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'time' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 26 - 50 of 13393 on page 2 of 536
Marked
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Constructing Time-Frequency Dictionaries for Source Separation via Time-Frequency Masking and Source Localisation
(2004)
de Fréin, Ruairí; Rickard, Scott T.; Pearlmutter, Barak A.
Constructing Time-Frequency Dictionaries for Source Separation via Time-Frequency Masking and Source Localisation
(2004)
de Fréin, Ruairí; Rickard, Scott T.; Pearlmutter, Barak A.
Abstract:
We describe a new localisation and source separation algorithm which is based upon the accurate construction of time-frequency spatial signatures. We present a technique for constructing time-frequency spatial signatures with the required accuracy. This algorithm for multi-channel source separation and localisation allows arbitrary placement of microphones yet achieves good performance. We demonstrate the efficacy of the technique using source location estimates and compare estimated time-frequency masks with the ideal 0 dB mask.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8118/
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Frequency selection in paleoclimate time series: A model-based approach incorporating possible time uncertainty
(2018)
Franke, Peter M.; Huntley, Brian; Parnell, Andrew
Frequency selection in paleoclimate time series: A model-based approach incorporating possible time uncertainty
(2018)
Franke, Peter M.; Huntley, Brian; Parnell, Andrew
Abstract:
A key aspect of paleoclimate time series analysis is the identification of frequency behavior. Commonly, this is achieved by calculating a power spectrum and comparing this spectrum with that of a simplified model. Traditional hypothesis testing method can then be used to find statistically significant peaks that correspond to different frequencies. Complications occur when the data are multivariate or suffer from time uncertainty. In particular, the presence of joint uncertainties surrounding observations and their timing makes traditional hypothesis testing impractical. In this paper, we reexpress the frequency identification problem in the time domain as a variable selection model where each variable corresponds to a different frequency. We place this problem in a Bayesian framework that allows us to place shrinkage prior distributions on the weighting of each frequency, as well as include informative prior information through which we can take account of time uncertainty. We val...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13278/
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Analysis of Discrete-Time MIMO OFDM-Based Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation
(2018)
Rezazadehreyhani, Ahmad; Farhang, Arman; Ji, Mingyue; Chen, Rong Rong; Farhang-Boroujen...
Analysis of Discrete-Time MIMO OFDM-Based Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation
(2018)
Rezazadehreyhani, Ahmad; Farhang, Arman; Ji, Mingyue; Chen, Rong Rong; Farhang-Boroujeny, Behrouz
Abstract:
Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) is a novel modulation scheme designed in the Doppler-delay domain to fully exploit time and frequency diversity of general timevarying channels. In this paper, we present a novel discrete-time analysis of OFDM-based OTFS transceiver with a concise and vectorized input-output relationship that clearly characterizes the contribution of each underlying signal processing block in such systems. When adopting cyclic prefix in the time domain, our analysis reveals that the proposed MIMO OTFS and OFDM systems have the same ergodic capacity despite the well-known fact that the former has great advantages in low-complexity receiver design for high Doppler channels. The proposed discretetime vectorized formulation is applicable to general fast fading channels with arbitrary window functions. It also enables practical low-complexity receiver design for which such a concise formulation of the input-output relationship is of great benefits.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13427/
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Child Care Time, Parents' Well-Being, and Gender: Evidence from the American Time Use Survey
(2016)
Gracia, Pablo
Child Care Time, Parents' Well-Being, and Gender: Evidence from the American Time Use Survey
(2016)
Gracia, Pablo
Abstract:
This study used data from the ?Well Being Module? of the 2010 American Time Use Survey (N = 1699) to analyze how parents experience child care time in terms of meaning and stress levels. Multivariate multilevel regressions showed clear differences by gender and the circumstances of child care activities. Mothers experienced child care time as more stressful than fathers, and fathers as slightly more meaningful. Interactive child care was experienced as more meaningful and less stressful than routine child care, whereas these differences were stronger among fathers than among mothers. Mothers experienced child care with a minor child as highly meaningful, and with an adolescent as particularly stressful. Fathers experienced child care with an infant as highly stressful, and with an offspring in middle childhood as disproportionally meaningful. The spouse?s presence was moderately associated with higher senses of meaning and lower levels of stress during child care, but these differen...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93898
