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Ag Taispeaint Torthaí 1 - 25 de 3195 ar leathanach 1 de 128
Marcáilte
Marcáil
A Phenomenographic Study of Introductory Physics Students: Approaches to Problem Solving and Conceptualisation of Knowledge.
(2009)
Walsh, Laura
A Phenomenographic Study of Introductory Physics Students: Approaches to Problem Solving and Conceptualisation of Knowledge.
(2009)
Walsh, Laura
Achomaireacht:
<p>This phenomenographic study presents a description of the approaches to problem solving and conceptualisation of physics knowledge of introductory physics students, specifically in the context of the Irish higher education system. Much research has been carried out that has shown that physics students are not developing the conceptual knowledge necessary to become adept problem-solvers. This may be due to the traditional physics education assumption that students will develop an understanding of the conceptual nature of physics by repetitively solving quantitative problems. However, research has shown that this is not the case and that education and the curriculum needs to explicitly reflect the qualitative and quantitative nature of physics. This empirical study was conducted using phenomenographic assumptions and methodology to collect, analyse and interpret data from forty two individual semistructured interviews with introductory physics students. This study presents a ...
http://arrow.dit.ie/sciendoc/61
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Teaching introductory thermal physics through problem based learning
(2005)
Tracey, Rebecca
Teaching introductory thermal physics through problem based learning
(2005)
Tracey, Rebecca
Achomaireacht:
The development and delivery of an introductory thermal physics module taught through Problem Based Learning (PBL) in a lecture-based curriculum is reported on. The development and implementation of the module is illustrated through discussion of the problems and students responses. The PBL methodology is compared with traditional lecture style teaching and the educational theories that the methodologies stem from are discussed. Examples of how PBL has been used to teach physics, along with the assessment of the thermal physics module are used to appraise some of the benefits of PBL, particularly increased student motivation, development of effective groupwork skills and increased understanding, in light of students’ development. The impact of PBL on students’ learning is demonstrated through examples of their thinking and analysis of pre and posts test results with those reported in literature. The differences between the approach of Science Education students and Physics student...
http://doras.dcu.ie/18247/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
An investigation of Introductory Physics Students’ Approaches to Problem Solving
(2007)
Walsh, Laura; Howard, Robert; Bowe, Brian
An investigation of Introductory Physics Students’ Approaches to Problem Solving
(2007)
Walsh, Laura; Howard, Robert; Bowe, Brian
Achomaireacht:
<p>This paper outlines ongoing research investigating students’ approaches to quantitative and qualitative problem solving in physics. This is an empirical study, which was conducted using a phenomenographic approach to analyse and interpret data from individual semi-structured interviews with students from introductory physics courses. The result of the study thus far is a preliminary set of hierarchical categories that describe the students’ problem-solving approaches when faced with various physics problems. The findings from the research presented here indicate that many introductory students in higher education do not approach problem solving in a strategic manner and many do not try to link or use their physics knowledge in order to solve problems.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschphyart/1
Marcáilte
Marcáil
A Phenomenographic Study of Introductory Physics Students: Approaches to their Learning and Perceptions of their Learning Environment in a Physics Problem-Based Learning Environment
(2010)
Irving, Paul
A Phenomenographic Study of Introductory Physics Students: Approaches to their Learning and Perceptions of their Learning Environment in a Physics Problem-Based Learning Environment
(2010)
Irving, Paul
Achomaireacht:
<p>This phenomenographic study describes students’ approaches to learning and their perceptions of the learning environment in an introductory physics course which is taught using a problem-based learning approach. This research builds on previous studies which showed that these students develop a greater conceptual knowledge than their counterparts in a more traditional learning environment while others showed very little development even though they engaged fully with the pedagogy. This study aimed to examine and describe the students’ approaches to learning. The definitions of surface, strategic and deep approaches to learning are not appropriate in this context and could not be applied as all students engage fully in the collaborative problem-solving process, albeit in different ways, and hence displayed none of the characteristics of the traditional surface approach and many, if not all, of those associated with the deep approach. Many previous research studies have shown...
