conducted to measure the duration of appropriate waiting behaviour to access tangible reinforcers/activities. Phase 2 involved the use of a red cue card and the verbal instruction ¿wait¿. Phase 3 involved the introduction of the Time TimerTM with the cue card attached, and the verbal instruction ¿wait¿. Finally, Phase 4 utilised the Time TimerTM without the cue card. Results indicated that this was an effective strategy for increasing appropriate waiting behavior with this participant in a school setting. The role of adding a concurrent activity during the re...
http://hdl.handle.net/10379/134
Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 2850 on page 1 of 114
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