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Multiple-view time-frequency distribution based on the empirical mode decomposition
(2010)
Stevenson, Nathan J.; Mesbah, Mostefa; Boashash, Boualem
Multiple-view time-frequency distribution based on the empirical mode decomposition
(2010)
Stevenson, Nathan J.; Mesbah, Mostefa; Boashash, Boualem
Abstract:
This study proposes a novel, composite time-frequency distribution (TFD) constructed using a multiple-view approach. This composite TFD utilises the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to generate each view that are then combined using the arithmetic mean. This process has the potential to eliminate the inter-component interference generated by a quadratic TFD (QTFD), as the IMFs of the EMD are, in general, monocomponent signals. The formulation of the multiple-view TFD in the ambiguity domain results in faster computation, compared to a convolutive implementation in the time-frequency domain, and a more robust TFD in the presence of noise. The composite TFD, referred to as the EMD-TFD, was shown to generate a heuristically more accurate representation of the distribution of time-frequency energy in a signal. It was also shown to have performance comparable to the Wigner-Ville distribution when estimating the instantaneous frequency of multiple ...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/630
Marked
Mark
Ease: a real-time multitasking executive
(1996)
Doyle, David
Ease: a real-time multitasking executive
(1996)
Doyle, David
Abstract:
Ease the real time multitasking executive described m this thesis is designed for embedded systems with particular emphasis on DSP motor control applications. Ease provides an application software interface to the underlying hardware and encourages an object oriented programming approach which inherently enhances software integrity, maintainability and dependability in the potentially chaotic real time environment. Its focus is to tackle the undesirable aspects of real time programming and device dependent issues thereby allowing the application programmer to concentrate more on the application. The multitasking aspect of the executive means application tasks can be generated with ease which aids development, evolution or enhancement of an application. The multitasking aspect also facilitates tasks dedicated to on-line reconfiguration, error handling and fault correction or shutdown procedures. The software quality of a real time application running on the Ease platform is paid f...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18531/
Marked
Mark
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays
(1996)
O'Dwyer, Aidan
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays
(1996)
O'Dwyer, Aidan
Abstract:
The estimation and compensation of processes with time delays have been of interest to academics and practitioners for several decades. A full review of the literature for both model parameter and time delay estimation is presented. Gradient methods of parameter estimation, in open loop, in the time and frequency domains are subsequently considered in detail. Firstly, an algorithm is developed, using an appropriate gradient algorithm, for the estimation of all the parameters of an appropriate process model with time delay, in open loop, in the time domain. The convergence of the model parameters to the process parameters is considered analytically and in simulation. The estimation of the process parameters in the frequency domain is also addressed, with analytical procedures being defined to provide initial estimates of the model parameters, and a gradient algorithm being used to refine these estimates to attain the global minimum of the cost function that is optimised. The focus of...
http://doras.dcu.ie/19217/
Marked
Mark
Distributed optimization algorithm for discrete-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems with nonuniform stepsizes
(2019)
Mo, L.; Li, J.; Huang, Jian
Distributed optimization algorithm for discrete-time heterogeneous multi-agent systems with nonuniform stepsizes
(2019)
Mo, L.; Li, J.; Huang, Jian
Abstract:
This paper is devoted to the distributed optimization problem of heterogeneous multi-agent systems, where the communication topology is jointly strongly connected and the dynamics of each agent is the first-order or second-order integrator. A new distributed algorithm is first designed for each agent based on the local objective function and the local neighbors' information that each agent can access. By a model transformation, the original closed-loop system is converted into a time-varying system and the system matrix of which is a stochastic matrix at any time. Then, by the properties of the stochastic matrix, it is proven that all agents' position states can converge to the optimal solution of a team objective function provided the union communication topology is strongly connected. Finally, the simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the distributed algorithm proposed in this paper.
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/8623
Marked
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Learning from Time Series: Supervised Aggregative Feature Extraction
(2012)
Schirru, Andrea; Susto, Gian Antonio; Pampuri, Simone; McLoone, Sean F.
Learning from Time Series: Supervised Aggregative Feature Extraction
(2012)
Schirru, Andrea; Susto, Gian Antonio; Pampuri, Simone; McLoone, Sean F.
