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Cuardach Reatha:
'physics' i gach réimse;
3195 míreanna faighte
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Ag Taispeaint Torthaí 76 - 100 de 3195 ar leathanach 4 de 128
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Toying with physics
(2007)
HUTZLER, STEFAN; WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
Toying with physics
(2007)
HUTZLER, STEFAN; WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
Achomaireacht:
In the early 19th century the popularisation of science became a vogue, expressed in books that often took the form of ?conversations on natural philosophy?. They may have echoed the discourse of the classical dialogue of debate but this was more the conversation of the drawing-room, albeit in the stilted parlance of the time
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41089
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Molecular dynamics of iso-amyl bromide by dielectric spectroscopy, and the effects of a nonpolar solvent, 2-methylpentane, on the spectral features
(1999)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Molecular dynamics of iso-amyl bromide by dielectric spectroscopy, and the effects of a nonpolar solvent, 2-methylpentane, on the spectral features
(1999)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Achomaireacht:
To gain insight into the effects of the weakening of the electrostatic interactions on molecular dynamics when polar molecules are dissolved in a nonpolar solvent, the dielectric polarization and relaxation behaviors of iso-amylbromide and its 50 mol% solution in 2-methylpentane have been studied in detail over the frequency range, 1 mHz?1 MHz, and a temperature range approaching their liquid to glass transition. Features of the ~i! a-relaxation spectrum, ~ii! the Johari?Goldstein relaxation process in the liquid state at low temperatures, with an asymmetric spectral shape, and ~iii! the temperature dependence of the relaxation dynamics have been determined and the effects of weakening of the electrostatic interaction on these features examined. The high-frequency wing of the loss spectrum of the a-relaxation is proportional to v2b. The dynamics of its a-relaxation follows the Arrhenius equation initially at high temperatures and thereafter the Vogel?Fulcher? Tamman equation. Altern...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40558
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Planar Hall effect in magnetite (100) films
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR
Planar Hall effect in magnetite (100) films
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
Giant planar Hall effect (GPHE) has been observed in epitaxial magnetite (100) films grown on MgO substrates. The effect is manifested as jumps in the transverse resistivity when the film is subjected to a swept, in-plane magnetic field. The jumps are two orders of magnitude higher than previously observed in metallic ferromagnets. Recently, the same effect has been reported for other materials, but unlike our results, they present GPHE at low temperature only. The magnitude of the GPHE observed at room temperature has potential applications such as magnetic sensors and nonvolatile memory elements.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31771
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Demonstration of high-brightness-mode propagation in a compound waveguide structure
(1999)
HEGARTY, JOHN
Demonstration of high-brightness-mode propagation in a compound waveguide structure
(1999)
HEGARTY, JOHN
Achomaireacht:
We demonstrate the existence of an unusual and useful high-brightness guided mode of a multimode AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure compound slab waveguide. This mode has a narrow near-field single lobe confined to the low-index regions of the waveguide. This mode was selectively probed by optically exciting quantum wells optimally placed in the waveguide. By pumping in a stripe geometry, lasing is observed above a threshold of 80 kW/cm2 indicating efficient lasing in the highest-order waveguide mode. The near-field emission pattern of the waveguide was imaged to provide a direct measurement of the intensity profile of the higher-order mode.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/38050
Marcáilte
Marcáil
SnO2 doped with Mn, Fe or Co: Room temperature dilute magnetic semiconductors
(2004)
VENKATESAN, MUNUSWAMY; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
SnO2 doped with Mn, Fe or Co: Room temperature dilute magnetic semiconductors
(2004)
VENKATESAN, MUNUSWAMY; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
Room temperature ferromagnetism is found in (Sn1?xMx)O2 (M=Mn, Fe, Co, x=0.05) ceramics where x-ray diffraction confirms the formation of a rutile-structure phase. Room temperature saturation magnetization of 0.2 and 1.8 Am2?kg?1 for (Sn0.95Mn0.05)O2 and (Sn0.95Fe0.05)O2, respectively, corresponds to a moment of 0.11 or 0.95??B per Mn or Fe atom. The Curie temperatures are 340 and 360 K, respectively. The magnetization cannot be attributed to any identified impurity phase. 57Fe Mossbauer spectra of the Fe-doped SnO2 samples, recorded at room temperature and 16 K, show that about 85% of the iron is in a magnetically ordered high spin Fe3+ state, the remainder being paramagnetic.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31829
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Thick film permanent magnets by membrane electrodeposition
(2005)
COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Thick film permanent magnets by membrane electrodeposition
(2005)
COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