http://arrow.dit.ie/sciendoc/96
Marcáilte
Marcáil
The design and implementation of a peer learning programme in physics utilising undergraduate peer leaders: an in-depth investigation into the effect of participation and the experience of the peer leaders
(2010)
The design and implementation of a peer learning programme in physics utilising undergraduate peer leaders: an in-depth investigation into the effect of participation and the experience of the peer leaders
(2010)
Achomaireacht:
Physics Education Research (PER) has shown that students leave the physics classroom holding the same misconceptions about physics they had when they entered. PER has demonstrated that these misconceptions are often deeply held and are difficult to change. The literature indicates that Peer Learning has advantages compared with traditional methods in producing conceptual change and that there are a number of potential benefits for utilising undergraduates as Peer Leaders in Peer Learning programmes. Gartner, Kohler, and Riessman (1971) summarised a number of beneficial cognitive processes that occur when Peer Leaders prepare for Peer Learning sessions. It is believed that in reviewing, organising and teaching the material, they may gain a better understanding of the subject. However, little or no literature exists on the effect participation has on Peer Leaders or their experience of a Peer Learning programme. In particular, few studies determining the effect of participation o...
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/426
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Exploring Technology Enhanced Instruction and Assessment in the Advanced Physics Laboratory
(2015)
Meade, Aidan; Mac Raighne, Aaron; Gregan, Elizabeth; Naydenova, Izabela; Pedreschi, Fra...
Exploring Technology Enhanced Instruction and Assessment in the Advanced Physics Laboratory
(2015)
Meade, Aidan; Mac Raighne, Aaron; Gregan, Elizabeth; Naydenova, Izabela; Pedreschi, Francis
Achomaireacht:
<p>The development of a strategic, thoughtful and reflective approach to the undertaking of experimental work is key to the development of physicists and physical scientists. This project undertook to remodel senior physics laboratories to adapt to changing skillsets required in the workplace and to instil the graduate attributes necessary for flexible employment in physics and related disciplines. The objective of this project was to foster an enquiry-based model that has been shown both to help engage the students with their subject and develop habits of experimental approach appropriate to physical scientists. The project used e-assessment methods and electronic documentation of student experimental planning, reflection and data recording, while adjusting laboratory instructions and resources. These adjustments included minimising experimental procedures such that this created a less restrictive and more free-form experimental experience, challenging the students to plan pr...
http://arrow.dit.ie/fellow/47
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Probing university students’ understanding of electromotive force in electricity
(2014)
Garzon, Isabel; De Cock, Mieke; Zuza, Kristina; van Kampen, Paul; Guisasola, Jenaro
Probing university students’ understanding of electromotive force in electricity
(2014)
Garzon, Isabel; De Cock, Mieke; Zuza, Kristina; van Kampen, Paul; Guisasola, Jenaro
Achomaireacht:
The goal of this study is to identify students’ difficulties with learning the concepts of electromotive force (emf) and potential difference in the context of transitory currents and resistive direct-current circuits. To investigate these difficulties, we developed a questionnaire based on an analysis of the theoretical and epistemological framework of physics, which was then administered to first-year engineering and physics students at universities in Spain, Colombia, and Belgium. The results of the study show that student difficulties seem to be strongly linked to the absence of an analysis of the energy balance within the circuit and that most university students do not clearly understand the usefulness of and the difference between the concepts of potential difference and emf.