Abstract:
Many modeling problems require to estimate a scalar output from one or more time series. Such problems are usually tackled by extracting a fixed number of features from the time series (like their statistical moments), with a consequent loss in information that leads to suboptimal predictive models. Moreover, feature extraction techniques usually make assumptions that are not met by real world settings (e.g. uniformly sampled time series of constant length), and fail to deliver a thorough methodology to deal with noisy data. In this paper a methodology based on functional learning is proposed to overcome the aforementioned problems; the proposed Supervised Aggregative Feature Extraction (SAFE) approach allows to derive continuous, smooth estimates of time series data (yielding aggregate local information), while simultaneously estimating a continuous shape function yielding optimal predictions. The SAFE paradigm enjoys several properties like closed form solution, incorporation of f...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/4228/
Marked
Mark
Measurement of air exchange time in a mushroom tunnel
(1999)
Martin, D.P.; Ringwood, John; Grant, J.J.
Measurement of air exchange time in a mushroom tunnel
(1999)
Martin, D.P.; Ringwood, John; Grant, J.J.
Abstract:
The rate at which fresh air is introduced to a mushroom tunnel has a major impact on the climate in the tunnel. Control of this rate is by adjustment of the ventilation mixing flap setting within the air conditioning unit. The objective of this study was to determine the air exchange time in a standard mushroom tunnel as a function of the flap position. In combination with an understanding of tunnel air exchange efficiency, knowledge of the relation between air exchange time and flap position facilitates control of the tunnel climate, through the use of predictive control strategies. Measurement of the air exchange time was achieved by marking the air in the tunnel with a tracer gas (C02) and then recording its rate of decay in the tunnel. A range of mixing flap settings, from 0 to 90°, were used. Results showed that the effect of the flap angle on air exchange time may be characterised by a logarithmic relation. A wide variation in air exchange time exists for any one setting of th...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/9520/
Marked
Mark
An Efficient Phasiness Reduction Technique for Moderate Audio Time-scale Modification
(2004)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Bob
An Efficient Phasiness Reduction Technique for Moderate Audio Time-scale Modification
(2004)
Dorran, David; Coyle, Eugene; Lawlor, Bob
Abstract:
Phase vocoder approaches to timescale modification of audio introduce a reverberant/phasy artifact into the time-scaled output due to a loss in phase coherence between short-time Fourier transform (STFT) bins. Recent improvements to the phase vocoder have reduced the presence of this artifact, however, it remains a problem. A method of time-scaling is presented that results in a further reduction in phasiness, for moderate timescale factors, by taking advantage of some flexibility that exists in the choice of phase required so as to maintain horizontal phase coherence between related STFT bins. Furthermore, the approach leads to a reduction in computational load within the range of time-scaling factors for which phasi-ness is reduced.
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/8831/
Marked
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Nonlinear dynamic transformer time-domain identification for power converter applications
(2014)
Trong Vu, T.; O'Driscoll, S.; Ringwood, John
Nonlinear dynamic transformer time-domain identification for power converter applications
(2014)
Trong Vu, T.; O'Driscoll, S.; Ringwood, John
Abstract:
For flyback converter applications, an accurate model of the transformer is necessary for simulation studies, as well as a basis for model-based controller design. In general, trans- former modeling has either focused on the winding model, using frequency-domain methods, or on the nonlinear core model, using time-domain methods. Nonlinear modeling is confined to the time domain and certain difficulties have precluded the use of time- domain methods for winding model estimation, resulting in the lack of integrated modeling approaches. This paper focuses on identifying a complete nonlinear dynamic model of a 3-winding transformer using time-domain system identification approaches. Our study demonstrates a possible way to handle the difficulties of working in the time domain and provides a model at least as accurate as that obtained with the frequency response data. In ad- dition to the parameters of the Jiles–Atherton model, which is ...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/6800/
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Fuzzy Holes and Intangible Time: Time in a knowledge industry
(2008)
O'Carroll, Aileen
Fuzzy Holes and Intangible Time: Time in a knowledge industry
(2008)
O'Carroll, Aileen
Abstract:
The knowledge economy is characterized by highly skilled, highly educated employees whose work is centred on the manipulation of information. This article looks at the work process of workers in the software sector, as their work is both central to the knowledge economy and shares many of the characteristics of other knowledge workers. It describes the temporal frameworks found, grounding them in the work process. It documents specific characteristics of work and work organization that give rise to a time experienced as both intangible and fuzzy. It argues that there is a deep irony at the centre of the knowledge economy. On one hand, speed is the key metaphor of the knowledge economy. Yet the use of metaphors of speed and efficiency bypass any appreciation of the qualitative nature of time found within these work processes. Knowledge production is based on creativity, communication and knowledge development, processes that move at their own pace. These processes sit uncomfortably w...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13032/
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Mainstream and Margins: An exploration of the policy, practice and perspectives that have shapred part-time flexible learning in Irish Higher Education 2012-18
(2020)
Hunt, Nuala
Mainstream and Margins: An exploration of the policy, practice and perspectives that have shapred part-time flexible learning in Irish Higher Education 2012-18
(2020)
Hunt, Nuala
Abstract:
Part-time flexible learning in Irish higher education has not been embedded within mainstream policy and was of marginal interest to policy makers and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs?). This subject also received limited attention from Irish based researchers. In contrast, Irish Higher Education (HE) policy, research and funding focused on full-time mainstream traditional (ie 18-22 year olds) students. In this regard Irish HE was not unique as similarities can be found internationally. In Ireland there was a lack of growth in part-time numbers which was linked to the absence of free fees and the inability to access grants. In the aftermath of the banking crisis of 2008, there was renewed interest in part-time flexible HE. Another perspective emerged as the national strategy for HE was launched in 2011. From this perspective HE needed to reform in order to provide more flexible part-time programmes to cater for adults who wished to up-skill, reskill and participate in the la...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/92837
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Blockchain, what time is it? Trustless Datetime Synchronization for IoT
(2020)
Shanker, Shreejith; Regnath, Emanuel; Shivaraman, Nitin; Easwaran, Arvind; Steinhorst, ...
Blockchain, what time is it? Trustless Datetime Synchronization for IoT
(2020)
Shanker, Shreejith; Regnath, Emanuel; Shivaraman, Nitin; Easwaran, Arvind; Steinhorst, Sebastian
Abstract:
Time synchronization among IoT devices is a fundamental requirement for efficient and reliable communication on a global scale. Common synchronization schemes such as NTP operate on a trust-based client-server model, which does not scale well in a decentralized network because single server failures can lead to a severe downtime before re-establishing synchronization. Public blockchains such as Ethereum provide a trustless network and tamper-proof time-stamped data that is freely available. In this paper, we leverage the availability of time information in the block headers, which are very small (several hundreds of bytes) compared to the full blocks and can be validated without participation in the mining process. Our approach uses two estimators that are fed with the timestamps from block headers as well as the elapsed time between consecutive block receptions to estimate the true time to an accuracy of one second. We evaluate our approach by extensive validation on blockchain d...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/93745
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Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
(2019)
Daly, Michael; Hall, Peter; Allan, Julia L.
Time Perspective and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
(2019)
Daly, Michael; Hall, Peter; Allan, Julia L.
Abstract:
Background: Long-term future thinking has been associated with a range of favorable health behaviors. However, it is currently unclear whether this translates into an effect on morbidity and mortality. Purpose The goal of this study was to study the relationship between time perspective and all-cause mortality and to examine the role of health behavior in explaining this association. Methods: Participants (N = 9,949) aged 50 and over from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a representative cohort of older English adults, estimated the length of their time horizon for financial planning (time perspective). Two thousand ninety-two deaths were recorded over a 9-year follow-up period (2002/2003– 2012). Smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were examined as factors that may underlie the time perspective–mortality link. Results: Our prospective survival analyses showed that those who tend to plan for longer periods experienced a significantly reduced risk of all-cau...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13606/
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All screen and no play? A mixed methods approach to screen time in middle childhood.
(2019)
Dobutowitsch, Mira
All screen and no play? A mixed methods approach to screen time in middle childhood.
