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Current Search:
'biology' in all fields;
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Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 614 on page 1 of 25
Marked
Mark
A Plea for More Theory in Molecular Biology
(2006)
Wolkenhauer, O.; Mesarovic, M.; Wellstead, P.
A Plea for More Theory in Molecular Biology
(2006)
Wolkenhauer, O.; Mesarovic, M.; Wellstead, P.
Abstract:
The integrationist principles of systems theory have proven hugely successful in the physical sciences and engineering. It is an underlying assumption made in the systems approach to biology that they can also be used to understand biological phenomena at the level of an entire organism or organ. Within this holistic vision, the vastmajority of systems biology research projects investigate phenomena at the level of the cell, with the belief that unifying principles established at the most basic level can establish a framework within which we may understand phenomena at higher levels of organization. In this spirit, and to use a celestial analogy, if a disease effecting an organ or entire body is our universe of discourse, then the cell is the star we gaze at. In building an understanding of disease and the effect of drugs, systems biology makes an implicit assumption about direct causal entailment between cell function and physiology. A skeptic might argue that this is about the sam...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/943/
Marked
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Relating cross Gramians and sensitivity analysis in systems biology.
(2006)
Streif, Stefan; Findeisen, Rolf; Bullinger, Eric
Relating cross Gramians and sensitivity analysis in systems biology.
(2006)
Streif, Stefan; Findeisen, Rolf; Bullinger, Eric
Abstract:
One of the key challenges in systems biology is the analysis of often complex biochemical reacation networks which contain many uncertain parameters. Typically, the dynamics of these systems strongly depends on a significant amount of parameters, hampering the analysis significantly as even the small changes in the value of the parameters can have significant influences on the overall behaviour of the entire network. Thus one of the key problems in systems biology is to analyse the influence of parameters on the steady state and transient behaviour. In the first part of this work we derive links between first order sensitivity analysis as typically employed in systems biology and the concepts of controllability and observability of systems theory. Specifically we establish a close connection between cross Gramians and the so called response coefficients as used in Metabolic Control Analysis. In a second part we outline an expansion of this approach using empirical cross Gramians...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1768/
Marked
Mark
Graph Theory and Networks in Biology
(2007)
Mason, Oliver; Verwoerd, Mark
Graph Theory and Networks in Biology
(2007)
Mason, Oliver; Verwoerd, Mark
Abstract:
In this paper, we present a survey of the use of graph theoretical techniques in Biology. In particular, we discuss recent work on identifying and modelling the structure of bio-molecular networks, as well as the application of centrality measures to interaction networks and research on the hierarchical structure of such networks and network motifs. Work on the link between structural network properties and dynamics is also described, with emphasis on synchronization and disease propagation.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1885/
Marked
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Biology and Behaviour
(2005)
Griffin, C.T.; Boemare, N.E.; Lewis, E.E.
Biology and Behaviour
(2005)
Griffin, C.T.; Boemare, N.E.; Lewis, E.E.
Abstract:
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are lethal pathogens of insects. These pathogens contribute to the regulation of natural populations of insects, but the main interest in them is as an inundatively applied biocontrol agent. Their success in this role can be attributed to the unique partnership between a host-seeking nematode and a lethal insect-pathogenic bacterium. Because of their biocontrol potential, considerable attention has been directed over the past few decades to Heterorhabditis and Steinernema and their respective bacterial partners, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/735/
Marked
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Advances in the biology, diagnosis and host-pathogen interactions of parvovirus B19
(2004)
Doyle, Dr. Sean; Corcoran, Dr. Amanda
Advances in the biology, diagnosis and host-pathogen interactions of parvovirus B19
(2004)
Doyle, Dr. Sean; Corcoran, Dr. Amanda
Abstract:
Increased recognition of parvovirus B19(B19), an erythrovirus, as a significant human pathogen that causes fetal loss and severe disease in immunocompromised patients has resulted in intensive efforts to understand the pathogenesis of B19-related disease, to improve diagnostic strategy that is deployed to detect B19 infection and blood-product contamination and, finally, to elucidate the nature of the cellular immune response that is elicited by the virus in diverse patient cohorts. It is becoming clear that at least three related erythrovirus strains (B19, A6/K71 and V9) are circulating in the general population and that viral entry into target cells is mediated by an expanding range of cellular receptors, including P antigen and -integrins. Persistent infection by B19 is emerging as a contributory factor in autoimmune disease, a hypothesis that is constrained by the detection of B19 in the skin of apparently healthy individuals. B19 infection during pregnancy may account for thous...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/163/
Marked
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Evidence of Positively Selected Sites in Mammalian a-Defensins
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Lloyd, Andrew T.; Fares, Mario A.; O'Farrelly, Cliona
Evidence of Positively Selected Sites in Mammalian a-Defensins
(2004)
Lynn, David J.; Lloyd, Andrew T.; Fares, Mario A.; O'Farrelly, Cliona
Abstract:
Defensins are a family of mammalian antimicrobial peptides that exhibit variable activity against a panel of microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. We have employed a maximum-likelihood approach to detect evidence of positive selection (adaptive evolution) in the evolution of these important molecules of the innate immune response. We have identified 14 amino acid sites that are predicted to be subject to positive selection. Furthermore, we show that all these sites are located in the mature antimicrobial peptide and not in the prepropeptide region of the molecule, implying that they are of functional importance. These results suggest that mammalian a-defensins have been under selective pressure to evolve in response to potentially infectious challenges by fast-evolving microbes.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/320/
Marked
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Reproductive biology of the invasive exotic shrub, Rhododendron ponticum L. (Ericaceae)
(2007)
STOUT, JANE CATHERINE
Reproductive biology of the invasive exotic shrub, Rhododendron ponticum L. (Ericaceae)
(2007)
STOUT, JANE CATHERINE
Abstract:
The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com
The reproductive biology of an exotic species will affect its ability to become naturalized and invasive in non-native habitats. Rhododendron ponticum is an ecologically damaging exotic weed in the British Isles, which spreads predominantly by seed. I investigated how inbreeding and outcrossing affect seed production and germination in a wild population of this species in Ireland. Experimental manipulations revealed low fruit and seed set when insects were excluded from flowers, suggesting that this species has limited capability for spontaneous autogamy. Hand-pollination treatments showed that, although flowers are self-compatible (with self and same plant pollen), higher levels of seed set occur following outcrossing (xenogamy). There was no significant difference in rate of germination of seeds from inbred or outcrossed treatments. The addition of xenogamous pollen to open flowers did not increase fruit or seed ...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/24279
Marked
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Genetic tools for investigating the biology of commensal lactobacilli
(2009)
Fang, Fang; O'Toole, Paul W.
Genetic tools for investigating the biology of commensal lactobacilli
(2009)
Fang, Fang; O'Toole, Paul W.
Abstract:
Science Foundation Ireland (Centre for Science, Engineering and Technology)
Accepted Version
Lactobacilli belong to the genus Lactobacillus, the largest genus among the lactic acid bacteria (LAB). They are abundant in plant material and food resources, or they may inhabit niches in or on the bodies of humans and animals, as commensals. Lactobacilli of food origin are commercially important in the production of dairy products, fermented meats, vegetables, and sourdough, and many of their properties have been well studied. Commensal lactobacilli are good candidates for development as probiotics. In recent years, the general biology and host interaction mechanisms of commensal lactobacilli have attracted great interest. Although the metabolic pathways, predicted gene functions, and some phenotypic traits, of commensal lactobacilli can be inferred or deduced to an extent by the growing number of Lactobacillus genome sequencing project, various genetic tools are still required to...
http://hdl.handle.net/10468/112
Marked
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Bernal and the genesis of structural biology.
(2007)
CAFFREY, MARTIN
Bernal and the genesis of structural biology.