Thick films of nearly equiatomic Co?Pt produced by electrodeposition into nanoporous membranes exhibit an isotropic magnetic phase with square hysteresis loops (Mr/Ms = 0.95) and coercivity of up to 1.3 T. The initial magnetization curve is characteristic of pinning-type magnets. The coercivity can be controlled by the choice of annealing temperature or alloy composition, which depends on the chemical composition of the plating bath, properties which can be exploited to produce fine-pitch pole patterns.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31833
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Magnetoresistance of magnetite point contacts and nanoconstrictions
(2005)
COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Magnetoresistance of magnetite point contacts and nanoconstrictions
(2005)
COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
Point contacts of magnetite exhibit large, reversible increases of conductance by a factor of up to 5 in the presence of a small magnetic field (<10?mT), provided the conductance is less than the quantum of conductance G0 (12?900??)?1. Smaller effects are found in (La0.7Sr0.3)MnO3 and Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al. Comparable effects observed in magnetite nanoconstrictions milled using a focused-ion beam in thin films deposited on oxide substrates are only reversible on a time scale of hours. High-resistance nanogaps show evidence of field emission beyond a voltage threshold, which is itself field dependent. The results are discussed in terms of spin-polarized transport, magnetostriction, magnetic dipole strain, and Fowler?Nordheim tunneling.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31834
Marcáilte
Marcáil
All optical, high contrast absorptive modulation in an asymmetric Fabry-Perot etalon
(1991)
HEGARTY, JOHN
All optical, high contrast absorptive modulation in an asymmetric Fabry-Perot etalon
(1991)
HEGARTY, JOHN
Achomaireacht:
We report a 27:l switching contrast ratio with 2.5 mW of power in an asymmetric Fabry- Perot Ctalon. The modulation is achieved by optical saturation of the excitonic absorption profile of a 95 A GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well structure grown on a high-reflectivity dielectric stack mirror.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/38790
Marcáilte
Marcáil
MgO-based double barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with thin free layers
(2009)
FENG, GEN; VAN, DIJKEN SEBASTIAN; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
MgO-based double barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with thin free layers
(2009)
FENG, GEN; VAN, DIJKEN SEBASTIAN; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
The free layer thickness (tfree) in double barrier magnetic tunnel junctions (DMTJs) based on crystalline MgO barriers and CoFeB ferromagnetic layers has been varied from 0.5 to 3.0 nm in order to investigate its effect on the magnetic and electrical properties. One obvious feature of DMTJs with tfree<=1 nm is the absence of sharp free layer switching in the TMR curves, which can be explained by the superparamagnetic nature of discontinuous CoFeB layer, which breaks into nanodots when it is very thin. Normal free layer switch is observed when tfree=2.0 and 3.0 nm. Another difference is a rapid increase in junction resistance and tunnel magnetoresistance at low temperature for DMTJs with thin tfree, which is attributed to the Coulomb blockade effect. We also observed a small conductance peak in the dI/dV curve at low bias only in the parallel configuration and at temperatures below 100 K. This is related to the Kondo scattering process on the nanodots, which con...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31629
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Influence of the antiphase domain distribution on the magnetic structure of magnetite thin films
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR; MURPHY, SHANE
Influence of the antiphase domain distribution on the magnetic structure of magnetite thin films
(2006)
SHVETS, IGOR; MURPHY, SHANE
Achomaireacht:
A long-range ordered magnetic domain structure was found in magnetitelike (Fe3??O4, ? ? 0.03) thin films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy on MgO (100) substrates. The stripelike magnetic domain structure arising after suitable postprocessing differs significantly from earlier observations. The field-dependent domain structure was investigated by magnetic force microscopy in external magnetic fields. The magnetic domain structure results from a moderate perpendicular anisotropy. The domain structure is pinned, and the pinning centers arise from the magnetite antiphase domain structure.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40426
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Influence of miscut on the anisotropic magnetoresistance of magnetite
(2009)
SHVETS, IGOR
Influence of miscut on the anisotropic magnetoresistance of magnetite
(2009)
SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
We present the comparative measurements of the angular dependence of the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of magnetite (Fe3O4) films on MgO(001) nonvicinal and vicinal substrates (2.86? miscut along the 100 direction). The AMR behavior for current parallel and perpendicular to the direction of step edges is quite similar to that of nonvicinal Fe3O4 films for temperatures above the Verwey transition (TV). However, we observed a dramatic change in the symmetry of the AMR's angular response below TV for the vicinal sample, which depends on the direction of current with respect to the step edges. The results highlight the influence of step edge induced spin disorder on the transport properties below Verwey transition.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31770
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Raman scattering and Anti-Stokes emission from a single spherical microcavity with a CdTe quantum dot monolayer