http://doras.dcu.ie/19784/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Misorientations in [001] magnetite thin films studied by electron backscatter diffraction and magnetic force microscopy
(2007)
SHVETS, IGOR; MURPHY, SHANE
Misorientations in [001] magnetite thin films studied by electron backscatter diffraction and magnetic force microscopy
(2007)
SHVETS, IGOR; MURPHY, SHANE
Achomaireacht:
Magnetite thin films grown on 001 oriented MgO substrates are analyzed by means of electron backscatter diffraction EBSD analysis and magnetic force microscopy in applied fields. The EBSD technique enables the crystallographic orientation of individual grains to be determined with a high spatial resolution up to 20 nm on such ceramic samples. A high image quality of the recorded Kikuchi patterns was achieved enabling multiphase scans and high spatial resolution measurements. Upon annealing in air, the magnetic properties of the magnetite thin films were found to change considerably. Using the EBSD analysis, we find that misoriented grains remaining after the annealing step form small islands with a size of about 100 nm. The size and distribution of these islands correspond well to the observations of antiferromagnetic pinning centers within the magnetic domain structures carried out by magnetic force microscopy on the same samples.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40431
Marcáilte
Marcáil
The magnetic and magnetoresistance properties of ultrathin magnetite films grown on MgO substrate
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR; MCEVOY, CIARAN; RAMOS, RAFAEL
The magnetic and magnetoresistance properties of ultrathin magnetite films grown on MgO substrate
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR; MCEVOY, CIARAN; RAMOS, RAFAEL
Achomaireacht:
We report on the properties of ultrathin (2, 4, 6, and 8?nm) epitaxial films of magnetite, Fe3O4, grown on MgO (100). Atomic force microscopy image and V-I curves suggest that the films at this thickness are still continuous. The resistivity versus temperature results imply that the conductivity mechanism in all these films is similar. The resistivity of 4?nm thick film is much greater than that of 6 and 8?nm films. The films show ferrimagnetic instead of reported superparamagnetic behavior. The dead layer formed by Mg diffusion between MgO substrate and magnetite films and also the dead layer on the top uncapped film could be the possible reasons for the anomalous resistivity and magnetic properties of the ultrathin films. The effect of the ?dead layer? in the thinner film is relatively greater than the one in the thicker film and should lead to a lower magnetoresistance.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40423
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Magnetic moment investigations of epitaxial magnetite thin films
(2008)
ARORA, SUNIL KUMAR; SHVETS, IGOR
Magnetic moment investigations of epitaxial magnetite thin films
(2008)
ARORA, SUNIL KUMAR; SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
In this report, we provide an x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) study for 100?nm thick epitaxial magnetite (Fe3O4) films on MgO (001) and Al2O3 (0001) substrates. For XMCD, we recorded the surface sensitive total electron yield and the bulk sensitive transmission spectra. From the analysis of the XMCD data, we find an increased Fe spin moment (10% larger) at the surface of the film on MgO (100) with respect to the corresponding bulk value of the film. Surface and bulk spin moments of the film on Al2O3(0001) are almost equal. For both films, the bulk orbital to spin moments ratio increases from zero at 70?K to 0.03?0.04 at 300?K. For Fe3O4/MgO (001), the surface orbital to spin moment ratio behaves similarly to the bulk value, while the orbital to spin moments ratio is increased at the Fe3O4/Al2O3 (0001) surface to 0.06. The observed differences between films grown on MgO and Al2O3 are explained within the framework of differences in mismatch strain experienced by the films.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40321
Marcáilte
Marcáil
A Physics-Aware Dead Reckoning Technique for Entity State Updates in Distributed Interactive Applications
(2012)
Walsh, Patrick J.; Ward, Tomas; McLoone, Seamus
A Physics-Aware Dead Reckoning Technique for Entity State Updates in Distributed Interactive Applications
(2012)
Walsh, Patrick J.; Ward, Tomas; McLoone, Seamus
Achomaireacht:
This paper proposes a novel entity state update technique for physics-rich environments in peer-to-peer Distributed Interactive Applications. The proposed technique consists of a dynamic authority scheme for shared objects and a physics-aware dead reckoning model with an adaptive error threshold. The former is employed to place a bound on the overall inconsistency present in shared objects, while the latter is implemented to minimise the instantaneous inconsistency during users’ interactions with shared objects. The performance of the proposed entity state update mechanism is validated using a simulated application.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/4164/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Development of a Physics-Aware Dead Reckoning Mechanism for Distributed Interactive Applications
(2011)
Walsh, Patrick Joseph
Development of a Physics-Aware Dead Reckoning Mechanism for Distributed Interactive Applications
(2011)
Walsh, Patrick Joseph
Achomaireacht:
Distributed Interactive Applications (DIAs) are a class of software that allow geographically remote users to interact within a shared virtual environment. Many DIAs seek to present a rich and realistic virtual world to users, both on a visual and behavioural level. A relatively recent addition to virtual environments (both distributed and single user) to achieve the latter has been the simulation of realistic physical phenomena between objects in the environment. However, the application of physics simulation to virtual environments in DIAs currently lags that of single user environments. This is primarily due to the unavailability of entity state update mechanisms which can maintain consistency in such physics-rich environments. The difference is particularly evident in applications built on a peer-to-peer architecture, as a lack of a single authority presents additional challenges in synchronising the state of shared objects while also presenting a responsive simulation. This the...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/3985/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Central Charge and Quasihole Scaling Dimensions From Model Wavefunctions: Towards Relating Jack Wavefunctions to W-algebras
(2009)
Bernevig, B. Andrei; Gurarie, Victor; Simon, Steven H.
Central Charge and Quasihole Scaling Dimensions From Model Wavefunctions: Towards Relating Jack Wavefunctions to W-algebras
(2009)
Bernevig, B. Andrei; Gurarie, Victor; Simon, Steven H.
Achomaireacht:
We present a general method to obtain the central charge and quasihole scaling dimension directly from groundstate and quasihole wavefunctions. Our method applies to wavefunctions satisfying specific clustering properties. We then use our method to examine the relation between Jack symmetric functions and certain W-algebras. We add substantially to the evidence that the (k, r) admissible Jack functions correspond to correlators of the conformal field theory Wk(k+1, k+r), by calculating the central charge and scaling dimensions of some of the fields in both cases and showing that they match. For the Jacks described by unitary W-models, the central charge and quasihole exponents match the ones previously obtained from analyzing the physics of the edge excitations. For the Jacks described by non-unitary W-models the central charge and quasihole scaling dimensions obtained from the wavefunctions differ from the ones obtained from the edge physics, which instead agree with the “effective...
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/2693/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Implementing an inquiry based approach in first year undergraduate physics laboratories with emphasis on improving graphing literacy
(2010)
Wemyss, Thomas
Implementing an inquiry based approach in first year undergraduate physics laboratories with emphasis on improving graphing literacy
(2010)
Wemyss, Thomas
Achomaireacht:
We have developed the first year undergraduate physics labs to incorporate both open and guided inquiry in a flexible approach. By doing this we have shown that there have been benefits in both the affective and the cognitive domain for our students. One of the main aims for the labs was to develop necessary transferable scientific skills. Developing graphing skills was an important part of the work that we did in the labs. Through our work we have developed assessments to test students’ general graphing literacy and developed curriculum to tackle their difficulties. The difficulties addressed are with both qualitative and quantitative graphs.
http://doras.dcu.ie/15130/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Forked:A Demonstration of Physics Realism in Augmented Reality
(2009)
Beaney, David; Mac Namee, Brian
Forked:A Demonstration of Physics Realism in Augmented Reality
(2009)
Beaney, David; Mac Namee, Brian
Achomaireacht:
<p>In making fully immersive augmented reality (AR) applications, real and virtual objects will have to be seen to physically interact together in a realistic and believable way. This paper describes Forked! a system that has been developed to show how physical interactions between real and virtual objects can be simulated re- alistically and believably through appropriate use of a physics en- gine. The system allows users control a robotic forklift to manipu- late virtual crates in an AR environment. The paper also describes a evaluation experiment in which it is shown that the physical inter- actions between the forklift and the virtual creates are realistic and believable enough to be comparable with the physical interactions between a forklift and real crates.</p>
http://arrow.dit.ie/scschcomcon/55
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Designing, implementing and assessing guided-inquiry based tutorials in introductory physics
(2013)
Doughty, Leanne
Designing, implementing and assessing guided-inquiry based tutorials in introductory physics
(2013)
Doughty, Leanne
Achomaireacht:
This work concerns the development of instruction to address identified difficulties students have in introductory physics courses. Tests were designed to investigate students' conceptual understanding and use of mathematical tools in an electromagnetism context, and students understanding of the relationship between position, velocity, and acceleration, and the graphing of these quantities with time in the context of simple harmonic motion. The resulting instruction specifically tackles difficulties discovered after initial testing, and takes the form of structured worksheets which students complete in small groups, with tutors acting as facilitators. Through the comparison of students answers to pretest and post test questions the effectiveness of the developed instruction has been assessed.