(2007)
CAFFREY, MARTIN
Abstract:
I was invited to participate in this Symposium a month or so before the event. At that time however, I knew little about J D Bernal. I vaguely remembered a brief conversation on the topic over a decade ago with Professor Vittorio Luzzati as we ambled around the gardens at the Palace of Varsailles. Vittorio likely knew Bernal through his friend Rosalind Franklin who worked with Bernal at Birbeck College. But beyond that I knew nothing about the man or his science. And so it was most fortunate that Andrew Brown’s book J D Bernal: The Sage of Science [1] appeared in 2005 and I was able to call on it. Indeed, much of the material included in this chapter is based on that source and on Dorothy Hodgkin’s biographic memoir of J D Bernal [2], her postgraduate supervisor. Given that this chapter is to be published in a Physics journal I thought it appropriate to provide some background to the theme of my presentation, structural biology. Accordingly, I will begin with an introduction to prot...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/50462
Marked
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The Role of Control and System Theory in Systems Biology
(2007)
Wellstead, Peter
The Role of Control and System Theory in Systems Biology
(2007)
Wellstead, Peter
Abstract:
The use of new technology and mathematics to study the systems of nature is one of the most significant scientific trends of the century. Driven by the need for more precise scientific understand, advances in automated measurement are providing rich new sources of biological and physiological data. This data provides information with which to create mathematical models of increasing sophistication and realism - models that can emulate the performance of biological and physiological systems with sufficient accuracy to advance our understanding of living systems and disease mechanisms. New measurement and modelling methods set the stage for control and systems theory to play their role in seeking out the mechanisms and principles that regulate life. It is of inestimable importance for the future of control as a discipline that this role is performed in the correct manner. If we handle the area wisely then living systems will present a seemly boundless range of important new problems -...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/3647/
Marked
Mark
Eliciting audio evoked potentials using continuous stimuli
(2007)
LALOR, EDMUND; REILLY, RICHARD
Eliciting audio evoked potentials using continuous stimuli
(2007)
LALOR, EDMUND; REILLY, RICHARD
Abstract:
peer-reviewed
Noise input signals are commonly used in both linear and non-linear system identification of physiological systems. This method can be applied to electrophysiological analysis of the human auditory system by controlling the modulation of the amplitude of a sound stimulus using a pre- computed noise signal. In this study we describe how one can obtain an estimate of the linear response of the auditory system using noise signals and we compare it to a standard auditory evoked potential (AEP). Two different noise modulated sounds are tested, broadband noise (BBN) and a 2kHz tone. Results show that the BBN is better at eliciting notable responses. Results also show that although the SNR of the proposed response to the modulated BBN is generally lower than the standard AEP the two responses do correlate well suggesting that the spread spectrum stimulus is a valid method for elicitation of an AEP.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/17641
Marked
Mark
Gene expression analysis in breast cancer
(2010)
Mehta, Jai Prakash
Gene expression analysis in breast cancer
(2010)
Mehta, Jai Prakash
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among females, both in incidence and death. As meaningful biological understanding of the disease is confounded by the existence of various molecular groups and sub-groups, the challenge for targeted drug development may lie in understanding the molecular mechanisms of various sub-groups in breast cancer. An in-house breast cancer gene expression dataset comprising 17 normal and 104 tumour samples was analysed to identify important genes and pathways relevant to various clinical parameters. Our results identified groups of patients with similar expression profiles, the possible biology driving them and the clinical implications. Comparing Normal and Cancer specimens’ gene expression profiles, TP53, along with cell cycle genes, were up-regulated in cancer samples. Embryonic stem cell pathway genes were up-regulated, while fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were down-regulated in tumors vs normal. The cancer specimens largely clustered...
http://doras.dcu.ie/15050/
Marked
Mark
Results Towards Identifiability Properties of Biochemical Reaction Networks.
(2006)
Farina, Marcello; Findeisen, Rolf; Bullinger, Eric; Bittanti, Sergio; Allgöwer, Frank; ...
Results Towards Identifiability Properties of Biochemical Reaction Networks.
(2006)
Farina, Marcello; Findeisen, Rolf; Bullinger, Eric; Bittanti, Sergio; Allgöwer, Frank; Wellstead, Peter
Abstract:
In this paper we consider the question of parameter identifiability for biochemical reaction networks, as typically encountered in systems biology. Specifically, we are interested in deriving conditions on the biochemical reaction network and on the measured outputs that guarantee identifiability of the parameters. Taking the specific system structure of biochemical reaction networks into account, we derive sufficient conditions for local parameter identifiability based on a suitable system expansion which does not anymore directly depend on the parameters. Rather, as shown, the problem of identifiability can be recast as the question of observability of the (parameter free) expanded system. The conditions derived are exemplified considering a simple example.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1777/
Marked
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Historical perspectives (Apoptosis)
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Historical perspectives (Apoptosis)
(2003)
Curtin, James; Cotter, Thomas
Abstract:
Apoptosis is one of the most widely studied fields in biology and accounts for over 2% of all life science publications annually. It plays a fundamental role in development, and defects in the regulation of apoptosis are directly implicated in numerous well-known diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, tissue atrophy and auto-immune diseases. However, the field of apoptosis has humble beginnings and was neglected by biologists for much of its history. This chapter reviews the history of research in apoptosis and highlights key experiments that have contributed significantly to our current understanding of apoptosis. In addition, the topics covered in later chapters are briefly introduced.