(2003)
RAKOVICH, YURY
Raman scattering and Anti-Stokes emission from a single spherical microcavity with a CdTe quantum dot monolayer
(2003)
RAKOVICH, YURY
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
We have studied the Raman and luminescence spectra of a microcavity?quantum dot system consisting of a melamine formaldehyde latex microsphere coated by CdTe colloidal quantum dots. The cavity-induced enhancement of the Raman scattering allows the observation of Raman spectra from only a monolayer of CdTe quantum dots. Periodic structure with very narrow peaks in the luminescence spectra of a single microsphere was detected arising from the coupling between the emission from quantum dots and spherical cavity modes. Strong anti-Stokes emission from CdTe quantum dots coupled to the cavity modes was observed using low intensity below band-gap excitation and attributed to the strong field enhancement at the microcavity resonances.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/23600
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Fast ab initio methods for the calculation of adiabatic spin wave spectra in complex systems
(2001)
EDERER, CLAUDE
Fast ab initio methods for the calculation of adiabatic spin wave spectra in complex systems
(2001)
EDERER, CLAUDE
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
The interpretation of the physics of magnets with reduced dimensionality often requires information on the spin wave excitations at arbitrary wavelengths which is generally hard to obtain experimentally. Two powerful methods for the ab initio calculation of adiabatic spin-wave spectra are introduced, a frozen-magnon-torque method for systems with large exchange fields and a transverse-susceptibility method which may be used also for materials with smaller exchange fields. The efficiency of both methods results from the fact that the number of calculations required to obtain the spin-wave spectrum scales linearly with the number of basis atoms in the unit cell. Results are given for Fe, Co, Ni, permalloy Ni3Fe, and CoFe, materials which are often used for thin-film technologies.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31420
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Nonexponential dielectric relaxation dynamics in supercooled liquid and glassy states of isoamyl bromide and 2-methylpentane mixtures
(2001)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Nonexponential dielectric relaxation dynamics in supercooled liquid and glassy states of isoamyl bromide and 2-methylpentane mixtures
(2001)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Achomaireacht:
The dielectric spectra of mixtures of the polar solute isoamyl bromide in 2-methylpentane have been investigated in the frequency range 1 mHz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range approaching the glass transition temperature. The results obtained from the spectra are compared with those obtained recently [J. Chem. Phys. 111, 10979 (1999)] on pure isoamyl bromide. It is found that on increasing dilution with the nonpolar solvent, the width of the curves of the dielectric spectra increase significantly, and this is reflected in the increase in the nonexponential nature of the relaxation dynamics. This is found to be a consequence of the decrease in the cooperativity of the relaxation dynamics and or an increase in the heterogeneity of the solution. The data are found to fit the Havriliak?Negami equation extremely well. The data at low and high frequencies also fits the "universal law," since the latter is a low and high frequencies limiting case of the Havriliak?Negami equat...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40539
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Effects of induced steric hindrance on the dielectric behavior and H bonding in the supercooled liquid and vitreous alcohol
(2001)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Effects of induced steric hindrance on the dielectric behavior and H bonding in the supercooled liquid and vitreous alcohol
(2001)
VIJ, JAGDISH KUMAR
Achomaireacht:
The reasons of Debye-type dielectric relaxation in monohydroxy alcohols were investigated by studying the effects of steric hindrance on dielectric behavior and hydrogen bonding in alcohols. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy of supercooled liquid and glassy states of alcohol was performed to study the effect of optical isomers on intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The results showed that the relaxation rates fit the power law equations with critical exponent of 13.4 compared to 2-4 required in mode-coupling theory.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40540
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Effect of epitaxial strain on the cation distribution in spinel ferrites CoFe(2)O(4) and NiFe(2)O(4): A density functional theory study
(2011)
FRITSCH, DANIEL; EDERER, CLAUDE
Effect of epitaxial strain on the cation distribution in spinel ferrites CoFe(2)O(4) and NiFe(2)O(4): A density functional theory study
(2011)
FRITSCH, DANIEL; EDERER, CLAUDE
Achomaireacht:
The effect of epitaxial strain on the cation distribution in spinel ferrites CoFe(2)O(4) and NiFe(2)O(4) is investigated by GGA+U total energy calculations. We obtain a very strong (moderate) tendency for cation inversion in NiFe(2)O(4) (CoFe(2)O(4)), in agreement with experimental bulk studies. This preference for the inverse spinel structure is reduced by tensile epitaxial strain, which can lead to strong sensitivity of the cation distribution on specific growth conditions in thin films. Furthermore, we obtain significant energy differences between different cation arrangements with the same degree of inversion, providing further evidence for recently proposed short range B site order in NiFe(2)O(4).