http://doras.dcu.ie/19394/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
On the Road Again: Metal Foams Find Favor
(2002)
WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
On the Road Again: Metal Foams Find Favor
(2002)
WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
Achomaireacht:
The three states of matter are well represented by earth, sea, and sky. God saw that it was good, and so did many generations of physics lecturers. But purity is obscurity, as Ogden Nash reminded us. The rich variety of combinations of gas, liquid, and solid that are found in nature's creations and mankind's artifacts presents us with an infinity, rather than a trinity, of possibilities.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41098
Marcáilte
Marcáil
A new apparatus for the study of electron impact fragmentation of molecular clusters
(2008)
Barrett, Gerard; van der Burgt, Peter J.M.
A new apparatus for the study of electron impact fragmentation of molecular clusters
(2008)
Barrett, Gerard; van der Burgt, Peter J.M.
Achomaireacht:
This paper reports on the development of a new experiment for the study of electron-impact induced dissociation and fragmentation of molecular clusters and biomolecules and other species solvated in water clusters. The purpose is to look at clusters that are of interest to biophysics, atmospheric physics, and other fields. The experiment consists of a differentially pumped vacuum system, with an expansion chamber to generate a pulsed supersonic beam of clusters, and a collision chamber where the cluster beam intersects with an electron beam. Water clusters can be seeded with biomolecules emerging from a resistively heated oven. Investigation will be possible into both ion yields and long-lived neutral metastable yields produced by electron-impact fragmentation of relevant clusters and biomolecules.
http://eprints.maynoothuniversity.ie/4442/
Marcáilte
Marcáil
The kinematics and morphology of solar coronal mass ejections
(2010)
Byrne, Jason P.
The kinematics and morphology of solar coronal mass ejections
(2010)
Byrne, Jason P.
Achomaireacht:
THESIS 9407
Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun into the corona and interplanetary space. They are the most significant drivers of adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in the heliosphere, so it is important to understand the physics governing their eruption and propagation. However the diffuse morphology and transient nature of CMEs makes them difficult to identify and track using traditional image processing techniques. Furthermore, the true three-dimensional geometry of CMEs has remained elusive due to the limitations of coronagraph plane-of-sky images with restricted fields-of-view. For these reasons the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) was launched as a twin-spacecraft mission to y in orbits ahead and behind the Earth in order to triangulate independent observations of CME structure. It is the first time CMEs have been observed from vantage points off the Sun-Earth line and each...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/77015
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Propagation of coronal mass ejections in the inner heliosphere
(2011)
Maloney, Shane A.
Propagation of coronal mass ejections in the inner heliosphere
(2011)
Maloney, Shane A.