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/34
Marked
Mark
New insights into bile acid amidation
(2005)
Hunt, Mary; O'Shea, Eithne; Solaas, Karianne; Kase, Bengt; Alexson, Stefan
New insights into bile acid amidation
(2005)
Hunt, Mary; O'Shea, Eithne; Solaas, Karianne; Kase, Bengt; Alexson, Stefan
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschbioart/48
Marked
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Configurable and Up-Scalable Microfluidic Life Science Platform for Cell Based Assays by Gravity Driven Sequential Perfusion and Diffusion
(2010)
Dimov, Ivan Krastev
Configurable and Up-Scalable Microfluidic Life Science Platform for Cell Based Assays by Gravity Driven Sequential Perfusion and Diffusion
(2010)
Dimov, Ivan Krastev
Abstract:
Microfluidics has the potential to significantly change the way modern biology is performed, but for this potential to be realized several on-chip integration and operation challenges have to be addressed. Critical issues are addressed in this work by first demonstrating an integrated microfluidic tmRNA purification and real time nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) device. The device is manufactured using soft lithography and a unique silica bead immobilization method for the nucleic acid micro purification column. The integrated device produced a pathogen-specific response in < 3 min from the chip-purified RNA. Further enhancements in the device design and operation that allow the on-chip integration of mammalian cell handling and culturing produced a novel integrated NASBA array. This system demonstrated for the first time that it is possible to combine on a single micro-device cell culture and real time NASBA. In order to expand the cell based assay capabilities ...
http://doras.dcu.ie/15334/
Marked
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How do I enhance motivation to learn and higher order cognition among students of Science through the use of a virtual learning environment?
(2010)
McMahon, Mary
How do I enhance motivation to learn and higher order cognition among students of Science through the use of a virtual learning environment?
(2010)
McMahon, Mary
Abstract:
In this paper I explore the capacity of Moodle to enhance the teaching and learning of Leaving Certificate Biology within a small urban secondary school. I simultaneously investigate the potential of the technology to enhance higher-order cognition and motivation to learn among the students. Adopting an action research approach has led me to a much deeper understanding of the tacit knowledge that inspires my work. The chief stimulus to my research was the realisation that my explicit practice was in negation of my implicit values. I have come to know my practice and over time changed it. I can now see evidence of a greater congruence between my espoused core educational values and my explicit actions. Cycle one of the research focuses on setting up and introducing Moodle to a group of Biology students. The second cycle shows the feasibility of a community of enquiry through a discussion-forum. A process of social validation runs concurrently, in which interested individuals substant...
http://doras.dcu.ie/16347/
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Psychological and biological foundations of time preference : evidence from a day reconstruction study with biological tracking
(2008)
Delaney, Liam; Daly, Michael; Harmon, Colm
Psychological and biological foundations of time preference : evidence from a day reconstruction study with biological tracking
(2008)
Delaney, Liam; Daly, Michael; Harmon, Colm
Abstract:
This paper considers the relationship between the economic concept of time preference and relevant concepts from psychology and biology. Using novel data from a time diary study conducted in Ireland that combined detailed psychometric testing with medical testing and real time bio-tracking, we examine the distribution of a number of psychometric measures linked to the economic concept of time preferences and test the extent to which these measures form coherent clusters and the degree to which these clusters are related to underlying biological substrates. The paper finds that financial discounting is related to a range of psychological variables including consideration of future consequences, self-control, conscientiousness, extraversion, and experiential avoidance as well as being predicted by heart rate variability and blood pressure.
http://hdl.handle.net/10197/593
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Transition from Natively Unfolded to Folded State Induced by Desiccation in an Anhydrobiotic Nematode Protein
(2003)
Goyal, Kshamata; Tisi, Laurence; Basran, Amrik; Browne, John; Burnell, Ann; Zurdo, Jesu...