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/59503
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Wall slip of bubbles in foams
(2006)
WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
Wall slip of bubbles in foams
(2006)
WEAIRE, DENIS LAWRENCE
Achomaireacht:
We present a computational analysis of the flow of liquid foam along a smooth wall, as encountered in the transport of foams in vessels and pipes. We concentrate on the slip of the bubbles at the wall and present some novel finite element calculations of this motion for the case of fully mobile gas/liquid interfaces. Our two-dimensional simulations provide for the first time the bubble shapes and entire flow field, giving detailed insight into the distribution of stresses and dissipation in the system. In particular, we investigate the relationship between the drag force and the slip velocity of the bubble, which for small slip velocities obeys power laws, as predicted by previous semianalytical treatments.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/41096
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Study of shear force as a distance regulation mechanism for scanning near-field optical microscopy
(1996)
SHVETS, IGOR
Study of shear force as a distance regulation mechanism for scanning near-field optical microscopy
(1996)
SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
Results of the investigation into the suitability of the shear?force distance regulation mechanism for scanning near?field optical microscopy (SNOM) are presented. It is shown that there is a range of relative sizes of surface features to tip size that gives rise to malfunctions of the shear?force distance regulation mechanism. If the size of the tip is comparable to the size of any depressions on the sample, the corresponding shear?force image may show contrast reversal. It is also shown that the resolution obtained when imaging a surface with the shear?force scanning microscope may differ for the two perpendicular lateral directions. The resolution along the oscillation axis is usually lower than the one perpendicular to it. This has implications for SNOM images. Therefore, the interpretation of shear force, and hence SNOM images, may become complex when imaging any sample with significant surface roughness.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40478
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscopy: Influence of sample type, tip shape, and polarization of light
(1998)
SHVETS, IGOR
Reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscopy: Influence of sample type, tip shape, and polarization of light
(1998)
SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
A reflection-mode aperture-type scanning near-field optical microscope (R-SNOM) based on the external collection of the reflected light is presented. The light detection is based on an elliptical mirror setup, with the tip and sample at one focus, and a photomultiplier tube at the other. Results are presented on the general imaging properties of this microscope. The results presented concentrate on an analysis of the gap-width dependence of the optical signal, on resolution and on the contrast mechanisms which may be used in R-SNOM imaging, including reflectivity, polarization/magneto-optics, and topographic effects.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40477
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Morphological and mechanical properties of carbon-nanotube-reinforced semicrystalline and amorphous polymer composites
(2002)
COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT; BLAU, WERNER
Morphological and mechanical properties of carbon-nanotube-reinforced semicrystalline and amorphous polymer composites
(2002)
COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT; BLAU, WERNER
Achomaireacht:
In this work, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were investigated as potential mechanical reinforcement agents in two hosts, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(9-vinyl carbazole) (PVK). It was found that, by adding various concentrations of nanotubes, both Young?s modulus and hardness increased by factors of 1.8 and 1.6 at 1 wt?% in PVA and 2.8 and 2.0 at 8 wt?% in PVK, in reasonable agreement with the Halpin?Tsai theory. Furthermore, the presence of the nanotubes was found to nucleate crystallization of the PVA. This crystal growth is thought to enhance matrix-nanotube stress transfer. In addition, microscopy studies suggest extremely strong interfacial bonding in the PVA-based composite. This is manifested by the fracture of the polymer rather that the polymer-nanotube interface.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40262
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Dispersion and purification of Mo6S3I6 nanowires in organic solvents
(2007)
COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT; BLAU, WERNER
Dispersion and purification of Mo6S3I6 nanowires in organic solvents
(2007)
COLEMAN, JONATHAN NESBIT; BLAU, WERNER
Achomaireacht:
Sedimentation measurements have been performed on dispersions of Mo6S3I6 nanowires in a range of common solvents. By far the best solvents were N,N-dimethylformamide DMF and acetone. Stable dispersions of purified Mo6S3I6 nanowires in DMF, with concentrations as high as 0.06 g l?1, could be produced. Detailed analysis of the sedimentation curves showed that the material consisted of three phases, two insoluble phases and one which could be stably dispersed. We associate the insoluble phases with pseudospherical impurities and insoluble nanowires. The sedimenting nanowires tend to be in the form of large diameter bundles, in contrast to the dispersed phase which consists of nanowires arranged in smaller bundles. The average diameters of the nanowire bundles stably suspended in DMF are 12?14 nm. The measured sedimentation time constants of the insoluble nanowires agree very well with theory allowing us to calculate the solid-fluid interaction parameter, , to be very close to 105 Pa...