Achomaireacht:
THESIS 9637
Solar Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale ejections of plasma and magnetic field from the corona, which propagate through interplanetary space. CMEs are the most significant drivers of adverse space weather on Earth, but the physics governing their propagation through the Heliosphere is not well understood. This is mainly due to the limited fields-of-view and plane-of-sky projected nature of previous observations. The Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) mission launched in October 2006, was designed to overcome these limitations. In this thesis, a method for the full three dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the trajectories of CMEs using STEREO was developed. Observations of CMEs close to the Sun (<15 R) were used to derive the CMEs trajectories in 3D. These reconstructions supported a pseudo-radial propagation model. Assuming pseudo-radial propagation, the CME trajectories were extrapolated to large distances from the Sun (15-240 R). It was...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/77045
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Mechanisms and size effects of small to large strain polymerdeformation at the molecular scale
(2013)
Reilly, Roseanne
Mechanisms and size effects of small to large strain polymerdeformation at the molecular scale
(2013)
Reilly, Roseanne
Achomaireacht:
THESIS 9993
A core section of mechanics of materials is to understand the relationship of the mechanics to the nanoscale structure. This has been looked at in metals, ceramics, but in polymers has been virtually untouched. While micron scale polymer physics has been probed, real size effects and changes in polymer behaviour have not. This thesis attempts to remedy this by using diamond flat punch nanoindentation to probe mechanical size effects in polymer materials, from large to small strain. Additionally these findings regarding size effects in polymers are then utilised to investigate the effect of phase separation on the mechanical properties of ultra-thin block copolymers. Block copolymers are a highly technologically relevant material that is currently been investigated for use in the semiconductor industry, meaning the mechanical properties of these ultra thin phase separated films is also technologically relevant. From a size effect point of view, phase separation also e...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79328
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Studies of foam drainage and stability
(2013)
Tobin, Steven T.
Studies of foam drainage and stability
(2013)
Tobin, Steven T.
Achomaireacht:
THESIS 10176
While the static nature of foams has been well studied, the dynamic nature of a foam how it evolves and responds to external forces and changing environments is less well understood. We will present results from the analysis of two such aspects of foam physics: the drainage of liquid through the foam, and the stability of foam.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79373
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Theoretical study of topological insulators : models and materials
(2014)
Awadhesh, Narayan
Theoretical study of topological insulators : models and materials
(2014)
Awadhesh, Narayan
Achomaireacht:
THESIS 10570
Topological insulators are a fascinating new class of materials, which have signalled a revival in exploration of topological aspects of condensecl matter physics. Like usual insulators they have an energy gap separating valence and conduction bands, however, their surfaces host metallic states which cannot be gapped out unless one breaks the symmetry protecting such surface states.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79474
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Towards a Field-Programmable Physics Processor (FP?)
(2006)
WOULFE, MUIRIS; MANZKE, MICHAEL
Towards a Field-Programmable Physics Processor (FP?)
(2006)
WOULFE, MUIRIS; MANZKE, MICHAEL
Achomaireacht:
In this paper, we outline the design and implementation of an FPGA-based numerical integrator that will ultimately form the basis of our FPGA-based physics engine. Physics engines are considered one of the most important of a multitude of components requesting CPU time in a modern computer game, and so we propose offloading aspects of this physics computation to an FPGA-based physics engine. We aim to ameliorate the speed of the physics computation in concert with the other game components. Currently, our physics processor uses the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical integration algorithm to solve the ordinary differential equations used in game physics. Our analyses indicate that the performance of our physics processor should surpass that of the equivalent software executing on a CPU when several objects are simulated.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/36008
Marcáilte
Marcáil
The environment for women in physics in Ireland
(2015)
MCCABE, EITHNE
The environment for women in physics in Ireland
(2015)
MCCABE, EITHNE
Achomaireacht:
P hysics is contributing strongly to the national Irish economy , with 4.5% of the Irish workforce employed in physics - based or other science, technology, engineering, and math ( STEM ) sectors. However, a recent national report reveals that the proportion of women working in jobs that utilize STEM skills is less than 25 % of the workforce. We present d ata collected from the views of 1,000 female secondary school students, young women (age 18 ? 23), secondary - school teachers and parents on what influences secondary school students? choices of subjects and in particular STEM - related subjects . In addition, b enchmarking data on female student and staff ratios for the past five years is presented from all seven Irish u niversity p hysics d epartments
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/79193
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