(2019)
Dobutowitsch, Mira
Abstract:
Children’s engagement with screens and digital devices at home is often associated with negative outcomes. However, there is increasing criticism that most claims of detrimental effects of screen time are not supported, that research in the area often lacks rigour in design, and fails to account for contextual factors. Furthermore, given the positive discourse around technology in educational settings, parents are faced with juxtaposed messages.Drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological framework (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006) and Gibson’s (1979) concept of affordances, the aim of the mixed methodsproject was to investigate the relationship between screen time and socio-emotional outcomes, as well as explore how parents navigatetheir children’s screen time. Secondary analyses of Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) data were conducted to explore children’s time use, and investigate the relationship between screen time and scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Pie...
http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/13825/
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Multiscaled cross-correlation dynamics in financial time series
(2009)
Conlon, Thomas; Ruskin, Heather J.; Crane, Martin
Multiscaled cross-correlation dynamics in financial time series
(2009)
Conlon, Thomas; Ruskin, Heather J.; Crane, Martin
Abstract:
The cross-correlation matrix between equities comprises multiple interactions between traders with varying strategies and time horizons. In this paper, we use the Maximum Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) to calculate correlation matrices over different time scales and then explore the eigenvalue spectrum over sliding time windows. The dynamics of the eigenvalue spectrum at different scales provides insight into the interactions between the numerous constituents involved. A study of the eigenvalue spectrum in its entirety provides further insight. On partitioning the eigenvalue time series, we show that negative index returns, (drawdowns), are associated with periods where the largest eigenvalue is greatest, while positive index returns, (drawups), are associated with periods where the largest eigenvalue is smallest. Furthermore, through the study of the small eigenvalues of the correlation matrix, we show that information about the correlation dynamics is visible at both ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/14915/
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Turning time from enemy into an ally using the Pomodoro technique
(2010)
Wang, Xiaofeng; Gobbo, Federico; Lane, Michael
Turning time from enemy into an ally using the Pomodoro technique
(2010)
Wang, Xiaofeng; Gobbo, Federico; Lane, Michael
Abstract:
Time is one of the most important factors dominating agile software development processes in distributed settings. Effective time management helps agile teams to plan and monitor the work to be performed, and create and maintain a fast yet sustainable pace. The Pomodoro Technique is one promising time management technique. Its application and adaptation in Sourcesense Milan Team surfaced various benefits, challenges and implications for distributed agile software development. Lessons learnt from the experiences of Sourcesense Milan Team can be useful for other distributed agile teams to turn time from enemy into an ally.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2229
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Providing Hard Real-Time Guarantees in Context-Aware Applications: Challenges and Requirements
(2005)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Providing Hard Real-Time Guarantees in Context-Aware Applications: Challenges and Requirements
(2005)
MEIER, RENE; CAHILL, VINNY
Abstract:
Context-aware applications rely on the ability to perceive the state of the surrounding environment. In this paper, we address a class of such applications where real-time guarantees are required on top of mobile ad hoc networks. While guaranteed timeliness is a critical requirement, the unpredictability of dynamic wireless networks adversely impacts such guarantees. Therefore, we identify the challenges and the requirements on different architectural levels in order to provide timeliness guarantees. None of the existing systems have succeeded in providing adequate solutions to all of the identified requirements. Therefore, we describe a crosslayer architecture that supports the development of real-time context-aware applications for wireless networks, in particular, ad hoc networks. This cross-layer architecture is based on three main components. (i) Sentient objects - mobile intelligent software agents that extract, interpret and use context information. (ii) Eventbased real-time ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/16439
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Accelerated Entry Point Search Algorithm for Real Time Ray Tracing
(2009)
COLLINS, STEVEN; MANZKE, MICHAEL; FOWLER, COLIN
Accelerated Entry Point Search Algorithm for Real Time Ray Tracing
(2009)
COLLINS, STEVEN; MANZKE, MICHAEL; FOWLER, COLIN
Abstract:
Traversing an acceleration data structure, such as the Bounding Volume Hierarchy or kD-tree, takes a significant amount of the total time to render a frame in real-time ray tracing. We present a two phase algorithm based upon MLRTA for finding deep entry points in these tree acceleration data structures in order to speed up traversal. We compare this algorithm to a base MLRTA implementation. Our results indicate an across-the-board decrease in time to find the entry point and an increase in entry point depth. The overall performance of our real-time ray-tracing system shows an increase in frames per second of up to 36% over packet-tracing and 18% over MLRTA. The improvement is algorithmic and is therefore applicable to all architectures and implementations.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/27826