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40257
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Magneto-chiral anisotropy in charge transport through single-walled carbon nanotubes
(2002)
KRSTIC, VOJISLAV
Magneto-chiral anisotropy in charge transport through single-walled carbon nanotubes
(2002)
KRSTIC, VOJISLAV
Achomaireacht:
Carbon nanotubes are chiral molecular objects and therefore exist in two forms that are each other?s mirror image. Many aspects of these fascinating new materials have recently been explored but their chirality has hardly been addressed. We have investigated the charge transport through individual single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of a magnetic field parallel to the tube axis. For most of the investigated tubes, a dependence of the resistance that is odd in both the magnetic field and in the current through the tube is observed. This effect is ascribed to the chirality of the nanotube and is called electrical magneto-chiral anisotropy.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/38874
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Growth and electrical transport of germanium nanowires
(2001)
KRSTIC, VOJISLAV
Growth and electrical transport of germanium nanowires
(2001)
KRSTIC, VOJISLAV
Achomaireacht:
Single crystalline germanium nanowires have been synthesized from gold nanoparticles based on a vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism. Germanium powder was evaporated at 950?C, and deposited onto gold nanoparticles at 500?C using argon as a carrier gas. The diameter of the germanium nanowires ranged from 20 to 180 nm when gold thin films were utilized as the substrate, while the nanowires grown from 10 nm Au particles showed a narrower diameter distribution centered at 28 nm. The growth direction of germanium nanowires is along the [111] direction, determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Transport measurements on individual Ge nanowires indicate that the wires are heavily doped during growth and that transport data can be explained by the thermal fluctuation tunneling conduction model.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/38873
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Observation of magnetic domains using a reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscope
(1997)
SHVETS, IGOR
Observation of magnetic domains using a reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscope
(1997)
SHVETS, IGOR
Achomaireacht:
It is demonstrated that it is possible to image magnetic domains with a resolution of better than 60 nm with the Kerr effect in a reflection-mode scanning near-field optical microscope. Images taken of tracks of thermomagnetically prewritten bits in a Co/Pt multilayer structure magnetized out-of plane showed optical features in a track pattern whose appearance was determined by the position of an analyzer in front of the photomultiplier tube. These features were not apparent in the topography, showing this to be a purely magneto-optic effect.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/40475
Marcáilte
Marcáil
Noise in MgO barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with CoFeB electrodes; influence of annealing temperature
(2007)
FENG, GEN; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Noise in MgO barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with CoFeB electrodes; influence of annealing temperature
(2007)
FENG, GEN; COEY, JOHN MICHAEL DAVID
Achomaireacht:
peer-reviewed
Low frequency noise has been measured in magnetic tunnel junctions with MgO barriers and magnetoresistance values up to 235%. The authors investigated the noise for different degrees of crystallization and CoFeB/MgO interface quality depending on the annealing temperature. The authors report an extremely low 1/ f noise, compared to magnetic junctions with Al2O3 barriers. The origin of the low frequency noise is discussed and it is attributed to localized charge traps with the MgO barriers.
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/31906
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