Transition from Natively Unfolded to Folded State Induced by Desiccation in an Anhydrobiotic Nematode Protein
(2003)
Goyal, Kshamata; Tisi, Laurence; Basran, Amrik; Browne, John; Burnell, Ann; Zurdo, Jesus; Tunnacliffe, Alan
Abstract:
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are associated with desiccation tolerance in resurrection plants and in plant seeds, and the recent discovery of a dehydration- induced Group 3 LEA-like gene in the nematode Aphelenchus avenae suggests a similar association in anhydrobiotic animals. Despite their importance, little is known about the structure of Group 3 LEA proteins, although computer modeling and secondary structure algorithms predict a largely -helical monomer that forms coiled coil oligomers. We have therefore investigated the structure of the nematode protein, AavLEA1, in the first such analysis of a well characterized Group 3 LEA-like protein. Immunoblotting and subunit cross-linking experiments demonstrate limited oligomerization of AavLEA1, but analytical ultracentrifugation and gel filtration show that the vast majority of the protein is monomeric. Moreover, CD, fluorescence emission, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy indicate an unstructured conformation...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/172/
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Multiple lineage specific expansions within the guanylyl cyclase gene family
(2006)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; O'Halloran, Damien M.; Burnell, Ann M.
Multiple lineage specific expansions within the guanylyl cyclase gene family
(2006)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; O'Halloran, Damien M.; Burnell, Ann M.
Abstract:
Background: Guanylyl cyclases (GCs) are responsible for the production of the secondary messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which plays important roles in a variety of physiological responses such as vision, olfaction, muscle contraction, homeostatic regulation, cardiovascular and nervous function. There are two types of GCs in animals, soluble (sGCs) which are found ubiquitously in cell cytoplasm, and receptor (rGC) forms which span cell membranes. The complete genomes of several vertebrate and invertebrate species are now available. These data provide a platform to investigate the evolution of GCs across a diverse range of animal phyla. Results: In this analysis we located GC genes from a broad spectrum of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and reconstructed molecular phylogenies for both sGC and rGC proteins. The most notable features of the resulting phylogenies are the number of lineage specific rGC and sGC expansions that have occurred during metazoan evolution. Among t...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1465/
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A fungal phylogeny based on 42 complete genomes derived from supertree and combined gene analysis
(2006)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; Logue, Mary E.; Stajich, Jason E. ; Butler, Geraldine
A fungal phylogeny based on 42 complete genomes derived from supertree and combined gene analysis
(2006)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; Logue, Mary E.; Stajich, Jason E. ; Butler, Geraldine
Abstract:
Background To date, most fungal phylogenies have been derived from single gene comparisons, or from concatenated alignments of a small number of genes. The increase in fungal genome sequencing presents an opportunity to reconstruct evolutionary events using entire genomes. As a tool for future comparative, phylogenomic and phylogenetic studies, we used both supertrees and concatenated alignments to infer relationships between 42 species of fungi for which complete genome sequences are available. Results A dataset of 345,829 genes was extracted from 42 publicly available fungal genomes. Supertree methods were employed to derive phylogenies from 4,805 single gene families. We found that the average consensus supertree method may suffer from long-branch attraction artifacts, while matrix representation with parsimony (MRP) appears to be immune from these. A genome phylogeny was also reconstructed from a concatenated alignment of 153 universally distributed orthologs. Our MRP supertree ...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1464/
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Evidence of recent interkingdom horizontal gene transfer between bacteria and Candida parapsilosis
(2008)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; Logue, Mary E.; Butler, Geraldine
Evidence of recent interkingdom horizontal gene transfer between bacteria and Candida parapsilosis
(2008)
Fitzpatrick, David A.; Logue, Mary E.; Butler, Geraldine
Abstract:
Background: To date very few incidences of interdomain gene transfer into fungi have been identified. Here, we used the emerging genome sequences of Candida albicans WO-1, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia guilliermondii, and Lodderomyces elongisporus to identify recent interdomain HGT events. We refer to these as CTG species because they translate the CTG codon as serine rather than leucine, and share a recent common ancestor. Results: Phylogenetic and syntenic information infer that two C. parapsilosis genes originate from bacterial sources. One encodes a putative proline racemase (PR). Phylogenetic analysis also infers that there were independent transfers of bacterial PR enzymes into members of the Pezizomycotina, and protists. The second HGT gene in C. parapsilosis belongs to the phenazine F (PhzF) superfamily. Most CTG species also contain a fungal PhzF homolog. Our phylogeny suggests that the CTG homolog originated from an ancient HGT eve...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/1463/
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The anhydrobiotic potential and molecular phylogenetics of species and strains of Panagrolaimus (Nematoda, Panagrolaimidae)
(2005)
Shannon, Adam J.; Browne, John A.; Boyd, Jacqueline; Fitzpatrick, David A.; Burnell, An...