Marked
Mark
Impact of speed change on estimated journey time: Failure of drivers to appreciate relevance of initial speed
(2009)
GORMLEY, MICHAEL
Impact of speed change on estimated journey time: Failure of drivers to appreciate relevance of initial speed
(2009)
GORMLEY, MICHAEL
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
Higher speeds are associated with increases in the probability of crashing and the severity of the outcome. Logically drivers speed to save time, and research evidence supports this assertion. It is therefore important to investigate drivers? understanding of how speed change impacts on journey time. Since it is likely that drivers do not appreciate the reciprocal nature of the function which links these two variables, and its implications, two predictions can be made: the impact of a speed change will be underestimated at low speeds and overestimated at high speeds. This issue was addressed through four questions generated by manipulating Speed Change (increase vs. decrease) and Starting Speed (30 mph vs. 60 mph) with the participants being asked how they felt these variables would impact on journey time. These were included in a large survey addressing speed related issues. Participants were a representative quota sample of 1,005 UK drivers, interviewed by questi...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/26479
Marked
Mark
Nonlinear Damage Identification in Fiber-reinforced Cracked Composite Beams through Time-space Wavelet Analysis
(2014)
BRODERICK, BRIAN; BASU, BISWAJIT
Nonlinear Damage Identification in Fiber-reinforced Cracked Composite Beams through Time-space Wavelet Analysis
(2014)
BRODERICK, BRIAN; BASU, BISWAJIT
Abstract:
It is well-known that wavelet analysis is, in the space domain, an efficient way to determinate the damage location (Pakrashi et al., 2007; Loutridis et al., 2004), while, in the time domain, it is an efficient tool to identify the system stiffness variation (Hou et al., 2000; Basu et al., 2008). Based on the idea of combining the information of the structural response in both space and time domains, a new time-space wavelet-based technique aimed at identifying the nonlinear behaviour of damage for SHM is presented. A FE model of a fiber-reinforced cantilever beam with a bridged crack is used to simulate the nonlinear static structural response. On the basis of particular conditions related to the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) of the beam deflection and of the features of the 4th order Coiflets wavelet, a linear relation between the values of the relative rotation due to the crack and the normalized wavelet coefficients at the crack position is ruled out. By analysing through C...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72138
Marked
Mark
Sodium-23 Magnetic Resonance Imaging has potential for improving penumbra detection but not for estimating stroke onset time
(2014)
Sodium-23 Magnetic Resonance Imaging has potential for improving penumbra detection but not for estimating stroke onset time
(2014)
Abstract:
Tissue sodium concentration increases in irreversibly damaged (core) tissue following ischemic stroke and can potentially help to differentiate the core from the adjacent hypoperfused but viable penumbra. To test this, multinuclear hydrogen-1/sodium-23 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure the changing sodium signal and hydrogen-apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the ischemic core and penumbra after rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Penumbra and core were defined from perfusion imaging and histologically defined irreversibly damaged tissue. The sodium signal in the core increased linearly with time, whereas the ADC rapidly decreased by >30% within 20?minutes of stroke onset, with very little change thereafter (0.5?6?hours after MCAO). Previous reports suggest that the time point at which tissue sodium signal starts to rise above normal (onset of elevated tissue sodium, OETS) represents stroke onset time (SOT). However, extrapolating core data back i...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/72440
Marked
Mark
Compile-time optimisation of store usage in lazy functional programs
(1993)
Hamilton, Geoff
Compile-time optimisation of store usage in lazy functional programs
(1993)
Hamilton, Geoff
Abstract:
Functional languages offer a number of advantages over their imperative counterparts. However, a substantial amount of the time spent on processing functional programs is due to the large amount of storage management which must be performed. Two apparent reasons for this are that the programmer is prevented from including explicit storage management operations in programs which have a purely functional semantics, and that more readable programs are often far from optimal in their use of storage. Correspondingly, two alternative approaches to the optimisation of store usage at compile-time are presented in this thesis. The first approach is called compile-time garbage collection. This approach involves determining at compile-time which cells are no longer required for the evaluation of a program, and making these cells available for further use. This overcomes the problem of a programmer not being able to indicate explicitly that a store cell can be made available for further use. Th...
http://doras.dcu.ie/21140/
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