The anhydrobiotic potential and molecular phylogenetics of species and strains of Panagrolaimus (Nematoda, Panagrolaimidae)
(2005)
Shannon, Adam J.; Browne, John A.; Boyd, Jacqueline; Fitzpatrick, David A.; Burnell, Ann M.
Abstract:
Members of the genus Panagrolaimus are bacterialfeeding nematodes that occupy a diversity of niches ranging from Antarctic and temperate soils to terrestrial mosses. Some members of this genus are able to survive extreme desiccation by entering into a state of suspended animation known as anhydrobiosis. We have assembled a collection of Panagrolaimus species and strains and have investigated their anhydrobiotic phenotypes. Our data show that within the genus Panagrolaimus there is a continuum of strains ranging from those unable to survive exposure to low relative humidity (RH) without prior preconditioning at high RH (slow desiccation strategists), through strains that have limited ability to survive rapid desiccation but whose anhydrobiotic ability improves upon preconditioning, to strains such as P. superbus that can readily survive immediate exposure to severe desiccation (fast desiccation strategists). Using this panel of nematodes we investigated the effect of preincubation at...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/517/
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Heterorhabditis, Steinernema and their bacterial symbionts - lethal pathogens of insects
(2000)
Burnell, Ann M.; Stock, S. Patricia
Heterorhabditis, Steinernema and their bacterial symbionts - lethal pathogens of insects
(2000)
Burnell, Ann M.; Stock, S. Patricia
Abstract:
The entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Heterorhabditis and Steinernema together with their symbiont bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively, are obligate and lethal parasites of insects. EPN can provide effective biological control of some important lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran pests of commercial crops and they are amenable to large-scale culture in liquid fermentors. They are unique among rhabditids in having a symbiotic relationshipwith an enteric bacterium species. The bacterial symbiont is required to kill the insect host and to digest the host tissues, thereby providing suitable nutrient conditions for nematode growth and development. This review describes the general biology of EPN and their symbionts and gives an overview of studies to date on EPN biodiversity, biogeography and phylogeny. The impetus for research in EPN and their symbionts has come about because of their biological control potential, with much of the focus in EPN research having been on a...
http://eprints.nuim.ie/177/
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Identification, cloning, and functional expression of three glutathione transferase genes from Aspergillus fumigatus
(2005)
Burns, Claire; Geraghty, Rachel; Neville, Claire; Murphy, Alan; Kavanagh, Kevin; Doyle,...
Identification, cloning, and functional expression of three glutathione transferase genes from Aspergillus fumigatus
(2005)
Burns, Claire; Geraghty, Rachel; Neville, Claire; Murphy, Alan; Kavanagh, Kevin; Doyle, Sean
Abstract:
Analysis of the genome of the human pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus, revealed the presence of several putative glutathione transferase (GST) open reading frames. Three A. fumigatus GST genes, termed gstA, B, and C, were cloned and recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli. Functional analysis of recombinant gstA–C conWrms that the enzymes exhibit GST activity and glutathione peroxidase activity. RT-PCR conWrmed low basal expression of gstA and gstC which was markedly up-regulated (at least 4£– 10£) in the presence of either H2O2 or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). GstB expression was only observed in the presence of CDNB. These results demonstrate for the Wrst time the existence of three functional GSTs in A. fumigatus and strongly suggest a role for these enzymes in the response of the organism to both oxidative stress and xenobiotic presence.
http://eprints.nuim.ie/230/
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